experimental site synonyms

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• experimental sample

noun as in straw vote

Weak matches

• opinion poll
• public opinion poll
• random sample
• straw to show the wind
• voting poll

Related Words

Words related to experimental sample are not direct synonyms, but are associated with the word experimental sample . Browse related words to learn more about word associations.

noun as in unofficial vote

From Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright © 2013 by the Philip Lief Group.

Monika Schleier-Smith named 2024 Moore Foundation Experimental Physics Investigator

Monika Schleier-Smith , an associate professor in the Department of Physics, has been named to the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation's 2024 cohort of Experimental Physics Investigators. The initiative is designed to support new and imaginative projects that will advance the field of physics. Schleier-Smith will explore new approaches to error correction for quantum technologies.

Read more about the award

Photo by Harrison Truong for Stanford University

• Natural Sciences

© Stanford University.   Stanford, California 94305.

Exploring the effect of strong electronic correlations in Seebeck Coefficient of the NdCoO3 compound : Using experimental and DFT+U approach

• Pandey, Abhishek
• Pandey, Sudhir K.

The presence of complexity in the electronic structure of strongly correlated electron system NdCoO 3 (NCO) have sparked interest in the investigation of its physical properties. Here, we study the Seebeck coefficient (α) of NCO by using the combined experimental and DFT+U based methods. The experimentally measured Seebeck coefficient is found to be ∼444 μ V/K at 300 K, which decreases to 109.8 μ V/K at 600 K. In order to understand the measured Seebeck coefficient, we have calculated the PDOS and band structure of the NCO. Furthermore, the calculated occupancy of 6.4 for Co 3d orbitals and presence of large unoccupied O 2p states indicate the covalent nature of the bonding. Apart from this, the maximum effective mass is found to be 36.75 (28.13) m e for the spin-up (dn) channel in conduction band indicates the n-type behaviour of the compound in contrast to our experimentally observed p-type behaviour. While, the calculated Seebeck coefficient at the temperature-dependent chemical potential (μ) at 300 K shows the p-type behaviour of the compound. Fairly good agreement is seen between the calculated and measured values of α at U ff = 5.5 eV and U dd = 2.7 eV. The maximum power factor (PF) is found to be 47.6 (114.4)×10 14 μW K ‑2 cm ‑1 s ‑1 at 1100 K, which corresponds to p (n)-type doping of ∼1.4 (0.7)×10 21 cm ‑3 . This study suggests the importance of strong on-site electron correlation in understanding the thermoelectric property of the compound

• Electronic correlation;
• DFT and DFT+U;
• Seebeck coefficient;
• Condensed Matter - Materials Science

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‘only murders in the building’ stars and creator on traveling to l.a. and taking “experimental leap” in season 4.

Selena Gomez, Steve Martin and Martin Short, as well as creator John Hoffman, spoke with The Hollywood Reporter at the show's season premiere about how season four expands the world of the Emmy-winning series. 

By Tiffany Taylor

Tiffany Taylor

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Steve Martin , Martin Short and Selena Gomez are back and solving yet another murder in the fourth season of their hit Hulu comedy Only Murders in the Building .

The series covers new territory this season, taking the beloved trio out of their apartment building to Los Angeles for the installment’s premiere episode, a first for the New York-set comedy. 

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“Obviously, we have a great cast and we are going to Hollywood,” said Gomez of how the latest iteration takes the show to a new level. “It was fun to shoot here for a blink of a second.”

“It was so much fun coming out here to shoot … where I grew up and [Short] lived here for so many years,” added Martin.

“We have a victim this season that is a Hollywood stunt double, and marrying that with the success of this podcast our trio has done, it didn’t feel like too far a leap to think that Hollywood might be tapping at their door to make an adaptation,” said Hoffman about taking the show to L.A. “So all of that felt like a good reason to come to Hollywood for a moment, but take it right back to New York because we are a definite New York show, and it will always be that.” 

The series further pushes past its previous boundaries this season with a found-footage episode that was shot on cell phones, security cameras and the like instead of traditional television cameras.

“It was really fun, because it was real mini cameras, iPhones and hidden cameras,” said Martin of working on the season’s sixth episode. “And it was really fun because once you’ve got it, you’ve got it.”

“Episode six is our sort of more experimental leap we took, which basically sprung from a season in all forms of looking at film and movies and what they’ve done,” said Hoffman. “Films have only been around for a little over a hundred years, so I thought, let’s experiment with an episode that is all through cameras, and let’s see what that feels like.”

Michael Cyril Creighton ‘s character Howard Morris plays cameraman for part of the episode, filming on an iPhone. 

“For one scene, I actually am the cameraman,” said Creighton of how the episode was shot technically. “And there are a couple scenes where the camera is on me and I do flip the camera, but for the most part it was doing a dance with one of our incredible camera operators, Dan.”

Creighton, who’s been with the cast since season one and a series regular since season three, admits he was doubtful at first that the experimental episode would work, but then he saw the final product.

“We would shoot every scene three or four different ways, and it was wild,” said Creighton. “I had no idea how they were going to pull it off, and then when I saw it, I was amazed. The vision of the director, the editors, the writers, it came to life in a really good way.”

“Everyone took to it,” added Hoffman. “And it does give a bit of a jolt to the season in some way that feels different for the show.”

Season four of Only Murders in the Building  premieres on Hulu Aug. 27, with episodes dropping weekly thereafter. 

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• Help Center

Thesaurus for Experiment

Related terms for experiment - synonyms, antonyms and sentences with experiment, similar meaning.

• experimentation
• examination
• investigation
• trial and error

Opposite meaning

• straightforward
• unchallenging
• unblemished
• control condition
• traditional practice
• analytical approach
• analytical method
• careful approach
• cautious approach
• conceptual approach
• conceptual method
• contemplation
• deductive approach
• deductive method

Common usage

• multiskilled
• sample size
• the exception proves the rule
• concept vehicle
• keep track of someone
• keep track of something
• give something a whirl
• these efforts
• careful observation
• slick-fashioned

Sentence Examples

Proper usage in context.

• Love is an experiment English idiom
• Vietnam was as much a laboratory experiment as a war John Pilger
• Not all experimentation is done in laboratories
• Students experiment sexually
• We are experimenting with the new drug in order to fight this disease

Can Chemo Help KRAS Inhibitors Work Better Against Pancreatic Cancer?

August 20, 2024 , by Sharon Reynolds

Results from two studies suggest that giving chemotherapy along with KRAS inhibitors may make these targeted therapies much more effective in people with pancreatic cancer.

A newer class of drugs that target pancreatic cancer may get a helping hand from an old treatment workhorse: chemotherapy. Two new studies in mice show that adding chemotherapy to an experimental KRAS inhibitor called MRTX1133 greatly reduced tumor growth and spread compared with either treatment alone.

This potent effect, both studies found, appears to come about because chemotherapy and KRAS inhibitors each shut down a different set of cellular instructions that can drive cancer cell growth in pancreatic tumors.  

Results from both studies were published June 28 in Cancer Discovery .

More than 90% of pancreatic tumors carry a cancer-fueling change in the KRAS gene . Early clinical trials testing drugs targeting a specific change in KRAS , like adagrasib (Krazati) and sotorasib (Lumakras) , alone in pancreatic cancer showed promising results. However, these drugs given alone do not work in all patients. And even though tumors shrink in some people, invariably they start growing again, within months after starting treatment.

“We’ve seen several different genetic alterations emerge that cause tumors to become resistant” to KRAS inhibitors, said Andrew Aguirre, M.D., Ph.D., of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, who led one of the studies. “So, the question comes up: Could you give something in combination that would prevent resistance from emerging?” 

Surprisingly, Dr. Aguirre continued, both studies strongly suggest that chemotherapy may be one way to do that.

The chemotherapy regimens used to treat pancreatic cancer significantly shrink tumors in less than a third of patients and can cause serious side effects, so researchers have hoped to replace them with newer, less toxic therapies, explained Christine Alewine, M.D., Ph.D., of NCI’s Center for Cancer Research , who was not involved with the new studies.

Although that may eventually happen, Dr. Alewine said, “for now, it looks like adding on to standard chemotherapy, rather than eliminating it, may turn into our best weapon against pancreatic cancer.” 

It's not yet known how much chemotherapy is needed to prevent pancreatic tumors from escaping the effects of KRAS inhibition, Dr. Alewine added. “If we can give lower doses of chemotherapy [with a KRAS inhibitor] than we do now [on its own], we may be able to both improve effectiveness and reduce toxicity,” she said.

Same pancreatic cancer cells, different programs

Within a tumor, cells that look alike can actually function very differently, Dr. Alewine explained. This difference is driven not by differences in their genes , but by how those genes are expressed—that is, what proteins they make and how those proteins behave. 

“All of our cells have the same [genetic] instruction program, but only some of those instructions are used in different cell types,” she said. 

Drug Targets Common Mutation in Pancreatic Cancer

In mice, experimental drug MRTX1133 shrank pancreatic tumors with KRAS G12D mutations.

These instructions cause cells to act differently in response to other cells, infectious agents, or molecules in their surrounding environment—and in response to cancer treatments.

Based on these behavioral patterns, researchers have grouped pancreatic tumor cells into different “states,” including classical, basal, and mesenchymal. Studies have shown that the latter two seem to be very sensitive to KRAS inhibitors, at least initially.

Both research teams set out with the same goal: To better understand what happens to pancreatic cancer cells being treated with KRAS inhibitors, including whether there are changes in their cell state. 

How tumors use cell states to escape treatment

For their study, Dr. Aguirre and his team conducted in-depth analyses of circulating tumor DNA in blood samples taken from people with pancreatic cancer before and after treatment with a KRAS-targeted drug. They also tested KRAS inhibitors in different laboratory models of pancreatic cancer.

The team found a wide range of genetic mutations and other changes that potentially contribute to the rapid resistance to these drugs. But they also observed a more global phenomenon . Before treatment, tumors contained a mix of cell states. After KRAS inhibition, classical-state cells came to dominate the tumor.

The other research team, led by Tuomas Tammela, M.D., Ph.D., of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, observed a similar phenomenon.

For example, in mice engineered to develop pancreatic tumors in much the same way that pancreatic cancer develops in humans, treatment with a KRAS inhibitor led to a sharp decrease in the number of basal-like cells and their subsequent replacement with classical cells. These classical cells appeared to rely much less on KRAS to survive . That finding, they concluded, identifies these type of pancreatic cells as key culprits in tumor resistance to KRAS-targeted therapies.

“Both of these studies seem to be saying that, while there are some genetic changes that can occur in cells that make up pancreatic tumors, this underlying ability to change their cell state appears to be a main thing driving resistance,” Dr. Alewine said.

Targeting cellular plasticity

But could this escape route by pancreatic cancer cells also be a vulnerability? Classical-state pancreatic cancer cells are known to be more sensitive to treatment with chemotherapy than other cell states.

To investigate, both teams tested the combination of the KRAS inhibitor MRTX1133 plus a standard chemotherapy regimen used to treat pancreatic cancer, gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel, in mice implanted with pancreatic tumors. 

A Potential New Immunotherapy Approach for KRAS-Mutant Cancers

KRAS-targeted drugs may also alert the immune system to attack these cancers.

In experiments done by Dr. Aguirre and his team, mice given the combination lived substantially longer without their tumors growing than mice given either chemotherapy or the KRAS inhibitor alone.

In another mouse model of metastatic pancreatic cancer, treatment with chemotherapy or the KRAS inhibitor alone reduced the number of lung metastases but didn’t prevent metastasis entirely. The combination of both therapies did prevent spread to the lungs.

Dr. Tammela’s team saw similar results in their animal experiments. In mice with pancreatic tumors, the combination of chemotherapy and KRAS inhibition led to an average reduction in tumor size of about 60% compared with the reduction seen with a KRAS inhibitor alone.

More work is needed to better understand how to use these two therapies together, Dr. Aguirre said. “What combination or sequence of treatments should we use to get the most benefit? Should we give them both upfront together? Or would you get more benefit from giving one [first], then the other? The jury’s still out on all of that,” he said.

His team and others are now planning clinical trials to test some such combinations.

“We know how to give chemotherapy—it’s a tried and true standard of care ,” he added. “So there’s a lot of optimism that we’ll be able to combine these effectively.”

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Synonyms of experimentation

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Thesaurus Definition of experimentation

Synonyms & Similar Words

• trial and error

Thesaurus Entries Near experimentation

experimental

experimentation

experimentations

Cite this Entry

“Experimentation.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/experimentation. Accessed 24 Aug. 2024.

More from Merriam-Webster on experimentation

Nglish: Translation of experimentation for Spanish Speakers

Britannica English: Translation of experimentation for Arabic Speakers

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