multi essay for 12th class

Inter 2nd Year English Important Essays 2024

We have written down the list of inter 2nd year English important essays 2024 topics for 12th class. All those candidates who are going to attempt inter annual exams under any Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) can download and prepare 12th class important English essay topics . As candidates there are is a large number of English essays in Inter but here we are providing you only those essays which are the most important for inter exams 2024 point of view. In the English question paper, the question of essay writing carries 15 marks which means the question having the highest makes. Generally, it is to see that most of the students fail to secure maximum marks in this essay question. The reason is that they cannot write an essay in a proper essay structure. A good essay should be in borderlines. Start with a brief introduction and highlight all the headings with the marker, use easy language, and make a proper sentence. The most important thing is the use of tense i.e. present, past, or future.

So if any candidate who follows these ways to write an essay can secure 12 plus marks in the essay question. You know candidates, even a single mark has great importance in the preparation of your marks percentage, and the question of an essay is considered as the best source for chasing good marks in English Paper. Now scroll down this page to get Inter 2nd year English important essays 2024.

Inter 2nd Year English Important Essays 2024:

The following list is containing all the important English essays for 12th class 2024. you can click on any essay topic name and it will be explored on a new page where you can read all the details of that essay with outlines and quotes.

• My Aim In Life
• My First Day At College or School
• Unemployment
• Science and Our Life
• A Visit to Historical Place
• Technical Education
• My Hero / My favorite Personality / Quaid-e-Azam , Allama Iqbal
• Causes and Effects of Pollution On Environment Essay
• Women’s Education
• Internet Advantages and Disadvantages
• Mobile Phone Advantages and Disadvantages
• Co-Education
• Essay On My Aim
• The Importance of English Language
• Importance of CPEC
• Political System of Pakistan
• Women’s Place in Our Society
• Our Education System 
• Advantages of Sports 
• A Road Accident
• Over Population
• Responsibilities of Youth

Also Get: Intermediate 2nd Year Urdu Important Essays 2024

So these are the inter 2nd year English important essays 2024 for 12th class annual and supplementary examinations. So if you want to secure maximum marks in the essay question then you should prepare this essay and we assure you that your marks will be perfect in the result. Besides these English essay topics for 12th class, we are also suggesting that you must keep under the view about the rules of writing an English essay at inter part 2 level. Besides these topics, if you want to share any more important English Essay topics for the 12th class then share it in the following commenting section.

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17 comments.

Thanks a lot

How these are downloaded please help me.

thanks a lot

Thanka a lot

Thank u so much sir but please he tu bta drain k KIA in he main sy aye ga

Insaan khud b thori struggle kar lata ha

Confirm hai k is me hi sy aye ga

No.. these are just Most Important Essays

In sab main say ata hy koi 1 ya 2 ni hn

sir ye 2017 k impirtant essay ha plz bta de ya past k

2017 hamara past hi tha

thanxs Alot

Thankxxxx for guide us GOD bless you….full ameen

I appriate ur work . may God bless u.

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2nd Year English Grammar

Latest update.

Updated March 2024 The most recent 12th Class English Grammar Notes 2024 have been uploaded onto the Ilmkidunya website, with PDF files provided for the convenience of students. This allows students to easily access and download the notes, thereby improving their learning process effectively.

English is a compulsory subject of  2nd Year Intermediate Board Examinations . The subject enhances students develop better speaking, writing, and grammar skills. The students learn to be capable enough to draft creative writing with good grammar and vocabulary. The syllabus of English for 2nd Year Intermediate Board Exams includes several sections that cover the book part, grammar, comprehension, essay writing, and more.

12th Class English Grammar PDF Notes

English Essays

Essays are writings that include general information regarding the topic and the writer’s approach to the topic. It may include critical and analytical writing depending upon the type of essay.  In the 2nd year, intermediate Board Exams English Essays are a compulsory portion with a choice of topics. The portion carries the highest marks. The students are required to draft essay writing while keeping grammar and vocabulary in mind.

My hero in history essay for 2nd year with quotations  can also be found here.There are several Model Papers and  Paper Schemes  issued by the  Punjab Board that highlight the important topics for students to prepare well. The students can draft an essay on their own or can attempt various model essays.

Grammar is an essential component of English writing. The proper use of grammar will lead to a better understanding of the concept the writer conveys. The wrong use of grammar will lead to unstructured sentences, unclear concepts, and hard-to-understand statements. Grammar is the proper use of Nouns, Verbs, and Adjectives to form a structured sentence. Students of intermediate level are capable enough to form a structured sentence with the help of proper grammar. The essay, story, and other writings have a major role in grammar. To get a grip on your writing grammar plays a huge role. 

The English stories at an intermediate level provide learning to students. These stories lead to a valuable moral lesson. The students gather their knowledge through the various short stories. It provides a better learning exposure to students. The story writing can either be descriptive or narrative. A narrative story includes the writer’s opinion and how the writer narrates the particular content of an event.

While descriptive stories include a description of a particular story. The intermediate students can follow various model papers to have a sound understanding of various essay writing and other English stories that will lead to a better performance overall. 

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• Intermediate Fsc Important English Essays 2024 2025

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Intermediate (FSc) Important English Essays 2024-2025

Written By Ammar Hussain Kazmi       Nov 6, 2023

In 2024, FSc intermediate students in Pakistan will encounter a diverse set of essay topics in their English exams. These essays are crucial for evaluating their writing skills and ability to express thoughts effectively. The selected topics encourage critical thinking and insight into local and global issues, fostering well-rounded education and intellectual growth.

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List of Important Essays:

• The Role of Women in Society
• Terrorism and its Impacts on Society
• Environmental Pollution and its Effects
• The Importance of Education
• Health is Wealth
• The Concept of Democracy in Pakistan
• Youth and Social Media
• Water Crisis in Pakistan
• Role of Media in Society
• Co-Education in Pakistan
• Poverty Alleviation Strategies
• Social Evils in Pakistani Society
• CPEC (China-Pakistan Economic Corridor)
• Globalization and its Impact on Developing Countries
• Importance of Science and Technology
• Life in A Village
• My first/last day at college
• Uses and abuses of mobile phones
• A cricket match
• The Holy Quran
• My favorite personality / My Hero in History
• Life in a big city

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Essays on Various Topics - List of Essay Writing Ideas

Essay writing is not everyone’s cup of tea. Most students find it difficult to begin writing. Essays can be made easier if students start thinking about the topic either through brainstorming or by putting them down on a sheet of paper. After getting the ideas, they need to know how to organise them to form an essay. For this, they need to practise essays on different topics. Here, we have compiled a list of Essays on various topics.

These are the general essay topics which are most likely to be asked in the exam. Some of these essay topics are also picked from past year papers. Students of Classes 6 to 10 can go through these essays and know the right way of expressing their thoughts to form a perfect essay. Apart from the CBSE , students of ICSE and other state boards can also use these topics to prepare for their English exams.

Essay Topics: List and Writing Ideas

Usually, one essay is asked in the English paper. The essay writing question mainly comes under the writing section and comprises 5 to 10 marks. By having a look at the essays on the below-mentioned topics, students can easily score these marks in the exam.

We will be soon updating more Essays.

Characteristics of a Good Essay

A composition on a particular topic consisting of more than one paragraph is an essay. The characteristics of a good essay are:

1) Unity: The essay should deal with the main subject and all parts of it should be clearly linked with that subject.

2) Coherence: There should be a logical sequence of thought. This requires a logical relationship between ideas, sentences and paragraphs.

3) Relevance: Unimportant information should not be included.

4) Proportion: Give more space to important ideas.

Students can also get the essays for class 2 and class 3 to improve their writing skills.

Types of Essays

Essays are mainly ways of expressing one’s ideas and thoughts. Essays vary in how one narrates a personal experience, describes an issue, or convinces the reader to accept a certain viewpoint. So, essays are mainly classified into four major types, as mentioned below:

1) Narrative Essays: Telling a Story

While writing a narrative essay, students must consider the topic as if telling a story. Through these essays, they can express themselves in a creative way. These essays are usually written in the first person, so as to engage the readers.

2) Descriptive Essays: Painting a Picture with Words

In a descriptive essay, students have to paint a picture with words. They have to describe something. It can be an object, person, place, experience, emotion, situation or anything else. These essays allow students a great deal of artistic freedom.

3) Expository Essays: Presentation of the Facts

An expository essay is an informative piece of writing that presents a balanced analysis of a topic. To write a good expository essay, students need to investigate the topic, evaluate evidence, express the idea, and set forth an argument clearly and concisely. It can be done by comparison and contrast, definition, example, the analysis of cause and effect, etc.

4) Persuasive Essays: Convince Me

A persuasive essay is one in which a writer tries to convince the reader to accept his/her viewpoint. It presents all sides of the argument but clearly communicates the writer’s personal opinion.

CBSE Unseen Passages

Students can increase their scores in the reading section of the English paper by practising the comprehension passages. To help them, below, we have listed the links to unseen passages.

Students must have found these Essay Topics helpful for their studies. For more study material and latest updates on the CBSE / ICSE / State Board / Competitive exams, keep visiting BYJU’S. Also, download the BYJU’S App for interactive study related videos.

Frequently Asked Questions on Essay writing Essay

How should students practise essay writing.

The following points should be remembered while practising essay writing: 1. Constant written practice is required for honing essay writing skills. Writing alone tests the competency of the students to ideate and execute a proper essay within a specified time. 2. In-depth knowledge on various topics is a prerequisite for students preparing to write essays in school exams and competitive examinations. Such knowledge can be acquired by regularly developing a habit of reading extensively — especially newspapers and magazines — and following other news sources on various media available to them. 3. Developing a good vocabulary is another important factor students should focus on. Essay writing demands a more formal and extensive vocabulary as the range of topics asked are so wide-ranging. Every topic will demand familiarity with words and phrases pertaining to it. Use of good idiomatic English rich with apt vocabulary will help students pen memorable essays.

How to write an essay on an unknown or unfamiliar topic?

If an essay topic is unfamiliar then students can try to write in general about topics which are related to the main topic. Reading magazines and books can help in acquisition of knowledge in various subject matters.

How to score high marks in essay writing?

Given below are some of the points to be considered to ensure that students can score high marks in essay writing. 1. Maintain flow of text in essay: Ensure that the essay follows a natural progression from introduction to conclusion. Make sure that each paragraph is thematically or logically connected to successive paragraphs. Only then will the essay be evocative and easy to read and comprehend. 2. Phrase the essay is a relatable way: Keep the target audience in mind while drafting the essay and use images and language that resonate with them. Otherwise it would fail to connect with the reader, even if you have come up with a decent essay. 3. Be creative: Show the audacity to think out of the box and to deviate from traditional ways of writing essays while coming up with ideas to present your viewpoints in the essay. Readers will be immediately drawn to a piece of writing that gives them a fresh perspective, even if you are writing on a very common topic. But too much creativity and idiosyncratic writing will only mar an otherwise well-researched essay. 4. Present the essay in a better manner: Always think of new ways and strategies to present your ideas which you may have drawn from multiple sources. Doing background research is definitely essential. But that does not mean that you have to present the content you found in the same way. A fresh approach can turn a boring essay into a very engaging one. 5. Do not be over confident: Essays usually require students to state personal opinions as well as facts. Be prudent in voicing your opinions as well as in stating facts – make sure you don’t hurt the sentiments of readers when writing on sensitive and controversial topics. Practice diligence, not overconfidence, while writing essays as a best practice.

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2nd Year Important English Essay Topics For 12th, 11th Class

Now, 2nd Year Important English Essay Topics For 12th, 11th Class are also here so that students who are in these classes may not have to face any problem when they are preparing for the final examination as these are the most common topic that comes in the annual examination of the Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education. Well, Intermediate (11th, 12th Class) is a very important class in the life of students so that is the reason that almost every student just focuses on their studies during these classes they want to get as good marks as they are capable of. During the preparation, one of the biggest problems that students face while preparing for English Courses is the Essay Topics as it is not known so everyone has to prepare according to their own preferences or the most important topics that they got from teachers, Academies, Past papers, guess Papers or from any senior. But as these are the most common topics just prepare these topics and then go for your final examination. While writing any of the 2nd Year English Essay Topics keep some little things in your mind first of all the first line of the essay is considered to be focused so do not go for any illogical arguments. Secondly, try to give logical facts through statements that include points. Third, the essay should not contain any grammar, spelling, or punctuation mistakes. So scroll down regarding 2nd Year Important English Essay Topics For 12th, 11th Class.

Table of Contents

2nd Year English Essay Topics for 12th Class

Every student who is getting an education now they are worried about the 2nd Year English Essay Topics for the 12th Class are mentioned below and students easily guidance from this page.

• Science in the service of mankind
• Over-population
• The importance of the English language
• My ambition in life.
• Advantages of Sports.
• Responsibilities of Youth
• Muslim World
• A visit to a historical place
• How to make Pakistan strong
• Technical Education
• Unemployment.
• Women’s place in our society
• Women’s place in Islam.
• Female education in Peshawar
• Our Education System
• Our Examination System
• Knowledge is power
• The problem of electricity in Pakistan
• Student’s role in the creation of an environment
• computer’s
• Internet- advantages, and disadvantages
• The pleasures of reading
• The Recent Flood in Pakistan
• Our political system
• The evils of corruption.
• Generation Gap
• Importance of CPEC
• Corona Virus

1st Year English Essay Topics for 11th Class

All 1st  year English Essay Topics for the 11th Class have been mentioned and students can prepare the essays according to our topics.

• Essays Merits and Demerits of Science
• Essays Life in a Big City
• Essays A Cricket Match
• essays Uses and Abuses of Media
• Essays The Responsibilities of an Ideal Student
• Essays My Aim in Life
• The Kashmir Problem
• Role of women in society
• Memorable Day in My Life
• Co-education
• College Life
• Hostel Life
• My favorite personality
• My Best Friend
• The happiest moment of my life
• Cell phone- advantages and disadvantages

Essays are one of the most important things in the subject of English and every student is worried about them but now ilm.com.pk is providing all topics for 2nd Year Important English Essay Topics For 12th, 11th Classes.

Moin akhtar

I am committed to helping Pakistani students craft successful career paths by merging their individual passions with market trends. As a career counselor, we'll explore both well-established fields and modern industries to find the best fit for you. With personalized counseling and strategic planning, we aim to transform your educational journey into a thriving professional future.

Topics on curses of war and importance of Dams in pakistan are also important from my point of view.

Good informative

it website good for all students

god help us

what are the important essays for the 2nd year 2014 plzz tell me

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12th Grade Essays

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Essay Writing Format Class 12 Format, Examples, Topics, Exercises

Essay writing format class 12 examples, topics, exercises.

Still, you’ll most probably need to write several essays as part of your class, If you’re in class 12. Knowing how to write a good essay is essential for getting good grades and developing essential jotting chops that can be useful for your future academic and professional life. In this composition, we will bandy the essay writing format for class 12 scholars, give exemplifications of essays, suggest some motifs, and give some exercises to help you ameliorate your essay jotting chops.

Essay Writing Format Class 12:

Before you begin writing an essay, it’s critical that you understand the introductory format. The standard essay format is divided into three sections preface, body, and conclusion.

preface: The preface is the first paragraph of your essay, and it should capture the anthology’s attention while also furnishing a terse overview of your content. The preface should include the thesis statement, which is the main argument of your essay.

Body: The body of your essay contains the substantiation that supports your thesis statement. Each paragraph in the body should start with a content judgment that provides a clear idea of what the paragraph is about. You should use exemplifications, statistics, and other substantiation to support your argument.

Conclusion: The conclusion is the last paragraph of your essay and should epitomize the main points from the body. It should also translate your thesis statement and give a final study of your content.

Also Read:   Essay Writing Topics For Class 6 

Essay Writing Format Class 12 Examples:

To help you understand the essay writing format, let’s look at some exemplifications of essays.

Example 1: My Favorite Hobby

Preface In this essay, I’ll bandy my favorite hobby horse and why I enjoy it.

Body My favorite hobby horse is reading. Reading helps me to relax, learn new effects, and ameliorate my vocabulary. I like to read a variety of books, including fabrication, non-fiction, and life.

Conclusion In conclusion, reading is my favorite hobbyhorse, and it has numerous benefits. It helps me to escape reality, learn new effects, and ameliorate my vocabulary.

Example 2: The Importance of Exercise

Preface In this essay, I’ll bandy the significance of exercise for maintaining good health.

Body Exercise is essential for maintaining good health. It helps to reduce the threat of habitual conditions, similar as diabetes and heart complaints. Exercise also helps to ameliorate mood, increase energy, and boost tone- confidence.

Conclusion, In conclusion, exercise is essential for maintaining good health. It has numerous benefits, including reducing the threat of habitual conditions and perfecting mood and tone confidence.

Essay Writing Format Class 12 Topics:

Now that you understand the essay jotting process and have seen some essay exemplifications, let’s look at some essay subjects.

1. The Advantages of Volunteering 2. The Social Media Influence on Society 3. The Significance of Education for Professional Success 4. The Benefits and downsides of Online Learning 5. The Environmental Benefits of Climate Change

Essay Writing Format Class 12 Exercises:

To improve your essay-writing skills, you can try the following exercises.

1. Exercise writing prolusions and conclusions for different motifs. 2. The Impact of Social Media on Society 3. Take a paragraph from a published essay and rewrite it in your own words. 4. The Pros and Cons of Online Learning 5. The Goods of Climate Change on the Environment

Conclusion On Essay Writing Format Class 12:

In summary, knowing how to write a good essay is essential for class 12 students. The essay writing format consists of three parts: introduction, body, and conclusion. You can use examples of essays to understand the format better and practice writing essays on different topics

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Multi Topic essay for BA English on positive topics

Multi topic essay for ba english pdf download, general essay for multiple topics, the essay with quotations.

A Contented mind is the blessing a man can enjoy in this world. (Joseph Addison)

As a general rule, the most successful man in life is the man who has the best information.

No human being, however great, or powerful, was ever so free as a fish. (John Ruskin)

The secret of success in life is for a man to be ready for his opportunity when it comes. (Disraeli, British Politician)

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Sunday 13 September 2020

Quotations for english essays of 12th class.

if you are looking for some good quotations on multiple topics for English essay writing for 2nd-year exams then here we have shared the Quotations for English Essays of 12th class.

 The mere act of aiming at something big makes you big. (Jawaharlal Nehru)

 A noble aim is simply a noble deed.

 Early death is better than an aimless life.

 If you want to live a happy life, tie it to a goal, not to people or things.

 (Albert Einstein)

 “Ambition makes a man energetic and active”.

 “Man who has the ambition to be considered as the best among good men”.

 “A man or woman without ambition is a really unfortunate man.”

 Traveling at a young age is a part of education.

 What peaceful hours I once enjoyed! How sweet their memory still

Science never solves a problem without creating ten more. George Bernard Shaw

 (A passion from which springs the love for one's country willing to sacrifice for it.)

 The World is my country, all mankind are my brethren, and to do good is my

religion. (Thomas Paine)

 The patriot's blood is the seed of Freedom's tree. (Thomas Campbell.)

 Who is here so vile that he will not love his country? (Shakespeare)

 Dissent is the highest form of patriotism. (Thomas Jefferson)

 Patriotism is the virtue of the vicious. (Oscar Wilde)

 Patriotism is a kind of religion; it is the egg from which wars are hatched. (Guy de

Maupassant)

 Nationalism is an infantile disease. It is the measles of mankind. (Albert Einstein)

 Patriot: the person who can holler the loudest without knowing what he is

hollering about. ( Mark Twain)

 Patriotism is when the love of your own people comes first; nationalism, when hate

for people other than your own comes first. Charles de Gaulle

 In the face of impossible odds, people who love this country can change it.

B arack Obama

 a patriot must always be ready to defend his country against his government.

Edward Abbey

 Patriotism is supporting your country all the time and your government when it

deserves it.

 it is not always the same thing to be a good man and a good citizen.

College days

 The aim of a college education is to teach you to know a good man when you

William James

 College life is a life of freedom

Benazir Bhutto

 If you have a college degree you can be absolutely sure of one thing… You have

a college degree.

 The purpose of the university is to make students safe for ideas – not ideas safe

for students.

 The chief value in going to college is that it’s the only way to learn it really doesn’t

George Edwin Howes

 The things taught in schools and colleges are not an education, but the means to

an education.

Ralph Waldo Emerson

 Some people talk in their sleep. Lecturers talk while other people sleep.

Albert Camus

 College is a refuge from hasty judgment.

Robert Frost

 If you always do what you have always done, you will always get what you have

always got.

Warren Buffett

 College is like a fountain of knowledge – and the students are there to drink.

Martian Luther King

 Hard work never killed anyone, but I don’t want to be the first. Emerson

 Education is the best money-making ritual

 Education is not preparation for life, education is life itself.

 Colleges don’t make fools, they only develop them.

Richard Steve

 You are the pawns in the first year…you are ministers in the second year…You

become the king of campus in the final year.

A Visit to a historical place

 Earth is full of Gods Goodness as Richard Ralston says;

God has made this world so fair, although sins and death abound;

How beautiful beyond compare, will paradise be found.

 A thing of beauty is a joy forever:

Its loveliness increases; it will never

 Though nothing can bring back the hour; of splendor in the grass, of glory in the

William Wordsworth

 Beauty needs no ornaments.

 The best profit of the future is the past.

 History is a cyclic poem written by Time upon the memories of man.

Percy Bysshe Shelley

 History is philosophy teaching by examples.

 If you want to understand today, you have to search yesterday.

 We are the prisoners of history.

 Who controls the past controls the future: who controls the present controls the

George Orwell

CRICKET MATCH

 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy

 If you watch a game, it's fun. If you play at it, it's recreation

 Sport is a preserver of health.

 Winning means you're willing to go longer, work harder, and give more than

anyone else.

Vince Lombardi

 Pain is only temporary but victory is forever.

 If you can accept losing, you can't win.

 The harder you work, the harder it is to surrender.

 Sweat plus sacrifice equals success.

Charles O. Finley

 Life is not merely to be alive, but to be well.

Marcus Valerius Martial

 A man too busy to take care of his health is like a mechanic too busy to take care

of his tools.

Spanish Proverb

 Health is wealth

Definition:

The showing of politeness in one's attitude and behavior toward others.

 Life is not so short but that there is always time enough for courtesy.

R.W.Emerson

 He who grows courtesy reaps friendship and he who plants kindness gathers

 The Reward of courtesy is love.

 The Man who is a master of courtesy is the master of everyone.

Lord Halifax

 Courtesy is such a mark of a gentleman as courage.

 The grace of God is courtesy.

Hilaire Bellock

 The best among ye is The one whose manners are the best.

Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H)

 A tree is known by its fruit; a man by his deeds.

 A good deed is never lost Courtesy is only a thin veneer on the general

selfishness.

Honore de Balzac

 There is a courtesy of the heart; it is allied to love. From its springs the purest

courtesy in the outward behavior.

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

 All doors open to courtesy.

Thomas Fuller

 He who plants a garden plants happiness.

Where flowers bloom so does hope.

Lady Bird Johnson

 Gardening adds years to your life and life to your years.

Author Unknown

 A thing of beauty is a joy for ever:

 Oh ! There are flowers all around;

looking very nice with birds chirping song,

Momentous, glorious the beautiful world;

Such a pretty one that paradise be found.

 The love of gardening is a seed once sown that never dies.

Gertrude Jekyll

 A hobby a day keeps the doldrums away.

Phyllis McGinley

 All gardeners know better than other gardeners.

Chinese Proverb

 When gardeners garden, it is not just plants that grow, but the gardeners

themselves.

 Gardening is medicine that does not need a prescription ... and with no limit on

Author unknown.

Quaid e Azam

 Jinnah is one of the most extraordinary men in history. (Jawaharlal Nehru, first

prime minister of India)

 The greatest man he ever met. (The Aga Khan)

 Failure is a word unknown to me. Muhammad Ali Jinnah 

 Think 100 times before you make a decision, but once that decision is taken,

stand by it as one man. Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Sir Cowasjee Jehangir: No one was able to move Jinnah from the path of truth.

 Gandhi: I Believe no power can buy Mr. Jinnah.

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Hello, I am Maher Afrasiab a founder of Ratta.pk and some other websites. I have created ratta.pk to promote the eductaion in Pakistan. And to help the students in their studies. Find me on Facebook: @Maher Afrasiab

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✍️Essay on Social Issues: Samples for 8th, 10th, 12th Class Students

• Updated on  
• Nov 2, 2023

From domestic violence to community discrimination, social issues have become a critical aspect of the contemporary world, which not only hampers the development of a particular region or community but also the entire nation and its credible image. Writing an essay on social issues will give you a broader picture of this multifaceted concept whose boundaries are not limited to our homes or communities. Below we have discussed some essays on social issues for students at different levels.

Table of Contents

• 1 Essay on Social Issues for 8th Class
• 2 Essay on Social Issues for 10th Class
• 3 Essay on Social Issue for 12th Class

Also Read: Essay on Save Environment

Essay on Social Issues for 8th Class

Social issues like poverty, inequality, human rights violations, etc. represent some of the most challenging obstacles facing humanity today. These are complex problems that require collective action and a holistic approach to achieve satisfying and sustainable solutions.

One of the most common examples of social issues at the school level is bullying. There are several types of bullying ; physical, social, verbal and cyber. The consequences of any of these immoral behaviours can lead to emotional distress, low self-esteem, and even long-term psychological trauma. This is just one of the many examples of social issues which we encounter regularly.

We must understand the effects of bullying and collectively work to fight against this harmful behaviour. Here are some more examples of social issues:

• Mental health issues like anxiety, stress and distress.
• Environmental awareness about harmful human activities.
• Peer pressure leads to engagement in harmful and risky behaviour.

To overcome these and other social challenges, collective efforts with a holistic approach are necessary, where everyone can work together to create a safe and inclusive environment.

Also Read: The Importance of Emotional Well-Being and Mental Health in Academic Success

Essay on Social Issues for 10th Class

High school in India is known as the 10th class, in which students become more aware of the challenges facing society and how these can affect their personal development and the people surrounding them. From issues like bullying to environmental problems, social issues encompass various forms and negatively affect our society. 

• One of the most popular social issues these days is environmental pollution, such as air, noise, water, soil, etc. Thanks to harmful human activities like industrialization, deforestation, and overuse of natural resources and conventional sources of energy, our environmental health is degrading at an unprecedented rate.
• Vehicular emissions, industrial activities, and the burning of fossil fuels contribute significantly to air pollution, cause air pollution and deteriorate the quality of the air we breathe.
• The releasing of industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and improper waste disposal, not only contaminates water bodies but also jeopardizes marine life and human health. 
• The soil on which we produce our food is contaminated by the use of pesticides, industrial waste, and improper disposal of hazardous materials, and also causes adverse effects on agricultural productivity and biodiversity. 

Issues like environmental pollution cannot be solved overnight. To combat environmental pollution, every individual, community and government must consider it as a moral responsibility, where both ecological and economic practices are adopted. Some of the practices to improve environmental health are water conservation, using non-conventional energy sources, recycling, reducing energy consumption, etc.

Essay on Social Issue for 12th Class

Economic inequality, racial abuse, environmental degradation, cyberbullying, human rights violations, etc. are some of the classic examples of social issues. The effects of social issues are not limited to the person facing them, as they can take different shapes. Here are some of the common social issues challenging our society as a whole.

Gender-based violence

This includes domestic violence, sexual assault, and human trafficking, and exploring strategies for preventing violence and supporting survivors. To solve this social issue, we need to promote education and raise awareness about gender equality, healthy relationships, and the importance of consent from an early age.

Global Health Disparities

The unequal access to healthcare services in different regions and communities gives rise to global health disparities. To address this issue, we need to increase access to quality healthcare services, such as primary care, vaccinations, maternal and child health services, and essential medicines, especially in underserved and remote areas. 

Social Media and Mental Health

These days, most of us are active on social media and are connected to it directly or indirectly. A lot of people face traumatizing experiences because of cyberbullying, social comparison, fear of missing out, privacy concerns, etc. To face such modern challenges, we need to implement educational programs for digital well-being and promote alternative options, such as group discussions, physical activities, etc. We must foster positive and supportive online communities that promote kindness and empathy. 

Political Polarization

The diverging attitude of politics, its beliefs and behaviours between individuals or groups can have far-reaching effects on society, influencing various aspects of civic life and community well-being. Political polarization can lead to dilemmas and can hamper the functioning of a society or country as a whole. We need to promote platforms and encourage civil discourse to facilitate open dialogue, active listening, and the exchange of diverse perspectives to encourage mutual understanding and empathy.

Related Articles

Social issues are those problems which affect an individual and society at the same time. Social issues can take any form, from domestic violence to hate crime, gambling or any illicit and illegal activity.

To deal with social issues, we need to implement a holistic approach with collective efforts from everyone, where our goal must be to eradicate a particular social problem. Social issues can be addressed by raising awareness and educating people about them, establishing social support systems and safety nets, and promoting inclusive and equitable practices, etc.

To write an essay on social issues, you need to highlight what social issue means, what are their causes and consequences, and how to address them to achieve sustainable development. You can provide step-by-step information, where different social issues are highlighted with modern solutions.

For more information on such informative topics, visit our essay writing page and follow Leverage Edu .

Shiva Tyagi

With an experience of over a year, I've developed a passion for writing blogs on wide range of topics. I am mostly inspired from topics related to social and environmental fields, where you come up with a positive outcome.

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Samacheer Kalvi 12th English Essay/Paragraph Writing

Students can Download Samacheer Kalvi 12th English Essay/Paragraph Writing, Notes, Samacheer Kalvi 12th English Book Solutions Guide Pdf helps you to revise the complete Tamilnadu State Board New Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations. Get a Practical Study with the help of Samacheer Kalvi 12th English Grammar to make learning language much easy for you and score good grades in exams.

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 12th English Essay/Paragraph Writing

Write an essay in about 150 -200 words on the following:

Education Gives Power

Education provides us knowledge. It trains our mind and sharpens our skills and abilities. Education refines our tastes and temperaments and builds our thought process. Vocational courses help young boys to earn and leam together. They provide means of earning a livelihood and open the route to employment. Professional courses, as is evident from the name itself, equip us for adopting various professions. Some of these highly skilled professionals seek placements or jobs in esteemed companies and business concerns. Thus education is important for our survival.

Decent living is impossible without good income or high salary. Education improves the quality of our life and frees us of superstition, foolish, meaningless mind-blocks and rituals. If women are educated the whole family benefits as the food is hygienically prepared, children are healthy, well-mannered and disciplined. Education gives us power over our environment. We can control the situation and shape our destiny. Education spreads awareness among people and gives them freedom from social ills. It makes people independent by providing them means to earn their living.

They become responsible citizens and realise their rights and duties. In short, education gives one power.

My ambition in life.

Taking a photo or posing for a photo is something that I have always enjoyed even as a small little kid. There’s one thing that gets me to do and excites me. It is photography and that really stands out from all the rest. I always think of going all over the world and take shots of everything worth seeing. I want to stick to photography all the time. I think I will never get tired of it. Even as a kindergartener, I used to admire pictures taken and collect pictures. I always asked my parents to get me a camera. For my 14th birthday, I was gifted an SLR because of my passion for photography.

I know there’s so much I have to leam about photography and I am trying to learn more and more about it. I joined a photography class after my tenth exams. I always used to take part in competitions and win prizes. I think there are many people in my community who are really good at photography and present outstanding photographs regarding nature’s beauty and others. Many of them held photography contests to motivate and encourage new photographers. I now have a craze to do Candid Photography. I know for sure that I can pursue this as a hobby as well as my profession. If you love your job, you will never feel the pressure of working and hence I have decided to become a photographer for my life.

The impact of Computers in the modern world.

Computer technology since 17th Century has infused a high level of implication especially within the latter half of the twentieth century. Computers have distorted contemporary lifestyles. The automobile industry has enhanced its designs to advance comfort and services. Research and technology industries have been able to obtain augmentation in social wellbeing. The leisure industry have also benefited from this. Socially, computers and the internet have improved the communication process in terms of dependability and openness. Statistics proves increased number of users.

The advertisement industry has matured over the years with various promotional channels. Teleconferencing as a means of working has also supported trade growth. Unemployment levels have been checked with the ease of information distribution. Computers have also positively transformed the learning field to enhance the learning process with the inclusion of superior teaching techniques. This has infused variances within classrooms from the conventional teaching forms and learning has become more appealing.

Additionally, distance learning has improved with the internet especially in undergraduate and postgraduate programs. Despite the various benefits accorded to computer technology in the current world setting, various harmful impacts have also been recognized. Malware includes the use of infected programs. Business rivals may tend towards unethical practices. Identity theft is used for criminal practices with the perpetrators concealed on internet application.

Cashing in on the students’ love for ICTbased learning, QR code is imbedded in the latest text books in Tamil Nadu. Students now access lesson related videos and learn easily. In conclusion, computers have both merits and demerits within the current society and efforts should be to reduce the disadvantages for a better world.

The Importance of Newspaper Reading

Newspaper reading is indeed a good habit that can provide a great sense of educational and information about politics, economy, entertainment, sports, business, industry, trade and commerce. This habit will improve your and vocabulary. Many people have habits of reading daily newspapers that their day seems incomplete without taking hold of early morning newspapers. Here are some of the benefits that you can get by reading daily newspapers. They carry the news of the world and you feel you have visited many places reading news about various places.

Reading a newspaper is a good habit and it is already a part of the modem life. This habit will broaden your viewpoint and will augment your information. It makes you well informed and enables you to take part in every conversation pertaining to the world’s contemporary events. Reading newspapers wll improve your nowledge in general and it will be easy for you to relate to other people who often talk about current events and politics. Through newspapers, you will have an apparent thought and perceptive of what is happening in your country and the world around.

Role of Women in Modern India

Today women in India occupy challenging positions. There are women pilots and women serve the armed forces too. There are successful IAS and IPS officers. Kiran Bedi is an example for a successful police officer. There are women chief ministers, M.P.s and M.L.A.s. To add a feather to their cap, Mrs. Indira Gandhi was a successful Prime minister.

Our constitution guarantees equal rights to women. In Tamil Nadu, the right of inheritance has been given to women. Education and employment has been made a basic necessity for women. Though there are many progresses in the lives of women, still the other side of the coin is noteworthy and terrific. Dowry death and Eve teasing still prevails. Female baby is still considered a burden and female infanticide is still in existence. Male chauvinism is hurting women.

Sania Mirza, Kalpana Chawla, Sunitha Williams and many such women add glory to womanhood. Government must give 50% reservations to women in higher education and career choice.

Decision making is a challenge

Decision making is a process that plays a vital role in our daily lives. Some decisions are not very important whereas other imperative decisions, when cautiously carried out, can change the path of our lives. When faced with a crisis, one of the major issues is deciding the right thing. Decision making can be quite complicated and challenging in some cases. It is hence essential to gather as much information from different sources and assess all possible alternatives to the problem or situation at hand before making a decision. Doing so will permit us to land at the best possible result for the problem.

Such decisions can’t be an overnight one. It takes a couple of months to investigate and consult with friends, family and university professors to make a decision. Low cost tuition fee and the course time are also a big influence in taking decisions. An advantage of such decisions can only be an outcome of research and discussion and there is no conflict in that. This significantly decreases the probability of risk in any decision making.

If a decision is made correct and one is quite pleased with the way it is turning out to be then one has crossed all barriers. It is imperative that one makes decisions in consultation with parents opinions and check on other surveys and researches to avoid challenges.

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12th Class (Inter Part-2) English SUNSHINE Helping Book PDF

12th Helping Books Professor Musarrat Hussain 59.9K 11th Jun, 2020 updated at: 11th Jun, 2024

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This book (Sunshine English by Professor Musarrat Hussain | Comprehensive Edition) is for Intermediate (FA/FSC/ICOM/ICS) Part-2 (12th Class). This book was released by Sunshine Publications, Urdu Bazar, Lahore. This book was written by famous author Professor Musarrat Hussain. This book is according to the new syllabus of English for Intermediate Part-2. Note: PDF Size is more than 100MB So, online preview will not work. Read after downloading.

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Guest Essay

I Supervised New York City Judges. Juan Merchan Put On a Master Class in the Trump Trial.

By George Grasso

Mr. Grasso is a retired New York City administrative judge.

I spent almost 13 years as a judge in Brooklyn, Queens and the Bronx. I supervised judges presiding over a wide spectrum of cases, dealing with complex legal issues, angry victims, difficult defendants and intense media scrutiny. The job can at times be thankless and frustrating.

But for all the cases I saw, I never encountered anything remotely as challenging as what Justice Juan Merchan faced in his Manhattan courtroom while presiding over the first criminal trial of a former president. And since Donald Trump was found guilty on 34 counts, Justice Merchan has come under further vicious attack.

As a retiree, I was able to attend each day of the Trump trial. What I saw was a master class in what a judge should be — how one can serve fairly and impartially for the prosecution and the defense, and above all remain a pillar for the rule of law in America.

Since the indictment over the cover-up of hush-money payments was issued last year, Justice Merchan has been subjected to an unrelenting pressure campaign. The defendant, Mr. Trump, and his supporters viciously attacked the judge and his family in deeply personal terms. Most judges strive to maintain their composure under the greatest of stress, but few succeed — yet Justice Merchan remained cool, calm and collected at every step of the trial.

As a supervising judge, I always emphasized the importance of maintaining control to those under my charge. That is how a judge ensures that all defendants — especially the most difficult ones — get a fair trial. That is how everyone is treated with courtesy and how rulings are evenhanded and fair. In this area, Justice Merchan excelled.

He issued a gag order carefully designed to protect witnesses, jurors, prosecutors and court staff, but left himself out of the order. He did this to ensure that the defendant’s right to harshly criticize the proceedings was protected even though he must have known that he would become an even greater target of Mr. Trump’s ire. When Mr. Trump repeatedly violated the order, Justice Merchan bent over backward to avoid sending the defendant to jail, despite a clear legal justification to do so.

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• Published: 11 June 2024

The Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA) and international astronaut biobank

• Eliah G. Overbey   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-2866-8294 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ,
• JangKeun Kim   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8733-9925 1 , 2 ,
• Braden T. Tierney   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-7533-8802 1 , 2 ,
• Jiwoon Park   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0045-1429 1 , 2 ,
• Nadia Houerbi 1 , 2 ,
• Alexander G. Lucaci 1 , 2 ,
• Sebastian Garcia Medina 1 , 2 ,
• Namita Damle 1 ,
• Deena Najjar   ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0009-7950-2866 5 ,
• Kirill Grigorev 1 , 2 ,
• Evan E. Afshin 1 , 2 ,
• Krista A. Ryon 1 ,
• Karolina Sienkiewicz 2 , 6 ,
• Laura Patras 7 , 8 ,
• Remi Klotz   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-2100-0635 9 ,
• Veronica Ortiz 9 ,
• Matthew MacKay 6 ,
• Annalise Schweickart   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9691-3741 2 , 6 ,
• Christopher R. Chin   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-2140-3197 1 ,
• Maria A. Sierra 6 ,
• Matias F. Valenzuela 10 ,
• Ezequiel Dantas   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4934-4632 11 , 12 ,
• Theodore M. Nelson   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-0444 13 ,
• Egle Cekanaviciute   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-3306-1806 14 ,
• Gabriel Deards 6 ,
• Jonathan Foox 1 , 2 ,
• S. Anand Narayanan 15 ,
• Caleb M. Schmidt 16 , 17 , 18 ,
• Michael A. Schmidt 16 , 17 ,
• Julian C. Schmidt 16 , 17 ,
• Sean Mullane 19 ,
• Seth Stravers Tigchelaar 19 ,
• Steven Levitte 19 , 20 ,
• Craig Westover 1 ,
• Chandrima Bhattacharya 6 ,
• Serena Lucotti 7 ,
• Jeremy Wain Hirschberg 1 ,
• Jacqueline Proszynski 1 ,
• Marissa Burke   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-5647-3358 1 ,
• Ashley Kleinman 1 ,
• Daniel J. Butler 1 ,
• Conor Loy 21 ,
• Omary Mzava 21 ,
• Joan Lenz 21 ,
• Doru Paul 22 ,
• Christopher Mozsary 1 ,
• Lauren M. Sanders 14 ,
• Lynn E. Taylor 23 ,
• Chintan O. Patel 24 ,
• Sharib A. Khan 24 ,
• Mir Suhail 24 ,
• Syed G. Byhaqui 24 ,
• Burhan Aslam 24 ,
• Aaron S. Gajadhar 25 ,
• Lucy Williamson 25 ,
• Purvi Tandel 25 ,
• Qiu Yang 25 ,
• Jessica Chu 25 ,
• Ryan W. Benz 25 ,
• Asim Siddiqui 25 ,
• Daniel Hornburg   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-6618-7774 25 ,
• Kelly Blease 26 ,
• Juan Moreno 26 ,
• Andrew Boddicker   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-7957-8283 26 ,
• Junhua Zhao   ORCID: orcid.org/0009-0006-7672-1084 26 ,
• Bryan Lajoie 26 ,
• Ryan T. Scott   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-5661 27 ,
• Rachel R. Gilbert 27 ,
• San-huei Lai Polo 27 ,
• Andrew Altomare 26 ,
• Semyon Kruglyak 26 ,
• Shawn Levy 26 ,
• Ishara Ariyapala 28 ,
• Joanne Beer   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-8583-8467 28 ,
• Bingqing Zhang 28 ,
• Briana M. Hudson 29 ,
• Aric Rininger 29 ,
• Sarah E. Church   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-7194-4282 29 ,
• Afshin Beheshti   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4643-531X 30 , 31 ,
• George M. Church   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6232-9969 32 ,
• Scott M. Smith   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-9313-7900 33 ,
• Brian E. Crucian 33 ,
• Sara R. Zwart   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-8694-0180 34 ,
• Irina Matei   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5712-8430 7 , 12 ,
• David C. Lyden   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0193-4131 7 , 12 ,
• Francine Garrett-Bakelman 35 , 36 ,
• Jan Krumsiek   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4734-3791 1 , 2 , 6 ,
• Qiuying Chen 37 ,
• Dawson Miller 37 ,
• Joe Shuga 38 ,
• Stephen Williams 38 ,
• Corey Nemec   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-6566-1753 38 ,
• Guy Trudel   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-5254-4294 39 , 40 , 41 ,
• Martin Pelchat 42 ,
• Odette Laneuville   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-3124-3892 43 ,
• Iwijn De Vlaminck   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6085-7311 21 ,
• Steven Gross 37 ,
• Kelly L. Bolton 44 ,
• Susan M. Bailey   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-5595-9364 23 , 45 ,
• Richard Granstein 46 ,
• David Furman   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-3654-9519 10 , 47 , 48 , 49 ,
• Ari M. Melnick   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8074-2287 12 , 22 ,
• Sylvain V. Costes   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8542-2389 14 ,
• Bader Shirah   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6493-2155 50 ,
• Anil S. Menon   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-6886-3553 34 ,
• Jaime Mateus 19 ,
• Cem Meydan   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-0663-6216 1 , 2 , 22 &
• Christopher E. Mason   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-1850-1642 1 , 2 , 3 , 51 , 52  

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• Medical research
• Molecular biology

Spaceflight induces molecular, cellular, and physiological shifts in astronauts and poses myriad biomedical challenges to the human body, which are becoming increasingly relevant as more humans venture into space 1-6 . Yet, current frameworks for aerospace medicine are nascent and lag far behind advancements in precision medicine on Earth, underscoring the need for rapid development of space medicine databases, tools, and protocols. Here, we present the Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA), an integrated data and sample repository for clinical, cellular, and multi-omic research profiles from a diverse range of missions, including the NASA Twins Study 7 , JAXA CFE study 8,9 , SpaceX Inspiration4 crew 10-12 , plus Axiom and Polaris. The SOMA resource represents a >10-fold increase in publicly available human space omics data, with matched samples available from the Cornell Aerospace Medicine Biobank. The Atlas includes extensive molecular and physiological profiles encompassing genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiome data sets, which reveal some consistent features across missions, including cytokine shifts, telomere elongation, and gene expression changes, as well as mission-specific molecular responses and links to orthologous, tissue-specific murine data sets. Leveraging the datasets, tools, and resources in SOMA can help accelerate precision aerospace medicine, bringing needed health monitoring, risk mitigation, and countermeasures data for upcoming lunar, Mars, and exploration-class missions.

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A Second Space Age Spanning Omics, Platforms, and Medicine Across Orbits

Single-cell multi-ome and immune profiles of the Inspiration4 crew reveal conserved, cell-type, and sex-specific responses to spaceflight

Collection of biospecimens from the inspiration4 mission establishes the standards for the space omics and medical atlas (SOMA)

Author information, authors and affiliations.

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Eliah G. Overbey, JangKeun Kim, Braden T. Tierney, Jiwoon Park, Nadia Houerbi, Alexander G. Lucaci, Sebastian Garcia Medina, Namita Damle, Kirill Grigorev, Evan E. Afshin, Krista A. Ryon, Christopher R. Chin, Jonathan Foox, Craig Westover, Jeremy Wain Hirschberg, Jacqueline Proszynski, Marissa Burke, Ashley Kleinman, Daniel J. Butler, Christopher Mozsary, Jan Krumsiek, Cem Meydan & Christopher E. Mason

The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Eliah G. Overbey, JangKeun Kim, Braden T. Tierney, Jiwoon Park, Nadia Houerbi, Alexander G. Lucaci, Sebastian Garcia Medina, Kirill Grigorev, Evan E. Afshin, Karolina Sienkiewicz, Annalise Schweickart, Jonathan Foox, Jan Krumsiek, Cem Meydan & Christopher E. Mason

BioAstra, Inc, New York, NY, USA

Eliah G. Overbey & Christopher E. Mason

Center for STEM, University of Austin, Austin, TX, USA

Eliah G. Overbey

Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA

Deena Najjar

Tri-Institutional Biology and Medicine program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Karolina Sienkiewicz, Matthew MacKay, Annalise Schweickart, Maria A. Sierra, Gabriel Deards, Chandrima Bhattacharya & Jan Krumsiek

Children’s Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children’s Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Laura Patras, Serena Lucotti, Irina Matei & David C. Lyden

Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Laura Patras

Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Remi Klotz, Veronica Ortiz & Min Yu

Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA

Matias F. Valenzuela & David Furman

Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Ezequiel Dantas

Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Ezequiel Dantas, Irina Matei, David C. Lyden & Ari M. Melnick

Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

Theodore M. Nelson

Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA

Egle Cekanaviciute, Lauren M. Sanders & Sylvain V. Costes

Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA

S. Anand Narayanan

Sovaris Aerospace, Boulder, Colorado, USA

Caleb M. Schmidt, Michael A. Schmidt & Julian C. Schmidt

Advanced Pattern Analysis and Human Performance Group, Boulder, Colorado, USA

Department of Systems Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA

Caleb M. Schmidt

Space Exploration Technologies Corporation (SpaceX), Hawthorne, CA, USA

Sean Mullane, Seth Stravers Tigchelaar, Steven Levitte & Jaime Mateus

Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA

Steven Levitte

Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

Conor Loy, Omary Mzava, Joan Lenz & Iwijn De Vlaminck

Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Doru Paul, Ari M. Melnick & Cem Meydan

Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA

Lynn E. Taylor & Susan M. Bailey

TrialX Inc., New York, NY, USA

Chintan O. Patel, Sharib A. Khan, Mir Suhail, Syed G. Byhaqui & Burhan Aslam

Seer, Inc., Redwood City, CA, USA

Aaron S. Gajadhar, Lucy Williamson, Purvi Tandel, Qiu Yang, Jessica Chu, Ryan W. Benz, Asim Siddiqui & Daniel Hornburg

Element Biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA

Kelly Blease, Juan Moreno, Andrew Boddicker, Junhua Zhao, Bryan Lajoie, Andrew Altomare, Semyon Kruglyak & Shawn Levy

KBR; Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA

Ryan T. Scott, Rachel R. Gilbert & San-huei Lai Polo

Alamar Biosciences, Inc, 47071 Bayside Parkway, Fremont, CA, USA

Ishara Ariyapala, Joanne Beer & Bingqing Zhang

NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA, USA

Briana M. Hudson, Aric Rininger & Sarah E. Church

Blue Marble Space Institute of Science; Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA

• Afshin Beheshti

Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA

Harvard Medical School and the Wyss Institute, Boston, MA, USA

George M. Church

National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, Human Health and Performance Directorate, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Houston, TX, USA

Scott M. Smith & Brian E. Crucian

University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA

Sara R. Zwart & Anil S. Menon

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

Francine Garrett-Bakelman

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Qiuying Chen, Dawson Miller & Steven Gross

10x Genomics, Pleasanton, CA, USA

Joe Shuga, Stephen Williams & Corey Nemec

Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Department of Medicine, Division of Physiatry, The Ottawa Hospital, Room 2505G, 505 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Room 1321, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Roger Guindon Hall, Room 4111A, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

Martin Pelchat

Department of Biology, Gendron Hall Room 3-372, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

Odette Laneuville

Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA

Kelly L. Bolton

Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA

Susan M. Bailey

Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Richard Granstein

Cosmica Biosciences Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA

David Furman

Stanford 1000 Immunomes Project, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

Institute for Research in Translational Medicine, Universidad Austral, CONICET, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Department of Neuroscience, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Bader Shirah

The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, USA

Christopher E. Mason

WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Eliah G. Overbey , Cem Meydan or Christopher E. Mason .

Supplementary information

Supplementary information.

This file contains Supplementary Figures 1-3, Supplementary Tables 4 and 9, Supplementary Note 1 and additional references.

Reporting Summary

Supplementary table 1.

Sample Information. Comprehensive list of samples collected from each crew member, at each timepoint, for each assay. Tab 1 is an overview of which samples are present at each timepoint. Tab 2 is an itemized list of each sample, including the number of sequenced DNA/RNA molecules for sequencing assays.

Supplementary Table 2

OSDR Studies. Comprehensive list of prior studies in OSDR for previous assays on human, metagenomic, and metatranscriptomic samples.

Supplementary Table 3

Sequencing and Mass Spectrometry Stats Tables. Sequencing and mass spectrometry statistics for multiome, TCR, BCR, cfRNA, dRNA, and proteomics assays.

Supplementary Table 5

cfRNA Calculations. Tissue of origin analysis from cfRNA sequencing. Tab 1 contains fractions of cell type specific RNA enrichment. Tab 2 contains comparisons between timepoints.

Supplementary Table 6

Recovery Profile Pathways. Overrepresented KEGG pathways during recovery from spaceflight in PBMCs. Tabs are split for CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, CD14+ monocyte and CD16+ monocytes.

Supplementary Table 7

Metagenome and Metatranscriptome CVs. Species-level CV calculations across crew members for metagenomic and metatranscriptomic samples from oral, nasal, and skin swab samples.

Supplementary Table 8

Human Omics CVs. Gene/analyte-level CV calculations across crew members for NULISAseq, EVP proteomic, plasma proteomic, metabolomic, dRNA-seq and short read RNA-seq assays. GSEA pathway enrichment is calculated for pre-flight, post-flight (R+1), and recovery time intervals.

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Overbey, E.G., Kim, J., Tierney, B.T. et al. The Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA) and international astronaut biobank. Nature (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07639-y

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07639-y

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Former Texas Football Star Accuses Urban Meyer of 'Pay for Play'

Matt galatzan | jun 14, 2024.

• Texas Longhorns

In the 2000 recruiting class, the Texas Longhorns landed one of the best wide receiver classes in program history, and perhaps even college football history, when they signed Roy Williams, Sloan Thomas, and B.J. Johnson.

The trio would go on to set Texas records before also moving on to the NFL , cementing their status and forever linking them together as three of the best receivers to ever do it in Austin.

However, the Longhorns had to fight off some serious competition to land the three star pass catchers. And as Johnson revealed in a recent podcast interview with On Texas Football , he revealed a crazy story about then Notre Dame wide receivers coach, Urban Meyer, in which he accuses the now national-championship winning coach of a pay-for-play offer to sign with the Irish.

"Hell, Urban Meyer locked me in an office in my school, and no bullsh*t, asked me straight up," Johnson said during the interview. "He was like, 'BJ. How much?' And this was when he was at Notre Dame at the time. And, it caught me off guard because I just thought we (were) talking football. And he was like, ‘Nah, how much?' So, it's been going on."

"That's the unfortunate part about this. Think about the guys who didn't get the chance to have a career because they decided to take some money. Now you look up now and guys are making a couple million dollars, and you're like, 'I still don't have a degree, because you wouldn't let me play football.'"

Obviously, Meyer's plea didn't work, and Johnson ended up in Austin, where he would go on to haul in 152 catches for 2,389 yards and 16 touchdowns, averaging 15.7 yards per reception.

What makes that even sweeter for Texas, is that, according to Johnson they were able to bring him in on their own merit, without offering the same kind of deal that he alleges Meyer to have offered.

"In all honesty, I never got offered anything from UT," Johnson said. "Coach (Mack) Brown was a straight-up guy."

MATT GALATZAN

Matt Galatzan is the Publisher of LonghornsCountry.com, AllAggies.com, and the Managing Editor of BuckeyesNow.com and TheGroveReport.com He is also the Editor-In-Chief of RamDigest.com and TexansDaily.com. Galatzan graduated from the University of Mississippi, where he studied integrated marketing communications, with minors in journalism and business administration.  Galatzan started in the sports journalism industry under Mike Fisher at DallasBasketball.com in 2014, which at the time was part of the 247Sports network. He also spent two years covering the SMU Mustangs for PonyStampede.com on the 247Sports network.  When DallasBasketball.com and CowboysCountry.com moved over to Sports Illustrated's Fan Nation network in 2020, Galatzan followed suit, eventually being taking over as the Managing Editor and Publisher of LonghornsCountry.com and AllAggies.com a year later.  Through the years, Galatzan has conducted a handful of high-profile one-on-one interviews to add to his resume — in both writing and podcasting. Some of his biggest interviews have been with Mavs owner Mark Cuban, former Longhorns players Dan Neil and Phil Dawson, and many other recruits, and current/former players for each of the teams he has covered.  Galatzan is also a full-time employee in the digital media department for Audacy and KRLD FM's 105.3 The Fan in Dallas, which is the official radio home of the Dallas Cowboys.  You can find Galatzan on all major social media channels, including Twitter on @MattGalatzan For any inquiries, please email [email protected]

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