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214 Best Big Data Research Topics for Your Thesis Paper

Finding an ideal big data research topic can take you a long time. Big data, IoT, and robotics have evolved. The future generations will be immersed in major technologies that will make work easier. Work that was done by 10 people will now be done by one person or a machine. This is amazing because, in as much as there will be job loss, more jobs will be created. It is a win-win for everyone.

Big data is a major topic that is being embraced globally. Data science and analytics are helping institutions, governments, and the private sector. We will share with you the best big data research topics.

On top of that, we can offer you the best writing tips to ensure you prosper well in your academics. As students in the university, you need to do proper research to get top grades. Hence, you can consult us if in need of research paper writing services.

Big Data Analytics Research Topics for your Research Project

Are you looking for an ideal big data analytics research topic? Once you choose a topic, consult your professor to evaluate whether it is a great topic. This will help you to get good grades.

Which are the best tools and software for big data processing?
Evaluate the security issues that face big data.
An analysis of large-scale data for social networks globally.
The influence of big data storage systems.
The best platforms for big data computing.
The relation between business intelligence and big data analytics.
The importance of semantics and visualization of big data.
Analysis of big data technologies for businesses.
The common methods used for machine learning in big data.
The difference between self-turning and symmetrical spectral clustering.
The importance of information-based clustering.
Evaluate the hierarchical clustering and density-based clustering application.
How is data mining used to analyze transaction data?
The major importance of dependency modeling.
The influence of probabilistic classification in data mining.

Interesting Big Data Analytics Topics

Who said big data had to be boring? Here are some interesting big data analytics topics that you can try. They are based on how some phenomena are done to make the world a better place.

Discuss the privacy issues in big data.
Evaluate the storage systems of scalable in big data.
The best big data processing software and tools.
Data mining tools and techniques are popularly used.
Evaluate the scalable architectures for parallel data processing.
The major natural language processing methods.
Which are the best big data tools and deployment platforms?
The best algorithms for data visualization.
Analyze the anomaly detection in cloud servers
The scrutiny normally done for the recruitment of big data job profiles.
The malicious user detection in big data collection.
Learning long-term dependencies via the Fourier recurrent units.
Nomadic computing for big data analytics.
The elementary estimators for graphical models.
The memory-efficient kernel approximation.

Big Data Latest Research Topics

Do you know the latest research topics at the moment? These 15 topics will help you to dive into interesting research. You may even build on research done by other scholars.

Evaluate the data mining process.
The influence of the various dimension reduction methods and techniques.
The best data classification methods.
The simple linear regression modeling methods.
Evaluate the logistic regression modeling.
What are the commonly used theorems?
The influence of cluster analysis methods in big data.
The importance of smoothing methods analysis in big data.
How is fraud detection done through AI?
Analyze the use of GIS and spatial data.
How important is artificial intelligence in the modern world?
What is agile data science?
Analyze the behavioral analytics process.
Semantic analytics distribution.
How is domain knowledge important in data analysis?

Big Data Debate Topics

If you want to prosper in the field of big data, you need to try even hard topics. These big data debate topics are interesting and will help you to get a better understanding.

The difference between big data analytics and traditional data analytics methods.
Why do you think the organization should think beyond the Hadoop hype?
Does the size of the data matter more than how recent the data is?
Is it true that bigger data are not always better?
The debate of privacy and personalization in maintaining ethics in big data.
The relation between data science and privacy.
Do you think data science is a rebranding of statistics?
Who delivers better results between data scientists and domain experts?
According to your view, is data science dead?
Do you think analytics teams need to be centralized or decentralized?
The best methods to resource an analytics team.
The best business case for investing in analytics.
The societal implications of the use of predictive analytics within Education.
Is there a need for greater control to prevent experimentation on social media users without their consent?
How is the government using big data; for the improvement of public statistics or to control the population?

University Dissertation Topics on Big Data

Are you doing your Masters or Ph.D. and wondering the best dissertation topic or thesis to do? Why not try any of these? They are interesting and based on various phenomena. While doing the research ensure you relate the phenomenon with the current modern society.

The machine learning algorithms are used for fall recognition.
The divergence and convergence of the internet of things.
The reliable data movements using bandwidth provision strategies.
How is big data analytics using artificial neural networks in cloud gaming?
How is Twitter accounts classification done using network-based features?
How is online anomaly detection done in the cloud collaborative environment?
Evaluate the public transportation insights provided by big data.
Evaluate the paradigm for cancer patients using the nursing EHR to predict the outcome.
Discuss the current data lossless compression in the smart grid.
How does online advertising traffic prediction helps in boosting businesses?
How is the hyperspectral classification done using the multiple kernel learning paradigm?
The analysis of large data sets downloaded from websites.
How does social media data help advertising companies globally?
Which are the systems recognizing and enforcing ownership of data records?
The alternate possibilities emerging for edge computing.

The Best Big Data Analysis Research Topics and Essays

There are a lot of issues that are associated with big data. Here are some of the research topics that you can use in your essays. These topics are ideal whether in high school or college.

The various errors and uncertainty in making data decisions.
The application of big data on tourism.
The automation innovation with big data or related technology
The business models of big data ecosystems.
Privacy awareness in the era of big data and machine learning.
The data privacy for big automotive data.
How is traffic managed in defined data center networks?
Big data analytics for fault detection.
The need for machine learning with big data.
The innovative big data processing used in health care institutions.
The money normalization and extraction from texts.
How is text categorization done in AI?
The opportunistic development of data-driven interactive applications.
The use of data science and big data towards personalized medicine.
The programming and optimization of big data applications.

The Latest Big Data Research Topics for your Research Proposal

Doing a research proposal can be hard at first unless you choose an ideal topic. If you are just diving into the big data field, you can use any of these topics to get a deeper understanding.

The data-centric network of things.
Big data management using artificial intelligence supply chain.
The big data analytics for maintenance.
The high confidence network predictions for big biological data.
The performance optimization techniques and tools for data-intensive computation platforms.
The predictive modeling in the legal context.
Analysis of large data sets in life sciences.
How to understand the mobility and transport modal disparities sing emerging data sources?
How do you think data analytics can support asset management decisions?
An analysis of travel patterns for cellular network data.
The data-driven strategic planning for citywide building retrofitting.
How is money normalization done in data analytics?
Major techniques used in data mining.
The big data adaptation and analytics of cloud computing.
The predictive data maintenance for fault diagnosis.

Interesting Research Topics on A/B Testing In Big Data

A/B testing topics are different from the normal big data topics. However, you use an almost similar methodology to find the reasons behind the issues. These topics are interesting and will help you to get a deeper understanding.

How is ultra-targeted marketing done?
The transition of A/B testing from digital to offline.
How can big data and A/B testing be done to win an election?
Evaluate the use of A/B testing on big data
Evaluate A/B testing as a randomized control experiment.
How does A/B testing work?
The mistakes to avoid while conducting the A/B testing.
The most ideal time to use A/B testing.
The best way to interpret results for an A/B test.
The major principles of A/B tests.
Evaluate the cluster randomization in big data
The best way to analyze A/B test results and the statistical significance.
How is A/B testing used in boosting businesses?
The importance of data analysis in conversion research
The importance of A/B testing in data science.

Amazing Research Topics on Big Data and Local Governments

Governments are now using big data to make the lives of the citizens better. This is in the government and the various institutions. They are based on real-life experiences and making the world better.

Assess the benefits and barriers of big data in the public sector.
The best approach to smart city data ecosystems.
The big analytics used for policymaking.
Evaluate the smart technology and emergence algorithm bureaucracy.
Evaluate the use of citizen scoring in public services.
An analysis of the government administrative data globally.
The public values are found in the era of big data.
Public engagement on local government data use.
Data analytics use in policymaking.
How are algorithms used in public sector decision-making?
The democratic governance in the big data era.
The best business model innovation to be used in sustainable organizations.
How does the government use the collected data from various sources?
The role of big data for smart cities.
How does big data play a role in policymaking?

Easy Research Topics on Big Data

Who said big data topics had to be hard? Here are some of the easiest research topics. They are based on data management, research, and data retention. Pick one and try it!

Who uses big data analytics?
Evaluate structure machine learning.
Explain the whole deep learning process.
Which are the best ways to manage platforms for enterprise analytics?
Which are the new technologies used in data management?
What is the importance of data retention?
The best way to work with images is when doing research.
The best way to promote research outreach is through data management.
The best way to source and manage external data.
Does machine learning improve the quality of data?
Describe the security technologies that can be used in data protection.
Evaluate token-based authentication and its importance.
How can poor data security lead to the loss of information?
How to determine secure data.
What is the importance of centralized key management?

Unique IoT and Big Data Research Topics

Internet of Things has evolved and many devices are now using it. There are smart devices, smart cities, smart locks, and much more. Things can now be controlled by the touch of a button.

Evaluate the 5G networks and IoT.
Analyze the use of Artificial intelligence in the modern world.
How do ultra-power IoT technologies work?
Evaluate the adaptive systems and models at runtime.
How have smart cities and smart environments improved the living space?
The importance of the IoT-based supply chains.
How does smart agriculture influence water management?
The internet applications naming and identifiers.
How does the smart grid influence energy management?
Which are the best design principles for IoT application development?
The best human-device interactions for the Internet of Things.
The relation between urban dynamics and crowdsourcing services.
The best wireless sensor network for IoT security.
The best intrusion detection in IoT.
The importance of big data on the Internet of Things.

Big Data Database Research Topics You Should Try

Big data is broad and interesting. These big data database research topics will put you in a better place in your research. You also get to evaluate the roles of various phenomena.

The best cloud computing platforms for big data analytics.
The parallel programming techniques for big data processing.
The importance of big data models and algorithms in research.
Evaluate the role of big data analytics for smart healthcare.
How is big data analytics used in business intelligence?
The best machine learning methods for big data.
Evaluate the Hadoop programming in big data analytics.
What is privacy-preserving to big data analytics?
The best tools for massive big data processing
IoT deployment in Governments and Internet service providers.
How will IoT be used for future internet architectures?
How does big data close the gap between research and implementation?
What are the cross-layer attacks in IoT?
The influence of big data and smart city planning in society.
Why do you think user access control is important?

Big Data Scala Research Topics

Scala is a programming language that is used in data management. It is closely related to other data programming languages. Here are some of the best scala questions that you can research.

Which are the most used languages in big data?
How is scala used in big data research?
Is scala better than Java in big data?
How is scala a concise programming language?
How does the scala language stream process in real-time?
Which are the various libraries for data science and data analysis?
How does scala allow imperative programming in data collection?
Evaluate how scala includes a useful REPL for interaction.
Evaluate scala’s IDE support.
The data catalog reference model.
Evaluate the basics of data management and its influence on research.
Discuss the behavioral analytics process.
What can you term as the experience economy?
The difference between agile data science and scala language.
Explain the graph analytics process.

Independent Research Topics for Big Data

These independent research topics for big data are based on the various technologies and how they are related. Big data will greatly be important for modern society.

The biggest investment is in big data analysis.
How are multi-cloud and hybrid settings deep roots?
Why do you think machine learning will be in focus for a long while?
Discuss in-memory computing.
What is the difference between edge computing and in-memory computing?
The relation between the Internet of things and big data.
How will digital transformation make the world a better place?
How does data analysis help in social network optimization?
How will complex big data be essential for future enterprises?
Compare the various big data frameworks.
The best way to gather and monitor traffic information using the CCTV images
Evaluate the hierarchical structure of groups and clusters in the decision tree.
Which are the 3D mapping techniques for live streaming data.
How does machine learning help to improve data analysis?
Evaluate DataStream management in task allocation.
How is big data provisioned through edge computing?
The model-based clustering of texts.
The best ways to manage big data.
The use of machine learning in big data.

Is Your Big Data Thesis Giving You Problems?

These are some of the best topics that you can use to prosper in your studies. Not only are they easy to research but also reflect on real-time issues. Whether in University or college, you need to put enough effort into your studies to prosper. However, if you have time constraints, we can provide professional writing help. Are you looking for online expert writers? Look no further, we will provide quality work at a cheap price.

The use of Big Data Analytics in healthcare

Kornelia Batko ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6561-3826 1 &
Andrzej Ślęzak 2

Journal of Big Data volume 9 , Article number: 3 ( 2022 ) Cite this article

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The introduction of Big Data Analytics (BDA) in healthcare will allow to use new technologies both in treatment of patients and health management. The paper aims at analyzing the possibilities of using Big Data Analytics in healthcare. The research is based on a critical analysis of the literature, as well as the presentation of selected results of direct research on the use of Big Data Analytics in medical facilities. The direct research was carried out based on research questionnaire and conducted on a sample of 217 medical facilities in Poland. Literature studies have shown that the use of Big Data Analytics can bring many benefits to medical facilities, while direct research has shown that medical facilities in Poland are moving towards data-based healthcare because they use structured and unstructured data, reach for analytics in the administrative, business and clinical area. The research positively confirmed that medical facilities are working on both structural data and unstructured data. The following kinds and sources of data can be distinguished: from databases, transaction data, unstructured content of emails and documents, data from devices and sensors. However, the use of data from social media is lower as in their activity they reach for analytics, not only in the administrative and business but also in the clinical area. It clearly shows that the decisions made in medical facilities are highly data-driven. The results of the study confirm what has been analyzed in the literature that medical facilities are moving towards data-based healthcare, together with its benefits.

Introduction

The main contribution of this paper is to present an analytical overview of using structured and unstructured data (Big Data) analytics in medical facilities in Poland. Medical facilities use both structured and unstructured data in their practice. Structured data has a predetermined schema, it is extensive, freeform, and comes in variety of forms [ 27 ]. In contrast, unstructured data, referred to as Big Data (BD), does not fit into the typical data processing format. Big Data is a massive amount of data sets that cannot be stored, processed, or analyzed using traditional tools. It remains stored but not analyzed. Due to the lack of a well-defined schema, it is difficult to search and analyze such data and, therefore, it requires a specific technology and method to transform it into value [ 20 , 68 ]. Integrating data stored in both structured and unstructured formats can add significant value to an organization [ 27 ]. Organizations must approach unstructured data in a different way. Therefore, the potential is seen in Big Data Analytics (BDA). Big Data Analytics are techniques and tools used to analyze and extract information from Big Data. The results of Big Data analysis can be used to predict the future. They also help in creating trends about the past. When it comes to healthcare, it allows to analyze large datasets from thousands of patients, identifying clusters and correlation between datasets, as well as developing predictive models using data mining techniques [ 60 ].

This paper is the first study to consolidate and characterize the use of Big Data from different perspectives. The first part consists of a brief literature review of studies on Big Data (BD) and Big Data Analytics (BDA), while the second part presents results of direct research aimed at diagnosing the use of big data analyses in medical facilities in Poland.

Healthcare is a complex system with varied stakeholders: patients, doctors, hospitals, pharmaceutical companies and healthcare decision-makers. This sector is also limited by strict rules and regulations. However, worldwide one may observe a departure from the traditional doctor-patient approach. The doctor becomes a partner and the patient is involved in the therapeutic process [ 14 ]. Healthcare is no longer focused solely on the treatment of patients. The priority for decision-makers should be to promote proper health attitudes and prevent diseases that can be avoided [ 81 ]. This became visible and important especially during the Covid-19 pandemic [ 44 ].

The next challenges that healthcare will have to face is the growing number of elderly people and a decline in fertility. Fertility rates in the country are found below the reproductive minimum necessary to keep the population stable [ 10 ]. The reflection of both effects, namely the increase in age and lower fertility rates, are demographic load indicators, which is constantly growing. Forecasts show that providing healthcare in the form it is provided today will become impossible in the next 20 years [ 70 ]. It is especially visible now during the Covid-19 pandemic when healthcare faced quite a challenge related to the analysis of huge data amounts and the need to identify trends and predict the spread of the coronavirus. The pandemic showed it even more that patients should have access to information about their health condition, the possibility of digital analysis of this data and access to reliable medical support online. Health monitoring and cooperation with doctors in order to prevent diseases can actually revolutionize the healthcare system. One of the most important aspects of the change necessary in healthcare is putting the patient in the center of the system.

Technology is not enough to achieve these goals. Therefore, changes should be made not only at the technological level but also in the management and design of complete healthcare processes and what is more, they should affect the business models of service providers. The use of Big Data Analytics is becoming more and more common in enterprises [ 17 , 54 ]. However, medical enterprises still cannot keep up with the information needs of patients, clinicians, administrators and the creator’s policy. The adoption of a Big Data approach would allow the implementation of personalized and precise medicine based on personalized information, delivered in real time and tailored to individual patients.

To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement systems that will be able to learn quickly about the data generated by people within clinical care and everyday life. This will enable data-driven decision making, receiving better personalized predictions about prognosis and responses to treatments; a deeper understanding of the complex factors and their interactions that influence health at the patient level, the health system and society, enhanced approaches to detecting safety problems with drugs and devices, as well as more effective methods of comparing prevention, diagnostic, and treatment options [ 40 ].

In the literature, there is a lot of research showing what opportunities can be offered to companies by big data analysis and what data can be analyzed. However, there are few studies showing how data analysis in the area of healthcare is performed, what data is used by medical facilities and what analyses and in which areas they carry out. This paper aims to fill this gap by presenting the results of research carried out in medical facilities in Poland. The goal is to analyze the possibilities of using Big Data Analytics in healthcare, especially in Polish conditions. In particular, the paper is aimed at determining what data is processed by medical facilities in Poland, what analyses they perform and in what areas, and how they assess their analytical maturity. In order to achieve this goal, a critical analysis of the literature was performed, and the direct research was based on a research questionnaire conducted on a sample of 217 medical facilities in Poland. It was hypothesized that medical facilities in Poland are working on both structured and unstructured data and moving towards data-based healthcare and its benefits. Examining the maturity of healthcare facilities in the use of Big Data and Big Data Analytics is crucial in determining the potential future benefits that the healthcare sector can gain from Big Data Analytics. There is also a pressing need to predicate whether, in the coming years, healthcare will be able to cope with the threats and challenges it faces.

This paper is divided into eight parts. The first is the introduction which provides background and the general problem statement of this research. In the second part, this paper discusses considerations on use of Big Data and Big Data Analytics in Healthcare, and then, in the third part, it moves on to challenges and potential benefits of using Big Data Analytics in healthcare. The next part involves the explanation of the proposed method. The result of direct research and discussion are presented in the fifth part, while the following part of the paper is the conclusion. The seventh part of the paper presents practical implications. The final section of the paper provides limitations and directions for future research.

Considerations on use Big Data and Big Data Analytics in the healthcare

In recent years one can observe a constantly increasing demand for solutions offering effective analytical tools. This trend is also noticeable in the analysis of large volumes of data (Big Data, BD). Organizations are looking for ways to use the power of Big Data to improve their decision making, competitive advantage or business performance [ 7 , 54 ]. Big Data is considered to offer potential solutions to public and private organizations, however, still not much is known about the outcome of the practical use of Big Data in different types of organizations [ 24 ].

As already mentioned, in recent years, healthcare management worldwide has been changed from a disease-centered model to a patient-centered model, even in value-based healthcare delivery model [ 68 ]. In order to meet the requirements of this model and provide effective patient-centered care, it is necessary to manage and analyze healthcare Big Data.

The issue often raised when it comes to the use of data in healthcare is the appropriate use of Big Data. Healthcare has always generated huge amounts of data and nowadays, the introduction of electronic medical records, as well as the huge amount of data sent by various types of sensors or generated by patients in social media causes data streams to constantly grow. Also, the medical industry generates significant amounts of data, including clinical records, medical images, genomic data and health behaviors. Proper use of the data will allow healthcare organizations to support clinical decision-making, disease surveillance, and public health management. The challenge posed by clinical data processing involves not only the quantity of data but also the difficulty in processing it.

In the literature one can find many different definitions of Big Data. This concept has evolved in recent years, however, it is still not clearly understood. Nevertheless, despite the range and differences in definitions, Big Data can be treated as a: large amount of digital data, large data sets, tool, technology or phenomenon (cultural or technological.

Big Data can be considered as massive and continually generated digital datasets that are produced via interactions with online technologies [ 53 ]. Big Data can be defined as datasets that are of such large sizes that they pose challenges in traditional storage and analysis techniques [ 28 ]. A similar opinion about Big Data was presented by Ohlhorst who sees Big Data as extremely large data sets, possible neither to manage nor to analyze with traditional data processing tools [ 57 ]. In his opinion, the bigger the data set, the more difficult it is to gain any value from it.

In turn, Knapp perceived Big Data as tools, processes and procedures that allow an organization to create, manipulate and manage very large data sets and storage facilities [ 38 ]. From this point of view, Big Data is identified as a tool to gather information from different databases and processes, allowing users to manage large amounts of data.

Similar perception of the term ‘Big Data’ is shown by Carter. According to him, Big Data technologies refer to a new generation of technologies and architectures, designed to economically extract value from very large volumes of a wide variety of data by enabling high velocity capture, discovery and/or analysis [ 13 ].

Jordan combines these two approaches by identifying Big Data as a complex system, as it needs data bases for data to be stored in, programs and tools to be managed, as well as expertise and personnel able to retrieve useful information and visualization to be understood [ 37 ].

Following the definition of Laney for Big Data, it can be state that: it is large amount of data generated in very fast motion and it contains a lot of content [ 43 ]. Such data comes from unstructured sources, such as stream of clicks on the web, social networks (Twitter, blogs, Facebook), video recordings from the shops, recording of calls in a call center, real time information from various kinds of sensors, RFID, GPS devices, mobile phones and other devices that identify and monitor something [ 8 ]. Big Data is a powerful digital data silo, raw, collected with all sorts of sources, unstructured and difficult, or even impossible, to analyze using conventional techniques used so far to relational databases.

While describing Big Data, it cannot be overlooked that the term refers more to a phenomenon than to specific technology. Therefore, instead of defining this phenomenon, trying to describe them, more authors are describing Big Data by giving them characteristics included a collection of V’s related to its nature [ 2 , 3 , 23 , 25 , 58 ]:

Volume (refers to the amount of data and is one of the biggest challenges in Big Data Analytics),

Velocity (speed with which new data is generated, the challenge is to be able to manage data effectively and in real time),

Variety (heterogeneity of data, many different types of healthcare data, the challenge is to derive insights by looking at all available heterogenous data in a holistic manner),

Variability (inconsistency of data, the challenge is to correct the interpretation of data that can vary significantly depending on the context),

Veracity (how trustworthy the data is, quality of the data),

Visualization (ability to interpret data and resulting insights, challenging for Big Data due to its other features as described above).

Value (the goal of Big Data Analytics is to discover the hidden knowledge from huge amounts of data).

Big Data is defined as an information asset with high volume, velocity, and variety, which requires specific technology and method for its transformation into value [ 21 , 77 ]. Big Data is also a collection of information about high-volume, high volatility or high diversity, requiring new forms of processing in order to support decision-making, discovering new phenomena and process optimization [ 5 , 7 ]. Big Data is too large for traditional data-processing systems and software tools to capture, store, manage and analyze, therefore it requires new technologies [ 28 , 50 , 61 ] to manage (capture, aggregate, process) its volume, velocity and variety [ 9 ].

Undoubtedly, Big Data differs from the data sources used so far by organizations. Therefore, organizations must approach this type of unstructured data in a different way. First of all, organizations must start to see data as flows and not stocks—this entails the need to implement the so-called streaming analytics [ 48 ]. The mentioned features make it necessary to use new IT tools that allow the fullest use of new data [ 58 ]. The Big Data idea, inseparable from the huge increase in data available to various organizations or individuals, creates opportunities for access to valuable analyses, conclusions and enables making more accurate decisions [ 6 , 11 , 59 ].

The Big Data concept is constantly evolving and currently it does not focus on huge amounts of data, but rather on the process of creating value from this data [ 52 ]. Big Data is collected from various sources that have different data properties and are processed by different organizational units, resulting in creation of a Big Data chain [ 36 ]. The aim of the organizations is to manage, process and analyze Big Data. In the healthcare sector, Big Data streams consist of various types of data, namely [ 8 , 51 ]:

clinical data, i.e. data obtained from electronic medical records, data from hospital information systems, image centers, laboratories, pharmacies and other organizations providing health services, patient generated health data, physician’s free-text notes, genomic data, physiological monitoring data [ 4 ],

biometric data provided from various types of devices that monitor weight, pressure, glucose level, etc.,

financial data, constituting a full record of economic operations reflecting the conducted activity,

data from scientific research activities, i.e. results of research, including drug research, design of medical devices and new methods of treatment,

data provided by patients, including description of preferences, level of satisfaction, information from systems for self-monitoring of their activity: exercises, sleep, meals consumed, etc.

data from social media.

These data are provided not only by patients but also by organizations and institutions, as well as by various types of monitoring devices, sensors or instruments [ 16 ]. Data that has been generated so far in the healthcare sector is stored in both paper and digital form. Thus, the essence and the specificity of the process of Big Data analyses means that organizations need to face new technological and organizational challenges [ 67 ]. The healthcare sector has always generated huge amounts of data and this is connected, among others, with the need to store medical records of patients. However, the problem with Big Data in healthcare is not limited to an overwhelming volume but also an unprecedented diversity in terms of types, data formats and speed with which it should be analyzed in order to provide the necessary information on an ongoing basis [ 3 ]. It is also difficult to apply traditional tools and methods for management of unstructured data [ 67 ]. Due to the diversity and quantity of data sources that are growing all the time, advanced analytical tools and technologies, as well as Big Data analysis methods which can meet and exceed the possibilities of managing healthcare data, are needed [ 3 , 68 ].

Therefore, the potential is seen in Big Data analyses, especially in the aspect of improving the quality of medical care, saving lives or reducing costs [ 30 ]. Extracting from this tangle of given association rules, patterns and trends will allow health service providers and other stakeholders in the healthcare sector to offer more accurate and more insightful diagnoses of patients, personalized treatment, monitoring of the patients, preventive medicine, support of medical research and health population, as well as better quality of medical services and patient care while, at the same time, the ability to reduce costs (Fig. 1 ).

(Source: Own elaboration)

Healthcare Big Data Analytics applications

The main challenge with Big Data is how to handle such a large amount of information and use it to make data-driven decisions in plenty of areas [ 64 ]. In the context of healthcare data, another major challenge is to adjust big data storage, analysis, presentation of analysis results and inference basing on them in a clinical setting. Data analytics systems implemented in healthcare are designed to describe, integrate and present complex data in an appropriate way so that it can be understood better (Fig. 2 ). This would improve the efficiency of acquiring, storing, analyzing and visualizing big data from healthcare [ 71 ].

Process of Big Data Analytics

The result of data processing with the use of Big Data Analytics is appropriate data storytelling which may contribute to making decisions with both lower risk and data support. This, in turn, can benefit healthcare stakeholders. To take advantage of the potential massive amounts of data in healthcare and to ensure that the right intervention to the right patient is properly timed, personalized, and potentially beneficial to all components of the healthcare system such as the payer, patient, and management, analytics of large datasets must connect communities involved in data analytics and healthcare informatics [ 49 ]. Big Data Analytics can provide insight into clinical data and thus facilitate informed decision-making about the diagnosis and treatment of patients, prevention of diseases or others. Big Data Analytics can also improve the efficiency of healthcare organizations by realizing the data potential [ 3 , 62 ].

Big Data Analytics in medicine and healthcare refers to the integration and analysis of a large amount of complex heterogeneous data, such as various omics (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, interactomics, pharmacogenetics, deasomics), biomedical data, talemedicine data (sensors, medical equipment data) and electronic health records data [ 46 , 65 ].

When analyzing the phenomenon of Big Data in the healthcare sector, it should be noted that it can be considered from the point of view of three areas: epidemiological, clinical and business.

From a clinical point of view, the Big Data analysis aims to improve the health and condition of patients, enable long-term predictions about their health status and implementation of appropriate therapeutic procedures. Ultimately, the use of data analysis in medicine is to allow the adaptation of therapy to a specific patient, that is personalized medicine (precision, personalized medicine).

From an epidemiological point of view, it is desirable to obtain an accurate prognosis of morbidity in order to implement preventive programs in advance.

In the business context, Big Data analysis may enable offering personalized packages of commercial services or determining the probability of individual disease and infection occurrence. It is worth noting that Big Data means not only the collection and processing of data but, most of all, the inference and visualization of data necessary to obtain specific business benefits.

In order to introduce new management methods and new solutions in terms of effectiveness and transparency, it becomes necessary to make data more accessible, digital, searchable, as well as analyzed and visualized.

Erickson and Rothberg state that the information and data do not reveal their full value until insights are drawn from them. Data becomes useful when it enhances decision making and decision making is enhanced only when analytical techniques are used and an element of human interaction is applied [ 22 ].

Thus, healthcare has experienced much progress in usage and analysis of data. A large-scale digitalization and transparency in this sector is a key statement of almost all countries governments policies. For centuries, the treatment of patients was based on the judgment of doctors who made treatment decisions. In recent years, however, Evidence-Based Medicine has become more and more important as a result of it being related to the systematic analysis of clinical data and decision-making treatment based on the best available information [ 42 ]. In the healthcare sector, Big Data Analytics is expected to improve the quality of life and reduce operational costs [ 72 , 82 ]. Big Data Analytics enables organizations to improve and increase their understanding of the information contained in data. It also helps identify data that provides insightful insights for current as well as future decisions [ 28 ].

Big Data Analytics refers to technologies that are grounded mostly in data mining: text mining, web mining, process mining, audio and video analytics, statistical analysis, network analytics, social media analytics and web analytics [ 16 , 25 , 31 ]. Different data mining techniques can be applied on heterogeneous healthcare data sets, such as: anomaly detection, clustering, classification, association rules as well as summarization and visualization of those Big Data sets [ 65 ]. Modern data analytics techniques explore and leverage unique data characteristics even from high-speed data streams and sensor data [ 15 , 16 , 31 , 55 ]. Big Data can be used, for example, for better diagnosis in the context of comprehensive patient data, disease prevention and telemedicine (in particular when using real-time alerts for immediate care), monitoring patients at home, preventing unnecessary hospital visits, integrating medical imaging for a wider diagnosis, creating predictive analytics, reducing fraud and improving data security, better strategic planning and increasing patients’ involvement in their own health.

Big Data Analytics in healthcare can be divided into [ 33 , 73 , 74 ]:

descriptive analytics in healthcare is used to understand past and current healthcare decisions, converting data into useful information for understanding and analyzing healthcare decisions, outcomes and quality, as well as making informed decisions [ 33 ]. It can be used to create reports (i.e. about patients’ hospitalizations, physicians’ performance, utilization management), visualization, customized reports, drill down tables, or running queries on the basis of historical data.

predictive analytics operates on past performance in an effort to predict the future by examining historical or summarized health data, detecting patterns of relationships in these data, and then extrapolating these relationships to forecast. It can be used to i.e. predict the response of different patient groups to different drugs (dosages) or reactions (clinical trials), anticipate risk and find relationships in health data and detect hidden patterns [ 62 ]. In this way, it is possible to predict the epidemic spread, anticipate service contracts and plan healthcare resources. Predictive analytics is used in proper diagnosis and for appropriate treatments to be given to patients suffering from certain diseases [ 39 ].

prescriptive analytics—occurs when health problems involve too many choices or alternatives. It uses health and medical knowledge in addition to data or information. Prescriptive analytics is used in many areas of healthcare, including drug prescriptions and treatment alternatives. Personalized medicine and evidence-based medicine are both supported by prescriptive analytics.

discovery analytics—utilizes knowledge about knowledge to discover new “inventions” like drugs (drug discovery), previously unknown diseases and medical conditions, alternative treatments, etc.

Although the models and tools used in descriptive, predictive, prescriptive, and discovery analytics are different, many applications involve all four of them [ 62 ]. Big Data Analytics in healthcare can help enable personalized medicine by identifying optimal patient-specific treatments. This can influence the improvement of life standards, reduce waste of healthcare resources and save costs of healthcare [ 56 , 63 , 71 ]. The introduction of large data analysis gives new analytical possibilities in terms of scope, flexibility and visualization. Techniques such as data mining (computational pattern discovery process in large data sets) facilitate inductive reasoning and analysis of exploratory data, enabling scientists to identify data patterns that are independent of specific hypotheses. As a result, predictive analysis and real-time analysis becomes possible, making it easier for medical staff to start early treatments and reduce potential morbidity and mortality. In addition, document analysis, statistical modeling, discovering patterns and topics in document collections and data in the EHR, as well as an inductive approach can help identify and discover relationships between health phenomena.

Advanced analytical techniques can be used for a large amount of existing (but not yet analytical) data on patient health and related medical data to achieve a better understanding of the information and results obtained, as well as to design optimal clinical pathways [ 62 ]. Big Data Analytics in healthcare integrates analysis of several scientific areas such as bioinformatics, medical imaging, sensor informatics, medical informatics and health informatics [ 65 ]. Big Data Analytics in healthcare allows to analyze large datasets from thousands of patients, identifying clusters and correlation between datasets, as well as developing predictive models using data mining techniques [ 65 ]. Discussing all the techniques used for Big Data Analytics goes beyond the scope of a single article [ 25 ].

The success of Big Data analysis and its accuracy depend heavily on the tools and techniques used to analyze the ability to provide reliable, up-to-date and meaningful information to various stakeholders [ 12 ]. It is believed that the implementation of big data analytics by healthcare organizations could bring many benefits in the upcoming years, including lowering health care costs, better diagnosis and prediction of diseases and their spread, improving patient care and developing protocols to prevent re-hospitalization, optimizing staff, optimizing equipment, forecasting the need for hospital beds, operating rooms, treatments, and improving the drug supply chain [ 71 ].

Challenges and potential benefits of using Big Data Analytics in healthcare

Modern analytics gives possibilities not only to have insight in historical data, but also to have information necessary to generate insight into what may happen in the future. Even when it comes to prediction of evidence-based actions. The emphasis on reform has prompted payers and suppliers to pursue data analysis to reduce risk, detect fraud, improve efficiency and save lives. Everyone—payers, providers, even patients—are focusing on doing more with fewer resources. Thus, some areas in which enhanced data and analytics can yield the greatest results include various healthcare stakeholders (Table 1 ).

Healthcare organizations see the opportunity to grow through investments in Big Data Analytics. In recent years, by collecting medical data of patients, converting them into Big Data and applying appropriate algorithms, reliable information has been generated that helps patients, physicians and stakeholders in the health sector to identify values and opportunities [ 31 ]. It is worth noting that there are many changes and challenges in the structure of the healthcare sector. Digitization and effective use of Big Data in healthcare can bring benefits to every stakeholder in this sector. A single doctor would benefit the same as the entire healthcare system. Potential opportunities to achieve benefits and effects from Big Data in healthcare can be divided into four groups [ 8 ]:

Improving the quality of healthcare services:

assessment of diagnoses made by doctors and the manner of treatment of diseases indicated by them based on the decision support system working on Big Data collections,

detection of more effective, from a medical point of view, and more cost-effective ways to diagnose and treat patients,

analysis of large volumes of data to reach practical information useful for identifying needs, introducing new health services, preventing and overcoming crises,

prediction of the incidence of diseases,

detecting trends that lead to an improvement in health and lifestyle of the society,

analysis of the human genome for the introduction of personalized treatment.

Supporting the work of medical personnel

doctors’ comparison of current medical cases to cases from the past for better diagnosis and treatment adjustment,

detection of diseases at earlier stages when they can be more easily and quickly cured,

detecting epidemiological risks and improving control of pathogenic spots and reaction rates,

identification of patients who are predicted to have the highest risk of specific, life-threatening diseases by collating data on the history of the most common diseases, in healing people with reports entering insurance companies,

health management of each patient individually (personalized medicine) and health management of the whole society,

capturing and analyzing large amounts of data from hospitals and homes in real time, life monitoring devices to monitor safety and predict adverse events,

analysis of patient profiles to identify people for whom prevention should be applied, lifestyle change or preventive care approach,

the ability to predict the occurrence of specific diseases or worsening of patients’ results,

predicting disease progression and its determinants, estimating the risk of complications,

detecting drug interactions and their side effects.

Supporting scientific and research activity

supporting work on new drugs and clinical trials thanks to the possibility of analyzing “all data” instead of selecting a test sample,

the ability to identify patients with specific, biological features that will take part in specialized clinical trials,

selecting a group of patients for which the tested drug is likely to have the desired effect and no side effects,

using modeling and predictive analysis to design better drugs and devices.

Business and management

reduction of costs and counteracting abuse and counseling practices,

faster and more effective identification of incorrect or unauthorized financial operations in order to prevent abuse and eliminate errors,

increase in profitability by detecting patients generating high costs or identifying doctors whose work, procedures and treatment methods cost the most and offering them solutions that reduce the amount of money spent,

identification of unnecessary medical activities and procedures, e.g. duplicate tests.

According to research conducted by Wang, Kung and Byrd, Big Data Analytics benefits can be classified into five categories: IT infrastructure benefits (reducing system redundancy, avoiding unnecessary IT costs, transferring data quickly among healthcare IT systems, better use of healthcare systems, processing standardization among various healthcare IT systems, reducing IT maintenance costs regarding data storage), operational benefits (improving the quality and accuracy of clinical decisions, processing a large number of health records in seconds, reducing the time of patient travel, immediate access to clinical data to analyze, shortening the time of diagnostic test, reductions in surgery-related hospitalizations, exploring inconceivable new research avenues), organizational benefits (detecting interoperability problems much more quickly than traditional manual methods, improving cross-functional communication and collaboration among administrative staffs, researchers, clinicians and IT staffs, enabling data sharing with other institutions and adding new services, content sources and research partners), managerial benefits (gaining quick insights about changing healthcare trends in the market, providing members of the board and heads of department with sound decision-support information on the daily clinical setting, optimizing business growth-related decisions) and strategic benefits (providing a big picture view of treatment delivery for meeting future need, creating high competitive healthcare services) [ 73 ].

The above specification does not constitute a full list of potential areas of use of Big Data Analysis in healthcare because the possibilities of using analysis are practically unlimited. In addition, advanced analytical tools allow to analyze data from all possible sources and conduct cross-analyses to provide better data insights [ 26 ]. For example, a cross-analysis can refer to a combination of patient characteristics, as well as costs and care results that can help identify the best, in medical terms, and the most cost-effective treatment or treatments and this may allow a better adjustment of the service provider’s offer [ 62 ].

In turn, the analysis of patient profiles (e.g. segmentation and predictive modeling) allows identification of people who should be subject to prophylaxis, prevention or should change their lifestyle [ 8 ]. Shortened list of benefits for Big Data Analytics in healthcare is presented in paper [ 3 ] and consists of: better performance, day-to-day guides, detection of diseases in early stages, making predictive analytics, cost effectiveness, Evidence Based Medicine and effectiveness in patient treatment.

Summarizing, healthcare big data represents a huge potential for the transformation of healthcare: improvement of patients’ results, prediction of outbreaks of epidemics, valuable insights, avoidance of preventable diseases, reduction of the cost of healthcare delivery and improvement of the quality of life in general [ 1 ]. Big Data also generates many challenges such as difficulties in data capture, data storage, data analysis and data visualization [ 15 ]. The main challenges are connected with the issues of: data structure (Big Data should be user-friendly, transparent, and menu-driven but it is fragmented, dispersed, rarely standardized and difficult to aggregate and analyze), security (data security, privacy and sensitivity of healthcare data, there are significant concerns related to confidentiality), data standardization (data is stored in formats that are not compatible with all applications and technologies), storage and transfers (especially costs associated with securing, storing, and transferring unstructured data), managerial skills, such as data governance, lack of appropriate analytical skills and problems with Real-Time Analytics (health care is to be able to utilize Big Data in real time) [ 4 , 34 , 41 ].

The research is based on a critical analysis of the literature, as well as the presentation of selected results of direct research on the use of Big Data Analytics in medical facilities in Poland.

Presented research results are part of a larger questionnaire form on Big Data Analytics. The direct research was based on an interview questionnaire which contained 100 questions with 5-point Likert scale (1—strongly disagree, 2—I rather disagree, 3—I do not agree, nor disagree, 4—I rather agree, 5—I definitely agree) and 4 metrics questions. The study was conducted in December 2018 on a sample of 217 medical facilities (110 private, 107 public). The research was conducted by a specialized market research agency: Center for Research and Expertise of the University of Economics in Katowice.

When it comes to direct research, the selected entities included entities financed from public sources—the National Health Fund (23.5%), and entities operating commercially (11.5%). In the surveyed group of entities, more than a half (64.9%) are hybrid financed, both from public and commercial sources. The diversity of the research sample also applies to the size of the entities, defined by the number of employees. Taking into account proportions of the surveyed entities, it should be noted that in the sector structure, medium-sized (10–50 employees—34% of the sample) and large (51–250 employees—27%) entities dominate. The research was of all-Poland nature, and the entities included in the research sample come from all of the voivodships. The largest group were entities from Łódzkie (32%), Śląskie (18%) and Mazowieckie (18%) voivodships, as these voivodships have the largest number of medical institutions. Other regions of the country were represented by single units. The selection of the research sample was random—layered. As part of medical facilities database, groups of private and public medical facilities have been identified and the ones to which the questionnaire was targeted were drawn from each of these groups. The analyses were performed using the GNU PSPP 0.10.2 software.

The aim of the study was to determine whether medical facilities in Poland use Big Data Analytics and if so, in which areas. Characteristics of the research sample is presented in Table 2 .

The research is non-exhaustive due to the incomplete and uneven regional distribution of the samples, overrepresented in three voivodeships (Łódzkie, Mazowieckie and Śląskie). The size of the research sample (217 entities) allows the authors of the paper to formulate specific conclusions on the use of Big Data in the process of its management.

For the purpose of this paper, the following research hypotheses were formulated: (1) medical facilities in Poland are working on both structured and unstructured data (2) medical facilities in Poland are moving towards data-based healthcare and its benefits.

The paper poses the following research questions and statements that coincide with the selected questions from the research questionnaire:

From what sources do medical facilities obtain data? What types of data are used by the particular organization, whether structured or unstructured, and to what extent?

From what sources do medical facilities obtain data?

In which area organizations are using data and analytical systems (clinical or business)?

Is data analytics performed based on historical data or are predictive analyses also performed?

Determining whether administrative and medical staff receive complete, accurate and reliable data in a timely manner?

Determining whether real-time analyses are performed to support the particular organization’s activities.

Results and discussion

On the basis of the literature analysis and research study, a set of questions and statements related to the researched area was formulated. The results from the surveys show that medical facilities use a variety of data sources in their operations. These sources are both structured and unstructured data (Table 3 ).

According to the data provided by the respondents, considering the first statement made in the questionnaire, almost half of the medical institutions (47.58%) agreed that they rather collect and use structured data (e.g. databases and data warehouses, reports to external entities) and 10.57% entirely agree with this statement. As much as 23.35% of representatives of medical institutions stated “I agree or disagree”. Other medical facilities do not collect and use structured data (7.93%) and 6.17% strongly disagree with the first statement. Also, the median calculated based on the obtained results (median: 4), proves that medical facilities in Poland collect and use structured data (Table 4 ).

In turn, 28.19% of the medical institutions agreed that they rather collect and use unstructured data and as much as 9.25% entirely agree with this statement. The number of representatives of medical institutions that stated “I agree or disagree” was 27.31%. Other medical facilities do not collect and use structured data (17.18%) and 13.66% strongly disagree with the first statement. In the case of unstructured data the median is 3, which means that the collection and use of this type of data by medical facilities in Poland is lower.

In the further part of the analysis, it was checked whether the size of the medical facility and form of ownership have an impact on whether it analyzes unstructured data (Tables 4 and 5 ). In order to find this out, correlation coefficients were calculated.

Based on the calculations, it can be concluded that there is a small statistically monotonic correlation between the size of the medical facility and its collection and use of structured data (p < 0.001; τ = 0.16). This means that the use of structured data is slightly increasing in larger medical facilities. The size of the medical facility is more important according to use of unstructured data (p < 0.001; τ = 0.23) (Table 4 .).

To determine whether the form of medical facility ownership affects data collection, the Mann–Whitney U test was used. The calculations show that the form of ownership does not affect what data the organization collects and uses (Table 5 ).

Detailed information on the sources of from which medical facilities collect and use data is presented in the Table 6 .

The questionnaire results show that medical facilities are especially using information published in databases, reports to external units and transaction data, but they also use unstructured data from e-mails, medical devices, sensors, phone calls, audio and video data (Table 6 ). Data from social media, RFID and geolocation data are used to a small extent. Similar findings are concluded in the literature studies.

From the analysis of the answers given by the respondents, more than half of the medical facilities have integrated hospital system (HIS) implemented. As much as 43.61% use integrated hospital system and 16.30% use it extensively (Table 7 ). 19.38% of exanimated medical facilities do not use it at all. Moreover, most of the examined medical facilities (34.80% use it, 32.16% use extensively) conduct medical documentation in an electronic form, which gives an opportunity to use data analytics. Only 4.85% of medical facilities don’t use it at all.

Other problems that needed to be investigated were: whether medical facilities in Poland use data analytics? If so, in what form and in what areas? (Table 8 ). The analysis of answers given by the respondents about the potential of data analytics in medical facilities shows that a similar number of medical facilities use data analytics in administration and business (31.72% agreed with the statement no. 5 and 12.33% strongly agreed) as in the clinical area (33.04% agreed with the statement no. 6 and 12.33% strongly agreed). When considering decision-making issues, 35.24% agree with the statement "the organization uses data and analytical systems to support business decisions” and 8.37% of respondents strongly agree. Almost 40.09% agree with the statement that “the organization uses data and analytical systems to support clinical decisions (in the field of diagnostics and therapy)” and 15.42% of respondents strongly agree. Exanimated medical facilities use in their activity analytics based both on historical data (33.48% agree with statement 7 and 12.78% strongly agree) and predictive analytics (33.04% agrees with the statement number 8 and 15.86% strongly agree). Detailed results are presented in Table 8 .

Medical facilities focus on development in the field of data processing, as they confirm that they conduct analytical planning processes systematically and analyze new opportunities for strategic use of analytics in business and clinical activities (38.33% rather agree and 10.57% strongly agree with this statement). The situation is different with real-time data analysis, here, the situation is not so optimistic. Only 28.19% rather agree and 14.10% strongly agree with the statement that real-time analyses are performed to support an organization’s activities.

When considering whether a facility’s performance in the clinical area depends on the form of ownership, it can be concluded that taking the average and the Mann–Whitney U test depends. A higher degree of use of analyses in the clinical area can be observed in public institutions.

Whether a medical facility performs a descriptive or predictive analysis do not depend on the form of ownership (p > 0.05). It can be concluded that when analyzing the mean and median, they are higher in public facilities, than in private ones. What is more, the Mann–Whitney U test shows that these variables are dependent from each other (p < 0.05) (Table 9 ).

When considering whether a facility’s performance in the clinical area depends on its size, it can be concluded that taking the Kendall’s Tau (τ) it depends (p < 0.001; τ = 0.22), and the correlation is weak but statistically important. This means that the use of data and analytical systems to support clinical decisions (in the field of diagnostics and therapy) increases with the increase of size of the medical facility. A similar relationship, but even less powerful, can be found in the use of descriptive and predictive analyses (Table 10 ).

Considering the results of research in the area of analytical maturity of medical facilities, 8.81% of medical facilities stated that they are at the first level of maturity, i.e. an organization has developed analytical skills and does not perform analyses. As much as 13.66% of medical facilities confirmed that they have poor analytical skills, while 38.33% of the medical facility has located itself at level 3, meaning that “there is a lot to do in analytics”. On the other hand, 28.19% believe that analytical capabilities are well developed and 6.61% stated that analytics are at the highest level and the analytical capabilities are very well developed. Detailed data is presented in Table 11 . Average amounts to 3.11 and Median to 3.

The results of the research have enabled the formulation of following conclusions. Medical facilities in Poland are working on both structured and unstructured data. This data comes from databases, transactions, unstructured content of emails and documents, devices and sensors. However, the use of data from social media is smaller. In their activity, they reach for analytics in the administrative and business, as well as in the clinical area. Also, the decisions made are largely data-driven.

In summary, analysis of the literature that the benefits that medical facilities can get using Big Data Analytics in their activities relate primarily to patients, physicians and medical facilities. It can be confirmed that: patients will be better informed, will receive treatments that will work for them, will have prescribed medications that work for them and not be given unnecessary medications [ 78 ]. Physician roles will likely change to more of a consultant than decision maker. They will advise, warn, and help individual patients and have more time to form positive and lasting relationships with their patients in order to help people. Medical facilities will see changes as well, for example in fewer unnecessary hospitalizations, resulting initially in less revenue, but after the market adjusts, also the accomplishment [ 78 ]. The use of Big Data Analytics can literally revolutionize the way healthcare is practiced for better health and disease reduction.

The analysis of the latest data reveals that data analytics increase the accuracy of diagnoses. Physicians can use predictive algorithms to help them make more accurate diagnoses [ 45 ]. Moreover, it could be helpful in preventive medicine and public health because with early intervention, many diseases can be prevented or ameliorated [ 29 ]. Predictive analytics also allows to identify risk factors for a given patient, and with this knowledge patients will be able to change their lives what, in turn, may contribute to the fact that population disease patterns may dramatically change, resulting in savings in medical costs. Moreover, personalized medicine is the best solution for an individual patient seeking treatment. It can help doctors decide the exact treatments for those individuals. Better diagnoses and more targeted treatments will naturally lead to increases in good outcomes and fewer resources used, including doctors’ time.

The quantitative analysis of the research carried out and presented in this article made it possible to determine whether medical facilities in Poland use Big Data Analytics and if so, in which areas. Thanks to the results obtained it was possible to formulate the following conclusions. Medical facilities are working on both structured and unstructured data, which comes from databases, transactions, unstructured content of emails and documents, devices and sensors. According to analytics, they reach for analytics in the administrative and business, as well as in the clinical area. It clearly showed that the decisions made are largely data-driven. The results of the study confirm what has been analyzed in the literature. Medical facilities are moving towards data-based healthcare and its benefits.

In conclusion, Big Data Analytics has the potential for positive impact and global implications in healthcare. Future research on the use of Big Data in medical facilities will concern the definition of strategies adopted by medical facilities to promote and implement such solutions, as well as the benefits they gain from the use of Big Data analysis and how the perspectives in this area are seen.

Practical implications

This work sought to narrow the gap that exists in analyzing the possibility of using Big Data Analytics in healthcare. Showing how medical facilities in Poland are doing in this respect is an element that is part of global research carried out in this area, including [ 29 , 32 , 60 ].

Limitations and future directions

The research described in this article does not fully exhaust the questions related to the use of Big Data Analytics in Polish healthcare facilities. Only some of the dimensions characterizing the use of data by medical facilities in Poland have been examined. In order to get the full picture, it would be necessary to examine the results of using structured and unstructured data analytics in healthcare. Future research may examine the benefits that medical institutions achieve as a result of the analysis of structured and unstructured data in the clinical and management areas and what limitations they encounter in these areas. For this purpose, it is planned to conduct in-depth interviews with chosen medical facilities in Poland. These facilities could give additional data for empirical analyses based more on their suggestions. Further research should also include medical institutions from beyond the borders of Poland, enabling international comparative analyses.

Future research in the healthcare field has virtually endless possibilities. These regard the use of Big Data Analytics to diagnose specific conditions [ 47 , 66 , 69 , 76 ], propose an approach that can be used in other healthcare applications and create mechanisms to identify “patients like me” [ 75 , 80 ]. Big Data Analytics could also be used for studies related to the spread of pandemics, the efficacy of covid treatment [ 18 , 79 ], or psychology and psychiatry studies, e.g. emotion recognition [ 35 ].

Availability of data and materials

The datasets for this study are available on request to the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank those who have touched our science paths.

This research was fully funded as statutory activity—subsidy of Ministry of Science and Higher Education granted for Technical University of Czestochowa on maintaining research potential in 2018. Research Number: BS/PB–622/3020/2014/P. Publication fee for the paper was financed by the University of Economics in Katowice.

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Big Data Analytics
Data-driven healthcare

Big Data Analytics (PhD)

Program at a glance.

In State Tuition
Out of State Tuition

Learn more about the cost to attend UCF.

U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges - Most Innovative 2024

Big Data Analytics will train researchers with a statistics background to analyze massive, structured or unstructured data to uncover hidden patterns, unknown correlations and other useful information that can be used to make better decisions.

The program will provide a strong foundation in the major methodologies associated with Big Data Analytics such as predictive analytics, data mining, text analytics and statistical analysis with an interdisciplinary component that combines the strength of statistics and computer science. It will focus on statistical computing, statistical data mining and their application to business, social, and health problems complemented with ongoing industrial collaborations. The scope of this program is specialized to prepare data scientists and data analysts who will work with very large data sets using both conventional and newly developed statistical methods.

The Ph.D. in Big Data Analytics requires 72 hours beyond an earned Bachelor's degree. Required coursework includes 30 credit hours of courses, 21 credit hours of restricted elective coursework, and 21 credit hours of dissertation research.

All Ph.D. students must have an approved Plan of Study (POS) developed by the student and advisor that lists the specific courses to be taken as part of the degree. Students must maintain a minimum GPA of 3.0 in their POS, as well as a “B” (3.0) in all courses completed toward the degree and since admission to the program.

Statistical Colloquium Requirement - The department has a course, STA 7920 (Statistical Colloquium). This is a 0-credit course and should not impact your GPA. However, you will need at least 5 semesters of STA 7920 before you can graduate. With this course, you must attend the departmental colloquial.

Total Credit Hours Required: 72 Credit Hours Minimum beyond the Bachelor's Degree

Program Tracks/Options

Statistics Track

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Program Prerequisites

Students must have the following background and courses completed before applying to the Big Data Analytics PhD program. These courses are: MAC 2311C: Calculus with Analytic Geometry I, MAC 2312: Calculus with Analytic Geometry II, MAC 2313: Calculus with Analytic Geometry III, MAS 3105: Matrix and Linear Algebra or MAS 3106: Linear Algebra. These prerequisites are undergraduate courses offered through the Math department.

Degree Requirements

All Ph.D. students must have an approved Plan of Study (POS) developed by the student and advisor that lists the specific courses to be taken as part of the degree. Students must maintain a minimum GPA of 3.0 in their POS, as well as a "B" (3.0) in all courses completed toward the degree and since admission to the program.

Required Courses

STA6106 - Statistical Computing I (3)
STA6236 - Regression Analysis (3)
STA6326 - Theoretical Statistics I (3)
STA6327 - Theoretical Statistics II (3)
STA6246 - Linear Models (3)
STA6107 - Statistical Computing II (3)
STA6366 - Statistical Methodology for Data Science I (3)
STA6367 - Statistical Methodology for Data Science II (3)
STA7920 - Statistical Colloquium
STA7348 - Bayesian Modeling and Computation (3)
STA7722 - Statistical Learning Theory (3)
STA7734 - Statistical Asymptotic Theory in Big Data (3)

Restricted Electives (at least 9 credit hours must be STA coursework)

Other courses may be included in a Plan of Study with departmental approval. Other electives can be used at the discretion of the student advisor and/or Graduate Coordinator.
STA6226 - Sampling Theory and Applications (3)
STA6237 - Nonlinear Regression (3)
STA6346 - Advanced Statistical Inference I (3)
STA6347 - Advanced Statistical Inference II (3)
STA6507 - Nonparametric Statistics (3)
STA6662 - Statistical Methods for Industrial Practice (3)
STA6705 - Data Mining Methodology III (3)
STA6707 - Multivariate Statistical Methods (3)
STA6709 - Spatial Statistics (3)
STA6857 - Applied Time Series Analysis (3)
STA7239 - Dimension Reduction in Regression (3)
STA7719 - Survival Analysis (3)
STA7935 - Current Topics in Big Data Analytics (3)
CAP5610 - Machine Learning (3)
CAP6307 - Text Mining I (3)
CAP6315 - Social Media and Network Analysis (3)
CAP6318 - Computational Analysis of Social Complexity (3)
CAP6737 - Interactive Data Visualization (3)
COP5537 - Network Optimization (3)
COP6526 - Parallel and Cloud Computation (3)
COP6616 - Multicore Programming (3)
COT6417 - Algorithms on Strings and Sequences (3)
COT6505 - Computational Methods/Analysis I (3)
ECM6308 - Current Topics in Parallel Processing (3)
EEL5825 - Machine Learning and Pattern Recognition (3)
EEL6760 - Data Intensive Computing (3)
FIL6146 - Screenplay Refinement (3)
ESI6247 - Experimental Design and Taguchi Methods (3)
ESI6358 - Decision Analysis (3)
ESI6418 - Linear Programming and Extensions (3)
ESI6609 - Industrial Engineering Analytics for Healthcare (3)
ESI6891 - IEMS Research Methods (3)
STA5825 - Stochastic Processes and Applied Probability Theory (3)
COP6731 - Advanced Database Systems (3)
STA5104 - Advanced Computer Processing of Statistical Data (3)
STA5176 - Introduction to Biostatistics (3)
STA5703 - Data Mining Methodology I (3)
STA6223 - Conventional Survey Methods (3)
STA6224 - Bayesian Survey Methods (3)
STA6704 - Data Mining Methodology II (3)
STA6714 - Data Preparation (3)
MAP6195 - Mathematical Foundations for Massive Data Modeling and Analysis (3)
MAP6197 - Mathematical Introduction to Deep Learning (3)
COP5711 - Parallel and Distributed Database Systems (3)
CNT5805 - Network Science (3)

Dissertation

Earn at least 21 credits from the following types of courses: STA 7980 - Dissertation Research The student must select a dissertation adviser by the end of the first year. In consultation with the dissertation adviser, the student should form a dissertation advisory committee. The dissertation adviser will be the chair of the student's dissertation advisory committee. In consultation with the dissertation advisor and with the approval of the chair of the department, each student must secure qualified members of their dissertation committee. This committee will consist of at least four faculty members chosen by the candidate, three of whom must be from the department and one from outside the department or UCF. Graduate faculty members must form the majority of any given committee. A dissertation committee must be formed prior to enrollment in dissertation hours. The dissertation serves as the culmination of the coursework that comprises this degree. It must make a significant original theoretical, intellectual, practical, creative or research contribution to the student's area within the discipline. The dissertation can be either research‐ or project‐based depending on the area of study, committee, and with the approval of the dissertation advisor. The dissertation will be completed through a minimum of 15 hours of dissertation research credit.

Examinations

After passing candidacy, students will enroll into dissertation hours (STA7980) with their dissertation advisor. The dissertation can be either research‐ or project‐based depending on the area of study, committee, and with the approval of the dissertation advisor.

Qualifying Examination

The qualifying examination is a written examination that will be administered by the doctoral exam committee at the start of the fall term (end of the summer) and at the start of the spring term. The courses required to prepare for the examination are STA 6246, STA 6366, STA 6367, STA 6326, STA 6327 and STA 6236. Students must obtain permission from the Graduate Program Coordinator to take the examination. Students normally take this exam just before the start of their second year and are expected to have completed the exam by the end of their second year. To be eligible to take the Ph.D. qualifying examination, the student must have a minimum grade point average of 3.0 (out of 4.0) in all the coursework for the Ph.D. The exam may be taken twice. If a student does not pass the qualifying exam after the second try, he/she will be dismissed from the program. It is strongly recommended that the student select a dissertation adviser by the completion of 18 credit hours of course work, and it is strongly recommended that the student works with the dissertation adviser to form a dissertation committee within two semesters of passing the Qualifying Examination. To pass the exam, students need to pass all 4 parts. Students must take all 4 parts of the qualifying exam in their first attempt and must have completed all courses covered by the exam.

Candidacy Examination

The candidacy exam is administered by the student's dissertation advisory committee and will be tailored to the student's individual program to propose either a research‐ or project‐based dissertation. The candidacy exam involves a dissertation proposal presented in an open forum, followed by an oral defense conducted by the student's advisory committee. This committee will give a Pass/No Pass grade. In addition to the dissertation proposal, the advisory committee may incorporate other requirements for the exam. The student can attempt candidacy any time after passing the qualifying examination, after the student has begun dissertation research (STA7919, if necessary), but prior to the end of the second year following the qualifying examination. The candidacy examination can be taken no more than two times. If a student does not pass the candidacy exam after the second try, he/she will be removed from the program After passing the candidacy examination and meeting other requirements, the student can register for Doctoral Dissertation (STA7980). A minimum of 21 Doctoral Dissertation credit hours are required. The Candidacy Examination can be attempted after passing the qualifying examination. The Candidacy Examination must be completed within one years after passing the qualifying examination. A student must successfully pass the Candidacy Examination within at most two attempts.

Admission to Candidacy

The following are required to be admitted to candidacy and enroll in dissertation hours. Completion of all coursework, except for dissertation hours Successful completion of the qualifying examination Successful completion of the candidacy examination including a written proposal and oral defense The dissertation advisory committee is formed, consisting of approved graduate faculty and graduate faculty scholars Submittal of an approved program of study

Masters Along the Way

PhD Students can obtain their Master's degree in Statistics & Data Science - Data Science Track along the way to their PhD degree. To satisfy the requirements for the MS degree, the student must complete the following requirements: 1 - Complete the 24 hours of required courses for the MS degree - Data Science track. 2.- Complete 12 credit hours from the elective list for the MS degree - Data Science track, except STA 5205, STA 5505 and STA 5738. The student has the option of choosing between thesis option or non-thesis option.

Independent Learning

As will all graduate programs, independent learning is an important component of the Big Data Analytics doctoral program. Students will demonstrate independent learning through research seminars and projects and the dissertation.

Grand Total Credits: 72

Application requirements, financial information.

Graduate students may receive financial assistance through fellowships, assistantships, tuition support, or loans. For more information, see the College of Graduate Studies Funding website, which describes the types of financial assistance available at UCF and provides general guidance in planning your graduate finances. The Financial Information section of the Graduate Catalog is another key resource.

Fellowship Information

Fellowships are awarded based on academic merit to highly qualified students. They are paid to students through the Office of Student Financial Assistance, based on instructions provided by the College of Graduate Studies. Fellowships are given to support a student's graduate study and do not have a work obligation. For more information, see UCF Graduate Fellowships, which includes descriptions of university fellowships and what you should do to be considered for a fellowship.

Msc-Computer Science (Dissertation): Using big data for corporate brand analysis on the internet.

January 2020
Thesis for: Masters of Science - Computer Science - WITS - School of Computer Science & Applied Mathematics
Advisor: Prof Turgay Celik (University of the Witwatersrand); Examiner: Prof Abejide Ade-Ibijola (University of Johannesburg)

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Research Topics & Ideas: Data Science

PS – This is just the start…

We know it’s exciting to run through a list of research topics, but please keep in mind that this list is just a starting point . These topic ideas provided here are intentionally broad and generic , so keep in mind that you will need to develop them further. Nevertheless, they should inspire some ideas for your project.

Data Science-Related Research Topics

Developing machine learning models for real-time fraud detection in online transactions.
The use of big data analytics in predicting and managing urban traffic flow.
Investigating the effectiveness of data mining techniques in identifying early signs of mental health issues from social media usage.
The application of predictive analytics in personalizing cancer treatment plans.
Analyzing consumer behavior through big data to enhance retail marketing strategies.
The role of data science in optimizing renewable energy generation from wind farms.
Developing natural language processing algorithms for real-time news aggregation and summarization.
The application of big data in monitoring and predicting epidemic outbreaks.
Investigating the use of machine learning in automating credit scoring for microfinance.
The role of data analytics in improving patient care in telemedicine.
Developing AI-driven models for predictive maintenance in the manufacturing industry.
The use of big data analytics in enhancing cybersecurity threat intelligence.
Investigating the impact of sentiment analysis on brand reputation management.
The application of data science in optimizing logistics and supply chain operations.
Developing deep learning techniques for image recognition in medical diagnostics.
The role of big data in analyzing climate change impacts on agricultural productivity.
Investigating the use of data analytics in optimizing energy consumption in smart buildings.
The application of machine learning in detecting plagiarism in academic works.
Analyzing social media data for trends in political opinion and electoral predictions.
The role of big data in enhancing sports performance analytics.
Developing data-driven strategies for effective water resource management.
The use of big data in improving customer experience in the banking sector.
Investigating the application of data science in fraud detection in insurance claims.
The role of predictive analytics in financial market risk assessment.
Developing AI models for early detection of network vulnerabilities.

Data Science Research Ideas (Continued)

The application of big data in public transportation systems for route optimization.
Investigating the impact of big data analytics on e-commerce recommendation systems.
The use of data mining techniques in understanding consumer preferences in the entertainment industry.
Developing predictive models for real estate pricing and market trends.
The role of big data in tracking and managing environmental pollution.
Investigating the use of data analytics in improving airline operational efficiency.
The application of machine learning in optimizing pharmaceutical drug discovery.
Analyzing online customer reviews to inform product development in the tech industry.
The role of data science in crime prediction and prevention strategies.
Developing models for analyzing financial time series data for investment strategies.
The use of big data in assessing the impact of educational policies on student performance.
Investigating the effectiveness of data visualization techniques in business reporting.
The application of data analytics in human resource management and talent acquisition.
Developing algorithms for anomaly detection in network traffic data.
The role of machine learning in enhancing personalized online learning experiences.
Investigating the use of big data in urban planning and smart city development.
The application of predictive analytics in weather forecasting and disaster management.
Analyzing consumer data to drive innovations in the automotive industry.
The role of data science in optimizing content delivery networks for streaming services.
Developing machine learning models for automated text classification in legal documents.
The use of big data in tracking global supply chain disruptions.
Investigating the application of data analytics in personalized nutrition and fitness.
The role of big data in enhancing the accuracy of geological surveying for natural resource exploration.
Developing predictive models for customer churn in the telecommunications industry.
The application of data science in optimizing advertisement placement and reach.

Recent Data Science-Related Studies

Below, we’ve included a selection of recent studies to help refine your thinking. These are actual studies, so they can provide some useful insight as to what a research topic looks like in practice.

Data Science in Healthcare: COVID-19 and Beyond (Hulsen, 2022)
Auto-ML Web-application for Automated Machine Learning Algorithm Training and evaluation (Mukherjee & Rao, 2022)
Survey on Statistics and ML in Data Science and Effect in Businesses (Reddy et al., 2022)
Visualization in Data Science VDS @ KDD 2022 (Plant et al., 2022)
An Essay on How Data Science Can Strengthen Business (Santos, 2023)
A Deep study of Data science related problems, application and machine learning algorithms utilized in Data science (Ranjani et al., 2022)
You Teach WHAT in Your Data Science Course?!? (Posner & Kerby-Helm, 2022)
Statistical Analysis for the Traffic Police Activity: Nashville, Tennessee, USA (Tufail & Gul, 2022)
Data Management and Visual Information Processing in Financial Organization using Machine Learning (Balamurugan et al., 2022)
A Proposal of an Interactive Web Application Tool QuickViz: To Automate Exploratory Data Analysis (Pitroda, 2022)
Applications of Data Science in Respective Engineering Domains (Rasool & Chaudhary, 2022)
Jupyter Notebooks for Introducing Data Science to Novice Users (Fruchart et al., 2022)
Towards a Systematic Review of Data Science Programs: Themes, Courses, and Ethics (Nellore & Zimmer, 2022)
Application of data science and bioinformatics in healthcare technologies (Veeranki & Varshney, 2022)
TAPS Responsibility Matrix: A tool for responsible data science by design (Urovi et al., 2023)
Data Detectives: A Data Science Program for Middle Grade Learners (Thompson & Irgens, 2022)
MACHINE LEARNING FOR NON-MAJORS: A WHITE BOX APPROACH (Mike & Hazzan, 2022)
COMPONENTS OF DATA SCIENCE AND ITS APPLICATIONS (Paul et al., 2022)
Analysis on the Application of Data Science in Business Analytics (Wang, 2022)

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PDF Investigating the Impact of Big Data Analytics on Supply Chain
Thesis Title: Investigating the Impact of Big Data Analytics on Supply Chain Operations: Case Studies from the UK Private Sector A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Ruaa Hasan Brunel Business School Brunel University London 2021 . 2 | P a g e
PDF The Evolution of Big Data and Its Business Applications
The Evolution of Big Data and Its Business Applications. Doctor of Philosophy (Information Science), May 2018, 113 pp., 12 tables, 10 figures, references, 203 titles. The arrival of the Big Data era has become a major topic of discussion in many sectors because of the premises of big data utilizations and its impact on decisionmaking. It is an -
Big data analytics and firm performance: Findings from a mixed-method
A widely used definition of big data analytics regards them as " a new generation of technologies and architectures, designed to economically extract value from very large volumes of a wide variety of data, by enabling high velocity capture, discovery and / or analysis " (Mikalef, Pappas, Krogstie, & Giannakos, 2017).
PDF Big Data Analytics: A Literature Review Perspective
thesis work, various big data analytical techniques and tools are discussed to allow analysis of the application of big data analytics in several different domains. Keywords: Literature review, big data, big data analytics and tools, decision making, big data applications.
Big data analytics in healthcare: a systematic literature review
2.1. Characteristics of big data. The concept of BDA overarches several data-intensive approaches to the analysis and synthesis of large-scale data (Galetsi, Katsaliaki, and Kumar Citation 2020; Mergel, Rethemeyer, and Isett Citation 2016).Such large-scale data derived from information exchange among different systems is often termed 'big data' (Bahri et al. Citation 2018; Khanra, Dhir ...
PDF How Do Big Data and Data Analytics Impact the External Audit? a
H1: Applying Big Data and Data Analytics all through the different phases of the external audit leads to more efficiency and effectiveness: less time consuming and less costly. H2: The usage of Big Data and Data Analytics enhances the audit quality. H3: The usage of Big Data and Data Analytics enhances the identification of possible
PDF The Role of Big Data in Strategic Decision-making
ytics (LaValle et al., 2011; Mayhe. et al. 2016).Focus on rational decision-making. As it can be implied, big data analytics and the knowledge derived from data helps diminishing the challenges of bounded rationality - the necessity to make fast decisions and the needs for information.
(PDF) Big Data Analytics in Education:: Big Challenges and Big
Chapter Title: Big Data Analytics in Education: Big Challenges and Big Opportunities. Chapter Author (s): Sieglinde Jornitz, Laura Engel, Bernard Veldkamp, Kim Schildkamp, Merel Keijsers, Adrie ...
PDF MASTER THESIS BY MIKE PADBERG Big Data and Business Intelligence: a
MASTER THESIS Big Data and Business Intelligence: a data-driven strategy for e-commerce organizations in the hotel industry Date 03-09-2015 ... this ambition HotelSpecials already created a department for Big Data issues and specific Big Data analytics. Furthermore, the organization is at a first stage to change their enterprise ...
Strategies to Implement Big Data Analytics in Telecommunications
Big data analytics drive organizational intelligence among leaders to assist them with improving their business goals, such as more effective operations, satisfied customers, and high profits (Alsghaier et al., 2017).
Big Data Analytics Applications
Abstract. Big Data Analytics Applications (BDAA) are important for businesses because use of Analytics yields measurable results and features a high impact potential for the overall performance of ...
Programming big data analysis: principles and solutions
In the age of the Internet of Things and social media platforms, huge amounts of digital data are generated by and collected from many sources, including sensors, mobile devices, wearable trackers and security cameras. This data, commonly referred to as Big Data, is challenging current storage, processing, and analysis capabilities. New models, languages, systems and algorithms continue to be ...
How Healthcare Big Data Analytics Information Asymmetry Influences
unstructured digital health data referred to as. big data, has outpaced the capacity to analyze and derive actionable information (Prosperi et al., 2018). BDA, which is the integration and processing of heterogeneous digital data with specialized tools to discover new relationships and discover actionable insights (Ristevski & Chen, 2018), has the
DECAS: a modern data-driven decision theory for big data and analytics
6. DECAS as a modern data-driven decision theory. The proposed theory was named DECAS, or the theory encompassing the Decision-making process, dEcision maker, deCision, dAta, and analyticS. DECAS is an incremental qualitative theory which aims to add to the previous concepts of classical decision making.
PDF Impact of Big Data on Organizational Performance: A
model summary table 4.7, the value of variance R2 = 0.591, F (1, 89) =128.634, p-value <.05. This shows the prediction of the impact of BA on Organizational Performance is statistica. ly significant; 59.1% of Organizational Performance can be attributed to Business Analytics. The remaining 39.1% of impact on Org.
214 Big Data Research Topics: Interesting Ideas To Try
These 15 topics will help you to dive into interesting research. You may even build on research done by other scholars. Evaluate the data mining process. The influence of the various dimension reduction methods and techniques. The best data classification methods. The simple linear regression modeling methods.
The Impact of Big Data Analytics on Decision-Making
The following Big Data analytics [7] ... The considerations and results of analysis contained in the article confirm the thesis that the development of cyber theft of sensitive data on the ...
The use of Big Data Analytics in healthcare
The introduction of Big Data Analytics (BDA) in healthcare will allow to use new technologies both in treatment of patients and health management. The paper aims at analyzing the possibilities of using Big Data Analytics in healthcare. The research is based on a critical analysis of the literature, as well as the presentation of selected results of direct research on the use of Big Data ...
Big Data Analytics (PhD) Degree
The Ph.D. in Big Data Analytics requires 72 hours beyond an earned Bachelor's degree. Required coursework includes 30 credit hours of courses, 21 credit hours of restricted elective coursework, and 21 credit hours of dissertation research. All Ph.D. students must have an approved Plan of Study (POS) developed by the student and advisor that ...
Msc-Computer Science (Dissertation): Using big data for corporate brand
Using Big Data For Corporate Br an d Analysis On The Internet by Mike N KO NG O LO - 1171635 This work describes a Brand/ Reputation Analysis framework that uses senti-
Data Analysis & Visualization Master's Theses and Capstone Projects
Data Analysis and Visualization to Dismantle Gender Discrimination in the Field of Technology, Quinn Bolewicki. PDF. Remaking Cinema: Black Hollywood Films, Filmmakers, and Finances, Kiana A. Carrington. PDF. Detecting Stance on Covid-19 Vaccine in a Polarized Media, Rodica Ceslov. PDF. Dota 2 Hero Selection Analysis, Zhan Gong. PDF
Data Science & Analytics Research Topics (Includes Free Webinar)
Data Science-Related Research Topics. Developing machine learning models for real-time fraud detection in online transactions. The use of big data analytics in predicting and managing urban traffic flow. Investigating the effectiveness of data mining techniques in identifying early signs of mental health issues from social media usage.