Logical Reasoning
Bradley H. Dowden, California State University Sacramento
Copyright Year: 2017
Publisher: Bradley H. Dowden
Language: English
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Reviewed by Matt Carlson, Assistant Professor, Wabash College on 8/6/19
This book takes a "kitchen sink" approach to the material that might be taught in a standard critical thinking course. There is far more material here than could be taught in one semester. The good news, though, is that the chapters are, for the... read more
Comprehensiveness rating: 5 see less
This book takes a "kitchen sink" approach to the material that might be taught in a standard critical thinking course. There is far more material here than could be taught in one semester. The good news, though, is that the chapters are, for the most part, independent of one another, so the book could be used in a relatively modular way.
Content Accuracy rating: 4
Generally good, but I found the use of 'logic' and its cognates to be a little confusing at times. If anything, this book is really about applied epistemology more than logic. That by itself isn't a criticism; it should just be called what it is. But this does introduce some problems in the sections more specifically about logic. The definition of deductive validity and implication, for example, are given in terms of certainty. The author warns against interpreting 'certainty' psychologically, but gives no clue as how to how it might be meant in a logical sense. It follows from this definition that it is possible to have P,Q such that Q "follows from P with certainty" but Q is not certain. I know what is meant by this because I already have background in logic, but I think students will be confused.
Relevance/Longevity rating: 4
A bit of a mixed bag here. I really liked the added section on "Fake News and Misinformation". I haven't seen that in a critical thinking book before, and I thought it was a valuable addition that was clearly informed by current research. I would have appreciated more guidance as to how to judge whether a source is reliable. Of course this is a hard problem (see Goldman's classic "Experts" paper), but the book just gave us a short list of reliable sources. Surely critical thinkers will ask: "But why are *those* sources reliable?"
Clarity rating: 3
The book is generally readable. But it introduces many, many distinctions and new pieces of terminology. Almost all of them are briefly explained when they are introduced, but the sheer number of terms and distinctions is difficult to keep track of. I found this to be a problem in the exercises in particular. Many of the exercises require students to employ the fine distinctions given in the text, but they haven't really been given much guidance (typically, just one example per term is given) as to how to apply those distinctions. As these are a little idiosyncratic in places, I admit that I sometimes had a hard time discerning what the intended "right answer" was supposed to be.
Consistency rating: 4
The book is generally consistent, or at least as consistent as it can be given the "kitchen-sink" approach to content that it employs.
Modularity rating: 5
See above remarks. One virtue of this text is its modularity.
Organization/Structure/Flow rating: 4
Generally good, though I found it a little strange that topics in logic (e.g. deductive validity) were briefly introduced early on, and then discussed in much more detail only in later chapters.
Interface rating: 5
Generally good.
Grammatical Errors rating: 4
Cultural Relevance rating: 5
I appreciated the wide variety of examples given.
As I said above, I think 'logical' in the title, "Logical Reasoning" is a misnomer. This is, for the most part, a book in applied epistemology and philosophy of science. And I think it generally does well in those areas. If one wants a book in logic, there are better open access choices; specifically works in the Open Logic Project, which I cannot recommend highly enough.
On an unrelated note, I found the sections on inductive reasoning somewhat confusing. I'm not sure how helpful it is to discuss inductive/statistical reasoning without requiring the student to do any mathematics. I suppose it is helpful for the student to be aware of pitfalls in statistical reasoning---and the book is helpful here---but students reading this book would have a hard time applying what that they learned about e.g. statistical significance to new cases, I think.
Table of Contents
- Chapter 1 How to Reason Logically
- Chapter 2 Claims, Issues, and Arguments
- Chapter 3 Writing with the Appropriate Precision
- Chapter 4 How to Evaluate Information and Judge Credibility
- Chapter 5 Obstacles to Better Communication
- Chapter 6 Writing to Convince Others
- Chapter 7 Defending Against Deception
- Chapter 8 Detecting Fallacies
- Chapter 9 Consistency and Inconsistency
- Chapter 10 Deductive Reasoning
- Chapter 11 Logical Form and Sentential Logic
- Chapter 12 Aristotelian Logic and Venn-Euler Diagrams
- Chapter 13 Inductive Reasoning
- Chapter 14 Reasoning about Causes and Their Effects
- Chapter 15 Scientific Reasoning
Ancillary Material
About the book.
The goal of this book is to improve your logical-reasoning skills. These skills are also called "critical thinking skills." They are a complex weave of abilities that help you get someone's point, generate reasons for your own point, evaluate the reasons given by others, decide what or what not to do, decide what information to accept or reject, explain a complicated idea, apply conscious quality control as you think, and resist propaganda. Your most important critical thinking skill is your skill at making judgments─not snap judgments that occur in the blink of an eye, but those that require careful reasoning.
This book is also available as an adaptable Word file .
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Critical thinking skills : developing effective analysis and argument
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Critical Thinking Skills
Looking for a fun and engaging lesson plan on critical thinking? Look no further! This exciting lesson plan will have your students using their critical thinking skills to solve real-life problems. They’ll learn how to apply critical thinking in multiple disciplines, and they’ll have a blast doing it!
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In this lesson, students will learn about the different components of critical thinking and how they can use these skills to problem-solve. They will also have the opportunity to practice their new skills by exploring different problems from different perspectives.
By the end of this lesson, your students will be well on their way to becoming critical thinkers!
| grade-level | 4th Grade, 5th Grade, 6th Grade |
|---|---|
| subject | Language Arts |
| State Educational Standards | LB.ELA-LITERACY.RI.5.3 & LB.ELA-LITERACY.RI.6.3 Lessons are aligned to meet the education objectives and goals of |
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In order to display critical thinking, students need to develop skills in. ♦ interpreting: understanding the significance of data and to clarify its meaning. ♦ analysing: breaking information down and recombining it in different ways. ♦ reasoning: creating an argument through logical steps.
The Foundation for Critical Thinking www.criticalthinking.org 707-878-9100 [email protected] By Dr. Richard Paul and Dr. Linda Elder Critical Thinking ConCepts and tools. LIMITED DOWNLOAD COPY Why A Critical Thinking Mini-Guide? This miniature guide focuses on of the essence of critical thinking concepts and ... Its generic skills apply ...
Download full-text PDF Read full-text. Download full-text PDF. Read full-text. ... It is noticed that most critical thinking skills revolve around skills of the Watson-Glaser model. The study also ...
Glaser defined critical thinking as: (1) an attitude of being disposed to consider in a thoughtful way the problems and subjects that come within the range of one's experience; (2) knowledge of the methods of logical enquiry and reasoning; and (3) some skill in applying those methods. Critical thinking calls for a persistent effort to examine ...
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The goal of this book is to improve your logical-reasoning skills. These skills are also called "critical thinking skills." They are a complex weave of abilities that help you get someone's point, generate reasons for your own point, evaluate the reasons given by others, decide what or what not to do, decide what information to accept or reject, explain a complicated idea, apply ...
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Those are the skills we will be focusing on in this book. The definition of critical thinking doesn't state it, but there is a value judgment implicit in the attention within colleges and universities to critical thinking. The assumption is that it is good to be reasonable and bad to be unreasonable.
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Features include: • clearly focused and differentiated critical thinking and problem solving units that provide complete coverage of the Thinking Skills syllabus and beyond • a range of stimulating student activities with commentaries to develop analytical skills • summary of key concepts at the end of each chapter to review learning ...
& Paul, 2007, p. 1). Critical thinking has also been referred to as metacognition (Tempelaar, 2006) or the process of "thinking about thinking" as defined and originally purposed by Flavell (1979). Critical thinking skills are important because they enable students "to deal effectively with social, scientific, and
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This exciting lesson plan will have your students using their critical thinking skills to solve real-life problems. They'll learn how to apply critical thinking in multiple disciplines, and they'll have a blast doing it! Categories: Downloadable, Language Arts, Video Tags: 4th Grade, 5th Grade, 6th Grade. Description.