mars research group

Recent Publications

Vikram Narayanan, Claudio Carvalho * , Angelo Ruocco * , Gheorghe Almási * , James Bottomley * , Mengmei Ye * , Tobin Feldman-Fitzthum * , Daniele Buono * , Hubertus Franke * , and Anton Burtsev. ( * IBM Research) Remote attestation of confidential VMs using ephemeral vTPMs . In Proceedings of the 39th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC 2023) , December 2023.

Xiangdong Chen, Zhaofeng Li, Lukas Mesicek, Vikram Narayanan and Anton Burtsev. Atmosphere: Towards Practical Verified Kernels in Rust . In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Kernel Isolation, Safety and Verification (KISV 2023) , October 2023.

Arthur Lafrance (University of California, Irvine), David Detweiler (University of California, Irvine), Zhaofeng Li, Xiangdong Chen, Vikram Narayanan and Anton Burtsev. Extending Rust with Support for Zero Copy Communication . In Proceedings of the 12th Workshop on Programming Languages and Operating Systems (PLOS 2023) , October 2023.

Anton Burtsev, Vikram Narayanan, Yongzhe Huang, Kaiming Huang, Gang Tan, and Trent Jaeger. Evolving Operating System Kernels Towards Secure Kernel-Driver Interfaces . In Proceedings of the 19th Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems (HOTOS ‘23) . June 2023.

Vikram Narayanan and Anton Burtsev. The Opportunities and Limitations of Extended Page Table Switching for Fine-Grained Isolation . In IEEE Security & Privacy Magazine vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 16-26 , May-June 2023.

Vikram Narayanan, David Detweiler, Tianjiao Huang, and Anton Burtsev. DRAMHiT: A Hash Table architected for the Speed of DRAM . In Proceedings of the 18th European Conference on Computer Systems (EuroSys ‘23) , May 2023.

Yongzhe Huang, Vikram Narayanan, David Detweiler, Kaiming Huang, Gang Tan, Trent Jaeger, and Anton Burtsev. KSplit: Automating Device Driver Isolation . In 16th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI ‘22) , July 2022.

Zhaofeng Li, Tianjiao Huang, Vikram Narayanan and Anton Burtsev (University of California, Irvine). Understanding the Overheads of Hardware and Language-Based IPC Mechanisms . In Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on Programming Languages and Operating Systems (PLOS 2021) , October 2021.

Anton Burtsev, Dan Appel, David Detweiler, Tianjiao Huang, Zhaofeng Li, Vikram Narayanan (University of California, Irvine) and Gerd Zellweger (VMware Research). Isolation in Rust: What is Missing? . In Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on Programming Languages and Operating Systems (PLOS 2021) , October 2021.

Vikram Narayanan, Tianjiao Huang, David Detweiler, Dan Appel, Zhaofeng Li, Gerd Zellweger, Anton Burtsev. RedLeaf: Isolation and Communication in a Safe Operating System . In 14th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI) , November 2020.

Vikram Narayanan, Yongzhe Huang, Gang Tan, Trent Jaeger, and Anton Burtsev. Lightweight Kernel Isolation with Virtualization and VM Functions . In Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments (VEE 20) , March 2020. [Best Paper Award]

Vikram Narayanan, Abhiram Balasubramanian, Charlie Jacobsen, Sarah Spall, Scott Bauer, Michael Quigley, Aftab Hussain, Abdullah Younis, Junjie Shen, Moinak Bhattacharyya, and Anton Burtsev. LXDs: Towards Isolation of Kernel Subsystems . In 2019 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 19) , July 2019.

Vikram Narayanan (University of California, Irvine), Marek S. Baranowski (University of Utah), Leonid Ryzhyk (VMware Research), Zvonimir Rakamarić (University of Utah), Anton Burtsev (University of California, Irvine). RedLeaf: Towards An Operating System for Safe and Verified Firmware . In Proceedings of the 17th Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems (HotOS) , May 2019.

Briony Horgan

Planetary Surface Processes Research Group

Purdue University

Briony Horgan, PhD Professor [email protected] (765) 496-2290 CV (updated June 2024)

Purdue University Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907

Welcome to the Horgan Research Group!

Our group seeks to understand the surface geology of Mars, the Moon, and the Earth through satellite remote sensing, rover missions, field work, and lab work. There are research opportunities in our lab for motivated graduate and undergraduate students. Please email me for more information about potential research topics and projects. Our group welcomes students and researchers regardless of race, religion, gender identification, sexual orientation, age, or disability status. We abide by and strongly support the EAPS Code of Conduct .

Horgan group out in the world! (Left) Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 2023. (Right) Ultimate Mars 2020 Landing Site Workshop, 2018. Jazzed for Jezero!

Posing on palagonite (and moody album cover version) in Red Mountain, San Francisco Volcanic Field, AZ, during the March 2019 EAPS field trip. Left to right: Brad Garczynski (PhD student), Marie McBride (PhD student), Amanda Rudolph (PhD student), James Haber (PhD student), Bryan Howl (undergrad RA), Prakhar Sinha (PhD student), Briony Horgan, Noel Scudder (PhD student).

Choose your weapon! August 2016 during fieldwork studying glacial weathering on the Three Sisters volcanic complex. Left to right, top row: Liz Rampe (NASA/JSC), Allie Rutledge (postdoc), Briony Horgan, Marie McBride (PhD student), Sheridan Ackiss (PhD student). Bottom row: Becky Smith (postdoc), Noel Scudder (PhD student).

• Congratulations to PhD student Margaret Deahn for winning a Zonta International Amelia Earhart Graduate Fellowship!
• Congratulations to our 2023 graduates - Amanda Rudolph, Brad Garczynski, James Haber, Kirtee Ramo, and Noel Scudder!
• Congratulations to Postdoc Lingqi Zeng for his successful NASA Mars Data Analysis Program proposal!

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space science faculty

Mars Science - Space Science Faculty

Mars science research at esa.

The ESA Science community at ESAC and ESTEC works collectively on various international research projects related to planet Mars, taking advantage of the sinergies between Mars Express , ExoMars , Mars Sample Return  and other Mars missions and studies. Current activities cover a wide range of scientific topics from Martial geology (interior, subsurface and surface), Martian atmosphere (clouds, dust storms, trace gases, ionosphere, ...), interaction of the Martian magnetosphere with the Solar wind and finally both Martian moons (Phobos and Deimos).

The main goal is to support the international Mars science community through research collaborations with various external institutions, in support of the current missions and preparations for future missions to Mars, led by ESA and/or other international agencies (NASA, Roscosmos, JAXA, CNSA, UAE ...).  

Science Collaborations:

Current international collaborations and research projects include:

 - Mars-Express and ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter coordinated observations (BIRA, Latmos, IKI, ISSI, DLR, etc..) 

 - Mars Radio Science mutual occultation science and data processing (TU Deft, Imperial College, Univ. Trieste)

 - Mars Wind and Wave Mapping (IA Lisbon, VLT, IAA, DLR Berlin, ...)

 - Mars ionospheric and magnetospheric studies in comparison with other solar system bodies (Leicester Univ., ...)

 - Phobos landing site working group and moon lander mission studies (George Mason Univ., ...)

 - VMC Scientific Exploitation (EHU-UPV)

 - HRSC High Level Data processing (DLR, FU Berlin)

 - MARSIS High Level Data processing (Leicester Univ., INAF)

 - SPICAM High Level Data processing (LATMOS)

 - ASPERA High Level Data processing (IRF)

 - ...

International Workshops and Conferences:

- Planet Mars V , Les Houches, 24-29 April 2022

- European General Assembly , Vienna, 23–27 May 2022

- Mars Atmospheric Modeling and Observations , Paris, 1-17 June 2022

- EuroPlanet Science Congress , Granada, 18-23 September 2022

ESA Mars science community:

The ESA Mars science community is largely based on the Research Fellows at ESAC and ESTEC, in collaboration with Science Operations Teams and Project Scientists :

• Research Fellows: Guillaume Cruz Mermy (ESAC),  Eleni Bohacek ,  Lisanne Braat , Sara Boazman ,  Elena Favaro (ESTEC)
• Mars Express and ExoMars science operations centres: Alejandro Cardesin, Lucie Riu , Patrick Martin , Bernhard Geiger, Michel Breitfellner, Emmanuel Grotheer, ... (ESAC)
• Project Scientists:  Elliot Sefton-Nash, Olivier Witasse , Colin Wilson, Jorge Vago, ... (ESTEC) + Håkan Svedhem, Dmitri Titov (retired)
• Human and Robotic Exploration (HRE)   Future Mars Studies Team: Claire Parfitt,   Csilla Orgel , Daniel Paardekooper, Sanjay Vijendran, ... (ESTEC)
• Mars Sample Return (MSR) team: Aurore Hutzler, Fiona Thiessen, Gerhard Kminek, ... (ESTEC)

Recent publications:

See below a short list of the main publications within the Martian group at ESA in the past years. A more complete list can be found in  ADS Mars Research Group Publications.  

This page is maintained by  Alejandro Cardesin  &  Lucie Riu  (ESAC) and  Elliot Sefton-Nash  & Eleni Bohacek (ESTEC).

Please contact us for any question regarding Mars research at both sites.

• Ask An Astrobiologist
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Search for Life Science Analysis Group Seeks Representation

The mars exploration program analysis group (mepag) and the nasa astrobiology program have chartered the search for life science analysis group (sfl-sag)..

The Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group ( MEPAG ) and the NASA Astrobiology program have chartered the Search for Life Science Analysis Group ( SFL - SAG ). The purpose of the SFL - SAG is to refine the recommendation for a ‘Search for Life’ mission in the 2023-2032 Planetary Science Decadal Survey by narrowing down the type of environment to which the SFL mission will be delivered, identifying the specific science and technology needs for a mission to that location, and identifying those mission elements that will offer the most conclusive answers, for a mission of this class, to the question of ‘Are we alone?’. The SFL - SAG charter contains further details about the purpose, scope, approach and deliverables of the SAG .

Applications are encouraged from candidates whose primary expertise is not based in Mars research, and applicants from all career levels.

Self-nominations for participation on SFL - SAG are being solicited through June 26, 2024, with selections occurring soon thereafter. The anticipated period of SAG activities will be July 2024-March 2025. Applicants should anticipate a regular meeting cadence during this period, with meetings done chiefly by Microsoft Teams or Zoom, and communications by email.

Click here to Apply

Applications should be uploaded at the Google Form link above in PDF or DOC file format by 5pm PDT on June 26, 2024.

Applicants are asked to submit their CV of no more than 2 pages, and a cover letter of no more than 2 pages (as a single, combined document), indicating interest in SFL - SAG participation, and touching upon those evaluation elements listed in the SFL - SAG Charter under ‘Methods/SAG Member Selection’ and listed on the application website. As we seek a balance of experiences and expertise, selection to the SAG does not require knowledge of, or experience in, all evaluation elements. Applications are encouraged from candidates whose primary expertise is not based in Mars research, and applicants from all career levels.

If you have questions, or difficulty uploading your application, please contact Jonathan Bapst at: jonathan.bapst [at] jpl.nasa.gov.

INTERNATIONAL MARS EXPLORATION WORKING GROUP (IMEWG)

Joining together in the peaceful exploration of Mars

The International Mars Exploration Working Group (IMEWG) is a coalition of space agencies and institutions around the world that seeks to advance our collective human and robotic future on Mars by:

• Educating each other about ongoing Martian exploration efforts from around the world.
• Providing  a forum for the coordination of Mars exploration missions.
• Examining the possibilities for next steps beyond currently defined Mars missions.

By working together on strategic Mars initiatives of mutual interest, IMEWG members can share knowledge, costs, risks, opportunities and benefits for humankind.

Phobos silhouetted against Mars. Copyright: ISRO/PSLV-C25/Mars Orbiter Mission

Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

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Nasa exploring alternative mars sample return methods.

Abbey A. Donaldson

Nasa headquarters.

Editor’s note: This release was updated June 10, 2024, to change the location of Blue Origin.

NASA is moving forward with 10 studies to examine more affordable and faster methods of bringing samples from Mars’ surface back to Earth as part of the agency’s Mars Sample Return Program. As part of this effort, NASA will award a firm-fixed-price contract for up to $1.5 million to conduct 90-day studies to seven industry proposers.

Additionally, NASA centers, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, and Johns Hopkins’ Applied Physics Laboratory are producing studies. Once completed, NASA will assess all studies to consider alterations or enhancements to the Mars Sample Return architecture.

“Mars Sample Return will be one of the most complex missions NASA has undertaken, and it is critical that we carry it out more quickly, with less risk, and at a lower cost,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. “I’m excited to see the vision that these companies, centers and partners present as we look for fresh, exciting, and innovative ideas to uncover great cosmic secrets from the Red Planet.”

Over the last quarter century, NASA has engaged in a systematic effort to determine the early history of Mars and how it can help us understand the formation and evolution of habitable worlds, including Earth. As part of that effort, Mars Sample Return has been a long-term goal of international planetary exploration for the past two decades. NASA’s Perseverance rover has been collecting samples for later collection and return to Earth since it landed on Mars in 2021.

The following companies and proposals were selected from among those that responded to an April 15 request for proposals:

• Lockheed Martinin Littleton, Colorado: “Lockheed Martin Rapid Mission Design Studies for Mars Sample Return”
• SpaceX in Hawthorne, California: “Enabling Mars Sample Return With Starship”
• Aerojet Rocketdyne in Huntsville, Alabama: “A High-Performance Liquid Mars Ascent Vehicle, Using Highly Reliable and Mature Propulsion Technologies, to Improve Program Affordability and Schedule”
• Blue Origin in Kent, Washington: “Leveraging Artemis for Mars Sample Return”
• Quantum Space, in Rockville, Maryland: “Quantum Anchor Leg Mars Sample Return Study”
• Northrop Grumman in Elkton, Maryland: “High TRL MAV Propulsion Trades and Concept Design for MSR Rapid Mission Design”
• Whittinghill Aerospace in Camarillo, California: “A Rapid Design Study for the MSR Single Stage Mars Ascent Vehicle”

NASA’s Mars Sample Return is a strategic partnership with ESA (the European Space Agency). Returning scientifically selected samples to Earth for study using the most sophisticated instruments around the world can revolutionize our understanding of Mars and would fulfill one of the highest priority solar system exploration goals as identified by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine.

For more information on Mars Sample Return, visit:

https://science.nasa.gov/mission/mars-sample-return/

Dewayne Washington Headquarters, Washington 202-358-1600 [email protected]

BY Joshua Luka Vincent  Andreas 

This is a website about the planet Mars. It has interesting and amazing facts that will leave you astonished. 

By Vincent, Joshua, Luka & Andy

GUESS THE PLANET

Can you guess this planet? Sometimes this spatial body is called the red planet because of its rusty iron on the surface. 

This planet is made from iron, nickel, sulfur and sand.  The surface of this planet is rocky, with canyons and volcanoes just like earth!  This planet also has a very thin atmosphere made of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argon. Can you guess this planet? 

It's MARS!!!  

The red planet mars has two moons which were both discovered in 1877 by Asaph Hall.

Phobos:  Phobos orbits mars three times a day and is larger moon that orbits mars. Also, Phobos orbits very close to mars being so close that sometimes it is less than 2 kilometres away every 100 yrs.

Deimos: Deimos is much smaller than Phobos in size. Deimos orbits slower than Phobos because of its distance from Mars.

Like all of the planets in our solar the moons of Mars also have the same names as Greek gods.

 What is Mars made of?

Mars has a dense core at its center between 1497km and 2092km in radius. It's made from iron, nickel, and sulphur. Surrounding the core is a rocky mantle between

1,240 to 1,880 kilometres thick, and above that, a crust made of iron, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, and potassium. This crust is between 10 to 50 kilometres deep.

Mars has a very thin atmosphere made out of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argon. 

In mars day is actually called sol (Solar Day). One day or one sol on Mars isn't that different to Earth with it being exactly 39.35 minutes longer than earth. 

Mars is further away to the sun, so it takes much longer to orbit the sun compared to Earth with it taking 687/ 1.9 years days to complete a full orbit. 

Did you know? technically there are no months on Mars due to there being no proper orbiting moon on the planet. But there are many calendars that suggest there are months on Mars but none of them are commonly used. 

Mars takes almost twice as long to orbit the sun with it taking it 687 days. 

Mars is about 150 million km away from the sun.  

How big is Mars?

Mars radius is approximately 2,106.1 miles (3,389.5 km). 

And earth's radius is 3,958.8 miles and that's a difference of 1852.7 miles, which means earth is bigger! 

Amazing Facts

-Mars is home to the largest volcano in the solar system . It's three times taller than Earth's Mt. Everest with a base the size of the state of New Mexico.

-A little fun fact did you know that if a person wanted to go to mars from earth, it will take them approximately take them 7 months. (480 million km/kilometers)

The Mars Rover

On July 4th, 1997, Sojourner/pathfinder arrived onto mars with the goal of researching Mars and trying to find whether or not us human beings can live on mars.  After much research on Mars scientists have deducted that there may have been water. This discovery gives hope to humans that we are not the only ones in space.

-Now let's talk about how long mars days and earth days in the seasons is! 

Around 93 earth days  

Around 194 mars days 

Around 93 earth days 

178 mars day

142 Mars days

Mars origin

Mars is named after the roman god of war. This is because of the red blood app earance.   In G reek mythology Mars can be called Ares the god of war. 

Research Programs

• Physics of the Cosmos
• Cosmic Origins
• Exoplanet Exploration
• HWO/ formerly GOMAP
• Pioneers Program
• ROSES  

The Unique Burial of a Child of Early Scythian Time at the Cemetery of Saryg-Bulun (Tuva)

<< Previous page

Pages:  379-406

In 1988, the Tuvan Archaeological Expedition (led by M. E. Kilunovskaya and V. A. Semenov) discovered a unique burial of the early Iron Age at Saryg-Bulun in Central Tuva. There are two burial mounds of the Aldy-Bel culture dated by 7th century BC. Within the barrows, which adjoined one another, forming a figure-of-eight, there were discovered 7 burials, from which a representative collection of artifacts was recovered. Burial 5 was the most unique, it was found in a coffin made of a larch trunk, with a tightly closed lid. Due to the preservative properties of larch and lack of air access, the coffin contained a well-preserved mummy of a child with an accompanying set of grave goods. The interred individual retained the skin on his face and had a leather headdress painted with red pigment and a coat, sewn from jerboa fur. The coat was belted with a leather belt with bronze ornaments and buckles. Besides that, a leather quiver with arrows with the shafts decorated with painted ornaments, fully preserved battle pick and a bow were buried in the coffin. Unexpectedly, the full-genomic analysis, showed that the individual was female. This fact opens a new aspect in the study of the social history of the Scythian society and perhaps brings us back to the myth of the Amazons, discussed by Herodotus. Of course, this discovery is unique in its preservation for the Scythian culture of Tuva and requires careful study and conservation.

Keywords: Tuva, Early Iron Age, early Scythian period, Aldy-Bel culture, barrow, burial in the coffin, mummy, full genome sequencing, aDNA

Information about authors: Marina Kilunovskaya (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Vladimir Semenov (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Candidate of Historical Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] Varvara Busova  (Moscow, Russian Federation).  (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation). Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences.  Dvortsovaya Emb., 18, Saint Petersburg, 191186, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Kharis Mustafin  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Technical Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Irina Alborova  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Candidate of Biological Sciences. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected] Alina Matzvai  (Moscow, Russian Federation). Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.  Institutsky Lane, 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701, Moscow Oblast, Russian Federation E-mail:  [email protected]

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635th Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment

635-й зенитно-ракетный полк

Military Unit: 86646

Activated 1953 in Stepanshchino, Moscow Oblast - initially as the 1945th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment for Special Use and from 1955 as the 635th Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment for Special Use.

1953 to 1984 equipped with 60 S-25 (SA-1) launchers:

• Launch area: 55 15 43N, 38 32 13E (US designation: Moscow SAM site E14-1)
• Support area: 55 16 50N, 38 32 28E
• Guidance area: 55 16 31N, 38 30 38E

1984 converted to the S-300PT (SA-10) with three independent battalions:

• 1st independent Anti-Aircraft Missile Battalion (Bessonovo, Moscow Oblast) - 55 09 34N, 38 22 26E
• 2nd independent Anti-Aircraft Missile Battalion and HQ (Stepanshchino, Moscow Oblast) - 55 15 31N, 38 32 23E
• 3rd independent Anti-Aircraft Missile Battalion (Shcherbovo, Moscow Oblast) - 55 22 32N, 38 43 33E

Disbanded 1.5.98.

Subordination:

• 1st Special Air Defence Corps , 1953 - 1.6.88
• 86th Air Defence Division , 1.6.88 - 1.10.94
• 86th Air Defence Brigade , 1.10.94 - 1.10.95
• 86th Air Defence Division , 1.10.95 - 1.5.98

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CORPORATE OFFICE / FOCUS GROUP FACILITY 550 West Cypress Creek Road, Suite 170 Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33309

Where to Find Us

FROM FORT LAUDERDALE AIRPORT ….. 12 Miles: Take I-595 West to I-95 North to Cypress Creek Road. Exit West on Cypress Creek and go to NW 6th Way (past Andrews Avenue). Turn left on 6th Way and go to stop sign. Turn left and follow road around to the 2nd building on the left. Mars Research is on the 1st Floor, Suite 170.

FROM PALM BEACH AIRPORT …… 35 Miles: Take I-95 South to Cypress Creek Road. Exit West on Cypress Creek and go to NW 6th Way (past Andrews Avenue). Turn left on 6th Way and go to stop sign. Turn left and follow road around to the 2nd building on the left. Mars Research is on the 1st Floor, Suite 170.

FROM MIAMI AIRPORT …… 30 Miles: Take I-95 North to Cypress Creek Road. Exit West on Cypress Creek and go to NW 6th Way (past Andrews Avenue). Turn left on 6th Way and go to stop sign. Turn left and follow road around to the 2nd building on the left. Mars Research is on the 1st Floor, Suite 170.

Area Hotels

555 West Cypress Creek Road Fort Lauderdale, Florida 954-772-5400 |  Reservations

400 Corporate Drive Fort Lauderdale, Florida 954-772-1331 | Reservations

6650 North Andrews Avenue Fort Lauderdale, Florida 954-772-2554|  Reservations

720 East Cypress Creek Road Fort Lauderdale, Florida 954-776-7677 | Reservations

3030 Holiday Drive Fort Lauderdale, Florida 954-525-4000 | Reservations

2440 W Cypress Creek Rd Fort Lauderdale, FL 954-772-7770 | Reservations

1 North Fort Lauderdale Beach Boulevard Fort Lauderdale, Florida 954-465-2300 | Reservations

505 North Fort Lauderdale Beach Boulevard Fort Lauderdale, FL 954-414-2222 | Reservations

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The efficacy of the smartphone app for the self-management of low back pain: a systematic review and assessment of their quality through the mobile application rating scale (mars) in italy.

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Scala, L.; Giglioni, G.; Bertazzoni, L.; Bonetti, F. The Efficacy of the Smartphone App for the Self-Management of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Assessment of Their Quality through the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) in Italy. Life 2024 , 14 , 760. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060760

Scala L, Giglioni G, Bertazzoni L, Bonetti F. The Efficacy of the Smartphone App for the Self-Management of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Assessment of Their Quality through the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) in Italy. Life . 2024; 14(6):760. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060760

Scala, Luca, Gloria Giglioni, Luca Bertazzoni, and Francesca Bonetti. 2024. "The Efficacy of the Smartphone App for the Self-Management of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Assessment of Their Quality through the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) in Italy" Life 14, no. 6: 760. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060760

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