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NCERT Solutions For class 9 Maths

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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths - Free PDF Download

Class 9 Maths is an important subject to master for students. In this class, they are introduced to concepts of Triangles, Polynomials, Number Systems, and much more. Also, the exercise questions are challenging, and thus we suggest the students to take guidance from reliable sources to prepare for the Class 9 Maths exam. In order to complete the vast syllabus in an easy and efficient way, Vedantu experts have compiled NCERT Class 9 Math Solution for students. These study materials act as guides that can help them progress in class. Students should download class 9th maths NCERT solutions PDF, for their preparation.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths - Chapter-wise List

Given below are the chapter-wise NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths . Go through these  9th maths solutions chapter-wise to be thoroughly familiar with the concepts.

Note: The chapters on Areas of Parallelograms and Triangles , Constructions and  Probability have been excluded from the Class 9 Maths textbook for the 2024-25 academic year

Also Check for: The Concepts of NCERT Class 9 Maths

Glance on NCERT Solutions Class 9 Maths

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths for all the chapters and exercises from Chapters 1 to 12 are provided.

Practising the textbook questions using these solutions can help students analyse their level of preparation and understanding of concepts.

Covering chapters like Number Systems, Algebraic Expressions, Linear Equations in Two Variables, Geometry, and Statistics.

The link also provides details about the exam pattern, marks weightage, and question paper design for CBSE Class 9 Maths.

This article also provides resources such as NCERT notes, important questions, exemplar solutions, RD Sharma, and RS Aggarwal solutions PDF for further reference.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter Details, Formulas and Exercises PDF

Chapter 1 - number system.

NCERT Class 9 Maths Chapter 1 sets the foundation for the subject. Solutions of text exercises and end exercise of Number are explained elaborately, to help understand the basic concepts. The chapter discusses the topics of rational, irrational numbers and representing the same on the number line. Students are also taught how to represent square roots, as well as terminating and non-terminating decimals on the number lines.

Exercise 1.1: Deals with basic classification of numbers. You might be asked to identify different types of numbers (natural, whole, integers, rational, irrational) from a given set.

Exercise 1.2: This exercise could involve applying properties of operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) to various number systems. You might be asked to check if a specific property holds true for a particular operation on a given set of numbers.

Exercise 1.3: Here, the focus might be on representing numbers on the number line. You could be solving problems that involve plotting numbers, finding the distance between two numbers, or comparing their relative positions.

Exercise 1.4: Here, you might be challenged with problems that involve comparing and ordering numbers of different types (e.g., rational vs. irrational).

Exercise 1.5: This exercise could be a mix of concepts covered earlier. You might be presented with a scenario that requires applying various aspects of number systems and their properties to solve it.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 1 on Number System, we cover the following:

Different Number Systems : natural, whole, integers, rational, irrational

Properties of operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) on these systems

Representing numbers on the number line

Relating terminating/non-terminating recurring decimals to rational numbers

Understanding irrational numbers (e.g., √2, √3)

Every real number has a unique position on the number line (and vice versa)

Introduction to √x for positive real numbers

Brief review of exponent laws (integral & rational powers)

Brief introduction to rationalizing numbers

Along with this, students can also download additional study materials provided by Vedantu, for Chapter 1 of CBSE Class 9 Maths Solutions–

Number System Important Questions

Number System Important Formulas

Number System Revision Notes

Number System NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Number System RD Sharma Solutions

Number Systems RS Aggarwal Solutions

Chapter 2 - Polynomials

Chapter 2 of NCERT Solutions of Class 9 Maths is on Polynomials . Students are introduced to the concept of Polynomials, which are expressions consisting of variables and coefficients. Properties such as addition, subtraction, division, multiplication of polynomials are taught in this chapter along with their factorisation. The Factor Theorem and Remainder Theorem making use of these polynomials are also provided in this chapter.

Exercise 2.1: This exercise deals with identifying basic components of polynomials. You'll practice recognizing terms, coefficients, variables, and the degree of a polynomial expression.

Exercise 2.2: Here, the focus is on classifying polynomials based on their degree. You might be asked to identify polynomials as linear, quadratic, cubic, etc., based on the highest exponent of the variable.

Exercise 2.3: This exercise involves recognizing zeroes (or roots) of a polynomial. You might be presented with a polynomial equation and asked to find the values of the variable that make the equation true (where the expression evaluates to zero).

Exercise 2.4: This exercise covers on the Factor Theorem. This theorem relates the factors of a polynomial to its zeroes. You might be challenged with problems that involve finding factors based on zeroes or vice versa.

Exercise 2.5: This exercise introduces basic algebraic identities. These are equalities that hold true for all permissible values of the variables involved. You might be asked to prove or use such identities for simplification.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 on Polynomials, we cover the following:

Explanation of a polynomial with one variable, its coefficients, along with examples and non-examples, its terms, and the zero polynomial.

Understanding the degree of a polynomial and types like constant, linear, quadratic, cubic polynomials; also monomials, binomials, and trinomials.

Concepts of factors, multiples, and zeros/roots of a polynomial/equation.

Introduction and rationale of the Remainder Theorem, with examples and comparisons to integers. Also, the statement and proof of the Factor Theorem.

Techniques for factorization of expressions like ax 2 + bx + c, a ≠ 0 where a, b, c are real numbers, and of cubic polynomials using the Factor Theorem.

Definitions of the Remainder Theorem and the Factor Theorem.

Along with this, students can also download additional study materials provided by Vedantu, for Chapter 2 of CBSE Class 9 Maths Solutions–

Polynomials Important Questions

Polynomials Important Formulas

Polynomials Revision Notes

Polynomials NCERT Exemplar Solution

Polynomials RS Aggarwal Solutions

Chapter 3 - Coordinate Geometry

Chapter 3 discusses the cartesian plane, coordinates of a point in the ‘xy’ plane, and several other significant terms associated with coordinate geometry. Students will learn how to plot points in the xy plane following the abscissa and ordinates, etc. With 3 exercises comprising both long and short questions, the exercises of NCERT Class 9 Solutions Maths for Chapter 3 are designed to test your application skills as well as cognizance.

Exercise 3.1: This exercise likely deals with the foundational concepts. You might be asked to explain how to describe the location of a point on a flat surface (like your desk) using coordinates. This involves understanding how perpendicular axes (X and Y) help pinpoint a position.

Exercise 3.2: Here, the focus is on translating coordinates into a visual representation. You'll probably practice plotting points on a graph based on their given coordinates (X and Y values).

Exercise 3.3: This exercise flips the script. You might be given a graph with points plotted and asked to determine their corresponding coordinates based on their position on the axes.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 3 on Coordinate Geometry, we cover the following:

The Cartesian Plane : A plane with a horizontal axis (x-axis) and a vertical axis (y-axis) that intersect at the origin (0,0).

Coordinates of a Point : Each point on the Cartesian plane is defined by an ordered pair (𝑥,𝑦), representing its position along the x-axis and y-axis.

Names and Terms Associated with the Coordinate Plane : Terminology includes terms like origin, quadrants, axes, and coordinate points.

Notations Used in Coordinate Geometry : Symbols and notations such as ( x , y ) for points, and 𝑂 for the origin.

Plotting Points on the Plane : The process of marking points on the Cartesian plane based on their coordinates (𝑥,𝑦)

Graph of Linear Equations with Examples : Representation of linear equations on the Cartesian plane, typically resulting in a straight line.

Focusing on Linear Equations of the Form ax + by + c =0 : Understanding and simplifying linear equations to the slope-intercept form 𝑦=𝑚𝑥+𝑐

Linking with the Chapter on Linear Equations in Two Variables : Connecting concepts from coordinate geometry with those from the study of linear equations involving two variables.

Along with this, students can also download additional study materials provided by Vedantu, for Chapter 3 of CBSE Class 9 Maths Solutions–

Coordinate Geometry Important Questions

Coordinate Geometry Important Formulas

Coordinate Geometry Revision Notes

Coordinate Geometry RD Sharma Solutions

Coordinate Geometry RS Aggarwal Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 4 Linear Equations in Two Variables

Chapter 4 also discusses the concept of linear equations having two variables. Students already equipped with the knowledge of coordinate geometry will learn how to plot the graph of a linear equation with two variables.

NCERT 9th class Maths book solutions include 4 exercises with 16 questions in total. This chapter includes application-based questions to test your understanding of the chapter.

Exercise 4.1: This exercise focuses on writing linear equations in two variables. You'll likely be given worded problems describing relationships between two variables and asked to translate them into mathematical equations.

Exercise 4.2: Here, you'll practice solving linear equations in two variables. The problems might involve finding the values of the variables (x and y) that satisfy the given equation.

Exercise 4.3: This exercise introduces the concept of graphical representation of linear equations. You'll probably be asked to graph the solutions of the equations you practised solving in Exercise 4.2. This will help you visualize the relationship between the variables.

Exercise 4.4: This exercise builds on your understanding from Exercise 4.3. You might be given the graph of a linear equation and asked to interpret it, write the corresponding equation, or answer questions based on the visual representation.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 4 on Linear Equations in Two Variables, we cover the following:

Review of linear equations in one variable.

Introduction to equations involving two variables.

Demonstration that a linear equation in two variables has infinitely many solutions, represented as ordered pairs of real numbers.

Plotting these solutions to show they form a straight line.

Real-life examples and problems, including those on ratio and proportion, with both algebraic and graphical solutions presented simultaneously.

Along with this, students can also download additional study materials provided by Vedantu, for Chapter 4 of CBSE Class 9 Maths Solutions–

Linear Equations in Two Variables Important Questions

Linear Equations in Two Variables Important Formulas

Linear Equations in Two Variables Revision Notes

Linear Equations in Two Variables NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Linear Equations in Two Variables RD Sharma Solutions

Linear Equations in Two Variables RS Aggarwal Solutions

Chapter 5 - Introduction to Euclid's Geometry

The 5th Chapter, Introduction to Euclid's Geometry tries to establish a link between present-day geometry with that of Euclidean geometry. The axioms, theorems and postulates have been provided to provide students with an in-depth understanding. Chapter 5 of Class 9 Maths NCERT Solutions has 2 exercises. The questions are based on analysis to test your analytical skills.

Exercise 5.1: This exercise might involve basic definitions and properties of points and lines. You could be asked to identify points and lines in diagrams, understand how many points two lines can intersect, or differentiate between intersecting and parallel lines.

Exercise 5.2: Here, you might encounter proofs related to the properties of points and lines introduced in the chapter. These proofs could involve establishing simple facts using the definitions and axioms presented in Euclid's Geometry.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 5 on Introduction to Euclid's Geometry, we cover the following:

History – Euclid and the development of geometry in India.

Euclid’s method of transforming observed phenomena into precise mathematics using definitions, common notions, axioms/postulates, and theorems.

The five postulates of Euclid.

Equivalent interpretations of the fifth postulate.

Demonstrating the connection between axioms and theorems.

Along with this, students can also download additional study materials provided by Vedantu, for Chapter 5 of CBSE Class 9 Maths Solutions–

Introduction to Euclids Geometry Important Questions

Introduction to Euclids Geometry Important Formulas

Introduction to Euclids Geometry Revision Notes

Introduction to Euclids Geometry NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Introduction to Euclids Geometry RD Sharma Solutions

Introduction to Euclids Geometry RS Aggarwal Solutions

Chapter 6 - Lines and Angles

The 6th chapter in NCERT Solutions Class 9 Maths is on Lines and Angles. Students are mostly asked to prove the statements based on the axioms and theorems explained in the chapter. NCERT Solution Class 9 Maths of Chapter 6 includes 3 exercises.

Exercise 6.1: This exercise likely focuses on finding the measure of unknown angles based on given information. You might encounter problems where you need to use properties of angles (like a straight angle being 180 degrees) or identify special angle pairs (like linear pairs or verticals) to solve for missing angles.

Exercise 6.2: Here, the focus might shift towards introducing transversals and understanding how they interact with parallel lines. You could be solving problems that involve finding corresponding angles, alternate interior angles, or alternate exterior angles formed by a transversal intersecting parallel lines.

Exercise 6.3: This exercise could be a mix of concepts covered in the previous exercises. You might encounter problems that combine finding missing angles, identifying special angle pairs, and applying properties of parallel lines intersected by a transversal.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 6 on Lines and Angles, we cover the following:

Sum of Adjacent Angles on a Line : If a ray stands on a line, the sum of the two adjacent angles formed is 180°, and vice versa.

Vertically Opposite Angles : If two lines intersect, the vertically opposite angles are equal.

Angles Formed by a Transversal with Parallel Lines : Results on corresponding angles, alternate angles, and interior angles when a transversal intersects two parallel lines.

Parallel Lines : Lines parallel to a given line are also parallel.

Sum of Angles in a Triangle : The sum of the angles in a triangle is 180°.

Exterior Angle of a Triangle : If a side of a triangle is extended, the exterior angle formed is equal to the sum of the two opposite interior angles.

Along with this, students can also download additional study materials provided by Vedantu, for Chapter 6 of CBSE Class 9 Maths Solutions

Lines and Angles Important Questions

Lines and Angles Important Formulas

Lines and Angles Revision Notes

Lines and Angles NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Lines and Angles RD Sharma Solutions

Lines and Angles RS Aggarwal Solutions

Chapter 7 - Triangles

Triangles is the 7th Chapter in NCERT Maths Class 9 Solutions. The properties of triangles such as inequalities, congruence, rules of congruence have been explained in this chapter. Students are also taught about the application of the congruence rules while solving the exercise questions. NCERT Solution Class 9 Maths of Chapter 7 includes 5 exercises . These questions are designed to test your skills.

Exercise 7.1: This exercise deals with proving triangles congruent (having exactly the same size and shape) based on given criteria. You'll likely use properties like side-side-side (SSS) or angle-side-angle (ASA) congruence rules.

Exercise 7.2: Here, the focus is on properties of angles in triangles. You might encounter problems that involve finding the relationship between interior angles (angles inside the triangle) and exterior angles (angle formed by one side of the triangle and the extension of the other side).

Exercise 7.3: This exercise introduces the concept of midpoints and perpendicular bisectors (a line segment that bisects a side at a 90-degree angle). You might be asked to prove that a segment joining the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side and half its length.

Exercise 7.4: This exercise delves into the relationship between side lengths and angles in a triangle. You could be challenged with problems that involve proving that the longest side is opposite the largest angle in a right-angled triangle, or exploring relationships between side lengths in general triangles.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 7 on Triangles, we cover the following:

SAS Congruence : Two triangles are congruent if two sides and the included angle of one triangle are equal to two sides and the included angle of the other triangle.

ASA Congruence : Two triangles are congruent if two angles and the included side of one triangle are equal to two angles and the included side of the other triangle.

SSS Congruence : Two triangles are congruent if all three sides of one triangle are equal to all three sides of the other triangle.

Congruence in Right Triangles : Two right triangles are congruent if the hypotenuse and one side of one triangle are equal to the hypotenuse and one side of the other triangle.

Angles Opposite Equal Sides : The angles opposite equal sides of a triangle are equal.

Sides Opposite Equal Angles : The sides opposite equal angles of a triangle are equal.

Triangle Inequalities : Triangle inequalities and the relationship between an angle and the side opposite it; inequalities within a triangle.

Along with this, students can also download additional study materials provided by Vedantu, for Chapter 7 of CBSE Class 9 Maths Solutions–

Triangles Important Questions

Triangles Important Formulas

Triangles Revision Notes

Triangles NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Chapter 8: Triangles RS Aggarwal Solutions

Chapter 8 - Quadrilaterals

In chapter 8 you will be introduced to Quadrilaterals and their various properties. A quadrilateral is a figure obtained by joining four distinct points on a plane. Students are provided in-depth knowledge about the topic in this chapter.

NCERT Solution Class 9 Maths of Chapter 8 includes 2 exercises. These questions are based on your application skills and analysis skills.

Exercise 8.1: This exercise involves using theorems related to quadrilaterals, especially parallelograms. You might encounter problems that ask you to prove properties of a quadrilateral based on given information about its sides or angles. For instance, you could be asked to show that a quadrilateral with opposite sides equal and parallel is a parallelogram.

Exercise 8.2: Here, the focus shifts towards applying the Mid-Point Theorem. This theorem states that the line segment joining the midpoints of any two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side and half its length. You might be solving problems that involve using this theorem to prove properties of quadrilaterals or find missing lengths and angles within them.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 8 on Triangles, we cover the following:

Diagonals of a Parallelogram : The diagonal of a parallelogram divides it into two congruent triangles.

Equality of Opposite Sides in a Parallelogram : In a parallelogram, opposite sides are equal, and vice versa.

Equality of Opposite Angles in a Parallelogram : In a parallelogram, opposite angles are equal, and conversely.

Conditions for a Parallelogram : A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if a pair of its opposite sides are both parallel and equal.

Bisection of Diagonals in a Parallelogram : In a parallelogram, the diagonals bisect each other, and conversely.

Midpoint Theorem in Triangles : The line segment joining the midpoints of any two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side, and its converse can be motivated.

Along with this, students can also download additional study materials provided by Vedantu, for Chapter 8 of CBSE Class 9 Maths Solutions–

Quadrilaterals Important Questions

Quadrilaterals Important Formulas

Quadrilaterals Revision Notes

Quadrilaterals NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Quadrilaterals RD Sharma Solutions

Quadrilaterals RS Aggarwal Solutions

Chapter 9 - Circles

In this chapter of Class 9 Maths, you will learn about circles. Definition of a circle, tangent, chord, arc, etc., are described in this chapter. Various other concepts such as the angle subtended by the arc of a circle, cyclic quadrilaterals, etc., are also explained. 9th class Maths book solutions Chapter 9 includes 6 exercises and solutions to all 35 questions given in your NCERT Textbook. These questions are based on your numerical abilities, application skills, and memory skills.

Exercise 9.1: Deals with theorems about equal chords subtending equal central angles and vice versa (converse). You'll practice identifying these relationships and their implications.

Exercise 9.2: This exercise involves problems applying these central angle and chord relationships to solve for missing measures (angles or chord lengths) based on the given information.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 9 on Circles, we cover the following:

Defining Circle-related Concepts : Understanding the terms radius, circumference, diameter, chord, arc, and subtended angle through examples.

Equal Chords and Central Angles : Equal chords of a circle subtend equal angles at the centre, and vice versa.

Perpendicular Bisector of a Chord : The perpendicular from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord, and conversely, a line drawn through the centre of a circle to bisect a chord is perpendicular to the chord.

Uniqueness of Circles through Three Points : There is one and only one circle passing through three given non-collinear points.

Equal Chords and Distance from Center: Equal chords of a circle (or of congruent circles) are equidistant from the centre(s), and vice versa.

Angle Subtended by an Arc: The angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle subtended by it at any point on the remaining part of the circle.

Angles in the Same Segment : Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal.

Concyclic Points and Cyclic Quadrilaterals : If a line segment joining two points subtends equal angles at two other points lying on the same side of the line containing the segment, the four points lie on a circle. The sum of either pair of opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180°, and vice versa.

Along with this, students can also download additional study materials provided by Vedantu, for Chapter 9 of CBSE Class 9 Maths Solutions

Circles Important Questions

Circles Important Formulas

Circles Revision Notes

Circles NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Circles RD Sharma Solutions

Circles RS Aggarwal Solutions

Chapter 10 Heron’s Formula

Heron’s formula, the 10th chapter of Class 9 Maths, is used to calculate the area of a triangle when the lengths of its sides are given. Students are also taught how to calculate the area of quadrilaterals and other polygons by dividing them into triangles and applying Heron’s formula. NCERT Solution Class 9 Maths of Chapter 10 includes 2 exercises designed on your ability to decipher and apply the formula.

Exercise 10.1: This exercise involves practice problems where you'll be given the side lengths of a triangle and asked to find its area using Heron's Formula.

Exercise 10.2: This is a summary or review exercise. It revisits the key points of Heron's Formula, its application, or even ask you to solve problems similar to Exercise 10.1.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 10 on Heron’s Formula, we cover the following:

Area of a Triangle with Heron’s Formula : Finding the area of a triangle using Heron’s Formula, without going into the proof.

Application in Quadrilaterals : Using Heron’s Formula to find the area of a quadrilateral.

Along with this, students can also download additional study materials provided by Vedantu, for Chapter 10 of CBSE Class 9 Maths Solutions

Heron’s Formula Important Questions

Heron’s Formula Important Formulas

Heron’s Formula Revision Notes

Heron’s Formula NCERT Exemplar Solutions

Heron’s Formula RD Sharma Solutions

Chapter 11 - Surface Areas and Volumes

In this chapter, you will understand the significance of surface areas and volumes of cubes, cuboids, cones, etc. This chapter teaches students how to calculate the same. NCERT Solution Class 9 Maths of Chapter 11 includes 9 exercises and these questions will test your understanding ability and memory skills (required to retain the different formulae).

Exercise 11.1: Introduction to finding the curved surface area (CSA) of a cone. You'll be introduced to the relevant formula and practice using it on cones with different measurements.

Exercises 11.2 - 11.5: Further exploration of CSA. These exercises might involve variations like calculating CSA when the slant height or radius is missing, or solving problems with right cones vs. slanted cones.

Exercises 11.6 - 11.8: Shifting focus to total surface area. You'll likely learn the formula for total surface area (TSA) of a cone (CSA + area of the base) and practice applying it to solve problems.

Exercise 11.9: Introduction to volume of a cone. This exercise might involve the formula for the volume of a cone (1/3 * π * r² * h) and solving problems to find the volume based on cone dimensions.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 11 on Surface Areas and Volumes, we cover the following:

Introduction to Surface Areas and Volumes

Surface Area of a Cuboid and a Cube:

Surface Area of a Right Circular Cylinder

Surface Area of a Right Circular Cone

Surface Area of a Sphere

Volume of a Cuboid

Volume of a Cube

Volume of a Right Circular Cylinder

Volume of a Right Circular Cone

Volume of a Sphere

Surface Areas and Volumes Important Questions

Surface Areas and Volumes Formulas

Surface Areas and Volumes Revision Notes

Surface Areas and Volumes NCERT Exemplar Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 12 Statistics

Statistics is the 12th chapter in Class 9 Maths. Students are introduced to the concept of statistics and its significance and application in different fields. Concepts of data, data distribution, and representation, different types of graphs, etc., are also explained. Students will mainly learn to calculate mean, median, and mode in this chapter. NCERT Solution Class 9 Maths of Chapter 12 contains 4 exercises. The questions judge your comprehensive ability and analytical skills.

Exercise 12.1: This exercise involves interpreting data presented in a textual format (like percentages) and converting it into a suitable format for creating a bar graph.

Exercise 12.2: Here, you will be given a partially constructed bar graph with labels but missing bar heights. Based on the data provided, you'll likely practice calculating the heights of the bars and completing the graph.

Exercise 12.3: This exercise introduces you to interpreting information from a completed bar graph. You will be asked to answer questions like identifying the category with the highest/lowest value or comparing values between different categories.

Exercise 12.4: This exercise is a culmination of the previous ones. You might be presented with raw data or a partially completed graph, requiring you to use your understanding to create or interpret a complete bar graph and answer questions based on it.

In Class 9 Maths Chapter 12 on Surface Areas and Volumes, we cover the following:

Gathering data.

Presenting data in various formats such as tables, ungrouped and grouped data.

Creating bar graphs, histograms (with varying base lengths), and frequency polygons.

Analysing data qualitatively to determine the appropriate method of presentation.

Calculating mean, median, and mode for ungrouped data.

Statistics Important Questions

Chapter 12: Statistics Formulas

Chapter 12: Statistics Revision Notes

CBSE Class 9 Maths Chapter-Wise Marks Weightage 

Internal Assessment for CBSE Class 9 Maths

Benefits of Vedantu’S NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths

NCERT or National Council of Educational Research and Training was created to standardize India’s education system. The NCERT solutions can help you get an in-depth and detailed understanding of the concepts and questions from the NCERT textbooks. Here are some more benefits of Vedantu’s NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths:

1. All the Concepts are Explained in Detail

In these solutions, you will find that all the concepts have been explained in easy language and in detail. It will help you get a better understanding of the concepts and score well in your exams.

2. Accurate Solutions

The NCERT solutions for class 9 maths PDF by Vedantu have been created by experienced teachers. The solutions are well-reviewed so that students don’t get misguided by inaccurate study materials.

3. Learn Online and Offline

Vedantu’s NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths are available in PDF format online. You can download these PDFs and learn offline as well. This means you can study anytime and anywhere. It is also possible to share the links of the NCERT Maths class 9 solutions PDF download with your friends.

4. Get Your Doubts Cleared

If you are confused about any topic from your class 9 Maths syllabus, you can use these NCERT solutions for getting your doubts cleared. All the solutions are provided in an easy way so that you can have your concepts cleared.

5. Created by the Best Teachers

Vedantu’s NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths have been created by teachers who are subject matter experts. By studying through these high-quality study materials, you will be able to score more marks. The solutions have been designed after performing extensive research on the subject. Once you are done, you will be able to solve problems of varying difficulty levels.

6. Helps with Preparation For Exams

The NCERT Solutions contain a Chapter Wise List Of Class 9 Maths so that students can easily identify the important chapters that have significant weightage in the examinations. Thus, they can prepare for their exams well and score more marks by focusing on chapters that are crucial.

7. Makes Revision Easier

While revising the chapters, students don’t have to go through the entire book. The NCERT solutions have explained all the topics and concepts in a very easy manner. While solving the problems, students will learn about the theorems, formulas, and descriptions that are used. Thus, they will easily be able to complete the chapter without any interruptions.

Important Related Links for CBSE Class 9 Maths

Important Questions for CBSE Class 9 Math

RS Aggarwal Class 9 Solutions for Math book

NCERT Class 9 Math Formulas

NCERT Class 9 Maths Revision Notes

NCERT Class 9 Maths Exemplar Solutions

RD Sharma Solutions for NCERT Class 9

Vedantu's NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths provide comprehensive guidance and practice for each curriculum chapter. These solutions are essential for students aiming to understand concepts thoroughly and perform well in exams. Key areas to focus on include mastering formulas, practicing exercises, and understanding theorems and their applications. Additionally, topics such as Polynomials, Coordinate Geometry, Linear Equations, and Probability are crucial and often challenging, requiring extra attention and regular practice. Utilizing these solutions can significantly enhance a student's problem-solving skills and conceptual clarity.

FAQs on NCERT Solutions For class 9 Maths

1. How to study NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths in an easy way?

Vedantu offers a free PDF for NCERT Solutions for Maths Class 9. In addition to being totally free, the NCERT Maths class 9 solutions PDF download can be accessed anytime as per your convenience and from anywhere and what’s more important is that these are designed by experienced teachers and thus, are error-free and reliable.

2. How to download NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths PDFs?

The latest edition of  Class 9 NCERT Solutions for Maths are available at Vedantu from where they can be downloaded by clicking on the links provided. Based on the CBSE syllabus , these solutions will enhance your ability for exam preparation and the option for convenient download makes things more hassle-free. You can now prepare for Class 9 Maths as per the latest syllabus and get all the necessary study material at your fingertips.

3. Which are the important chapters in CBSE Class 9 Maths?

The Class 9 Maths important chapters include:

Polynomials

Surface Areas and Volume

Areas of Parallelograms and Triangles

Quadrilaterals

4. Which chapters and exercises are deleted from CBSE Class 9th Maths CBSE?

The chapters deleted from NCERT Class 9 CBSE Maths syllabus are Introduction to Euclid's Geometry and Areas of Parallelograms and Triangles. In addition to these, parts of various chapters are deleted as well.

5. Are these NCERT Solutions enough to score better in the Class 9 Maths Board Exam?

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths help students to find answers to the textbook exercise problems and clear all their doubts regarding the questions given in the NCERT book. The solutions are provided by expert teachers who are well versed in the curriculum. By referring to these, students can learn how to write answers in the exam that would fetch more marks. Students should, however, first make a habit of understanding the chapters and then refer to the NCERT Solutions if they are having trouble in solving the questions given in the textbook. Students are also encouraged to practise questions from previous years and solve sample papers to improve their scores in the exam.

6. Why is it important to refer to NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths?

Studying from the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths is very important as they are a reliable way for you to cross-check your answers. You can use these as a guide on how your answers should appear in an examination. It will help you ensure that you don’t miss any steps and score the best possible marks.

7. Should I make notes while going through the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths?

When you are creating notes, you are creating a simple guide that will help you build a thorough understanding of the subject as well as when you want to revise it. It helps you retain and recall concepts when needed. So, if you want to expedite your learning process, you need to make notes as well.

8. What is the best way to learn the concepts that are covered in the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths?

The best way for you to learn the concepts that are covered in the solutions is through regular practice. If you are facing some difficulty with a concept and are unable to proceed further, you need to clarify your doubts immediately. This will ensure that there are no gaps in your learning.

9. Can you use any other method for solving questions apart from the one provided in the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths pdf?

Yes, you can use some other method for solving problems as long as it is universally recognized. You cannot use any tricks to solve exam problems. You have to use standardized techniques.

10. Why should I refer to Vedantu’s NCERT Solutions Class 9 Maths?

Vedantu’s NCERT Solutions Class 9 Maths contains answers to all the questions in the NCERT Class 9 Maths book. The solutions are present in a simple manner so that students can understand easily. These solutions are framed by subject-matter experts and the solutions are updated according to the latest curriculum of the CBSE. Hence, these are very reliable. It will help students to clear their doubts and strengthen their concepts.

11. Should I practice NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths regularly?

Yes, you should practice NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths regularly. Solving questions daily will improve your speed and accuracy. Your fundamental concepts will be cleared, and you will understand chapters of higher classes easily. If you practice daily, you will gain sufficient confidence to attempt new questions, and you can even play around with the concepts, which will enhance your analytical skills.

12. What is the best reference book for Class 9 Maths?

Vedantu’s NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths is the best reference book for Class 9 Maths. It has detailed and comprehensive solutions to all questions in your NCERT Maths book . All the topics are covered in this book, and it focuses on strengthening your concepts. This is prepared by top faculties and is in accordance with the latest CBSE curriculum , and is very reliable.

13. Which is the hardest chapter in Maths Class 9?

The hardest chapter in Class 9 Maths often varies for different students based on their individual strengths and weaknesses. However, many students find "Chapter 8: Quadrilaterals" and "Chapter 10: Circles" challenging due to the abstract concepts and theorems involved. Additionally, "Chapter 13: Surface Areas and Volumes" can also be tough due to the complex calculations and spatial visualization required.

14. Which chapter is most important in Class 9 Maths?

All chapters in Class 9 Maths are important as they lay the foundation for higher classes. However, some particularly crucial chapters include "Chapter 1: Number Systems," "Chapter 6: Lines and Angles," "Chapter 8: Quadrilaterals," and "Chapter 14: Statistics." These chapters introduce fundamental concepts that are extensively used in higher-level mathematics.

15. Is Class 9 Maths easy?

Class 9 Maths can be easy for some students and challenging for others. It largely depends on a student's grasp of the basics, their interest in the subject, and the amount of practice they put in. Consistent study, understanding the core concepts, and regular practice can make Class 9 Maths manageable and even enjoyable.

16. Is Class 9 Maths important?

Yes, Class 9 Maths is very important. It builds the foundation for Class 10 and higher secondary level mathematics. The concepts learned in Class 9 are crucial for understanding more advanced topics in future classes. A strong understanding of Class 9 Maths also aids in various competitive exams and entrance tests later on.

By focusing on understanding the concepts thoroughly and practising regularly, students can excel in Class 9 Maths and find it to be a rewarding subject.

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Home » 9th Class » Class 9 Maths Question Paper 2023 (PDF) – 9th Annual Exam Maths Question Paper

Class 9 Maths Question Paper 2023 (PDF) – 9th Annual Exam Maths Question Paper

Class 9 Maths Question Paper 2023 contain questions asked in Maths exam in 9th standard final yearly assessment tests. Now at aglasem.com, you can readily download 9th Annual Exam Maths Question Paper PDF . As class 9 question paper of Maths is an important study material for terminal examinations. Therefore if you are a student of std 9th, and your tests are coming up, then you should download Maths question paper for final exams and solve it to improve your preparation.

Class 9 Maths Question Paper 2023

The question paper for class 9 (or 9th std) for Maths subject is as follows.

Class 9 Maths Question Paper 2023 – Click Here to Download Annual Exam Question Paper PDF

Class 9 Maths Annual Exam Question Paper 2023 PDF

We have provided you the direct link to download Maths question paper above. However if you want to read the 9th Maths Annual Exam exam question paper here itself, that is also possible. The complete paper is as follows.

Class 9 Annual Exam Question Paper

After you have solved the 9th Maths Annual Exam question paper, you may want the test papers for other subjects. So here are the subject-wise papers of final yearly exams for class 9.

Other Classes Yearly Exam Question Paper

Schools organize Annual Exam assessments for all classes. Here are the class wise test papers.

9th Annual Exam Maths Question Paper – An Overview

Some important things to note are as follows.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials

Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Solution for CBSE Board Class 9 Maths Exercise 2.1 in English Class 9 Maths Exercise 2.2 in English Class 9 Maths Exercise 2.3 in English Class 9 Maths Exercise 2.4 in English

Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Solution for State Boards Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.1 Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.2 Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.3 Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.4 Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.5

In addition to solutions, Tiwari Academy may also provide practice questions and additional exercises related to each topic. This extra practice can be valuable for reinforcing learning and improving problem-solving skills. Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Solution in Hindi Class 9 Maths Exercise 2.1 in Hindi Class 9 Maths Exercise 2.2 in Hindi Class 9 Maths Exercise 2.3 in Hindi Class 9 Maths Exercise 2.4 in Hindi

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials in Hindi and English Medium revised and modified for academic year 2024-25. The solutions offered by Tiwari Academy often aim to simplify complex mathematical concepts, making it easier for students to understand and grasp the subject matter. Questions are based on latest NCERT books following new syllabus for 2024-25 exams.

As per the Uttar Pradesh Board , Prayagraj – the NCERT Books are now implemented for class 9 Maths for 2024-25. So, the students of class 9 (High School) can download UP Board Solutions for Class 9 Maths Chapter 2 from the links given below. 9th Maths Chapter 2 Solutions are available in Hindi and English Medium.

Videos related to each exercise are also given below, which help the students to know the steps of solutions. Download NCERT (https://ncert.nic.in/) Solutions Apps and UP Board Solutions app 2024-25 and Offline Solutions based on latest Curriculum for 2024-25.

Study Materials on 9th Maths Chapter 2

• Study Material 9th Maths Chapter 2 in English Medium
• Study Material 9th Maths Chapter 2 in Hindi Medium
• Class 9 Mathematics Solutions Main Page

Important Questions on 9th Maths Chapter 2

Determine whether polynomials x³ + x² + x + 1 has x + 1 a factor.

Let p(x) = x³ + x² + x + 1 Putting x + 1 = 0, we get, x = – 1 Using remainder theorem, when p(x)= x³ + x² + x + 1 is divided by x + 1, remainder is given by p(-1) = (-1)³ + (-1)² + (-1) + 1 = – 1 + 1 – 1 + 1 = 0 Since, remainder p(-1) = 0, Hence x + 1 is a factor of x³ + x² + x + 1.

Use the Factor Theorem to determine whether g(x) is a factor of p(x): p(x) = 2x³ + x² – 2x – 1, g(x) = x + 1.

p(x) = 2x³ + x² – 2x – 1 and g(x) = x + 1 Putting x + 1 = 0, we get, x = -1 Using remainder theorem, when p(x) = 2x³ + x² – 2x – 1 is divided by g(x) = x + 1, remainder is given by p(-1) = (-1)³ + (-1)² + (-1) + 1 = – 1 + 1 – 1 + 1 = 0 Since, remainder p(-1) = 0, hence g(x) is a factor of p(x).

Find the value of k, if x – 1 is a factor of p(x) = x² + x + k.

p(x) = x² + x + k Putting x – 1 = 0, we get, x = 1 Using remainder theorem, When p(x) = x² + x + k is divided by x – 1, remainder is given by p(1) = (1)² + (1) + k = 2 + k Since x – 1 is a factor of p(x), hence remainder p(1) = 0 ⇒ 2 + k = 0 ⇒ k = -2

Find the zero of the polynomial p(x) = x + 5.

p(x) = x + 5 Putting p(x) = 0, we get x + 5 = 0 ⇒ x = – 5 Hence, x = – 5 is a zero of the polynomial p(x).

1. A combination of constants and variables, connected by four fundamental arithmetical operations +, -, x and / is called an algebraic expression. e.g. 6x² – 5y² + 2xy 2. An algebraic expression which have only whole numbers as the exponent of one variable, is called polynomial in one variable. e.g. 3x³ + 2x² – 7x + 5 etc. 3. The part of a polynomial separated from each other by + or – sign is called a term and each term of a polynomial has a coefficient. 4. Highest power of the variable in a polynomial, is known as degree of that polynomial. 5. The value obtained on putting a particular value of the variable in polynomial is called value of the polynomial at the value of variable. 6. Zero of a polynomial p(x) is a number alpha, such that p(alpha) = 0. It is also called root pf polynomial equation p(x) = 0. 7. Let f(x) be any polynomial of degree n,(n ≥ 1) and a be any real number. If f(x) is divided by the linear polynomial (x-a), then the remainder is f(a). 8. Let f(x) be a polynomial of degree n,(n ≥ 1) and a be any real number. Then, i). If f(a) = 0, then (x – a) is a factor of f(x). ii). If (x – a) is a factor of f(x), then f(a) = 0.

Polynomial on the Basis of Number of Terms

Polynomial on the Basis of Number of Terms A polynomial containing one non-zero term, is called a monomial. A polynomial containing two non-zero terms, is called a binomial. A polynomial containing three non-zero terms, is called a trinomial.

Polynomial on the Basis of Degree of Variables

A polynomial of degree 0, is called a constant polynomial. A polynomial of degree 1, is called a linear polynomial . A polynomial of degree 2, is called a quadratic polynomial. A polynomial of degree 3, is called a cubic polynomial. A polynomial of degree 4, is called a biquadratic polynomial.

What is the core motive of the chapter 2 Polynomials of class 9 Maths?

The core motive of chapter 2 Polynomials of class 9 Maths is to make the meaning of the following things clear to students.

• 1. Meaning of polynomials in one variable.
• 2. Terms of the polynomials.
• 3. Meaning of coefficients.
• 4. Meaning of zero polynomial.
• 5. Degree of the polynomial.
• 6. Types of the polynomial (Linear, Quadratic, Cubic).
• 7. Zeroes of a polynomial.
• 8. Factorization of polynomial, Factor theorem.
• 9. Algebraic identities.

Is the chapter 2 Polynomials of class 9th Maths complicated?

No, chapter 2 Polynomials of class 9th Maths is not that complicated. Basically, in exercises 2.3 and 2.4, most of the students face a little problem. Exercises 2.1, and 2.2 are quite easy compared to exercise 2.3 and 2.4.

How many exercises are there in 9th Maths Chapter 2 with least number of difficult questions?

In chapter 2 of class 9th Maths, there are four exercises. The first exercise (Ex 2.1) contains five questions, the second exercise (Ex 2.2) contains four questions, the third exercise contains five questions, and the fourth exercise (Ex 2.4) contains sixteen questions. So the second exercise (Ex 2.2) has the least number of questions.

How many theorems are there in the chapter 2 Polynomials of class 9 Maths?

There are two theorems (Remainder theorem and Factor theorem) in chapter 2 Polynomials of class 9 Maths. Both the theorems are important for the exams. The remainder theorem is used in exercise 2.3, and the Factor theorem is used in exercise 2.4.

« Chapter 1. Number Systems

Chapter 3. coordinate geometry ».

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• NCERT Exemplar
• Maths Exemplar Class 9

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths

Ncert exemplar solutions for class 9 maths – free pdf download (updated for 2023-24).

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths problems and solutions are focused on developing an understanding of basic concepts of Mathematics in students. Students are advised to practise NCERT Class 9 Maths Exemplar Solutions regularly to absorb conceptual knowledge effectively. These exemplar solutions are prepared by our subject experts for Class 9 students. These solutions introduce a few guidelines with several helpful tips and tricks to answer problems accurately.

BYJU’S brings you Class 9 Maths NCERT Exemplar Solutions, where students can easily prepare all the concepts included in the CBSE Syllabus in a much better and more effective way. Revision notes are also provided to help students grasp all the topics, along with a detailed summary, important formulas and shortcut tips. Students can enhance their exam preparations by practising NCERT Maths Exemplar for Class 9 Solutions from the links mentioned below.

You can also access and download NCERT Class 9 Books here.

Check the chapters covered here for the Class 9 Maths exemplar, along with the topics included in each chapter.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 1 – Number Systems

In this chapter, students will be introduced to solving exemplar problems based on irrational numbers, real numbers and their decimal expansion, representation of real numbers on the number line, exponents laws for real numbers, etc.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 2 – Polynomials

This chapter consists of problems based on polynomials in one variable, zeroes of a polynomial, remainder theorem, factorisation of polynomials and algebraic identities.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 3 – Coordinate Geometry

In this chapter, students will learn to solve problems based on the Cartesian system and plotting a point in the plane if its coordinates are given and on the related topics.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 4 – Linear Equations in Two Variables

Here, students will learn to find the solution for linear equations, to represent the linear equation in two variables graphically, solving equations of lines parallel to the x-axis and the y-axis.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 5 – Introduction to Euclid’s Geometry

This chapter introduces students to Euclid’s definitions, axioms and postulates, along with problems based on equivalent versions of Euclid’s fifth postulate.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 6 – Lines and Angles

Chapter 6 has problems based on lines (intersecting and non-intersecting), pairs of angles, parallel lines , transversals, two lines parallel to the same line and also questions based on the angle sum property of a triangle.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 7 – Triangles

The chapter Triangles is one of the important chapters which consists of topics like the congruency of triangles and their conditions. Students will also learn some of the basic properties of triangles and inequalities in triangles, etc.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 8 – Quadrilaterals

In this chapter, students get to solve exemplar problems based on the angle sum property of a quadrilateral. Also, they learn different types of quadrilaterals here. They also learn the properties of a parallelogram and conditions for a quadrilateral to be a parallelogram, along with the mid-point theorem.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 9 – Area of Parallelogram and Triangle

From the chapter name, it is clear that we are going to solve exemplar problems to find the areas of parallelograms and triangles where the parallelograms and triangles are on the same base and between the same parallels.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 10 – Circles

Here, students will learn about circles and their related terms, theorems and their proof based on angle subtended by a chord at a point, theorems based on perpendicular from the centre to a chord, to draw a circle with the help of three points, chords of the circle and their distances from the centre, the angle formed by the arc of a circle, quadrilateral formed inside a circle.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 11 – Constructions

Constructions is a chapter introduced in Class 9 to constructing different types of figures using geometry box instruments such as a compass, scale, divider, etc. Here, students will learn to construct the bisector of a given angle, the perpendicular bisector of a given line segment, a triangle, given its base, a base angle and the sum of the other two sides, etc.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 12 – Heron’s Formula

Students of Class 9 will learn to find the area of a triangle using Heron’s formula , along with the application of Heron’s formula in finding areas of quadrilaterals.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 13 – Surface Areas and Volumes

Learn to find the surface area of a cuboid, cube, right circular cylinder, right circular cone and sphere in this chapter. Also, learn how to find the volumes of a cuboid, cylinder, right circular cone and sphere with the help of standard formulas.

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 for Maths Chapter 14 – Statistics and Probability

Statistics is a chapter which has many real-life applications. In this chapter, students will learn about the collection and presentation of data along with their graphical representation and measures of central tendency. Students will also learn the basic approach to the probability of an event or the outcomes of an experiment. For further details, solve the NCERT Exemplar problems and understand the concepts in a better way.

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Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Class 9 Important Questions History Chapter 2

December 11, 2019 by Sastry CBSE

Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Class 9 Important Questions Social Science History Chapter 2

Important Questions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 2 Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution

Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Class 9 Important Questions Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. In the context of Russia, which group was the supporter of women’s Suffragette Movements? Answer: Radicals.

Question 2. Who was Karl Marx? Answer: Karl Marx was a philosopher who favoured socialism. He believed that to free themselves from capitalist exploitation, workers had to construct a radically socialist society, where all the properties were socially controlled.

Question 3. By whom was ‘Das Capital’ written? Answer: Karl Marx.

Question 4. Name the term that refers to ‘women’s right to vote’. HOTS Answer: Suffragette.

Question 5. Who were the ‘greens’ and ‘whites’? Answer: They were the group of people who were against the Bolshevik Revolution. They started a civil war. They were supported by the French, American, British and the Japanese troops as these countries were worried about the growth of socialism in Russia.

Question 6. What was the basic idea of socialism? Answer: Socialists were against private property, and saw it as the root of all social ills of the time.

Question 7. What was the basic idea of a communist society? Answer: All properties should be socially controlled.

Question 8. Who built the cooperative called ‘New Harmony’? Answer: Robert Owen.

Question 9. Name the European nation where the first ever socialist government was formed. Answer: Russia.

Question 10. What was the Russian Revolution? Answer: The fall of monarchy in February 1917, and the events of October are normally called the Russian Revolution.

Question 11. When was the Russian Social Democratic Workers Party founded, and by whom? Answer: In 1898, by the socialists, who respected Marx’s ideas.

Question 12. Who was ruling over Russia when the Russian Revolution took place? Answer: Tsar Nicholas II.

Question 13. What was the Second International? Answer: It was an International body which was formed to coordinate the ideas of the socialists.

Question 14. “The year 1904 was particularly bad for the Russian workers” Give reason. Answer: In 1904 prices of essential goods rose very quickly and the real wages declined by 20%.

Question 15. What was Duma? Answer: It was an elected consultative Parliament of Russia.

Question 16. Name the term that refers to the meaning of the word ‘Soviet’. Answer: A Revolutionary Organization.

Question 17. What was Bolsheviks? Answer: It was a socialist party of Russia which was led by Lenin.

Question 18. What was Mensheviks? Answer: It was a break away group of Bolsheviks. It was also a socialist party like that of Bolshevik.

Question 19. Define Kulaks. Answer: The wealthy farmers of Russia.

Question 20. In the context of Russia what was ‘Kolkhoz’? HOTS Answer: Kolkhoz were the collective farms, where all peasants were forced to cultivate from 1929.

Question 21. Who started ‘Collectivization Programme’ in Russia? Answer: Stalin.

Question 22. Who headed the Communist Party of Russia after the death of Lenin? Answer: Stalin.

Question 23. Which incident of the Russian history is known as ‘Bloody Sunday’? Answer: It was an incident in which more than 100 workers were killed and about 300 wounded. These workers were attacked by the police in 1905 when they reached the winter palace.

Question 24. What was Lenin’s ’April Theses’? Answer: In 1917, Lenin declared that the war be brought to an end, land be transferred to the peasants, and banks be nationalised. These three demands were Lenin’s ‘April Theses’.

Question 25. What was the new name of St. Petersburg*? Answer: Petrograd.

Question 26. Name a few countries that were part of central power during the First World War? Answer: Germany, Austria and Turkey.

Question 27. Name the term which was used for elected Consultative Parliament in Russia? Answer: Duma.

Question 28. At the beginning of the 20 th century, where did the vast majority of Russian people worked? . Answer: Agricultural sector.

Question 29. When did the First World War break out? Answer: 1914.

Question 30. Why is 22nd,February celebrated as the International Women’s day? Answer: Because on this day. women workers of Russia led a huge strike in the factories.

Question 31. What were the Muslim reformers within the Russian Empire called? Answer: Jadidists.

Question 32. To which place did industrialization bring men, women and children together? Answer: Factories.

Question 33. Name any two Indian nationalists who talked of the significance of the French Revolution. Answer:

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy and

Question 34. Name a few countries which were included in Russian Empire in 1914. Answer: Finland, Lithuania and Latvia.

Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Class 9 Important Questions Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Describe the views of radicals. Answer: The views of radicals are as follows:

• The group who wanted to bring about immediate social change in Russia was radicals.
• They wanted a government on the majority of country’s population.
• They were against private properties.

Question 2. Who were liberals? What were their political and social views? Or Liberals were not democrats. Explain. Answer: Liberals : One of the groups which looked to change society were the liberals. Political and Social Views of Liberals :

• Liberals wanted a nation which tolerated all religions.
• Liberals also opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers. They wanted to safeguard the rights of individuals against governments.
• They argued for a representative, elected parliamentary government, subject to laws interpreted by a well-trained judiciary that was independent of rulers and officials.
• However, they were not ‘democrats’. They did not believe in universal adult franchise, that is, the right of every citizen to vote. They felt men of property mainly should have the vote.
• They also did not want the vote for women.

Question 3. Distinguish between the ideas of liberals and the radicals. Answer:

Question 4. Who ruled Russia in 1914? How did he manage his empire? Explain. Answer: Tsar Nicholas II was ruling over Russia, during the revolution.

• He was an autocrat.
• Though he created ‘Duma’ after the Revolution, but never cared for it.
• He was carrying the war against the wishes of the people.
• He worked under a monk called Rasputin.

Question 5. Explain the views of different socialists and philosophers regarding the vision of the future or to transform the society. Answer:

• Robert Owen, a leading English manufacturer and a socialist sought to build a cooperative community called the New Harmony, in Indiana (USA).
• Louis Blanc of France wanted the government to encourage cooperatives and replace the capitalists.
• Karl Marx believed that to free themselves from capitalist exploitation, workers had to construct a radically socialist society, where all the properties were socially controlled.
• Friedrich Engels was also against capitalism.

Question 6. Explain any three reasons which led to civil war between the Bolsheviks and the Russian army of non-Bolsheviks. Or What conditions led to the Russian Civil War in 1918 – 1920? Give any four points. Answer:

• Impact of Land Redistribution Policy on Soldiers: When the Bolsheviks ordered land redistribution, the Russian army began to break up. Soldiers, mostly peasants, wished to go home for the redistribution and deserted.
• Opposition from Greens and Whites: Non-Bolshevik socialists, liberals and supporters of autocracy condemned the Bolshevik uprising. Their leaders moved to south Russia and organized troops to fight the Bolsheviks (the reds).’ During 1918 and 1919, the greens (Socialist Revolutionaries) and whites (pro-Tsarists) controlled most of the Russian empire.
• Outside Forces: The Greens and Whites were backed by French, American, British and Japanese troops. All these forces were worried at the growth of socialism in Russia.
• Use of Force: In many parts, Bolshevik colonists brutally massacred local nationalists in the name of defending socialism. In this situation, many were confused about what the Bolshevik government represented.

Question 7. ‘A communist society was the natural society of the future.’ Explain. Or Explain the views of Karl Marx on capitalism. Or Explain the thoughts and beliefs of Karl Marx which convinced the workers to enter into conflict with the capitalists. Answer:

• Marx was of the opinion that an industrial society was a ‘capitalist’ society.
• Capitalists earn profits because of workers.
• To increase his profits the capitalist uses two methods i.e., either by reducing wages or increasing the working hours.
• Marx believed that to free themselves from the capitalists, workers had to construct a radically socialist society where all the properties were socially controlled.

Question 8. Explain the economic condition of the workers before the Russian Revolution. Answer:

• Most of the industries were the private property of the industrialists. Most of the workers were working for about 10 to 12 hours a day.
• They were paid very low wages.
• The working conditions were also very poor.
• Women workers made up about 31% of the factory labour, but they were paid less than men.

Question 9. Mention four features of socialism. Answer:

• Socialists were against private property.
• Under socialism, the means of production are under the control of the government.
• Socialists regarded the private property as the root cause of all social evils.
• Socialism encourages cooperatives.

Question 10. Mention any four features of the Russian economy at the beginning of the 20th century. Or Describe the economic condition of Russia before 1905. Answer:

• The vast majority of Russia’s people were agriculturists. About 85 per cent of the Russian empire’s population earned their living from agriculture.
• Industry was found in pockets. Prominent industrial areas were St. Petersburg and Moscow. Craftsmen undertook much of the production, but large factories existed alongside craft workshops.
• Many factories were set up in the 1890s, when Russia’s railway network was extended, and foreign investment in industry increased. Coal production doubled and iron and steel output quadrupled.
• In the countiyside, peasants cultivated most of the land. But the nobility, the crown and the Orthodox Church owned large properties.

Question 11. Explain any three views of the socialists about private property. Answer: Views of socialists about private property are :

• They were against private property.
• They saw it as the root of all social ills.
• Individuals who owned the property were concerned about personal gain only.
• Those who make property productive are ignored by the owners of the property, (any three)

Question 12. Mention any four features of the Russian society of the 20th century. Answer:

• Workers were a divided social group. Some had strong links with the villages from which they came. Others had settled in cities permanently.
• Women made up 31 per cent of the factory labour force by 1914, but they were paid less than men (between half and three-quarters of a man’s wage).
• In the countryside, peasants cultivated most of the land. But the nobility, the crown and the Orthodox Church owned large properties. Nobles got their power and position through their services to the Tsar, not through local popularity.

Question 13. What were the differences between the Russian peasants and the other peasants of Europe? Or How were the peasants of Russia different from rest of Europe? Answer:

• Russia’s people were agriculturists. About 85 per cent of the Russian empire’s population earned their living from agriculture. This proportion was higher than in most European countries. For instance, in France and Germany the proportion was between 40 per cent and 50 per cent.
• In Russia, peasants wanted the land of the nobles to be given to them. They had no respect for them, whereas in other parts of Europe, the nobles were respected.
• Russian farmers pooled their land together periodically, and their commune divided it according to the needs of the individual families. This never happened in other parts of Europe.

Question 14. What were the main demands of April Theses? Or Explain the Lenin’s ‘April Theses’. Or Describe the three major demands of Bolshevik during 1917. Answer: Main demands of April Theses were :

• Lenin returned to Russia from exile and felt that it was time for Soviets to take over power. He declared that war be brought to an end, land be transferred to the peasants and banks nationalized. He also argued to rename Bolshevik Party as Communist Party.
• Started planning on uprising against government with the support of army.
• Military Revolutionary Committee was planned to seize the power and bring the city under control.

Question 15. Why did ‘the Kerenskii Government’ in Russia fall? Or Why did the Kerenskii Government become unpopular in Russia? . Answer:

• Lenin: In April 1917, the Bolshevik leader Lenin returned to Russia from his exile. He put forward the ‘April Theses’ due to which he got full support from the Russian workers. Bolsheviks supporters in the army, factories and peasants were brought together under one umbrella under his leadership.
• Trade Unions and Other Organisations: After the February revolution, workers were free to form associations and unions. So trade unions grew in number.
• Conflict between Bolsheviks and the Government: Regular conflicts between Bolsheviks and the government weakened the government. Bolsheviks were supported by Soviet army and factory workers.
• Non-fulfilment of Demands: The Provisional Government failed to meet any of the demands of theworkers and the common people.

Question 16. Describe the events that led to 1905 Revolution of Russia. Or Write A note on the Bloody Sunday incident. Or Which incident came to be known as Bloody Sunday? What were its consequences? V3Q Answer:

• The year 1904 was a particularly bad one for Russian workers. Prices of essential goods rose so quickly that the real wages declined by 20%.
• When four members of the Assembly of Russian workers were dismissed, the workers became agitated.
• In January 1905, a large number of peaceful workers led by Father Gapon reached the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg to present a petition to the Tsar.
• The workers were attacked by the police. Over 100 workers were killed, and about 300 wounded. Since the incident took place on Sunday, it is known as the ‘Bloody Sunday Consequences: Tsar underpressure from the masses was forced to announce his manifesto which led to the formation of Duma.

Question 17. Explain the mqjor events that were responsible for the Russian Revolution of 1905. Or Why were there revolutionary disturbances iii Russia in 1905? What were the demands of the revolutionaries? Answer:

• Autocratic Rule: Russia was under the autocratic rule of the Tsars. The Tsar Nicholas II was an inefficient and corrupt ruler.
• Role of Liberals and Socialists: Both Liberals and Socialists were against the dynastic rule. They worked with peasants and workers to demand a constitution. They were being supported by Jadidists.
• Strike of the Workers: The year 1904 was a bad year forythe Russian workers. Prices of essential goods rose so quickly that real wages declined by 20%. So there was a strike by the workers. They demanded reduction in working hours, an increase in wages and improvement in the working conditions.
• Bloody Sunday : The incident of Bloody Sunday in which more than 100 workers were killed became the turning point. It led to an all Russia strike. Lawyers, doctors, engineers and others demanded constituent assembly.

Question 18. What is meant by ‘October revolution’? Answer:

• It was the revolution which occurred in October 1917. It was led by Petrograd Soviet and the Bolshevik Party under the leadership of Lenin.
• A military Revolutionary Committee was appointed by the Soviet under Leon Trotskii to organise the seizure.
• The uprising began on 24th October. Though Prime Minister Kerenskii resisted but the seizure was complete within a day.
• The Bolshevik Party was renamed the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik).
• In November 1917, the Bolsheviks conducted the elections to the Constituent Assembly, but they failed to gain majority support. In January 1918, the assembly rejected Bolshevik measures and Lenin dismissed the assembly.
• In the years that followed, Bolsheviks took full control over the government and Russia became one party state.

Question 19. Explain any three major effects of the Russian Revolution of October 1917 on Russian economy. Answer:

• No Private Property: Private property in the means of production was abolished. Land and other means of production were declared the property of the entire nation. Labour was made compulsory for all and economic exploitation by capitalists and landlords came to an end.
• Nationalisation of Industries: The control of industries was given to the workers. All the banks, insurance companies, large industries, mines, water transports and railways were nationalised.
• Centralised Planning: A process cf centralised planning was introduced. Officials assessed how the economy could work and set targets for a five-year period. On this basis they made the Five Year Plans.

Question 20. How did Russia’s participation in the World War-I become a cause for the fall of Tsar? Explain. Or Explain any four reasons why Russian people wanted the Tsar to withdraw from the First World War. Answer:

• Loss of Soldiers: In the First World War, Russia lost more than 7 million soldiers. So there was a discontent among the masses.
• Destruction of Crops: The war led to the destruction of crops, homes and industries. So over 3 million people became refugees.
• Impact on Industries: Russian industry was dependent on other countries, and was cut off from other suppliers of industrial goods.
• Shortage of Workers: There was shortage of workers as most of the workers were sent to the army.

Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution Class 9 Important Questions Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. What are the main objectives of Liberals in Russia? Answer: The mam objectives of Liberals are as follows:

• They expected a nation which tolerated all the religions.
• They opposed the uncontrolled powers of dynastic rules.
• They wanted to safeguard the right to individual against government.
• They did not believe in universal adult franchise as they were not democrats.
• Liberals argued for a representative elected by the government. They were subjected to laws interrupted by a well-trained judiciary that was independent of rulers and officials.
• In the parts of Europe, where independent nation states did not yet exist. For example, Germany, Italy, Poland-men and women combined their demands for constitutionalism with national unification.
• They took advantage of the growing unrest and to push their demands for a creation of a constitution with freedom of press and freedom of association.

Question 2. Explain any five differences between the peasants of Russia and peasants of Europe. Answer:

Question 3. How far the economic and social conditions of Russia were responsible for the Russian Revolution? Explain by giving examples. Or Describe the circumstances which were responsible for the Russian Revolution. Answer:

(i) Agrarian Economy and Poor Condition of the Peasants: At the beginning of the 20th century, more than 85% of Russian population earned their living from agriculture. Most of the land was owned by rich people. Most of the peasants worked from dawn to dusk with very low wages or share. Most of the peasants were against the rich and the nobles.

(ii) Poor Condition of Workers: Most of the industries were controlled by the private individuals. In craft units, and small workshops, the working day was sometimes 15 hours. Most of the workers were working and living in poor conditions. Most of the workers were ill-paid.

(iii) Unemployment: Unemployment rate was very high. The rich industrialists were exploiting the workers. (iv) High Prices : Prices of essential goods rose so quickly that real wages declinedxby 20%.

(v) Condition of Women: Most of the women were working in small factories. Women made up about 31% of the factory labour force. They were paid less wages, and were forced to work for long hours. When they launched an agitation, they were fired at by the police.

Question 4. Explain the views of the Socialists on private property with special emphasis on Karl Marx. Answer:

• Marx argued that industrial society was capitalist. Capitalists owned the capital invested in factories, and the profit of capitalists was produced by workers.
• The conditions of workers could not improve as long as this profit was accumulated by private capitalists.
• Workers had to overthrow capitalism and the rule of private property.
• Marx believed that to free themselves from capitalist exploitation, workers had to construct a radically socialist controlled. This would be a communist society. He was convinced that workers would triumph in their conflict with capitalists. A communist society was the natural society of the future.

Question 5. What social changes were seen in the society after industrialisation? Or How did industrialization change the lives of people in Europe? Explain. Answer:

• Working Class: Industrialisation brought men, women and children to factories. Work hours were often long and wages were poor.
• Problem of Unemployment and Poverty: Problem of unemployment and poverty was rare in the countryside but this became a common phenomenon with industrialisation. Unemployment was common, particularly during times of low demand for industrial goods.
• Problem of Housing and Sanitation: Large-scale migration to cities lead to housing and sanitation problem.
• Trade Unions: Workers in England and Germany began forming associations to fight for better living and working conditions. They set up funds to help members in times of distress and demanded a reduction of working hours and the right to vote. In Germany, these associations worked closely with the Social Democratic Party (SPD) and helped it win parliamentary seats. By 1905, socialists and trade unionists formed a Labour Party in Britain and a Socialist Party in France.
• Socialism: Trade unions and worker’s union lead to idea of socialism. The development of the idea of socialism changed the political scenario. These trade unions stared demanding share in political power.

Question 6. Explain the collectivisation policy of Stalin. Or What were the major changes Introduced in agriculture by Stalin? Explain. Answer:

• The collectivisation policy was introduced by Stalin who came to power after the death of Lenin.
• The main reason was the shortage of grain supplies.
• It was argued that grain shortage was partly due to the small size of the holding.
• After 1917, the land had been given over to peasants. These small-sized peasant farms could not be modernised. To develop modern farms, and run them along industrial lines with machinery, it was necessary to eliminate ‘kulaks’, take away land from peasants, and establish state-controlled large farms.
• From 1929, the government forced all peasants to cultivate in collective farms (kolkhoz). The bulk of land and implements were transferred to the ownership of collective farms. Peasants worked on the land, and the kolkhoz profit was shared.
• Enraged peasants resisted the authorities, and destroyed their livestock. Between 1929 and 1931, the number of cattle fell by one-third. Those who resisted collectivisation were severely punished. Many were deported and exiled.
• As they resisted collectivisation, peasants argued that they were not rich, and were not against socialism. They did not want to work in collective farms for a variety of reasons.
• Stalin’s government allowed some independent cultivation, but treated such cultivators unsympathetically.
• In spite of collectivisation, production did not increase immediately. In fact, the bad harvest of 1930-1933 led to one of the most devastating famines in Soviet history when over 4 million died.

Question 7. Highlight any five changes brought by Lenin in Russia after October Revolution of 1917. HOTS Answer: Role of Lenin in post 1917 Russian Revolution :

• A conflict between the provisional government and the Bolshevik grew in September, 1917. Lenin started planning an uprising against the government and began to organize his supporters from any secrets and factories.
• A military revolutionary committee under Lenin Trotski planned to seize power.
• Uprising began on 4th October, 1917. The Prime Minister Karenski, with government troops tried to subdue the Bolshevik but failed.
• Under the guidance of Lenin, the military Revolutionary committee responded quickly and by nightfall the city was under the committee’s control.
• At a meeting all Russian Congress of Soviet in Petrograd, the majority approved the Bolshevik action. Russian Revolution brought Russia under communist control.

Question 8. Who was Lenin? What was his contribution in the Russian Revolution? Answer: Lenin was a socialist leader who was against the autocratic rule of Tsar. His contributions in the Russian Revolution were : (i) April Theses: He put forward three demands i.e., the war be brought to an end, land be transferred to the peasants, and banks be nationalised; These three demands were Lenin’s April Theses. He also argued that the Bolshevik Party rename itself the Communist Party to indicate its new radical aims.

(ii) Provisional Government and Lenin: The Provisional Government which was established after the February Revolution of 1917 was controlled by landlords, industrialists and army officials. So Lenin was against the Provisional Government. He brought together different Soviets and prepared them for the Revolution.

(iii) Overthrow of the Provisional Government: It was under the leadership of Lenin that the Provisional Government was overthrown by the Soviets. On 16th October 1917. Lenin persuaded the Petrograd Soviet and the Bolshevik Party to agree to a socialist seizure of power. A Military Revolutionary Committee was appointed by the Soviets to organise the seizure.

(iv) Communist State: Lenin laid the foundation of Communist State. After the October Revolution the Bolshevik Party was renamed the Russian Communist Party.

Question 9. Explain the Russian February Revolution 1917. Or Petrograd had led the February Revolution that brought down the monarchy in February 1917. Explain. HOTS Answer: (i) Grim Condition in the Petrograd: In the winter of 1917, conditions in the capital, Petrograd, were grim. In February 1917, food shortages were deeply felt in the workers’ quarters. The winter was very cold. There had been exceptional frost and heavy snow.

(ii) Women Lead the Strike: On 22 February, a lockout took place at a factory. The next day, workers in fifty factories called a strike in sympathy. In many factories, women led the way to strikes. This came to be called the International Women’s Day.

(iii) Violent Incidents: In the next few days the workers tried to persue the government to fulfill their demand but government called out the cavalry. The streets thronged with people raising slogans about bread, wages, better hours and democracy. However, the cavalry refused to fire on- the demonstrators. An officer was shot at the barracks of a regiment and three other regiments mutinied, voting to join the striking workers.

(iv) Formation of Soviet: By that evening, soldiers and striking workers had gathered to form a soviet or council in the same building as the Duma met. This was the Petrograd Soviet.

(v) Formation of Provisional Government: The very next day, a delegation went to see the Tsar. Military commanders advised him to abdicate. He followed their advice and abdicated on 2 March. Soviet leaders and Duma leaders formed a Provisional Government to run the country. Russia’s future would be decided by a constituent assembly, elected on the basis of universal adult suffrage.

Question 10. Describe the importance of Battle of Stalingard in the Second World War. Answer: Importance of Battle of Stalingard in the Second World War :

• The battle of Stalingard was fought between Russia and Germany on Russian territory.
• This battle is considered important because it marked the defeat of Germany and Hitler along with Nazi party.
• Hitler had signed a non-aggression treaty with Russia in August 1939 A.D. Since he did not have faith in Russia he considered Russia as a vital threat to Nazi Germany.
• Hitler also had imperial designs on the fertile Ukraine Basin and its mines.
• He also wanted to Europeanize the area of the Asian Steppe.
• Due to the above mentioned reasons, Hitler violated the Pact of 1939 and attacked Russia from three sides.
• This led to a battle in Stalingard near Moscow.
• The Germany failed to capture Stalingard due to lack of preparation of German soldiers against heavy rains and frosts in the month of October.
• This led to failure of Hitler’s campaign.
• In all, Hitler exposed the German. Western front to British aerial bonding. Eastern front was exposed to powerful Soviet Army. In this battle, Germany suffered a lot and Soviet hegemony was established over entire Eastern Europe.

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