how to make defence presentation

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How to Start a Thesis Defense Presentation

After months and years of hard work, the moment to wrap things all up is finally here—your thesis defense presentation.

Whether you’re pursuing a master’s degree or doctorate, it’s the final step to that much-deserved achievement. 

A thesis defense requires a lot of prior research and preparation. And as important as its content is, so is how you present it because a stunning design with clear data and text hierarchy plays an immense role in comprehension.

In this article, we’ll explore how you make your thesis defense .

The organization is the key to success. Establishing some previous steps before any project or work is essential for the result to be very positive. And the defense of a thesis could not be less. 

Below, we will develop all the necessary steps to make a thesis defense presentation and we will give you some tips on how to carry them out.

How to Make an Amazing Presentation

Defining the concept of your thesis presentation, structuring your thesis defense presentation, how do you welcome the audience, tell them why you did this thesis, go into the content by explaining your thesis part by part, how to end the defense of the thesis.

After a long time of research and study, the content of your thesis is ready. Now, you have to find the best way to reflect all that effort behind your work. The information comes across more clearly if you use a visual format, as it attracts the attention of the audience. To present your thesis information in a clear, concise, and ultimately amazing way, you can use one of our unique thesis defense templates , available at Slidesgo.

As an example, in this article, we are going to use the Ecology Thesis template . With it, we will show you what to include in your presentation and how to make an attractive design.

After choosing the Google Slides and PowerPoint template that best suits the needs and subject matter of your thesis, it is time to define an overarching concept.

This is the main theme on which your designs are based. It must be relevant to your thesis as its purpose is to guide your selection of colors, typography, images, style, etc. 

These must be portrayed in a way that supports the main message of your slides and should be aligned with your concept both visually and sociologically.

Once you have defined the concept, you will have to move on to the next step: structuring the content of your thesis. A good structure will show that there is a good organization behind the work, but most importantly: it will highlight your content.

In this article, we are going to show you a structure that could be a good example of how to structure a thesis, but you can adapt it to what your specific content requires.

Before you begin your thesis defense, you should welcome your audience. A good presentation will make you connect with your audience, which will result in more general interest in your work.

Use an appropriate language register (avoid informal language), but be approachable and natural.

"Welcome to the thesis defense on [the title of your thesis]". Next, introduce yourself with your name and give a short description of your background and occupation.

Don't forget to say “thank you for attending!”

To continue establishing that connection with your audience, explain the reasons that led you to do this thesis. Tell the professional reasons, and you can even say some personal ones, which will denote closeness, and your audience will appreciate it.

Now it's time to go into the content of the thesis ! After these preliminary steps, which are just as important as the thesis itself, it is time to explain part by part the structure (which you had previously established). We are going to propose a structure for your project, but the final decision is always yours!

First impressions are very important. Because your title page is the very first thing viewers see, it must be striking and impactful. It also sets the stage for the rest of your slides.

In one glance, the following should be established:

• Thesis defense topic
• Design style

For instance, the ecology thesis’s title page uses illustrations of a natural landscape to represent the topic of nature and a striking shade of blue to set the tone.

The sans serif font used depicts clean-cut typography and style and the thesis topic is written in large and bold typography, which draws attention to it immediately.

Right after your title page, include an introduction slide to provide more details about your topic. 

This means explaining what you hope to answer with your research, its importance to your field, and why you chose it.

Continue to incorporate design elements relevant to your concept. This example has done just that by using a different natural landscape and including animals. For coherence, stick to the same typography and style throughout your presentation.

The aim of the literature review slide is to illustrate your knowledge of your thesis topic and any relevant theories.

Walls of text kill a design. For clarity, we recommend presenting this with bullet points. Each one should be short and sweet and only touch on the basics; you can elaborate on them in your speech. 

Don’t forget to be consistent with your design. In our example, we’ve maintained the tone of blue chosen and added illustrations of leaves in the far corners of the slide. 

Also, address similar research that has been done. This is to showcase your topic’s originality and, if relevant, how it’s different and/or an improvement from previously done research. 

This is one of the most important parts of a thesis defense presentation.

It allows your viewers to assess the rationality and validity of your approach and consequently, the accuracy of your results.

A great methodology slide explains the what , how, and why :

• What method did you use for your research
• Why did you choose it
• How did you conduct it

Because this part of your thesis will be rather technical, the most effective way to aid understanding is by using graphics like charts and tables. 

Keep text to a minimum to avoid drawing attention away from the graphics. If there is a text that must absolutely be included, consider using bullet points and keep them short.

Don’t forget to maintain color, style, and typography coherence.

The results slides are easily the most quantitative part of a thesis defense. 

Here, your aim is to simply introduce your findings. Select the most impactful data and highlight them here.

Just as with methodology, use graphics like charts, tables, and graphs to portray the data in a clear way. And, once again, try not to write too much text. Let the visual content do the talking .

After you’ve introduced your data, the next step would be to help your audience make sense of it. That means understanding what it means in the context of your thesis research topic and your discipline. 

Simply put, you should answer the question: What do the numbers mean?

The best way to approach this would be to do it as if you were creating an infographic . 

Illustrations like icons are a quick and simple way to represent your message. It also reduces the amount of text on your slide, which makes the information much more digestible. 

For a balanced thesis presentation, you should also address any outliers and anomalies.

To quote bestselling author Robin Sharma, “Starting strong is good. Finishing strong is epic.”

That’s exactly what to aim for in your conclusion.

Provide an overview of your thesis topic and remind your audience what you set out to answer with your research. In our example, we’ve used three icons accompanied by a short title and text. 

Following that, reiterate the important points of your research results you want your audience to take away from your thesis defense presentation. 

You can do so by expanding the next slide to have more icons and points, for example.

Don’t forget to address any shortcomings and limitations in your approach and extra points for suggesting possible improvements for future research.

We are going to give you a little tip to make your thesis defense a success. You can combine your defense with good public speaking techniques. Take a look at our article "How to become a great speaker" .

We hope this article has been of great help, have you already seen our templates to make the presentation of your thesis ? Choose the one that best suits your needs, we are sure that one of them will go perfectly with your thesis presentation! 

Good luck from Slidesgo.

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• Presentations

How to Start and Give a Great Thesis Defense Presentation

To complete a graduate degree, you'll likely need to create a thesis defense presentation. You must complete a thesis to finish many graduate degree programs. 

A thesis is a paper where you explore a topic in depth that's related to what you’ve studied. After completing your thesis paper, you will be asked to defend it through a presentation.

You give this thesis defense in a meeting with a panel of two or more professors in your program. The panel could include other professionals related to your field.

In your thesis defense presentation, you will be asked questions about your topic. The purpose of the questions is to get you to think deeply about your work, so the questions could be open-ended.

To create a thesis defense presentation, you need to know how to make a thesis presentation and how to start your thesis defense. Keep reading to find out more about thesis defense presentations.

How to Structure Your PPT for Thesis Defense

Thesis defense presentations can vary in length. They can be 20 minutes long or two hours long. It depends on how much time is allowed for your presentation and questions.

Talk to your professor to find out how much time is set aside for your presentation. Your thesis defense presentation will be unique to your thesis. But a good presentation includes the following structure:

• Title . You need a title just as your research paper needed a title. The title slide will include the information that you’d include on your paper title. This information can include the title, your name, your school, and course name.
• Introduction . Just like most presentations, your thesis defense presentation should include an introduction slide. This slide should have the topic of your thesis and the question that your presentation answers. It should also include any objections to your research and the answer you’ll be defending in your thesis presentation.
• Literature Review . Next, create two or more slides with a review of the literature used in your research. It doesn’t need to be a complete bibliography. Although you do need to cite your sources, these slides should include your most relevant sources.
• Methodology . These slides in your thesis presentation are where you describe what method you used and an explanation of why you chose that method. If you've got some original research, include the details of that research and how you analyzed the data that you got from that research.
• Results . Some of the most important slides of your PPT for thesis defense contain the results of your research. This should include a description of the data you collected by researching and the results of your data analysis. You also should highlight what your most noteworthy finding was.
• Discussion . These slides of your PPT for thesis defense need to include your research results. Also, show how the results support your argument and how it relates to your original question.
• Conclusion . The conclusion thesis presentation slides should restate your original research questions, show the results of your research, and suggest future research and any final recommendations.
• Ending Slide . The ending slides of your thesis defense presentation are where you add an interesting fact, quote, gif, or hypothetical question. The point is to get your audience to continue to think about your topic while also grabbing their attention. You want your presentation to be memorable.

How to Make a Thesis Presentation

After you’ve seen what the structure of a thesis defense presentation is, there are some more tips that you can follow. Here are tips on how to create a thesis defense presentation:

1. Define Your Concept

After choosing which template to use, the next step is to choose the concept of your thesis defense presentation. Your concept should be relevant to your thesis. To have a fully rounded concept, try to make your presentation templates design relevant to your thesis topic.

Before working on your defense, think about the message you want to convey. This will help you choose elements such as font images and a theme that'll be cohesive.

2. Know Your Audience

Most people give their thesis defense presentation to an academic panel. This panel will look to see if you've developed a thorough understanding of your topic and thesis. They’ll also be looking to see if you've got a solid foundation for your argument.

This is why your presentation is important. You don’t want a sloppy presentation because it can give the impression of laziness and that you don’t care about your presentation. So, choose all aspects of your presentation carefully.

3. Keep Your Slides Focused   

Part of giving a good thesis presentation is to have focused slides. This means that you don’t want to have too much information on a slide. It’s best to follow the rule of one point per slide. If you've got too much on a single slide, it can be hard for the audience to follow you.

4. Structure Your Presentation

After you’ve chosen your concept, it's time to structure the content of your thesis. When structuring your information, you want to show that you understand the subject matter and that you're organized.

5. Less Is More

Each slide should have enough information that you can make your point. It’s important that your audience listens more than they read. By speaking, you show your audience that you know the topic you’re presenting on. So, when creating your slides, remember that less is more.

6. Consider Your Typography

After choosing your thesis presentation subject, consider what typography to use. Your typography should create an impact without distracting from your topic.

When considering your typography, consider your text's colors. Your text's colors should contrast with your slide's background. If the text doesn’t contrast well, it can distract the audience, causing them not to pay attention as you speak.

7. Stick to Important Data

Include data that'll strengthen your argument. Your data should also show that you’ve researched your thesis. If you can, add visuals that are relevant to your data. Visuals stimulate your brain and can increase how fast you process information. So, including relevant visuals can make your data easier to process and remember.

8. Consistency Is Key

When thinking about how to make a thesis presentation, think about consistency. For an impressive presentation, your presentation should flow well. It’s easier to have consistency when using a template because it’s already designed by a professional.

Check your finished presentation for consistency. This means making sure all your titles on slides are the same font and font size. Also, make sure that your body text is consistent throughout.

9. Explain Your Thesis

The next step in how to make a thesis presentation is to explain your thesis in great detail. The first part of this is your methodology slide . This is where you explain what method you used for your research, why you chose the topic, and how you conducted your research.

For this part of your thesis, chart and tables in your presentation are helpful in explaining data. In this section, keep your text minimal to let the chart, graphs, and data stand out. 

Next, tell the audience what the data means. Infographics are a great option to use in this section. Infographics and icons can quickly and simply show your message.

10. End Your Thesis

The last section of your thesis presentation is where you end it. Make your ending memorable to keep your audience thinking.

In your conclusion, overview your thesis topic and remind the audience of the answer that your research proved. Next, cover the important research points you want your audience to remember. A slide with icons is a great way to do this. Also, address your shortcomings in your research and how there can be improvements in future research.

Finally, use some more presentation tips by reading this helpful article:

A Top Source for Presentation Templates

Envato Elements is the best place for presentation templates. Plus, they also have more than just premium templates. They've icons, photos, fonts, and more. To gain access to these digital elements, you must pay a low monthly fee and sign up to become a member. Once you sign up , you get unlimited access and downloads to digital elements.

Explore Presentation Templates

A premium template saves you time because you're starting with a great base. Just add your information when using a template. This is a lot quicker than trying to design a presentation from scratch. If you like to customize your presentation, you still can find a good premium template that's easily customizable.

Every template is designed by a professional to look stylish and impressive. This means that your presentation will stand out among all the made-from-scratch presentations.

Use a Premium Template for Your Thesis Defense Presentation Today!

Now that you’ve been given tips on how to start a thesis presentation and what it should contain, put this information to use when creating your thesis presentation. Save time from having to create a presentation from scratch by downloading a premium template today!

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How to create a great thesis defense presentation: everything you need to know

Get your team on prezi – watch this on demand video.

Anete Ezera April 13, 2024

Ready to take on your thesis defense presentation? It’s not just about wrapping up years of study; it’s your moment to share your insights and the impact of your work. A standout presentation can make all the difference. It’s your chance to highlight the essentials and really connect with your audience.

This is where Prezi comes into play. Forget about flipping through slide after slide. With Prezi, you craft a narrative that pulls your audience in. It simplifies the complex, ensuring your key points hit home. Let’s explore how Prezi can help transform your thesis defense into a successful presentation.

What is a thesis defense presentation and why are they needed? 

Whether you’re preparing for a master’s thesis defense or a Ph.D. thesis defense, this final step in your academic journey is the one with the most significance, as it dramatically influences your final grade. It’s also your chance to display the dedication and effort you’ve put into your research, a way to demonstrate how significant your work is. 

So, why is this such a big deal? A good presentation helps convince your teachers that your research is solid and makes a difference in your field. It’s your time to answer questions, show that your research methods were sound, and point out what’s new and interesting about your work. In the end, a great thesis defense presentation helps you finish strong and makes sure you leave a lasting impression as you wrap up this chapter of your academic life.

Best practices for making a successful thesis defense presentation 

In order to craft a standout thesis defense presentation, you need to do more than just deliver research findings. Here are some key strategies to ensure success, and how Prezi can play a crucial role in elevating your presentation.

Start with a strong introduction

Kick-off with an engaging introduction that lays out your research question, its significance, and your objectives. This initial segment grabs attention and sets the tone. Using Prezi’s zoom feature can make your introduction pop by visually underscoring key points, helping your audience grasp the importance of your work right from the start.

Organize your presentation clearly

A coherent structure is essential for guiding your audience through your thesis defense presentation. Prezi can help by offering a map view of your content’s layout upfront, providing a clear path through your introduction, methodology, results, and conclusion. This clarity keeps your audience engaged and makes your arguments easier to follow.

Incorporate multimedia elements

Adding multimedia elements like videos, audio clips, and animations can greatly improve the appeal of your thesis defense presentation. Prezi supports the seamless integration of these elements, allowing you to bring your research to life in a more vibrant and engaging way. Videos can serve as powerful testimonials or demonstrations, while animations can help illustrate complex processes or changes over time. This variety keeps your audience engaged and helps convey your message in a more exciting way.

Simplify complex data

Your findings need to be presented in a way that’s easy for your audience to understand. Prezi shines here, with tools that transform intricate data into clear, engaging visuals. By implementing charts and graphs into your presentation, you can make your data stand out and support your narrative effectively.

Engage your audience

Make your thesis defense a two-way conversation by interacting with your audience. Whether it’s through questions, feedback, or direct participation, engagement is key. Prezi allows for a flexible presentation style, letting you navigate sections in response to audience input, creating a dynamic and engaging experience.

Highlight key takeaways

Emphasize the key takeaways of your research throughout your presentation to ensure your audience grasps the most critical aspects of your work. With Prezi, you can use spotlighting and strategic zooming to draw attention to these takeaways, making them stand out. This method helps reinforce your main points, ensuring they stick with your audience long after your presentation concludes. By clearly defining what your audience should remember, you guide their understanding and appreciation of your research’s value and implications.

Practice makes perfect

Confidence in delivery comes from thorough practice. Familiarize yourself with every aspect of your thesis defense presentation, including timing, voice control, and gestures. Prezi Video is a great tool for rehearsing, as it allows you to blend your presentation materials with your on-camera performance, mirroring the live defense setting and helping you polish your delivery.

End with a lasting impression

Conclude your presentation powerfully by summarizing your main findings, their implications, and future research directions. Prezi’s ability to zoom out and show the big picture at your conclusion helps reinforce how each section of your presentation contributes to your overall thesis, ensuring your research leaves a memorable impact on your audience.

By using these tips and taking advantage of what Prezi offers, you can make your thesis defense presentation really stand out. It’ll not only hit the mark with your audience but also clearly show why your research matters.

Meeting tight deadlines with Prezi 

Facing a looming deadline for your thesis defense presentation? Prezi offers smart solutions to help you create a polished and engaging presentation quickly, even if it feels like you’re down to the wire.

A closer look at Prezi AI features

Prezi AI is a standout feature for those pressed for time. It assists in structuring your presentation efficiently, suggesting design elements and layouts that elevate your content. This AI-driven approach means you can develop a presentation that looks meticulously planned and executed in a fraction of the time it would normally take. The result? A presentation that communicates the depth and value of your research clearly and effectively, without the last-minute rush being evident. Here’s what Prezi AI can do:

• Streamlined creation process: At the core of Prezi’s efficiency is the AI presentation creator . Perfect for those last-minute crunch times, it’s designed to tackle tight deadlines with ease.
• Easy start: Kick off your presentation creation with just a click on the “Create with AI” button. Prezi AI guides you through a smooth process, transforming your initial ideas or keywords into a structured and visually appealing narrative.
• Visual impact: There’s no need to dive deep into design details. Simply provide some basic input, and Prezi AI will craft it into a presentation that grabs and holds your audience’s attention, making your thesis defense visually compelling.
• AI text editing: Spending too much time fine-tuning your message? Prezi AI text editing features can help. Whether you need to expand on a concept, clarify complex terms, or condense your content without losing impact, Prezi AI streamlines these tasks.
• Content refinement: Adjust text length for deeper explanation, simplify language for better understanding, and ensure your presentation’s content is precise and to the point. Prezi AI editing tools help you refine your message quickly, so you can focus on the essence of your research.

Using Prezi Video for remote thesis defense presentations

For remote thesis defenses, Prezi Video steps up to ensure your presentation stands out. It integrates your on-screen presence alongside your presentation content, creating a more personal and engaging experience for your audience. This is crucial in maintaining attention and interest, particularly in a virtual format where keeping your audience engaged presents additional challenges. Prezi Video makes it seem as though you’re presenting live alongside your slides, helping to simulate the in-person defense experience and keep your audience focused on what you’re saying.

Using these advanced Prezi features, you can overcome tight deadlines with confidence, ensuring your thesis defense presentation is both impactful and memorable, no matter the time constraints.

The Prezi experience: what users have to say 

Prezi users have shared compelling insights on how the platform’s unique features have revolutionized their presentations. Here’s how their experiences can inspire your thesis defense presentation:

Storytelling with Prezi

Javier Schwersensky highlights the narrative power of Prezi: “This is a tool that is going to put you ahead of other people and make you look professional and make your ideas stand out,” he remarks. For your thesis defense, this means Prezi can help you craft a narrative that not only presents your research but tells a story that captures and retains the committee’s interest.

Flexibility and creativity

Tamara Montag-Smit appreciates Prezi for its “functionality of the presentation that allows you to present in a nonlinear manner.” This flexibility is key in a thesis defense, allowing you to adapt your presentation flow in real time based on your audience’s engagement or questions, ensuring a more dynamic and interactive defense.

The open canvas

Vitek Dočekal values Prezi’s open canvas , which offers “creative freedom” and the ability to “create a mind map and determine how to best present my ideas.” For your thesis defense, this means Prezi lets you lay out and show off your work in a way that makes sense and grabs your audience’s attention, turning complicated details into something easy and interesting to follow.

Engagement and retention

Adam Rose points out the engagement benefits of Prezi: “Being able to integrate videos is extremely effective in capturing their attention.” When you need to defend a thesis, using Prezi to include videos or interactive content can help keep your committee engaged, making your presentation much more memorable.

These real insights show just how effective Prezi is for crafting truly influential presentations. By incorporating Prezi into your thesis defense presentation, you can create a defense that not only shows how strong your research is but also leaves a lasting impression on your audience.

Thesis defense presentations for inspiration 

Prezi is much more than a platform for making presentations; it’s a place where you can find inspiration by browsing presentations that other Prezi users have made. Not only that, but Prezi offers numerous templates that would be useful for thesis defense presentations, making the design process much easier. Here are a few examples that you may find helpful: 

Research project template by Prezi 

This Prezi research project template stands out as an ideal choice for thesis defense presentations due to its well-structured format that facilitates storytelling from start to finish. It begins with a clear introduction and problem statement, setting a solid foundation for the narrative. The inclusion of sections for user research, interviews, demographics, and statistics allows for a detailed presentation of the research process and findings, which are crucial when defending a thesis. 

Visual elements like user mapping and journey maps help make complex information understandable and engaging, which is crucial for maintaining the committee’s attention. Additionally, addressing pain points and presenting prototypes showcases problem-solving efforts and practical applications of the research. The template culminates in a conclusion that ties everything together, emphasizing the research’s impact and future possibilities. Its comprehensive yet concise structure makes it an excellent tool for communicating the depth and significance of your work in a thesis defense.

Civil rights movement Prezi

This Prezi on the Civil Rights Movement exemplifies an effective thesis defense presentation by seamlessly blending structured content, multimedia enhancements, and dynamic navigation. It organizes information into coherent sections like “About,” “Key Events,” and “Key People,” offering a comprehensive view ideal for a thesis presentation. The strategic use of videos adds depth, providing historical context in a dynamic way that text alone cannot, enhancing the audience’s engagement and understanding. 

Furthermore, Prezi’s open canvas feature brings the narrative to life, allowing for a fluid journey through the Civil Rights Movement. This method of presentation, with its zooming and panning across a virtual canvas, not only captivates but also helps to clarify the connections between various elements of the research, showcasing how to effectively communicate complex ideas in a thesis defense.

AI-assisted history template

This AI-assisted presentation template stands out as a great choice for thesis defense presentations, especially for those rooted in historical research. By merging striking visuals with rich, informative content, you can use this template to craft a narrative that breathes life into past events, guiding the audience on an engaging journey through time. Its sequential storytelling approach, empowered by Prezi AI , ensures a smooth transition from one historical point to the next, demonstrating the depth and continuity of your research. This template showcases Prezi AI’s capability to enhance narrative flow. By integrating advanced visuals and text, it captivates audiences and makes it an invaluable tool for presenting complex historical theses in a clear, compelling way.

Master your final grade with a Prezi thesis defense presentation 

Preparing for a thesis defense, whether for a master’s or Ph.D., is a pivotal moment that significantly influences your final grade. It’s your platform to demonstrate the dedication behind your research and its importance in your field. A well-executed presentation convinces your educators of your research’s validity and your ability to bring fresh perspectives to light.

To craft a successful thesis defense presentation, Prezi’s innovative features can be a game-changer. Prezi can empower you to transform presentations into captivating stories and provide you with the flexibility and creative freedom needed to make your presentation an outstanding success. Incorporating videos or utilizing Prezi’s non-linear presentation style can keep your committee engaged and emphasize your research’s significance.

Prezi also serves as a hub of inspiration, offering templates perfect for thesis defenses. From structured research project templates to dynamic historical narratives, Prezi provides tools that communicate your thesis’s depth and significance effectively, ensuring you leave a memorable impact on your audience. So, it’s time to revamp your thesis defense presentation and change it from dull to inspirational with Prezi. 

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The 10 Key Components of a Successful Thesis Defence Presentation

Sep 27, 2023 | Research FAQs

What are the Key Components of a Successful Thesis Defence Presentation?

The culmination of years of rigorous research, analysis, and academic dedication is often encapsulated in a single event – a successful thesis defence presentation. This pivotal moment in an academic journey can be both exhilarating and nerve-wracking. Success hinges on a well-prepared and effectively delivered presentation. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the key components of a successful thesis defence presentation, equipping you with the knowledge and insights necessary to navigate this critical milestone in your academic career.

10 Key Strategies To Defend Your Thesis

#1 clearly define your statement of thesis.

At the heart of every successful thesis defence presentation lies a well-articulated statement of thesis. This concise and focused sentence or two should encapsulate the core question or problem your research addresses. Peer review, a critical evaluation of your work by experts in the field, often commences with a thorough assessment of the clarity and relevance of your thesis statement. It is the compass that guides your entire presentation.

The statement of thesis serves as the cornerstone of an entire successful thesis defence presentation, and its importance cannot be overstated. This concise and focused sentence or two should encapsulate the core question or problem your research addresses. Think of it as the spark that ignites the intellectual journey you’re about to take your audience on.

When you consider the peer review process, it becomes clear that the experts in your field are like seasoned explorers, setting out on an intellectual expedition through your work. And where does their journey begin? With your thesis statement. It acts as the compass that guides their critical evaluation. They venture into the depths of your research, often commencing with a meticulous assessment of the clarity and relevance of your thesis statement. It’s not merely a formality; it’s a critical checkpoint to ensure that your compass is finely tuned and aligned with the path you’ve forged.

#2 Comprehensive Literature Review

A robust literature review demonstrates your understanding of the existing body of knowledge in your field. This component of your presentation should not merely summarise relevant literature but critically analyse it. Peer-reviewed journals, academic databases, and scholarly publications are invaluable resources for conducting a thorough literature review. Clearly demonstrate how your research fits into the existing landscape and adds a new dimension to the field.

Your literature review isn’t just a bibliography; it’s the evidence of your mastery over the existing body of knowledge in your field. It should be robust, showcasing your understanding and critical thinking abilities. Think of it as a treasure trove of insights from the minds of scholars who have paved the way before you.

Peer-reviewed journals, academic databases, and scholarly publications are the maps to this treasure trove. They are invaluable resources for conducting a thorough literature review. But remember, your role is not merely that of a summariser; you are an interpreter. Your presentation should not merely summarise relevant literature but critically analyse it. Imagine yourself as an art critic, dissecting each brushstroke to reveal the masterpiece that is your research. Show the audience how your research fits into the existing landscape and adds a new dimension to the field, like an artist contributing a unique piece to a gallery.

#3 Methodology and Data Collection

Describe in detail the methodologies employed in your research, addressing questions such as: How did you collect data? What tools or instruments did you use? How did you ensure the validity and reliability of your data? Peer review often scrutinises the rigor of your research methods, so be prepared to defend your choices and demonstrate their appropriateness for your study.

Your methodology is the blueprint of your research, and the data you collect are the bricks that build your thesis. This section deserves meticulous attention and clarity. Describe in detail the methodologies employed in your research. Address questions such as: How did you collect data? What tools or instruments did you use? How did you ensure the validity and reliability of your data? Think of it as the architectural plans that ensure your thesis stands tall and sturdy.

Keep in mind that peer review often scrutinises the rigor of your research methods. It’s like having a team of experienced builders inspecting your construction site for structural integrity. Be prepared to defend your choices and demonstrate their appropriateness for your study. You’re not just presenting data; you’re presenting the process behind the creation of your data.

#4 Data Analysis and Results

Present your findings with precision and clarity. Utilise graphs, tables, and visuals to enhance comprehension. Peer review experts will closely examine your data analysis methods to ensure they are statistically sound. Transparency in reporting results, including any limitations or unexpected outcomes, is crucial. Remember, transparency fosters credibility.

Your data is the treasure you’ve unearthed through your research, and it’s time to present it with precision and clarity. Visual aids like graphs, tables, and visuals should be your artistic tools. Imagine yourself as a storyteller, weaving a narrative with data points.

Peer review experts will closely examine your data analysis methods to ensure they are statistically sound. It’s akin to having statisticians double-check your calculations. Transparency in reporting results is paramount. Think of it as being transparent about the ingredients of a recipe; it fosters credibility. Be honest about any limitations or unexpected outcomes, just as a chef might explain a dish’s unique flavours. Transparency invites trust and understanding.

#5 Discussion and Interpretation

This is your opportunity to showcase your critical thinking skills. Discuss the implications of your findings in the context of your thesis statement and existing literature. Address any unanswered questions or areas for future research. Peer review experts will assess the depth of your analysis and the coherence of your interpretations.

This is the moment when your audience gets a glimpse of your critical thinking skills. It’s not just about presenting data; it’s about the story behind the data. Consider yourself a detective solving a complex mystery. Discuss the implications of your findings in the context of your thesis statement and existing literature.

Address any unanswered questions or areas for future research. This is your chance to engage your audience in a scholarly conversation. Peer review experts will assess the depth of your analysis and the coherence of your interpretations. Think of it as a roundtable discussion where your ideas are put to the test.

#6 Effective Presentation Skills

Engage your audience with effective presentation skills. Practice your delivery, ensuring that you maintain eye contact, speak clearly, and use appropriate gestures. A confident and composed demeanour goes a long way in conveying your expertise. Utilise visual aids sparingly and strategically to enhance, not overwhelm, your presentation.

As you step into the spotlight of your thesis defence presentation, imagine yourself as a performer on the academic stage. Engage your audience with effective presentation skills that not only convey your expertise but also hold their attention. Practice your delivery meticulously to ensure that you maintain eye contact, speak clearly, and use appropriate gestures.

Confidence is your best companion on this stage. A confident and composed demeanour goes a long way in conveying your mastery of the subject matter. Utilise visual aids sparingly and strategically to enhance, not overwhelm, your presentation. Think of them as props in a play, designed to complement your narrative, not steal the show.

#7 Anticipate and Address Questions

Be prepared for a barrage of questions from the thesis committee during and after your presentation. Anticipate potential queries based on your research and be ready to provide well-informed responses. Peer review often extends to this phase, assessing your ability to defend your research and engage in scholarly discourse.

The Q&A session during and after your presentation is a challenging yet essential phase. Imagine it as the part of your performance where the audience gets to interact with you directly. Be prepared for a barrage of questions from the thesis committee. Anticipate potential queries based on your research and be ready to provide well-informed responses.

Peer review often extends to this phase, assessing your ability to defend your research and engage in scholarly discourse. Think of it as a debate where you defend your thesis against the toughest opponents. Embrace questions as opportunities to showcase your expertise and deepen the understanding of your work.

#8 Time Management

Respect the allocated time for your presentation. Going over your time limit can be detrimental and reflects poorly on your preparation. Time management is a skill that not only demonstrates professionalism but also allows for a smoother and more focused presentation.

Time management is the conductor’s baton in the symphony of your presentation. It’s not just about keeping things on schedule; it’s about ensuring that your performance is harmonious and well-paced. Respect the allocated time for your presentation. Going over your time limit can be detrimental and reflects poorly on your preparation.

Think of your presentation as a well-rehearsed orchestral piece, with each section seamlessly flowing into the next. Time management is the key to orchestrating this performance effectively. It demonstrates professionalism and allows for a smoother and more focused presentation.

#9 Adaptability

Be ready to adapt to unforeseen circumstances or questions. Your ability to handle unexpected challenges with grace and knowledge can leave a positive impression on both your thesis committee and peer reviewers.

In the world of academia, as in life, surprises are inevitable. Be ready to adapt to unforeseen circumstances or questions. Your ability to handle unexpected challenges with grace and knowledge can leave a lasting positive impression on both your thesis committee and peer reviewers.

Think of this adaptability as the mark of a seasoned explorer who can navigate uncharted territory. The ability to pivot gracefully when faced with the unexpected demonstrates your resilience and expertise.

#10 Mock Defences and Feedback

Prior to your actual defence, conduct mock thesis defence presentations with peers or mentors. Seek constructive feedback to refine your presentation. This rehearsal process can help you identify areas that may require improvement and boost your confidence.

Before the curtain rises on your actual defence, consider the value of dress rehearsals in the world of theatre. Prior to your defence, conduct mock thesis defence presentations with peers or mentors. Seek constructive feedback to refine your presentation. This rehearsal process can help you identify areas that may require improvement and boost your confidence.

Think of these mock defences as a preview performance, an opportunity to fine-tune your act before the main event. Constructive feedback from trusted sources is like the guidance of seasoned directors, helping you polish your performance and ensure you’re ready for the spotlight.

In conclusion, a successful thesis defence presentation is a multifaceted performance that combines research expertise, effective communication, and adaptability. Each component plays a crucial role in shaping the narrative of your research journey. Just as a skilled performer prepares meticulously for a show, you too must invest time and effort in honing your skills and refining your presentation. Embrace the peer review process as a means to elevate your work and ensure it stands up to the scrutiny of the academic community. With these key components and a commitment to excellence, you’ll not only defend your thesis but also make a meaningful contribution to your field of study.

Key Tips To A Successful Thesis Defence 

• Clear and Concise Thesis Statement : Craft a thesis statement that is clear, concise, and aligned with your research.
• Thorough Literature Review : Leave no stone unturned in your literature review to demonstrate your grasp of existing knowledge.
• Prepare for Questions : Anticipate questions and practice your responses to showcase your expertise.
• Practice and Timing : Practice your presentation and stick to the allotted time.
• Adaptability and Confidence : Stay adaptable and confident in the face of unexpected challenges.

The Building Blocks of a Successful Thesis Defence Presentation

In the realm of academia, the successful thesis defence presentation is a culmination of years of dedication, research, and scholarship. It is a testament to your expertise in your chosen field and your ability to contribute to the body of knowledge. Key components, such as a well-defined thesis statement, a comprehensive literature review, meticulous data analysis, and effective presentation skills, are the building blocks of a successful presentation.

Moreover, the engagement with peer review processes adds a layer of scrutiny that enhances the quality and credibility of your work. Embrace feedback, both during mock defences and from the thesis committee, as opportunities for growth and refinement.

As you embark on this academic journey, remember that a successful thesis defence presentation is not just a milestone but a stepping stone to a future where your research can make a significant impact. The key to success lies in meticulous preparation, effective communication, and a deep passion for your subject matter. With these components in place, you are well on your way to a successful thesis defence.

Useful Resources

Way With Words – Website: https://waywithwords.net/services/transcription-services . A reliable source for academic research transcription services, ensuring accuracy and professionalism in transcribing your research data.

Peer Review Process – Website: https://www.elsevier.com/reviewers/what-is-peer-review . Understand the peer review process and its significance in academic research.

Engagement Questions

As you prepare for a successful thesis defence, ask yourself:

• How can I best convey the significance of my research to both my thesis committee and the broader academic community?
• How can I use peer review feedback to strengthen my work?
• What are the key takeaways from my research that I want my audience to remember?

Remember that a successful thesis defence is not just about defending your research; it’s about sharing your passion and contributing to the academic discourse in your field. Embrace the journey, and you’ll emerge from it with a deeper understanding of your subject and a sense of accomplishment that comes from mastering this critical academic milestone.

Reference management. Clean and simple.

How to prepare an excellent thesis defense

What is a thesis defense?

How long is a thesis defense, what happens at a thesis defense, your presentation, questions from the committee, 6 tips to help you prepare for your thesis defense, 1. anticipate questions and prepare for them, 2. dress for success, 3. ask for help, as needed, 4. have a backup plan, 5. prepare for the possibility that you might not know an answer, 6. de-stress before, during, and after, frequently asked questions about preparing an excellent thesis defense, related articles.

If you're about to complete, or have ever completed a graduate degree, you have most likely come across the term "thesis defense." In many countries, to finish a graduate degree, you have to write a thesis .

A thesis is a large paper, or multi-chapter work, based on a topic relating to your field of study.

Once you hand in your thesis, you will be assigned a date to defend your work. Your thesis defense meeting usually consists of you and a committee of two or more professors working in your program. It may also include other people, like professionals from other colleges or those who are working in your field.

During your thesis defense, you will be asked questions about your work. The main purpose of your thesis defense is for the committee to make sure that you actually understand your field and focus area.

The questions are usually open-ended and require the student to think critically about their work. By the time of your thesis defense, your paper has already been evaluated. The questions asked are not designed so that you actually have to aggressively "defend" your work; often, your thesis defense is more of a formality required so that you can get your degree.

• Check with your department about requirements and timing.
• Re-read your thesis.
• Anticipate questions and prepare for them.
• Create a back-up plan to deal with technology hiccups.
• Plan de-stressing activities both before, and after, your defense.

How long your oral thesis defense is depends largely on the institution and requirements of your degree. It is best to consult your department or institution about this. In general, a thesis defense may take only 20 minutes, but it may also take two hours or more. The length also depends on how much time is allocated to the presentation and questioning part.

Tip: Check with your department or institution as soon as possible to determine the approved length for a thesis defense.

First of all, be aware that a thesis defense varies from country to country. This is just a general overview, but a thesis defense can take many different formats. Some are closed, others are public defenses. Some take place with two committee members, some with more examiners.

The same goes for the length of your thesis defense, as mentioned above. The most important first step for you is to clarify with your department what the structure of your thesis defense will look like. In general, your thesis defense will include:

• your presentation of around 20-30 minutes
• questions from the committee
• questions from the audience (if the defense is public and the department allows it)

You might have to give a presentation, often with Powerpoint, Google slides, or Keynote slides. Make sure to prepare an appropriate amount of slides. A general rule is to use about 10 slides for a 20-minute presentation.

But that also depends on your specific topic and the way you present. The good news is that there will be plenty of time ahead of your thesis defense to prepare your slides and practice your presentation alone and in front of friends or family.

Tip: Practice delivering your thesis presentation in front of family, friends, or colleagues.

You can prepare your slides by using information from your thesis' first chapter (the overview of your thesis) as a framework or outline. Substantive information in your thesis should correspond with your slides.

Make sure your slides are of good quality— both in terms of the integrity of the information and the appearance. If you need more help with how to prepare your presentation slides, both the ASQ Higher Education Brief and James Hayton have good guidelines on the topic.

The committee will ask questions about your work after you finish your presentation. The questions will most likely be about the core content of your thesis, such as what you learned from the study you conducted. They may also ask you to summarize certain findings and to discuss how your work will contribute to the existing body of knowledge.

Tip: Read your entire thesis in preparation of the questions, so you have a refreshed perspective on your work.

While you are preparing, you can create a list of possible questions and try to answer them. You can foresee many of the questions you will get by simply spending some time rereading your thesis.

Here are a few tips on how to prepare for your thesis defense:

You can absolutely prepare for most of the questions you will be asked. Read through your thesis and while you're reading it, create a list of possible questions. In addition, since you will know who will be on the committee, look at the academic expertise of the committee members. In what areas would they most likely be focused?

If possible, sit at other thesis defenses with these committee members to get a feel for how they ask and what they ask. As a graduate student, you should generally be adept at anticipating test questions, so use this advantage to gather as much information as possible before your thesis defense meeting.

Your thesis defense is a formal event, often the entire department or university is invited to participate. It signals a critical rite of passage for graduate students and faculty who have supported them throughout a long and challenging process.

While most universities don't have specific rules on how to dress for that event, do regard it with dignity and respect. This one might be a no-brainer, but know that you should dress as if you were on a job interview or delivering a paper at a conference.

It might help you deal with your stress before your thesis defense to entrust someone with the smaller but important responsibilities of your defense well ahead of schedule. This trusted person could be responsible for:

• preparing the room of the day of defense
• setting up equipment for the presentation
• preparing and distributing handouts

Technology is unpredictable. Life is too. There are no guarantees that your Powerpoint presentation will work at all or look the way it is supposed to on the big screen. We've all been there. Make sure to have a plan B for these situations. Handouts can help when technology fails, and an additional clean shirt can save the day if you have a spill.

One of the scariest aspects of the defense is the possibility of being asked a question you can't answer. While you can prepare for some questions, you can never know exactly what the committee will ask.

There will always be gaps in your knowledge. But your thesis defense is not about being perfect and knowing everything, it's about how you deal with challenging situations. You are not expected to know everything.

James Hayton writes on his blog that examiners will sometimes even ask questions they don't know the answer to, out of curiosity, or because they want to see how you think. While it is ok sometimes to just say "I don't know", he advises to try something like "I don't know, but I would think [...] because of x and y, but you would need to do [...] in order to find out.” This shows that you have the ability to think as an academic.

You will be nervous. But your examiners will expect you to be nervous. Being well prepared can help minimize your stress, but do know that your examiners have seen this many times before and are willing to help, by repeating questions, for example. Dora Farkas at finishyourthesis.com notes that it’s a myth that thesis committees are out to get you.

Two common symptoms of being nervous are talking really fast and nervous laughs. Try to slow yourself down and take a deep breath. Remember what feels like hours to you are just a few seconds in real life.

• Try meditational breathing right before your defense.
• Get plenty of exercise and sleep in the weeks prior to your defense.
• Have your clothes or other items you need ready to go the night before.
• During your defense, allow yourself to process each question before answering.
• Go to dinner with friends and family, or to a fun activity like mini-golf, after your defense.

Allow yourself to process each question, respond to it, and stop talking once you have responded. While a smile can often help dissolve a difficult situation, remember that nervous laughs can be irritating for your audience.

We all make mistakes and your thesis defense will not be perfect. However, careful preparation, mindfulness, and confidence can help you feel less stressful both before, and during, your defense.

Finally, consider planning something fun that you can look forward to after your defense.

It is completely normal to be nervous. Being well prepared can help minimize your stress, but do know that your examiners have seen this many times before and are willing to help, by repeating questions for example if needed. Slow yourself down, and take a deep breath.

Your thesis defense is not about being perfect and knowing everything, it's about how you deal with challenging situations. James Hayton writes on his blog that it is ok sometimes to just say "I don't know", but he advises to try something like "I don't know, but I would think [...] because of x and y, you would need to do [...] in order to find out".

Your Powerpoint presentation can get stuck or not look the way it is supposed to do on the big screen. It can happen and your supervisors know it. In general, handouts can always save the day when technology fails.

• Dress for success.
• Ask for help setting up.
• Have a backup plan (in case technology fails you).
• Deal with your nerves.

How to Pull Off Your Thesis Defense With a Great Presentation

You’ve reached the home stretch in your journey toward your post-graduate degree. You’ve diligently studied, researched and performed for years, and all that’s left is your master thesis or doctorate dissertation. 

“ All that’s left,” however, might be the understatement of the century. There’s nothing simple about orally defending your thesis, and this final stage often means the difference between a degree and a program that remains incomplete.

Even after you’ve dedicated months filled with blood, sweat and tears defining your argument, researching your support and writing your defense, you aren’t ready to address the academic panel. You still have to design an effective visual presentation, and the slide deck can make or break your entire thesis.

Unsure how to design a stellar slide deck to visually present your thesis or dissertation? Check out the following tips to pull off your master thesis defense with a great presentation:

1.   Properly structure your slide deck

Every master thesis defense presentation is unique, but most effective slide decks will follow a similar structure, including:  

• Title - Just like a research paper, your thesis presentation must include a title slide. This should include the same information as any other title page: the title, your name, your academic institution, course name and the name of the academic advisor to your thesis or dissertation. That doesn’t mean your title slide needs to look like the start of any other Frankendeck . Instead, add your text atop a relative image, and adjust the brightness to ensure your text pops.
• Introduction - Your thesis presentation should also include an introduction slide, which details the topic of your thesis, the question your research will seek to answer and any additional objectives to your research, as well as the answer or solution you will be defending.
• Literature review - Following your thesis introduction, design one or more slides that review the literature you researched. This shouldn’t be a full bibliography (although that should be included in the accompanying written account of your research), but instead, the slides should list your most relevant research sources. If the information is featured on a slide, make sure you include its source. 
• Methodology - Your thesis presentation slide deck should also include a slide (or slides) detailing the methodology of your research and argument. Here you want to describe the type of study— whether it’s quantitative, qualitative or a combination of the two, as well as an explanation of why you chose the method or methods you used. If you conducted original research, you will want to detail the study population, sampling methods and other details pertinent to your studies, while you’ll also want to detail how you analyzed your data.
• Results - No thesis presentation slide deck is complete without dedicating slides to illustrate the results of your research. Be sure to include a description of any data you collected through your research, as well as the results of your analysis of the data. What were your most significant findings?
• Discussion - How do the results of your research support your overall thesis argument? Be sure to include slides that discuss your overall findings and how they relate to your original question.
• Conclusion - Concluding slides should restate your original research questions, represent the results of your research, suggest future research and make any final recommendations.
• Ending slide – Close your thesis presentation with a concluding slide that offers an interesting quote or trivia that makes your audience further ponder your topic, a GIF or animation that recaptures the audience’s attention or even a hypothetical question that opens additional discussion from the academic panel. This is your opportunity to make your presentation memorable.

Thesis Presentation vs. Dissertation

Thesis presentation and dissertation are two terms often used in academic settings related to upper education. While they are related, there are distinct differences between the two, which is important to understand as you begin to structure your thesis defense.

‍ A thesis presentation typically refers to the final oral presentation that a student gives to defend their thesis or research project. It is a formal presentation to explain their findings, methodology, and conclusions to a panel of faculty members or experts in the field. The purpose of a thesis defense presentation is to demonstrate the student's knowledge and understanding of the subject matter and to defend the validity of their research.

On the other hand, a dissertation refers to a lengthy and comprehensive research project that is typically required for the completion of a doctoral degree. It involves in-depth research, analysis, and the development of original ideas in a particular field of study. A dissertation is usually written over an extended period and is expected to contribute new knowledge or insights to the field. Unlike a thesis presentation, a dissertation is submitted in written form and is typically evaluated by a committee of faculty members or experts in the field.

2.   Choose which ideas to illustrate

Unless you have an hour to fill with your master thesis defense or doctorate dissertation, you won’t be able to include every idea from your overall research documentation in your slide show. Choose the most important ideas to illustrate on slides, while also keeping in mind what aspects of your research you’ll be able to visually represent.

3.   Define your presentation’s theme

A stellar thesis or dissertation presentation will be professional in appearance, and a cohesive design is an absolute must. Choose what types of typography and color schemes best support your topic. 

Instead of adjusting these settings on each individual slide— a tedious task at best— choose a PowerPoint-alternative presentation software like Beautiful.ai that allows you to customize a theme for your entire slide deck. Choose your fonts and other typography, your color palette, margins, footers, logos, transitions and more, and the cloud-based tool will automatically apply those design specifications to every slide you add to the master thesis defense presentation.

4.   Design simple and focused slides

You might have a lot of information to present, but when it comes to your thesis presentation— or almost any slide deck for that matter— less is more. Be sure every slide counts by focusing on your main points. 

Then, whatever you do, keep your slides simple. Not even an academic panel is going to dedicate much time deciphering a cluttered slide with all too many details. Try to avoid presenting more than one or two ideas on each slide.

5.   Include data visualizations

The whole point of your presentation is to illustrate the concepts included in your thesis. Humans are visual creatures and react strongly to imagery, and the panel evaluating your thesis or dissertation is no exception— regardless of how studious and formal the academics might seem. Illustrate the results of your research with colorful and engaging infographics . You don’t have to be a graphic designer to create them, either. 

Beautiful.ai users can choose from a host of smart slide templates with data visualizations — including favorites like bar graphs and pie charts , as well as less common options like scattergraphs , flow charts and pictograms . Just input your data and watch as our special brand of artificial intelligence creates the infographic for you.  

6.   Practice makes perfect

After spending months researching your thesis or dissertation, writing about your findings and designing a stellar master thesis defense presentation, you would hate to see all your hard work be for naught. That’s still a distinct possibility, however, if you don’t also practice your delivery. 

Practice, practice and practice some more until you know your master thesis defense like the back of your hand. No academic panel will be impressed by a graduate candidate who stumbles through their presentation or appears to be reading from their notes. Know the contents of every slide, as well as exactly what parts of your overall defense you want to deliver during its display. 

Things to keep in mind to help you nail your presentation

The golden rule of any presentation is to keep your audience engaged. You can ensure a more engaging presentation by maintaining eye contact, using appropriate gestures, and speaking clearly. You can also choose to include the audience in your presentation with interactive questions, polls, and slides.

To help boost audience retention, utilize storytelling. Studies show that when facts are presented in the form of a story, people are 22 times more likely to remember them. Talk about powerful.

Last but not least, plan for questions— and not simply by allowing time for them. Watch other thesis defenses delivered at your institution, and consider what types of questions the academic panel might ask, so you can prepare the best possible answer.

Extra credit:

Get started with our PhD Defense Thesis presentation template here .

Samantha Pratt Lile

Samantha is an independent journalist, editor, blogger and content manager. Examples of her published work can be found at sites including the Huffington Post, Thrive Global, and Buzzfeed.

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Thesis Defense PowerPoint: Presentation Structure and Slides Content

Last updated on September 15th, 2023

Writing a thesis is as important as defending it. The goal is not only to present one of the largest papers you ever worked on throughout the university years but also to build a strategy and create a presentation that answers all questions the audience might have.

Of course, today, this task is largely facilitated by modern technologies. PowerPoint and other programs let you create a perfect background for your defense. It helps you stay in control of the whole presentation and also includes all the important numbers and facts for the audience.

Creating a presentation for a thesis is not a piece of cake. Many students would say that they’d rather write a paper than work on a PowerPoint presentation. Since it’s academic, it also has its requirements and specifics. Of course, companies where you buy college essays can help you with pptx files as well. Yet, knowing all dos and don’ts to add your own voice to the presentation can help you ace your defense.

That’s why we decided to analyze a few structure and content tips to help you author your thesis defense presentation and make sure you get a high grade. But let’s discuss best presentation-making practices first.

What Should You Know About Presentation Making?

Before you start working on a presentation, you have to understand the level and the needs of your audience. If we talk about a thesis defense presentation , you will present your research paper to people knowledgeable in your field. There is no need to translate terminology in this case.

Remember that your presentations should be simple and easy to read. If you basically copy-paste the text from your thesis to the slides, you’ll create a wall of words. This brings zero value. Instead, you should make every slide look engaging. This can be achieved if you set to add only key facts there.

There is a golden rule for presentation making. Create no more than 10 slides, take no more than 20 min, and use a font size of no less than 30 points. If you follow it for every academic work you need a presentation for, you’ll most likely get a high grade.

How to Structure Your Presentation and What Content to Include?

Here are some slide guidelines that you can consider for thesis defense presentations:

1. Title Slide

The title page starts the whole presentation. It gives the audience an idea about the thesis and the course. Make it simple but appealing to highlight your scientific goals while following best academic practices.

A regular title slide page includes the thesis title, your name, university, and course details. Sometimes, it’s recommended to mention your advisor’s name on the title page as well. A title slide for a thesis presentation typically fits in one single slide.

2. Introduction of the Presentation

There is no surprise that your presentation will repeat the structure of your thesis to a certain extent. That means you’ll have to include a proper introduction into your presentation as well.

On that slide, you’ll need to mention the topic once again to keep the audience focused. Also, you’ll be giving more details about the questions and goals of your research. Your audience has to understand the purpose of the paper that is in front of them. You have to make it clear for them what things you are investigating in particular.

3. Acknowledgements Slide

Say Thank you to your collaborators for their help in putting this presentation together. You would also like to thank the teachers and professors who have helped you during the preparation of the thesis. Here is the place to do it. The acknowledgments slide can be added at the beginning of your presentation, or at the end.

4. Literature Review Slide

This slide is not a requirement. However, if you want to render literature sources that you used for your research based on certain criteria, this is the right place to do it. You can provide your audience with a brief understanding of the resources you relied on.

First of all, you can specify the theories that you consider in your research. Secondly, you can highlight weaknesses that exist in current research. In certain cases, it can help you avoid some uncomfortable questions throughout your defense.

5. Methodology Slide

Every thesis paper is written with its own methodology. It’s better to define the tools and methods right away to add a framework to your paper.

This part helps you narrow down your thesis, actually. This is a good thing because you won’t be asked questions pertaining to methods and information not used within your research.

How many slides you need to dedicate for the Methods content? The total number of slides will depend on the case, but typically you can consider from one to three slides. Slide 1 for Study Design, Slide 2 for Measures and Slide 3 for the Sample.

6. Presentation of Results

A few slides that show results should be one of the most comprehensive parts of your presentation. We highly advise you to check this section for all relevant numbers and findings to make it informative.

The thing is that thesis papers crafted by companies where you can order cheap essay online may not include formulas or calculations for diagrams and charts. Nevertheless, you’ll have to include infographics in your presentation.

This is why you have to request these calculations and formulas from your writers or ask them to work on the presentation as well. The point is that you have to know the depth of your research before you start defending it. These details are a part of your grade.

7. Discussion

The discussion part of your thesis presentation should focus on major findings from your research with regard to the discipline program and the goals of this study. You need to explain why you believe these findings are relevant and that much significant. Also, you may provide a few ideas on how your findings relate to what others found in the past. In addition, this is the part where you explain outstanding data or unusual results.

Remember that you are not limited by the number of slides in this section. However, you should keep in mind that only the most important ideas should go into the presentation.

8. Conclusions

To finalize your presentation, you must end it with a proper conclusion. Again, the best practices of presentation making suggest that you should include only key ideas in your slide. You need to convey the rest in a verbal message. This is a bit hard to do when it comes to the conclusion.

However, the goal is to answer the questions you set at the beginning. If you can prove or debunk your thesis statement, consider you have fulfilled your research mission.

9. Future Works or Future Directions slide

In order to make the most of this thesis presentation, future work will involve a number of different people. Some of these people will be responsible for creating the slides and videos that are used in the presentation, while others will be responsible for making sure that all the materials are up-to-date and error-free.

A timeline for this future work can be included in a future work slide, but what to include on this slide will depends on a variety of factors. In this slide, you can present the audience how you envision the future work of your research, who will be doing it, what resources are required, and the different milestones. Typically, a timeline slide design can be used in this section, but you can also use a multi-step slide to describe a list of points. This can be a final slide of presentation unless you want to give space for questions and answer section (Q&A).

Building your thesis is already a tough task. Presentation is considered an add-on that has recently become a must. That is why you should take it seriously and make sure you follow the tips above to ace your defense and wow everyone with your research.

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How to create a dissertation proposal defense powerpoint (+example), published by steve tippins on june 21, 2022 june 21, 2022.

Last Updated on: 22nd May 2024, 04:14 am

As part of the dissertation process, you will need to create a dissertation proposal defense PowerPoint to present a summary of the plan for your study. You will need to show how important your study is and how it is useful. 

When creating the PowerPoint, keep in mind that you need to make sure all of your audience can understand all aspects of your study.  The exact content for the defense PowerPoint varies by college, discipline and department, so it is important that you discuss with your committee chair about the requirements. However, we will give some general guidelines that apply to most institutions.

The defense typically takes 20‐30 minutes. You should keep the timeframe in mind as you consider the information you will have in your presentation. 

Except for aspects of your presentation, such as the research question(s) or hypothesis(es), do not just read the slides. Instead, explain or expand on what is on the slides. To ensure you keep within the timeframe, practice narrating your PowerPoint presentation. 

Although the APA manual does not provide guidelines for creating a PowerPoint presentation, you will need to follow some of the APA style guidelines within your PowerPoint. 

For example, provide in-text citations for quotes, paraphrases, images, graphs, and other information that should be cited. Also, you will need to provide a list of pertinent references. 

The following are other format requirements for the slides :

• Create 17-20 slides.
• Do not provide a lot of information. Be concise and write a few sentences (approximately 1-7 on each slide). 
• Because your slides will contain only a small amount of information, any extra information that you want to touch on should be put in the notes section of the PowerPoint. 
• Write the information in your slides for visual appeal and optimum communication, using a legible font size. 
• You can use graphics and images to enhance and reinforce the information. However, ensure that they do not distract from your information.
• You can use bullet points but keep them to a minimum of 3-4 for each listing.

Example Dissertation Proposal Defense PowerPoint Template

The dissertation proposal will consist of three chapters, which you will be providing information on in the presentation. Although the contents and order of the contents may vary, there are some basic parts of the proposal that are usually required.  

The following is a breakdown of the usual contents that are included in the presentation. Each of these headings below represents the titles of each slide. The information below the headings is the type of content you will need to provide. 

Title (1 slide) : 

• Dissertation’s Title 
• Department of Program of Study/Name of University
• Chair and Committee Members

Statement of the Problem (1 slide):

• Provide the problem that your dissertation will address. 

Purpose of the Study (1 slide):

• Provide what the study will do relative to the issue(s) defined in the statement of the problem.

Significance of the Study (1 slide):

• Provide the main argument of why the solution to the problem that you propose is important. 

Research Question(s)/Hypothesis(es ) (1 slide):

• Provide the research question(s) or hypothesis(es) relevant to your field of study, written exactly as it is in your dissertation proposal.

The Literature Review (2 slides):  

• These slides should consist of a coherent, organized overview of the main literature that frames your study’s problem, and the gap in literature that your study will address. Make sure that you include the sources. 

Theoretical/Conceptual Framework (1 slide):

• This slide should consist of the theoretical/conceptual framework that will help you make sense of the phenomenon that you will investigate. 

Research Design (1 slide):

• Provide the framework for the methods of data collection and data analysis. Indicate whether the study will be quantitative or qualitative.

Sample and Population (1 slide):

• Provide the population that refers to the entire group that you will draw conclusions about, and the sample that refers to the specific group that you will collect data from.

Data Collection (1 slide):

• Provide the methods by which you will obtain the data. If the research design is quantitative, provide methods such as correlation and regression, mean, mode and median or others. If the design is qualitative, provide methods such as, interviews, questionnaires with open-ended questions, focus groups, observation, game or role-playing, case studies, or others.

Data Analysis (1-2 slides):

• This slide should contain the process you will use to understand, gather, compile, and process the data you will obtain. 

Limitations (1 slide):

• In this slide, explain the nature of the limitations and how they will be overcome during your research. 

Delimitations (1slide):

• Provide the characteristics that describe the boundaries of your study and limit the scope, such as sample size, geographical location, population traits, or others.

References (1-2 slides):

• Only provide those sources that you referred to in the presentation. Do not provide all the sources that you have in your dissertation proposal.

Thank You/Questions (1 slide):

• Use this final slide to thank your committee and to request questions from them.

Note : For information about citing your references, refer to Chapters 9 and 10 of the APA Manual 7 th edition.

For instructions on how to create a PowerPoint, see How to Create a Powerpoint Presentation .

View this video for “ Tips and Tricks for your Proposal Defense Day Presentation ” 

You can find several templates of students’ Dissertation Proposal Defense presentations online by searching for “Dissertation Proposal Defense PowerPoint.”  You can also find one at this webpage .

Steve Tippins

Steve Tippins, PhD, has thrived in academia for over thirty years. He continues to love teaching in addition to coaching recent PhD graduates as well as students writing their dissertations. Learn more about his dissertation coaching and career coaching services. Book a Free Consultation with Steve Tippins

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PhD Dissertation Defense Slides Design: Example slides

• Tips for designing the slides
• Presentation checklist
• Example slides
• Additional Resources

Acknowledgments

Thank all ph.d.s for sharing their presentations. if you are interested in sharing your slides, please contact julie chen ([email protected])., civil and environmental engineering.

• Carl Malings (2017)
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• I. Daniel Posen (2016)
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• Last Updated: Jan 9, 2024 11:18 AM
• URL: https://guides.library.cmu.edu/c.php?g=883178

Video on How To Do a Proper Thesis Defense Presentation

In this guide, we’ll provide you with essential tips and advice on how to ace your thesis defense and impress your committee. We’ll walk you through the essential elements of your presentation, such as your title page, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusions slides. For further infromation you can check our full article where we explain into detail how to use SlideModel PowerPoint Templates to save time creating your thesis presentation .

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Dissertation Defense: Steps To Follow To Succeed

A dissertation defense is arguably one of the most important milestones in every student’s career. While it signals that your tenure as a student is soon about to close, it validates all your efforts towards your thesis.

Being cautious about including all the necessary details is very important to successfully complete your dissertation proposal defense. This article tells you everything that you need to know about writing a defense that can add great credibility to you as a student.

What is A Dissertation Defense?

The first thing that you need to learn is what is a dissertation defense and what is its purpose. In simple terms, it is a presentation made by a student to defend all the ideas and views that are presented in a dissertation.

The presenter must include details like what is the reason for choosing specific research methods, the theory that has been selected for the paper, and other such points. This presentation is made before an audience that comprises of the university committee, professors and even fellow-students. It is met with questions and answers that gives the student an opportunity to provide more clarity on the dissertation in order to convince the committee to approve it.

Stages of a Dissertation Defense

One of the most important dissertation defense tips provided by several professors is to breakdown the process into three steps:

• Preparation : This stage involves collection of all the necessary information that must be included in the defense dissertation and making all the arrangements for the actual meeting.
• The defense meeting : This is where you decide how you will present the defense. The actual meeting is hugely reliant on the performance, body language and the confidence in your oral defense.
• After the defense meeting : This stage, also known as the follow up, requires you to make the necessary revisions suggested by the university committee. You can even provide bound copies of the whole dissertation to distribute among different members of your departments. In the follow up stage, one must also think about expense that are related to publishing the Ph.D. dissertation defense as well as printing additional copies of the manuscript, if required.

How Long is a Dissertation Defense?

The first thing that a student should know is how long does a dissertation defense last? The length has to be carefully calculated to make the impact that you want. One of the most important steps in the dissertation preparation is to understand how much time each department allocates to the closing oral defense. When you plan in the early stages of your dissertation itself, you can write it in a manner that allows you to defend it in the allocated time.

Usually these meetings including the presentation, the oral defense and the question and answer session last for about two hours. In most cases, these two hours also encompass the time needed by members of the committee to deliberate.

How to Prepare for the Dissertation Defense

Now that you know how long is a dissertation defense, the next step is to prepare well enough to make your presentation impressive.

Here are some tips on how to prepare for a dissertation defense:

• Watch other students in action to learn about different presentation styles. You can attend defenses of different colleagues in your department as well as other departments in your university.
• Get all the details about the deadlines and the rules of your college or university about scheduling your defense.
• Scheduling is also a very important part of your preparation. It is important to note that members of the committee and University chairs need to make time for these defences in a very packed schedule. Coordinate the date, venue and time of your defense as early as possible.
• Prepare a manuscript adhering to the necessary formatting rules. Review your manuscript thoroughly before you hand it in. During your PH.D, your faculty will also assist you with the defense. For this, they must have a crisp and polished copy of your manuscript.
• Most colleges have the facility for a pre-defense meeting. This is the best opportunity to sort out any concerns that you may have about the actual meeting. It is a good idea to ask the chairs what types of questions may be put forward and if there are any problems with the defense that need to be resolved. When you prepare for a pre-defense meeting, think of it as the final one and give it your all.
• Put together all the material that you need for the defense. A detailed, yet to-the-point presentation must be prepared.
• The final stage of preparation is practicing your presentation over and over again. It is not just the presentation but also the approach towards the questions that you must practice.

Tips To Nail Your Actual Meeting

With these tips you will be one step closer towards a successful defense that will help your dissertation pass and be approved:

• All meetings should begin by addressing the chair. Make sure you thank all the committee members and the advisors for the efforts that they have put it. This gives you a professional start to the presentation.
• The presentation should cover the following subjects in brief:
• The research topic
• Literature review
• The methods used for analysis
• The primary findings of the research
• Recommendations of additional research on the subject in the focus.
• Do not get rattled by any discussions among the chairs. They will deliberate on any disagreements or topics of interest. This is a part of the process and is not a reflection of the presentation itself.
• There are two questions that are commonly asked that you should be prepared for. This includes the weaknesses of the dissertation and the research plans that you have made post-dissertation.
• Use subtle gestures when you are talking. Do not overuse your hands when doing so. The whole meeting including the question and answer session should have a very formal appeal.
• The tone of your voice must be assertive without making it seem like you are trying to hard. Be clear and enunciate when you speak.

Once the questions have been answered, the committee will leave the room. Then, after the deliberation, you will be informed if your dissertation has passed or not.

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How to Make a “Good” Presentation “Great”

• Guy Kawasaki

Remember: Less is more.

A strong presentation is so much more than information pasted onto a series of slides with fancy backgrounds. Whether you’re pitching an idea, reporting market research, or sharing something else, a great presentation can give you a competitive advantage, and be a powerful tool when aiming to persuade, educate, or inspire others. Here are some unique elements that make a presentation stand out.

• Fonts: Sans Serif fonts such as Helvetica or Arial are preferred for their clean lines, which make them easy to digest at various sizes and distances. Limit the number of font styles to two: one for headings and another for body text, to avoid visual confusion or distractions.
• Colors: Colors can evoke emotions and highlight critical points, but their overuse can lead to a cluttered and confusing presentation. A limited palette of two to three main colors, complemented by a simple background, can help you draw attention to key elements without overwhelming the audience.
• Pictures: Pictures can communicate complex ideas quickly and memorably but choosing the right images is key. Images or pictures should be big (perhaps 20-25% of the page), bold, and have a clear purpose that complements the slide’s text.
• Layout: Don’t overcrowd your slides with too much information. When in doubt, adhere to the principle of simplicity, and aim for a clean and uncluttered layout with plenty of white space around text and images. Think phrases and bullets, not sentences.

As an intern or early career professional, chances are that you’ll be tasked with making or giving a presentation in the near future. Whether you’re pitching an idea, reporting market research, or sharing something else, a great presentation can give you a competitive advantage, and be a powerful tool when aiming to persuade, educate, or inspire others.

• Guy Kawasaki is the chief evangelist at Canva and was the former chief evangelist at Apple. Guy is the author of 16 books including Think Remarkable : 9 Paths to Transform Your Life and Make a Difference.

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How to make your presentation sound more like a conversation.

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The main difference between strong, confident speakers and speakers who seem nervous in front of the room is in how relaxed and conversational they appear. Here are some basic pointers that will help you create a conversational tone when speaking, regardless of the size of your audience.

1. Avoid using the word, “presentation.” Every time you say, “I’m here to give you a presentation on X,” or, “In this presentation, you’ll see…,” you are emphasizing the formal, structured, sometimes artificial nature of the interaction. No one wants to be “presented” to. Instead, use language that emphasizes a natural, conversational exchange. “We’re here today to talk about X,” or “Today I’ll be sharing some ideas regarding Y.” You can even go so far as to say, “I’m glad we have time together today to discuss Z.” Even if your talk is not going to truly be a dialogue, you can use language that suggests engagement with the audience.

2. If you are using PowerPoint, avoid using the word “slide.” Instead of talking about the medium, talk about the concepts. Swap out, “This slide shows you…,” for, “Here we see….” Instead of saying, “On that slide I showed you a moment ago,” say, “A moment ago we were discussing X. Here’s how that issue will impact Y and Z.” Casual conversations don’t usually involve slide decks. Just because your complicated presentation on tax exposure, supply chain issues, or new health care regulations requires you to use slides, doesn’t mean you have to draw attention to that fact that the setting is formal and structured.

3. For many large-group events, speakers are provided with what’s called a “confidence monitor,” a computer screen that sits on the floor at the speaker’s feet showing the slide that appears on the large screen above the speaker’s head. Avoid using confidence monitors. Our natural inclination when using a confidence monitor is to gesture at the bullet point we’re discussing at the moment. However, we are pointing to a bullet point on the screen at our feet, which the audience can’t see, so it creates a disconnect between us and the audience. Instead, stand to the side of the large screen and gesture at the bullet point you’re talking about so that the audience knows which point you are discussing at the moment.

4. Don’t tell your audience, “I want this to be interactive.” It’s your job to make it interactive. If you are delivering the type of presentation where your audience size allows you to create true engagement with your listeners, create that connecting in stages to “warm up” the audience. Stage One engagement is to ask the audience a question relevant to your topic that you know most of the audience members can respond to affirmatively. “Who here has ever bought a new car?” or, “How many of you have ever waited more than 5 minutes on hold on a customer service line?” Raise your hand as you ask the question to indicate to the audience how to respond. Whoever has raised their hand has now participated in the discussion. They have indicated a willingness to engage. Stage Two engagement is calling on one of the people who raised their hand and asking a specific, perfunctory question. Again, it needs to be a question they can answer easily. If your first questions is, “Who here has bought a new car?” you can then call on someone and ask, “How long ago,” or “What kind of car did you buy most recently?” If your first question was, “Have you ever waited on hold for more than 5 minutes,” you can’t ask, “What company were you calling at the time?” The people who raised their hands weren’t thinking of a specific instance; they were just thinking broadly about that type of experience. You could, however, call on someone and ask, “Do you prefer when they play music or ads for the company’s products?” Anyone can answer that question. At that point, you are in an actual dialogue with that person. Stage Three engagement is asking them a question where they need to reveal something more personal. “How does that make you feel when you hear those ads?” You’ve warmed up your audience and drawn them in with baby steps. Now you have actual, meaningful audience participation.

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5. Use gestures. When we’re speaking in an informal setting, we all use hand gestures; some people use more than others, but we all use them. When we try to rein in our gestures, two things happen that diminish our speaking style. First, we look stiff and unnatural. We look like we are presenting a guarded or cautious version of ourselves; we look less genuine. Second, hand gestures burn up the nervous energy we all have when speaking in front of a large group. That’s good. When we try to minimize our hand gestures, we tie up that nervous energy and it starts to leak out on odd ways, where we start to tap our foot, fidget with our notes or microphone, or tilt our head side to side to emphasize key points. Just let the gestures fly. It’s unlikely they will be too large or distracting. I have coached people on their presentation skills for 26 years. In that time, I have met three people who gestured too much. Everyone else would benefit from using their gestures more freely.

The impact we have as communicators is based on the cumulative effect of many different elements of our delivery. These suggestions alone won’t make you a terrific presenter. They will, however, add to the overall package your present of yourself when speaking to large audiences.

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Organizations ‘disappointed’ after desantis signs bill to make it easier to kill bears in self-defense.

Khalil Maycock , Reporter , Jacksonville

FLORIDA – Organizations dedicated to helping bears in Florida spoke against Governor Ron DeSantis signing a bill that makes it easier to shoot and kill bears in self-defense.

RELATED: Gov. DeSantis signs bill that makes it easier for people to shoot, kill bears in self-defense

Katrina Shadix, the executive director of Bear Warriors United said they are disappointed in DeSantis for signing the bill.

The bill’s title is “Taking Bears”. It would allow a person to kill a bear without certain penalties under specified conditions. That’s something Shadix’s organization is against.

“What this is, is basically a license to kill,” Shadix said. “People can kill 365 days a year we know that is not sustainable for any population, let alone the Florida black bear population.”

According to the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida is home to only one kind of bear, the black bear.

It estimates there’s a little more than 4,000 of them in the state.

These are guidelines to follow under this law to make sure you don’t face civil or criminal penalties when you kill a bear:

• You have to reasonably believe this was necessary to avoid you from being hurt or killed or your pets.
• It’s important you didn’t lure them with food
• That you didn’t intentionally put yourself in harms way, to make it likely you’d need to kill
• You notify FWC within 24 hours of killing the bear
• And YOU can’t keep, sell or dispose of any part of the bear yourself

Shadix said in addition to this law being harmful to bears, she thinks it’ll unintentionally hurt humans too.

“It doesn’t restrict where you can shoot bears and a lot of these bear sightings are in suburban neighborhoods with zero outlines. So we have someone who’s going to fire a gun at a moving target 50 feet from your child’s window.

She said that could be dangerous, which is why her organization is speaking with lawyers to file a lawsuit.

“We are filing it because it oversteps the constitutional authority of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission,” Shadix said.

The FWC commented on the bill and said, “Yesterday, the governor signed HB 87/SB 632, a bill that codifies current Commission rule and allows Floridians to defend themselves with lethal force from black bears. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission (FWC) is committed to the safety of Floridians.”

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Khalil Maycock joined the News4JAX team in November 2022 after reporting in Des Moines, IA.

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Former Georgia officials say they’re teaming up to defend the legitimacy of elections

FILE - Former Georgia Gov. Nathan Deal speaks during a dedication of the state’s new Nathan Deal Judicial Center in Atlanta, Feb. 11, 2020. The Republican Deal said on Tuesday, June 25, 2024, that he’s banding together with three other prominent former Georgia officials to push back against efforts to undermine elections. (AP Photo/John Amis, File)

FILE - Atlanta Mayor Shirley Franklin and supporter of Democratic Presidential hopeful Barack Obama reacts during an election-night party at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Nov. 4, 2008. The Democrat Franklin said on Tuesday, June 25, 2024, that she’s banding together with three other prominent former Georgia officials to push back against efforts to undermine elections. (AP Photo/W.A. Harewood, File)

FILE - Former Georgia Gov. Roy Barnes enters the courtroom for a hearing on the Georgia election interference case on Feb. 16, 2024, in Atlanta. The Democrat Barnes said on Tuesday, June 25, 2024, that he’s banding together with three other prominent former Georgia officials to push back against efforts to undermine elections. (Alyssa Pointer/Pool Photo via AP, File)

FILE - Outgoing U.S. Sen. Saxby Chambliss, R-Ga., talks to reporters at an election night party for Georgia Republican U.S. Senate candidate David Perdue, Nov. 4, 2014, in Atlanta. The Republican Chambliss said on Tuesday, June 25, 2024, that he’s banding together with three other prominent former Georgia officials to push back against efforts to undermine elections. (AP Photo/David Goldman, File)

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ATLANTA (AP) — Four prominent former officials in Georgia, which has been a major front in disinformation over the democratic process, are joining a group that says it will try to counteract efforts to make people distrust elections.

Those joining the Democracy Defense Project, whose launch was announced Tuesday, include two Georgia Republicans, former Gov. Nathan Deal and former U.S. Sen. Saxby Chambliss, and two Democrats, former Gov. Roy Barnes and former Atlanta Mayor Shirley Franklin.

“For far too long, politicians, pundits and activists have worked overtime to sow distrust in American’s electoral process,” Deal said in a statement. “We refuse to sit on the sidelines while the bedrock of this great nation is eroded away by misinformation and dangerous political agendas. Our goal is to restore confidence in the electoral process that makes this country exceptional.”

The four are Georgia board members in a national effort that says it will seek news coverage, as well as raise money to buy advertisements to push back against efforts to undermine elections and try to persuade people to move beyond “polarizing rhetoric.”

The group says it is focusing on states where Democrats and Republicans are competitive in elections. Other board members include three former governors, Republicans Jan Brewer, of Arizona, and Brian Sandoval, of Nevada, as well as Democrat Ed Rendell, of Pennsylvania.

What to know about the 2024 Election

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Their announcement comes two days before Democratic President Joe Biden and Republican former President Donald Trump meet for their first debate of the 2024 campaign in Atlanta.

Trump’s fellow Republicans, Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp and Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger drew his ire after the 2020 election for refusing to help him overturn legitimate results that were confirmed by multiple recounts.

The anger that Trump stoked among his supporters has driven continued upheaval in Georgia’s politics and election policy . A Republican-majority legislature has made repeated changes in the state’s election laws , but local and state election officials still face angry critics demanding that they acknowledge that the 2020 election was stolen and the state’s election system is deeply flawed.

The tumult extends far beyond Georgia. Trump, the presumptive GOP nominee, continues to sow doubts about the last presidential election and is warning his followers — without citing any evidence — that Democrats will try to cheat in the upcoming one.

Just 22% of Republicans expressed high confidence that votes will be counted accurately in November, according to an Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research poll last year.

A recent survey by the Brennan Center for Justice at New York University’s Law School found that nearly 40% of local election officials had experienced threats or harassment. The abuse has caused many to leave their jobs.

“While it may be politically advantageous to undermine America’s core values, it’s a harmful, damaging game with lasting consequences for ‘We the People,’” Barnes said in a statement. He was Georgia’s most recent Democratic governor, serving from 1999 to 2003.

Chambliss, who was a U.S. senator from 2003 to 2015 and U.S. House member from 1995 to 2003, has been a longtime advocate for Raffensperger and Georgia’s election system. He was one of the few Republicans to come forward in the weeks after the 2020 election to defend Raffensperger against Trump’s attacks, saying at the time “there is just no widespread fraud.”

The four join others who have banded together to speak up in defense of how American elections are run. That includes a group of Republican election officials coordinated by the SNF Agora Institute at Johns Hopkins University and the center-right think tank R Street Institute. That group aims to rally Republicans to affirm the security of elections across the United States and to avoid raising doubts about election results in other locales.

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Raiders' Defense is Putting in the Work This Offseason

Ezekiel trezevant | 11 hours ago.

• Las Vegas Raiders

Last season, the Las Vegas Raiders had a respectable defense through the first half.

However, after firing Josh McDaniels, the Raiders' defense went from respectable to one of the better defenses in the National Football League, finishing the season ranked ninth in scoring defense. By the end of last season, the Raiders defense had shown considerable improvement from the previous season.

Raiders general manager Tom Telesco added former Miami Dolphins defensive lineman Christian Wilkins earlier this offseason to a defense that returned all its starters, minus the position Wilkins was signed to fill. Entering this season, the Raiders are expected to have one of the best defenses in the league. 

The Raiders have arguably the most talented and deepest defensive lines. It is a line that contains Maxx Crosby, John Jenkins, Malcolm Koonce and Wilkins . The line also includes Adam Butler and Tyree Wilson, last year’s seventh-overall pick in the NFL Draft. While the secondary could still use more depth, the Raiders cornerbacks unit features Nate Hobbs and Jack Jones, both of whom played well last season. Tre'von Moehrig and Marcus Epps each quietly had productive seasons as well. 

While the Raiders' defense is undoubtedly talented from top to bottom, Raiders defensive coordinator Patrick Graham said it is vital that the defense continues to work hard this offseason to solidify their expected rise to one of the best in the league. While the expectations for the Raider's defense are undoubtedly positive, it means nothing if they are unable to prove it on the field.

"Put in the work,” Graham said. “Put in the work, keep extending the goal a little bit each day. I know all the guys talk about one percent each day. That's what we've got to do. Just put in the work, keep pushing that line forward a little bit more, and we'll see how the chips fall. But that's the most important thing, and thankfully, we have a bunch of guys on the team who are high achievers. I like to think of myself as someone that wants to achieve high goals, and we set those goals, and we do what we've got to do to try to accomplish them."

Ensure you follow on X (Twitter)  @HondoCarpenter  and IG  @HondoSr  and never miss another breaking news story again. Please let us know your thoughts when you like our Facebook page  WHEN YOU CLICK RIGHT HERE .

EZEKIEL TREZEVANT

Ezekiel is a former Sports Editor from the Western Herald and former Atlanta Falcons beat writer.

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Putin and Kim Sign Pact Pledging Mutual Support Against ‘Aggression’

A need for munitions to use against Ukraine is pushing Russia’s leader to deepen his ties with North Korea, raising alarms in the West. The text of the agreement was not immediately released.

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By Choe Sang-Hun and Paul Sonne

Choe Sang-Hun reported from Seoul, and Paul Sonne from Berlin.

President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia and North Korea’s leader, Kim Jong-un, revived a Cold War-era mutual defense pledge between their nations on Wednesday, as the Kremlin deepened its security relationship with North Korea and vowed solidarity in challenging the United States.

Neither Russia nor North Korea immediately released the text of the new treaty. But Mr. Putin, speaking at a joint briefing in Pyongyang after the two leaders signed the document, said the pact called for the nations to aid one another in the event of “aggression” against either country. Mr. Kim claimed the new “treaty” elevated the two countries’ relations to an “alliance.”

Mr. Putin did not say whether the new agreement would require immediate and full-fledged military intervention in the event of an attack, as the now-defunct 1961 treaty between Moscow and Pyongyang specified during the days of the Cold War.

The pledge of mutual assistance is likely to further alarm Washington and its allies. It could presage not only deeper support by North Korea for Russia’s war in Ukraine but also greater support from Moscow in aiding Mr. Kim’s quest for better-functioning nuclear weapons, missiles, submarines and satellites — a development that would increase anxiety among America’s Asian allies, especially South Korea.

Both leaders heralded the agreement as the beginning of a new era in their relations.

Mr. Putin, speaking on his first trip to North Korea in nearly a quarter century, cast possible Russian military support for Pyongyang as a logical response to the West’s supplying weapons to Ukraine, which he claimed violated “various international obligations.”

Russia “does not exclude the development of military-technical cooperation” with North Korea, he said, threatening to support the ambitions of a military that the United Nations — backed by Russia — has been trying to defang for years.

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Defense rests at Karen Read trial, closing arguments set for Tuesday

Watch the trial live.

Testimony resumed Monday in the murder trial of Karen Read , with closing arguments expected as early as Tuesday.

Read, 44, allegedly rammed her Lexus SUV into her boyfriend, John O’Keefe , and left him for dead after dropping him off early on Jan. 29, 2022, outside a Canton home following a night of bar-hopping and heavy drinking. She returned to the scene hours later and found O’Keefe’s snow-covered body on the front lawn, repeatedly shouting “I hit him” in the presence of first responders, witnesses have testified.

Attorneys for Read say she’s being framed and that O’Keefe actually entered the Fairview Road home, where he was fatally beaten in the basement before his body was planted on the lawn.

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After testimony on Friday , Read lawyer Alan Jackson told reporters the defense expects to wrap up its case Monday, with closing arguments possibly Tuesday. Jurors would then begin deliberations.

Here’s how testimony unfolded on Monday.

12:15 p.m. — The defense calls Dr. Andrew Rentschler to the stand

Rentschler is Daniel Wolfe’s colleague at ARCCA.

Rentschler, a biomechanical engineer and accident reconstructionist at ARCCA, detailed his professional background before discussing his involvement in the Read case. He said he reviewed police and autopsy reports, medical records, crime scene photos, and “other documentation.”

Rentschler said he determined whether there was “sufficient force” from the SUV to produce any of O’Keefe’s injuries. At 24 miles per hour at impact, Rentschler said, you would expect to see “significant injuries,” including fractures.

He said O’Keefe’s head injury “is not” consistent with being struck by a vehicle.

“If there’s enough force to cause a skull fracture, then there’s certainly going to be enough force” to cause injuries elsewhere on the body, including on the cervical spine, Rentschler said.

The arm injury was also “inconsistent for a number of reasons” with being struck by a vehicle, he said.

He said there’d be “significant damage” on the arm if it was struck by a car traveling that fast.

“That amount of force on the arm, certainly you’re going to see extensive subcutaneous lacerations” as well as bruising and fractures beyond the abrasions documented on O’Keefe’s right arm, he said.

Rentschler said falling backwards on the roadway could also cause a head injury, but grass and dirt would “not produce” the same amount of force as concrete.

Rentschler said if that if someone’s arm was struck by a car traveling 24 miles per hour, he would expect to see “significant trauma” to the skin, bone, and tendons, rather than superficial abrasions.

”You’re going to have significantly greater damage, especially if there’s a taillight that shatters,” Rentschler said. “Parts of that taillight are going to be pushed into the arm,” and possibly embedded in it.

”I didn’t see any of that,” he said.

Rentschler said O’Keefe’s arm injuries ran from the upper arm to the forearm, twice as large as the taillight damage. He said it’s not typical for someone to be propelled some distance if they are hit in the arm.

”Even if you had your arm straight out ... what’s going to happen to your body? It’s just going to spin around,” Rentschler said. To get the body to the yard, he said, O’Keefe would’ve had to have been struck at the center of his mass.

Rentschler said if a body was struck at center mass with enough force to project it, there would be injuries to the side of the body.

Rentschler told prosecutor Adam Lally on cross-examination that his team issued their report in February. Lally again read out the excerpt from the report that said the company would revise the report if additional information became available. He told Lally he reviewed police reports, crime scene photos, reports from the medical examiner’s office, video footage, photographs of the SUV, pictures of evidence recovered from the scene, and additional materials.

Rentschler told Lally that he never viewed the reconstruction report from State Police Trooper Joe Paul, nor did he see any DNA or forensic reports or view the SUV physically.

“That was not necessary in this case, to inspect the vehicle,” Rentschler said.

He said he did not look at the actual taillight pieces but viewed “photographs of the evidence.”

Rentschler said O’Keefe’s right arm was injured, the skull fracture was to the right of his head, and there was a small bruise on his right knee.

Lally noted the report said O’Keefe’s injuries would be improbable if he was wearing a jacket. Rentschler said he was not aware at the time that O’Keefe was not wearing a jacket that night.

He said he was also aware that DNA evidence was found on the taillight housing; Lally noted the report said no DNA had been recovered. Rentschler said he learned that after the ARCCA report was released.

“Certainly it’s not consistent with being hit by the car and ending up where he did,” Rentschler said of O’Keefe’s head wound. “We don’t really have enough evidence in this case to determine what one specific event” caused the injury.

Rentschler said there are “numerous explanations” to explain how DNA could have gotten on the taillight housing.

He said he’s familiar with sideswipe collisions, which carry “minimal” force.

“It wouldn’t necessarily cause any movement of the person either,” he said. Prosecutors have said the O’Keefe’s body was projected onto the lawn by Read’s SUV.

He said the skull fracture to O’Keefe is consistent with him slipping and striking his head.

“There’s numerous, almost infinite” possibilities to explain the fracture, Rentschler said.

He then stepped down from the stand.

The defense has rested its case. Closing arguments are scheduled for Tuesday.

Judge Beverly Cannone told jurors both sides will get an hour for closing statements. She will instruct the jury on the law before they begin deliberating.

Noon — Defense expert continues his testimony under cross-examination

Daniel Wolfe, a crash reconstructionist, told prosecutor Adam Lally he was “not aware” that Read allegedly shouted “I hit him” multiple times at the scene.

Wolfe said he also wasn’t aware that O’Keefe’s DNA was recovered on some of the broken taillight.

He said he also did not view a State Police reconstruction report and there were “no events recovered on the black box” of Read’s SUV. That’s not unusual in situations where the air bag isn’t deployed, he said.

Wolfe said a typical pedestrian collision involves a person hit by the front of a vehicle, which involves more direct velocity then a sideswipe collision.

He said it “wasn’t necessary” to look at Read’s SUV and that he had sufficient photographs of the shattered taillight and fragments. Wolfe said he was aware crime scene analysts had put the plastic pieces together and laid them back over the housing unit.

Wolfe said he was aware a piece of a drinking glass was also found at the scene, but did not know O’Keefe’s DNA was found on the glass.

In addition, he said he was unaware the human hair found on the bumper showed DNA that matched O’Keefe’s DNA profile.

Wolfe said he was aware that the broken drinking glass pieces found near O’Keefe’s body were found to be consistent with additional pieces in the street. He said he was not aware that plastic pieces found in O’Keefe’s clothing were consistent with the taillight. Wolfe said he was not provided with a State Police reconstruction report on the crash from Trooper Joe Paul.

Wolfe told Lally he did not see a video of Read backing her SUV out of O’Keefe’s driveway shortly after 5 a.m. on Jan. 29. Wolfe said backing out slowly at just a couple miles an hour and hitting something could not cause the damage observed on Read’s taillight. (The footage showed the SUV coming very close to O’Keefe’s vehicle as it slowly backed out).

Wolfe then stepped down from the stand.

11:40 a.m. — Defense expert continues his testimony under cross-examination

Daniel Wolfe, a crash reconstructionist, told prosecutor Adam Lally that he and his colleagues issued their report in February. Lally noted the report indicated that Wolfe’s company would revise its findings if more information became available.

Wolfe told Lally he was provided with multiple sets of crime scene photographs as well as video footage, in addition to a number of other materials. Lally noted that the report doesn’t mention O’Keefe’s shoe or hat.

Wolfe said he is aware that one of O’Keefe’s shoes was found at the scene, as well as his hat. Wolfe told Lally his team is sometimes on site the day or week of a crash, but normally the scene has been cleared by the time they get involved.

Asked if it’s common for victims to lose items such as shoes in pedestrian collisions, Wolfe said he wouldn’t expect a shoe to come off if a vehicle only hit someone’s arm.

”Shoes can come off in a pedestrian impact, yes,” Wolfe said.

He said he received no indication that just O’Keefe’s arm was struck by the vehicle, and his team also was not informed that a vehicle had struck O’Keefe’s head.

”There was nothing in the material that indicated the questions we were to answer,” Wolfe said.

Wolfe said he is also unaware of the surveillance video of O’Keefe holding a cocktail glass as he exited the Waterfall bar.

Wolfe told Lally he never asked to physically view Read’s SUV, which remains in law enforcement custody and is available for inspection.

Wolfe told Lally there are “different types of interactions” pedestrians can have with vehicles when they’re struck.

How someone’s positioned when they’re struck, Wolfe said, will have an effect on their injuries.

He said it was “fair” to describe the tests he did in the Read matter as experiments.

Wolfe said he “preconditioned” the taillight used in testing to 28 degrees, though Lally noted that step wasn’t detailed in the report.

Asked if he knew there were wind gusts as strong as 37 miles per hour at the time, Wolfe said “I’m aware there was inclement weather.”

He said the glass they used for the tests was three to four inches tall.

“In the testing the interaction between the taillight and the glasses was primarily between the base [of the glasses] and the taillight,” Wolfe said.

He said he “had no idea” the Waterfall video of O’Keefe leaving with a glass “existed,” though he had read a police report indicating O’Keefe had been at a bar.

Wolfe said the pieces of taillight that shattered in the testing were different sizes; asked if they were consistent with the pieces found near O’Keefe’s body, Wolfe said, “I would say that’s fair.”

Wolfe told Lally he wasn’t aware there was no overhead lighting in the area of Fairview Road where O’Keefe was allegedly struck.

10:40 a.m. — Dr. Daniel Wolfe, a crash reconstructionist, takes the stand

Wolfe works with a company called ARCCA, which the FBI hired to look into the O’Keefe crash as part of a federal investigation into state law enforcement’s handling of the Read case. Jurors are barred from hearing about the federal probe.

The defense has said in previous court filings that Wolfe’s team found that O’Keefe’s injuries were inconsistent with being struck by a vehicle.

Wolfe began his testimony by describing his professional background and the work of his company in detail.

Wolfe said he has reviewed a number of crashes involving pedestrians. He said the defense did not hire his company; the Justice Department did.

“You have not paid us anything,” Wolfe told Read attorney Alan Jackson. He said his report was provided to both prosecutors and Read’s legal team. Wolfe said he and two colleagues examined the case.

Wolfe said he reviewed photos of the crime scene and SUV, as well as law enforcement reports. He said he was provided approximately 10 different files. Wolfe said the crime scene photos showed fragments of red and clear plastic as well as chrome and black plastic, along with pieces of glass and a black drinking straw.

He said it was “a little bit difficult to follow the evidence, so to speak.”

In the crime scene photos, Wolfe said, the objects were zoomed in without providing a sense of where they were in relation to other items. He said Read’s right taillight was damaged, with clear and red plastic missing, as well as a small dent and paint chips near the bumper.

”The rest was remarkably intact,” Wolfe said. “Assuming a pedestrian is positioned in a normal upright position,” one would expect to see bumper damage, he said.

He said the damage “was really confined to just the taillight, a very isolated portion of the vehicle.”

Wolfe said two apparent glass fragments were found on the bumper, according to police reports. He said the glass could not have come from the taillight, which is all plastic.

In addition, Wolfe said his team performed “projectile testing.” Since there was a broken drinking glass found at the scene, the analysts considered the possibility that someone could have thrown a glass at the taillight.

He said he and a lab technician designed a pressurized “air cannon” that could fire an object such as a glass. He said they ran two tests with the device and determined there was damage to Read’s taillight consistent with glass being fired at it at a rate of 37 miles per hour. Wolfe said the damage to Read’s SUV is limited to a 6-and-a-half-inch wide area around the taillight.

Wolfe said he was provided “no information” that O’Keefe threw a glass at Read’s taillight.

Wolfe also said he conducted what’s known as a “drop test” to evaluate O’Keefe’s skull fracture. He said they conducted a test on a dummy to approximate impact at a speed of 15 miles per hour. Authorities have said Read’s vehicle struck O’Keefe at 24 miles per hour.

“You’re talking about significantly more kinetic energy” at the higher speed, Wolfe said.

He said the taillight damage “was inconsistent” with striking O’Keefe’s head.

Wolfe said that between a dent and the taillight fracture, there was “no observable damage” to a 20-inch portion of the SUV that he would expect to see if someone’s arm had been there.

”If you’re talking about only an interaction between the arm and the back of the vehicle ... there wouldn’t be any projection,” Wolfe said.

Police witnesses have said O’Keefe was projected some 30 feet after impact. Wolfe said the taillight damage was “inconsistent” with striking an arm.

Judge Beverly Cannone then called a brief morning recess.

10:20 a.m. — Defense expert testifies under cross-examination

Dr. Frank Sheridan, a retired forensic pathologist, told prosecutor Adam Lally on cross-examination that John O’Keefe also had knee injuries.

Sheridan said he did not perform O’Keefe’s autopsy himself.

He said he also looked at O’Keefe’s medical records from the Brockton hospital where he was pronounced dead.

Sheridan said he saw no injuries to O’Keefe’s left arm or torso.

He said he agreed with the medical examiner’s finding that O’Keefe’s cause of death was blunt force trauma and hypothermia. The medical examiner’s office ruled that the manner of death was undetermined.

Sheridan said O’Keefe’s right arm injuries were not the cause of his death.

Asked if it’s normal for animals to attack just one part of the body, Sheridan cited a previous case he worked on where dog scratching was concentrated in one place.

Sheridan told Lally that he observed injuries on just one side of O’Keefe’s arm.

He told Lally he couldn’t definitively say what type of animal may have attacked O’Keefe.

Sheridan said he also couldn’t say if the arm injuries were inflicted inside or outside.

“They look like they happened ... minutes to hours” before death, Sheridan said of the arm wounds.

Witnesses have testified that authorities sent DNA swabs from O’Keefe’s shirt to a California lab which found no canine DNA.

“I wasn’t aware of that,” Sheridan said of the California lab’s findings. “I must have missed it.”

He told Lally he also didn’t know that Chloe, the Albert family dog at their Fairview Road home, attacked another dog a few months after O’Keefe’s death.

Sheridan said he did not write a report on his findings but signed an affidavit in January 2023 laying out his opinion.

Asked if he knew there were microscopic pieces of taillight found in O’Keefe’s shirt, Sheridan said he did not recall that.

He said he was not informed about a piece of human hair found on Read’s bumper that was determined to be consistent with O’Keefe’s hair.

Sheridan told Lally that a blunt object can leave pattern injuries. He told Lally he saw photos of Read’s taillight. Asked about a piece with “dimpling” on it, Sheridan said he didn’t recall that piece specifically.

Sheridan told Lally most pedestrian collisions he worked on involved victims struck by the front of the vehicle, though he did a couple cases involving children fatally struck in reverse.

He said he remembered reading that Read’s SUV had rear and overhead cameras.

Sheridan said the center of the person’s mass versus the center of the vehicle’s mass can have a “big effect” on the nature of the victim’s injuries.

He told Lally he couldn’t remember ever doing an autopsy on someone fatally sideswiped by a vehicle, as prosecutors allege happened to O’Keefe.

In such a case, “I would expect to see bruising, significant bruising,” he said.

He told Lally there was “small bruising” detected on O’Keefe’s right hand.

Sheridan said he “vaguely” recalls hearing that O’Keefe was seen leaving the Waterfall bar with a cocktail glass in his right hand. He said he didn’t remember being told that law enforcement had recovered pieces of that glass near O’Keefe’s body.

Sheridan told Lally that O’Keefe appeared to have been scratched or bitten “more than once” on his right arm.

Lally asked whether it was “not possible” for O’Keefe to receive the arm injuries by being struck by a vehicle.

Sheridan said the wounds don’t appear “remotely” like that.

Lally asked Sheridan if O’Keefe could have sustained his head injury on the ground if it were frozen. Judge Beverly Cannone sustained a defense objection.

If O’Keefe was hit by a car and hit his head on the ground, Lally said, would that be enough force to cause the injuries?

If in fact that happened, Sheridan replied.

He said “there were no fractures that appeared to be coming from the front” of O’Keefe’s head. “The eyes themselves were clear.”

A skull fracture could have caused O’Keefe’s eyes to swell and blacken, he said.

Sheirdan said a laceration to O’Keefe’s eyelid was a “separate injury.” Asked if his facial lacerations were caused by a blunt object that shattered, Sheridan said he could not conceive of that.

Sheridan said he saw no evidence that an animal interacted with O’Keefe at the house.

”Not that I’m aware of, no,” Sheridan said.

9:10 a.m. — The defense calls Dr. Frank Sheridan to the stand

Sheridan, a retired forensic pathologist, worked previously as chief medical examiner for San Bernardino County in California.

Sheridan described his professional background in detail before Read attorney Elizabeth Little asked about his findings in the O’Keefe case. Sheridan told Little that he reviewed John O’Keefe’s autopsy report and related materials, including crime scene photos, pictures of Read’s vehicle, and law enforcement reports. He identified a photo of O’Keefe’s injured right arm, which he said had “abrasions.”

”These are friction injuries,” Sheridan said. “These injuries were sustained before death.”

He said he based that finding mainly on the color of the wounds.

Sheridan said he has conducted “well over 100″ autopsies on pedestrians killed in car crashes. He said O’Keefe’s arm injuries don’t look like wounds from a car strike “at all.”

”We don’t have any bruising here,” he said. “We just have” linear abrasions.

Sheridan said he would expect to see “a lot of bruising” or a fracture in the affected area if O’Keefe was hit by a car.

Sheridan aso said he’s conducted autopsies of people attacked by animals. Read’s lawyers have asserted that O’Keefe may have been attacked by a dog during a fight inside the Fairview Road home where his body was found outside.

”I would say they are,” Sheridan said when asked if O’Keefe’s arm injuries were consistent with an animal attack. “Most likely a dog.”

He added that he’s “not 100 percent” certain but his “basic impression” was that the injuries could have been caused by a dog’s teeth or claws.

”In a sense they’re all consistent with scratch marks,” he said of O’Keefe’s arm injuries.

Sheridan said a cut by the elbow is “the most likely candidate for a bite mark.”

Sheridan said O’Keefe’s arm would be bruised if he was struck by an SUV.

Sheridan said O’Keefe also sustained a major laceration to the back of his head. O’Keefe’s brain had bleeding on the surface, as well as extensive bruising, Sheridan said. His brain also swelled, Sheridan said.

“Once this [head] impact occurred, Mr. O’Keefe would have been unconscious,” Sheridan said.

He said O’Keefe’s head injury was not consistent with falling on the ground.

“Grass is basically too soft” to cause such an injury, Sheridan said.

He said that if O’Keefe was struck by a vehicle going “at any speed at all,” that would cause bruising.

“There was a distinct absence of bruising on the torso,” Sheridan said.

He said most pedestrians struck by vehicles have leg injuries, which O’Keefe did not have.

Sheridan said he has conducted a number of autopsies of people fatally injured in fights.

He said O’Keefe’s injuries could be consistent with a fight “in a general sense.”

“He also had a laceration over his right eye lid,” as well as scrapes on his face and bruising on his right hand, which could’ve been a defensive wound, Sheridan said.

“I would say ... these findings are consistent with the possibility of a physical altercation, yes,” Sheridan said.

Travis Andersen can be reached at [email protected] .