social network analysis assignment 4

Nick Malinowski's Portfolio

My data science portfolio, social network analysis.

This assignment utilized networkx to analyze relationships between nodes in a network.

First I imported the required libraries.

Part 1 - Random Graph Identification

For the first part of this assignment you will analyze randomly generated graphs and determine which algorithm created them.

P1_Graphs is a list containing 5 networkx graphs. Each of these graphs were generated by one of three possible algorithms:

Preferential Attachment (‘PA’) Small World with low probability of rewiring (‘SW_L’) Small World with high probability of rewiring (‘SW_H’) Anaylze each of the 5 graphs and determine which of the three algorithms generated the graph.

The graph_identification function should return a list of length 5 where each element in the list is either ‘PA’, ‘SW_L’, or ‘SW_H’.

[‘PA’, ‘SW_L’, ‘SW_L’, ‘PA’, ‘SW_H’]

Part 2 - Company Emails

For the second part of this assignment you will be workking with a company’s email network where each node corresponds to a person at the company, and each edge indicates that at least one email has been sent between two people.

The network also contains the node attributes Department and ManagementSalary.

Department indicates the department in the company which the person belongs to, and ManagementSalary indicates whether that person is receiving a management position salary.

Let’s get a peak at the data.

Part 2A - Salary Prediction

Using network G, identify the people in the network with missing values for the node attribute ManagementSalary and predict whether or not these individuals are receiving a management position salary.

To accomplish this, you will need to create a matrix of node features using networkx, train a sklearn classifier on nodes that have ManagementSalary data, and predict a probability of the node receiving a management salary for nodes where ManagementSalary is missing.

Your predictions will need to be given as the probability that the corresponding employee is receiving a management position salary.

The evaluation metric for this assignment is the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC).

Your grade will be based on the AUC score computed for your classifier. A model which with an AUC of 0.88 or higher will receive full points, and with an AUC of 0.82 or higher will pass (get 80% of the full points).

Using your trained classifier, return a series of length 252 with the data being the probability of receiving management salary, and the index being the node id.

</br> 1 1.0 </br> 2 0.0 </br> 5 0.8 </br> 8 1.0 </br>_ …_ </br> 996 0.7 </br> 1000 0.5 </br> 1001 0.0 </br> Length: 252, dtype: float64

1 0.005034 2 0.987573 5 0.987976 8 0.117562 14 0.053312 18 0.021946 27 0.028183 30 0.902317 31 0.137383 34 0.018777 37 0.020159 40 0.016472 45 0.005846 54 0.174362 55 0.538832 60 0.080264 62 0.988456 65 0.987422 77 0.008042 79 0.017314 97 0.009253 101 0.003136 103 0.562415 108 0.010781 113 0.063559 122 0.001791 141 0.166784 142 0.988456 144 0.012987 145 0.698570 … 913 0.009200 914 0.010464 915 0.001552 918 0.021805 923 0.016919 926 0.028838 931 0.007891 934 0.001371 939 0.001133 944 0.001504 945 0.016919 947 0.028178 950 0.018011 951 0.004870 953 0.004007 959 0.001049 962 0.001615 963 0.048345 968 0.025535 969 0.033527 974 0.017409 984 0.001910 987 0.026094 989 0.028178 991 0.026421 992 0.001003 994 0.001504 996 0.001219 1000 0.004840 1001 0.019469 Length: 252, dtype: float64

• AUC score was 0.9461740694617408.

Part 2B - New Connections Prediction

For the last part of this assignment, you will predict future connections between employees of the network. The future connections information has been loaded into the variable future_connections. The index is a tuple indicating a pair of nodes that currently do not have a connection, and the Future Connection column indicates if an edge between those two nodes will exist in the future, where a value of 1.0 indicates a future connection.

Using network G and future_connections, identify the edges in future_connections with missing values and predict whether or not these edges will have a future connection.

To accomplish this, you will need to create a matrix of features for the edges found in future_connections using networkx, train a sklearn classifier on those edges in future_connections that have Future Connection data, and predict a probability of the edge being a future connection for those edges in future_connections where Future Connection is missing.

Your predictions will need to be given as the probability of the corresponding edge being a future connection.

Using your trained classifier, return a series of length 122112 with the data being the probability of the edge being a future connection, and the index being the edge as represented by a tuple of nodes.

</br> (107, 348) 0.35 </br> (542, 751) 0.40 </br> (20, 426) 0.55 </br> (50, 989) 0.35 </br>_ …_ </br> (939, 940) 0.15 </br> (555, 905) 0.35 </br> (75, 101) 0.65 </br> Length: 122112, dtype: float64

(107, 348) 0.030342 (542, 751) 0.013050 (20, 426) 0.539323 (50, 989) 0.013050 (942, 986) 0.013050 (324, 857) 0.013050 (13, 710) 0.118869 (19, 271) 0.149760 (319, 878) 0.013050 (659, 707) 0.013050 (49, 843) 0.013050 (208, 893) 0.013050 (377, 469) 0.013792 (405, 999) 0.019812 (129, 740) 0.021756 (292, 618) 0.039721 (239, 689) 0.013050 (359, 373) 0.013792 (53, 523) 0.029697 (276, 984) 0.013050 (202, 997) 0.013050 (604, 619) 0.081836 (270, 911) 0.013050 (261, 481) 0.062892 (200, 450) 0.906969 (213, 634) 0.013050 (644, 735) 0.142963 (346, 553) 0.013050 (521, 738) 0.013050 (422, 953) 0.018552 … (672, 848) 0.013050 (28, 127) 0.963145 (202, 661) 0.013050 (54, 195) 0.997535 (295, 864) 0.013050 (814, 936) 0.013050 (839, 874) 0.013050 (139, 843) 0.013050 (461, 544) 0.013467 (68, 487) 0.013467 (622, 932) 0.013050 (504, 936) 0.016148 (479, 528) 0.013050 (186, 670) 0.013050 (90, 395) 0.088466 (329, 521) 0.024649 (127, 218) 0.198212 (463, 993) 0.013050 (123, 142) 0.805473 (764, 885) 0.013050 (144, 824) 0.013050 (742, 985) 0.013050 (506, 684) 0.013050 (505, 916) 0.013050 (149, 214) 0.962314 (165, 923) 0.013467 (673, 755) 0.013050 (939, 940) 0.013050 (555, 905) 0.013050 (75, 101) 0.016076 Length: 122112, dtype: float64

• AUC score was 0.9102170953769284.

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Social network analysis : methods and examples

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• Preface About the Authors
• Chapter 1: Basics of Social Network Analysis 1.1 Introduction 1.2 The Social Network and How to Represent It 1.3 Types of Networks 1.4 Network Parts and Levels of Analysis 1.5 Networks as Social Structure and Institution 1.6 Theoretical Assumptions 1.7 Causality in Social Network Studies 1.8 A Brief History of Social Network Analysis
• Chapter 2: Data Collection 2.1 Boundary Specification 2.2 Data Collection Process 2.3 Informant Bias and Issue of Reliability 2.4 Archival Data
• Chapter 3: Descriptive Methods in Social Network Analysis 3.1 Graph and Matrix-Social Network Representation 3.2 Density 3.3 Centrality, Centralization, and Prestige 3.4 Cliques 3.5 Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) and Dendogram 3.6 Structural Equivalence 3.7 Two-Mode Networks and Bipartite Matrix
• Chapter 4: Inferential Methods in Social Network Analysis 4.1 Permutation and QAP (Quadratic Assignment Procedure) Correlation 4.2 P* or Exponential Random Graph Model (ERGM)
• Chapter 5: Social Network Analysis of Work and Organizations 5.1 Personal Connections and Labor Market Processes 5.2 Intra-Organizational Networks 5.3 Inter-Organizational Relations
• Chapter 6: Social Network Analysis in Crime and Terrorism 6.1 Personal Networks, Delinquency, and Crime 6.2 Neighborhood Networks 6.3 Criminal Networks 6.4 Analyzing Social Networks of Terror
• Chapter 7: Social Network Analysis in Emotional and Physical Health 7.1 Social Network Analysis and Emotional Health 7.2 Social Network Analysis in Physical Fitness 7.3 Social Network Analysis and Illicit Drug Use 7.4 Social Network Analysis and Sexually Transmitted Disease
• Chapter 8: Political Networks 8.1 American Politics 8.2 Networks in International Relations Glossary References Index.
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Which social media platforms are most common, who uses each social media platform, find out more, social media fact sheet.

Many Americans use social media to connect with one another, engage with news content, share information and entertain themselves. Explore the patterns and trends shaping the social media landscape.

To better understand Americans’ social media use, Pew Research Center surveyed 5,733 U.S. adults from May 19 to Sept. 5, 2023. Ipsos conducted this National Public Opinion Reference Survey (NPORS) for the Center using address-based sampling and a multimode protocol that included both web and mail. This way nearly all U.S. adults have a chance of selection. The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race and ethnicity, education and other categories.

Polls from 2000 to 2021 were conducted via phone. For more on this mode shift, read our Q&A.

Here are the questions used for this analysis , along with responses, and  its methodology ­­­.

A note on terminology: Our May-September 2023 survey was already in the field when Twitter changed its name to “X.” The terms  Twitter  and  X  are both used in this report to refer to the same platform.

YouTube and Facebook are the most-widely used online platforms. About half of U.S. adults say they use Instagram, and smaller shares use sites or apps such as TikTok, LinkedIn, Twitter (X) and BeReal.

Note: The vertical line indicates a change in mode. Polls from 2012-2021 were conducted via phone. In 2023, the poll was conducted via web and mail. For more details on this shift, please read our Q&A . Refer to the topline for more information on how question wording varied over the years. Pre-2018 data is not available for YouTube, Snapchat or WhatsApp; pre-2019 data is not available for Reddit; pre-2021 data is not available for TikTok; pre-2023 data is not available for BeReal. Respondents who did not give an answer are not shown.

Source: Surveys of U.S. adults conducted 2012-2023.

Usage of the major online platforms varies by factors such as age, gender and level of formal education.

% of U.S. adults who say they ever use __ by …

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This fact sheet was compiled by Research Assistant  Olivia Sidoti , with help from Research Analyst  Risa Gelles-Watnick , Research Analyst  Michelle Faverio , Digital Producer  Sara Atske , Associate Information Graphics Designer Kaitlyn Radde and Temporary Researcher  Eugenie Park .

Follow these links for more in-depth analysis of the impact of social media on American life.

• Americans’ Social Media Use  Jan. 31, 2024
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Dear Students, The lecture videos for  Week 8  have been uploaded for the course "Social Network Analysis". The lectures can be accessed using the following link: Link:       https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=23&lesson=91 The other lectures in this week are accessible from the navigation bar to the left. Please remember to login into the website to view contents (if you aren't logged in already). Assignment-8  for  Week-8  is also released and can be accessed from the following link Link:        https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=23&assessment=142 The assignment has to be submitted on or before  Wednesday,[20/09/2023], 23:59 IST . As we have done so far, please use the discussion forums if you have any questions on this module. Note : Please check the due date of the assignments in the announcement and assignment page if you see any mismatch write to us immediately.

Dear learners, There will be a live interactive session where a Course team member will explain some sample problems, how they are solved - that will help you solve the weekly assignments. We invite you to join the session and get your doubts cleared and learn better. Date: September 11, 2023 - Monday Time:06.00 PM - 08.00 PM Link to join: https://meet.google.com/csd-igng-wsu?authuser=0&hs=122 Happy Learning. -NPTEL Team

Dear learners, There will be a live interactive session where a Course team member will explain some sample problems, how they are solved - that will help you solve the weekly assignments. We invite you to join the session and get your doubts cleared and learn better. Date: September 4, 2023 - Monday Time:06.00 PM - 08.00 PM Link to join: https://meet.google.com/csd-igng-wsu?authuser=0&hs=122 Happy Learning. -NPTEL Team

Social Network Analysis : Week 7 Assignment is live now

Dear Students, Assignment-7  for  Week-7  is also released and can be accessed from the following link Link:       https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=22&assessment=140 The assignment has to be submitted on or before  Wednesday,[13/09/2023], 23:59 IST . As we have done so far, please use the discussion forums if you have any questions on this module. Note : Please check the due date of the assignments in the announcement and assignment page if you see any mismatch write to us immediately.

Social Network Analysis : Week 7 Video is live now

Dear Students, The lecture videos for  Week 7  have been uploaded for the course "Social Network Analysis". The lectures can be accessed using the following link: Link:       https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=22&lesson=85 The other lectures in this week are accessible from the navigation bar to the left. Please remember to login into the website to view contents (if you aren't logged in already). As we have done so far, please use the discussion forums if you have any questions on this module.

Dear learners, There will be a live interactive session where a Course team member will explain some sample problems, how they are solved - that will help you solve the weekly assignments. We invite you to join the session and get your doubts cleared and learn better. Date: August 28, 2023 - Monday Time:06.00 PM - 08.00 PM Link to join: https://meet.google.com/csd-igng-wsu?authuser=0&hs=122 Happy Learning. -NPTEL Team

Social Network Analysis : Week 6 content is live now

Dear Students, The lecture videos for  Week 6  have been uploaded for the course "Social Network Analysis". The lectures can be accessed using the following link: Link:       https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=21&lesson=77 The other lectures in this week are accessible from the navigation bar to the left. Please remember to login into the website to view contents (if you aren't logged in already). Assignment-6  for  Week-6  is also released and can be accessed from the following link Link:        https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=21&assessment=139 The assignment has to be submitted on or before  Wednesday,[06/09/2023], 23:59 IST . As we have done so far, please use the discussion forums if you have any questions on this module. Note : Please check the due date of the assignments in the announcement and assignment page if you see any mismatch write to us immediately.

Social Network Analysis : Week 5 Assignment is live now

Dear Students, Assignment-5  for  Week-5  is also released and can be accessed from the following link Link:       https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=20&assessment=138 The assignment has to be submitted on or before  Wednesday,[30/08/2023], 23:59 IST . As we have done so far, please use the discussion forums if you have any questions on this module. Note : Please check the due date of the assignments in the announcement and assignment page if you see any mismatch write to us immediately.

Dear learners, There will be a live interactive session where a Course team member will explain some sample problems, how they are solved - that will help you solve the weekly assignments. We invite you to join the session and get your doubts cleared and learn better. Date: August 21, 2023 - Monday Time:06.00 PM - 08.00 PM Link to join: https://meet.google.com/csd-igng-wsu?authuser=0&hs=122 Happy Learning. -NPTEL Team

Social Network Analysis : Week 5 Video is live now

Dear Students, The lecture videos for  Week 5  have been uploaded for the course "Social Network Analysis". The lectures can be accessed using the following link: Link:       https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=20&lesson=73 The other lectures in this week are accessible from the navigation bar to the left. Please remember to login into the website to view contents (if you aren't logged in already). As we have done so far, please use the discussion forums if you have any questions on this module.

Dear learners, There will be a live interactive session where a Course team member will explain some sample problems, how they are solved - that will help you solve the weekly assignments. We invite you to join the session and get your doubts cleared and learn better. Date: August 18, 2023 - Friday Time:04.30 PM - 06.30 PM Link to join: https://meet.google.com/csd-igng-wsu?authuser=0&hs=122 Happy Learning. -NPTEL Team

Exam Registration for NPTEL courses extended !!

Dear Learner,

Registration for the certification exam has been extended.

CLICK HERE to register for the exam.

Choose from the Cities where exam will be conducted: Exam Cities

Last date for exam registration is extended : August 28, 2023, 5:00 PM (Monday).

Click here to view Timeline and Guideline : Guideline

Note: Kindly ignore if registered already.

Happy Learning!

Thanks and Regards,

NPTEL TEAM.

Social Network Analysis : Week 4 content is live now

Dear Students, The lecture videos for  Week 4  have been uploaded for the course "Social Network Analysis". The lectures can be accessed using the following link: Link:        https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=19&lesson=65 The other lectures in this week are accessible from the navigation bar to the left. Please remember to login into the website to view contents (if you aren't logged in already). Assignment-4  for  Week-4  is also released and can be accessed from the following link Link:         https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=19&assessment=137 The assignment has to be submitted on or before  Wednesday,[23/08/2023], 23:59 IST . As we have done so far, please use the discussion forums if you have any questions on this module. Note : Please check the due date of the assignments in the announcement and assignment page if you see any mismatch write to us immediately.

Dear learners, There will be a live interactive session where a Course team member will explain some sample problems, how they are solved - that will help you solve the weekly assignments. We invite you to join the session and get your doubts cleared and learn better. Date: August 14, 2023 - Monday Time:06.00 PM - 08.00 PM Link to join: https://meet.google.com/csd-igng-wsu?authuser=0&hs=122 Happy Learning. -NPTEL Team

Dear learners, There will be a live interactive session where a Course team member will explain some sample problems, how they are solved - that will help you solve the weekly assignments. We invite you to join the session and get your doubts cleared and learn better. Date: August 07, 2023 - Monday Time:06.00 PM - 08.00 PM Link to join: https://meet.google.com/csd-igng-wsu?authuser=0&hs=122 Happy Learning. -NPTEL Team

Social Network Analysis : Week 3 content is live now

Dear Students, The lecture videos for  Week 3  have been uploaded for the course "Social Network Analysis". The lectures can be accessed using the following link: Link:        https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=18&lesson=56 The other lectures in this week are accessible from the navigation bar to the left. Please remember to login into the website to view contents (if you aren't logged in already). Assignment-3  for  Week-3  is also released and can be accessed from the following link Link:         https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=18&assessment=136 The assignment has to be submitted on or before  Wednesday,[16/08/2023], 23:59 IST . As we have done so far, please use the discussion forums if you have any questions on this module. Note : Please check the due date of the assignments in the announcement and assignment page if you see any mismatch write to us immediately.

Social Network Analysis : Week 2 content is live now

Dear Students, The lecture videos for Week 2 have been uploaded for the course "Social Network Analysis". The lectures can be accessed using the following link: Link:        https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=17&lesson=48   The other lectures in this week are accessible from the navigation bar to the left. Please remember to login into the website to view contents (if you aren't logged in already). Assignment-2 for Week-2 is also released and can be accessed from the following link Link:         https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=17&assessment=129 The assignment has to be submitted on or before  Wednesday,[09/08/2023], 23:59 IST . As we have done so far, please use the discussion forums if you have any questions on this module. Note : Please check the due date of the assignments in the announcement and assignment page if you see any mismatch write to us immediately.

Dear learners, There will be a live interactive session where a Course team member will explain some sample problems, how they are solved - that will help you solve the weekly assignments. We invite you to join the session and get your doubts cleared and learn better. Date: July 31, 2023 - Monday Time:06.00 PM - 08.00 PM Link to join: https://meet.google.com/csd-igng-wsu?authuser=0&hs=122 Happy Learning. -NPTEL Team

Social Network Analysis : Problem solving Session !!

Dear learner, Every week there will be a live interactive session where a Course team member will explain some sample problems, how they are solved - that  will help you solve the weekly assignments. We invite you to join the session and get your doubts cleared and learn better. Start Date: July 31, 2023 When: Every Monday Time: 06.00 PM - 08.00 PM Link to join: https://meet.google.com/csd-igng-wsu?authuser=0&hs=122 Thank you. -NPTEL Team

Social Network Analysis : Week 1 content is live now

Dear Students, The lecture videos for Week 1 have been uploaded for the course "Social Network Analysis". The lectures can be accessed using the following link: Link:         https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=16&lesson=43 The other lectures in this week are accessible from the navigation bar to the left. Please remember to login into the website to view contents (if you aren't logged in already). Assignment-1 for Week-1 is also released and can be accessed from the following link Link:         https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_cs106/unit?unit=16&assessment=128 The assignment has to be submitted on or before  Wednesday,[09/08/2023], 23:59 IST . As we have done so far, please use the discussion forums if you have any questions on this module. Note : Please check the due date of the assignments in the announcement and assignment page if you see any mismatch write to us immediately.

Stay Ahead of the Curve: Follow NPTEL for a Bright Future!!

Dear Learners Don't let knowledge pass you by! Stay in the loop with all the latest updates from NPTEL!  Follow us on social media to never miss a beat in your educational journey. Be the first to know about new courses, insightful articles, and exciting announcements.  Join our growing community. Tap those links below and let the learning adventure begin! Twitter: https://twitter.com/nptelindia?t=Yv1BextATpcwg7K2kOxbhg&s=08 Facebook:  https://www.facebook.com/NPTELNoc/ Instagram:  https://www.instagram.com/nptel_india/ LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/mwlite/company/nptel YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/nptelhrd Happy learning!  Team NPTEL

NPTEL: Exam Registration is open now for July 2023 courses!

Dear Learner, 

Here is the much-awaited announcement on registering for the July 2023 NPTEL course certification exam. 

1. The registration for the certification exam is open only to those learners who have enrolled in the course. 

2. If you want to register for the exam for this course, login here using the same email id which you had used to enroll to the course in Swayam portal. Please note that Assignments submitted through the exam registered email id ALONE will be taken into consideration towards final consolidated score & certification. 

3 . Date of exam: October 28, 2023

4. Exam fees: 

If you register for the exam and pay before Aug 14, 2023, 5:00 PM, Exam fees will be Rs. 1000/- per exam .

5. 50% fee waiver for the following categories: 

6. Last date for exam registration: Aug 18, 2023, 5:00 PM (Friday). 

7. Between Aug 14, 2023, 5:00 PM & Aug 18, 2023, 5:00 PM late fee will be applicable.

8. Mode of payment: Online payment - debit card/credit card/net banking/UPI. 

9. HALL TICKET: 

10. FOR CANDIDATES WHO WOULD LIKE TO WRITE MORE THAN 1 COURSE EXAM:- you can add or delete courses and pay separately – till the date when the exam form closes. Same day of exam – you can write exams for 2 courses in the 2 sessions. Same exam center will be allocated for both the sessions. 

11. Data changes: 

Last date for data changes: Aug 18, 2023, 5:00 PM :  

We will charge an additional fee of Rs. 200 to make any changes related to name, DOB, photo, signature, SC/ST and PWD certificates after the last date of data changes.

The following 6 fields can be changed(until the form closes) ONLY when there are NO courses in the course cart. And you will be able to edit those fields only if you: - 

6. What is your role ? 

But, for cancelled courses, refund of fees will be initiated only after 2 weeks. 

12. LAST DATE FOR CANCELLING EXAMS and getting a refund: Aug 18, 2023, 5:00 PM  

13. Click here to view Timeline and Guideline : Guideline

Social Network Analysis:Welcome to NPTEL Online Course - July 2023!!

• Every week, about 2.5 to 4 hours of videos containing content by the Course instructor will be released along with an assignment based on this. Please watch the lectures, follow the course regularly and submit all assessments and assignments before the due date. Your regular participation is vital for learning and doing well in the course. This will be done week on week through the duration of the course.
• Please do the assignments yourself and even if you take help, kindly try to learn from it. These assignments will help you prepare for the final exams. Plagiarism and violating the Honor Code will be taken very seriously if detected during the submission of assignments.
• The announcement group - will only have messages from course instructors and teaching assistants - regarding the lessons, assignments, exam registration, hall tickets, etc.
• The discussion forum (Ask a question tab on the portal) - is for everyone to ask questions and interact. Anyone who knows the answers can reply to anyone's post and the course instructor/TA will also respond to your queries.
• Please make maximum use of this feature as this will help you learn much better.
• If you have any questions regarding the exam, registration, hall tickets, results, queries related to the technical content in the lectures, any doubts in the assignments, etc can be posted in the forum section
• The course is free to enroll and learn from. But if you want a certificate, you have to register and write the proctored exam conducted by us in person at any of the designated exam centres.
• The exam is optional for a fee of Rs 1000/- (Rupees one thousand only).
• Date and Time of Exams: October 28, 2023 Morning session 9am to 12 noon; Afternoon Session 2 pm to 5 pm.
• Registration URL: Announcements will be made when the registration form is open for registrations.
• The online registration form has to be filled and the certification exam fee needs to be paid. More details will be made available when the exam registration form is published. If there are any changes, it will be mentioned then.
• Please check the form for more details on the cities where the exams will be held, the conditions you agree to when you fill the form etc.
• Once again, thanks for your interest in our online courses and certification. Happy learning.

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21 of the Best Social Media Analytics Tools for 2024

Are you a social media marketer who wants to better focus your time, effort, and budget? It’s time for some new social media analytics tools!

Table of Contents

Wondering which of your social media tactics are working? Busy social marketers need effective social media analytics tools to focus their efforts. Let’s take a look at some of the best options for 2024.

Beautiful reports. Clear data. Actionable insights to help you grow faster.

What are social media analytics tools?

Social media analytics tools are apps and dashboards that allow you to gather information about your social media performance as well as your audience.

Tools for social media analytics also allow you to create reports to track performance over time and present results to your team, your boss, and other relevant stakeholders.

Why every marketer needs a social media analytics tool

Social media analytics tools help you figure out what’s working and what’s not. They should also provide the historical data you need to assess your social media marketing strategy on both macro and micro levels.

The best comprehensive social media analytics tools allow you to compile data from multiple platforms and create custom reports so you never find yourself in a position like this:

My manager wants me to create incredibly granular analytics of all our social media pages. When I joined, they had already compiled over a year’s worth of analytics in a spreadsheet breaking down every analytic you can think of. by u/BreakfastAntelope in socialmedia

Social media analytics tools can help you answer questions like:

• Is it worth it for my business to keep posting on Pinterest?
• What were our top posts on LinkedIn this year?
• Should we post more on Instagram next month?
• Which network drove the most brand awareness for our product launch?
• What kind of posts do my followers like to comment on?

… and many more.

With all of that data at your fingertips, you can also clearly see the ROI of your social media strategy, which can help prove the value of the work you and your team do every day. This is incredibly valuable when annual budget time rolls around, or when you want to request new resources.

Watch this video to see how the Hootsuite team uses social media analytics every day:

The best social media analytics tools for 2024

1. hootsuite.

Best for: Business owners who run their own social media, social media managers at small-to-medium sized businesses, large marketing teams

Coolest feature: Custom recommendations for the best time to post on each social account based on your accounts’ metrics and historical data

Price: Starting at $99/month

Skill level: Beginner to intermediate

Hootsuite is like the Swiss Army knife of tools for social media analytics. Imagine X (formerly Twitter) analytics, Instagram analytics, Facebook analytics, TikTok analytics, Pinterest analytics, YouTube analytics, and LinkedIn analytics all in one place.

Hootsuite offers a complete picture of all your social media efforts, so you don’t have to check each platform individually.

It saves time by making it easy to compare results across social media networks, including:

Social media post metrics:

• Engagement rate
• Impressions
• Video views
• Video reach

Profile metrics:

• Follower growth over time
• Negative feedback rate
• Profile visits
• Overall engagement rate

Best time to post recommendations

One of the most common reasons for the underperformance of social content is posting when your target audiences are not online or not interested in engaging with you.

This is why Hootsuite’s Best Time to Publish tool is one of the most popular features of Hootsuite Analytics. It looks at your unique historical social media data and recommends the optimal times to post based on three different goals:

• Link clicks

Most social media analytics tools only recommend posting times based on engagement. Or they’ll use data from universal benchmarks, instead of your unique performance history.

Other cool things you can do with Hootsuite Analytics:

• Customize report templates for only the metrics you care about
• Perform an easy competitive analysis and compare your performance to industry benchmarks
• Track the productivity of your social team (response times and resolution time for assigned posts, mentions, and comments)
• Monitor mentions, comments, and tags related to your business to avoid PR disasters before they happen

On top of all of that, Hootsuite won a 2024 TrustRadius Most Loved Award as well as 2023 Best Of Awards for Best Feature Set, Best Relationship, and Best Value for Price .

Competitive analysis

Hootsuite Analytics does Instagram, Facebook, and X (formerly Twitter) competitor analysis for you. You can track up to 20 competitors per network, and get a clear view of your strengths and weaknesses — plus actionable insights on the top posts, hashtags, and content formats in your niche.

Follow these 4 simple steps to track competitors with Hootsuite:

• Sign in to your Hootsuite account and pick Analytics from the main menu on the left side of the dashboard.
• Then, click on Competitive analysis in the Benchmarking section.
• At the top of the page, use the dropdown list of your social media profiles to select the one you want to compare to competitors.
• Then, pick the competitors you want to measure your performance against. To do that, go into the second dropdown list and check the boxes next to the competitors you want to view. To add competitors, click Manage competitors at the bottom of the dropdown box.

Then, type the name of a competitor into the search bar and select the correct profile from the dropdown list. Depending on your Hootsuite plan, you can add between 2 and 20 social accounts per network (Facebook, Instagram, and X) to your watchlist.

And that’s it! Now you can browse several competitive reports, including:

Overview , where you can see the number of posts you and your competitors posted in the selected timeframe (that can be adjusted in the top right corner of the dashboard) as well as every account’s posting frequency, average engagement, number of followers, and audience growth rate.

Post performance , where you can review your and your competitors’ top posts and sort results by reactions, comments, shares, and engagement — and quickly fetch inspiration for what to publish next.

Performance by post type , where you can find out what types of posts — photos, link posts, videos, text-only posts, and so on — are most popular with each brand’s audience. Results can be sorted to show which post types get the most reactions, shares, comments, or engagement.

Overall post performance , where you can see how you and your competitors did every day within the specified timeframe — all in one easy-to-read graph. You can drill down results by post type, or stick to the overall view.

Trending hashtags … which speaks for itself.

Source: Hootsuite Analytics

Post length , where you can find out how many characters and hashtags, on average, your competitors use in their posts.

Learn more about competitive analysis in Hootsuite Analytics .

Industry benchmarking

Need help setting realistic goals? Or maybe you’re not a fan of manually collecting data for audits and SWOT analyses ?

With Hootsuite’s social media benchmarking, you can find out how others in your industry are doing on social and compare your results with just a few clicks.

To get industry benchmarks, follow these steps:

• Sign in to your Hootsuite dashboard and head to Analytics .
• In the menu on the left side of the screen, scroll to Benchmarking and click Industry .
• Pick an industry that best describes your business.

Now you can see how your results compare to average performance stats within your industry. You can set up custom timeframes, switch between networks — Instagram, Facebook, X, LinkedIn, and TikTok — and look up benchmarks for the following metrics:

• Profile impressions
• Profile reach
• Audience growth rate
• Posting frequency

… and more.

You will also find tips and resources to improve your social media content performance right in the summary section:

And, if you need to present your results to your team, boss, or other stakeholders, you can easily download your comparison report as a PDF file.

Hootsuite Analytics is included in all Hootsuite plans . Try the best social media management tool for free for 30 days.

Learn more in this video or sign up for a Hootsuite free trial.

2. Sprout Social

Source: Sprout Social

Best for: Marketing teams at larger organizations

Coolest feature: Tag inbound and outbound social messages to track and analyze volume and performance patterns.

Price: Starting at $199/month

Sprout Social is another top contender in the battle of social media analytics tools, and it may be worth your consideration. Offering analytics for all the major social media platforms, Sprout can help you plan and execute your social media strategy.

Like Hootsuite, Sprout offers a full-featured analytics dashboard, which provides details on both your paid and organic posts and helps you decide when to publish content for the best results. You can also easily white-label and download reports from the Sprout dashboard.

Sprout is quite a bit more expensive than Hootsuite, but Hootsuite offers more features and integrations.

Learn more: Compare Hootsuite and Sprout to see which one works best for you.

Source: Buffer

Best for: Business owners who run their own social media, solo social media managers at small-to-medium-sized businesses, agencies

Coolest feature: Simple Instagram performance tracking, including Stories analytics

Price: Starting at $6/month for 1 social channel

Buffer is primarily a social media scheduler for Instagram, Facebook, X, TikTok, Pinterest, and LinkedIn.

When it comes to analytics, Buffer is relatively light on features. It doesn’t offer analytics for all platforms and doesn’t come with social listening features or competitive benchmarking. However, Buffer’s user-friendly dashboard is simple and straightforward, making it great for social media managers who just want to get in, schedule, and get out.

Learn more: Read our guide to Hootsuite vs. Buffer for more on how these platforms compare.

Source: HubSpot

Best for: Marketing teams at larger companies focused on understanding how social marketing efforts impact the customer journey

Coolest feature: Integration with your CRM to track data like new contacts driven by social media

Price: Starting at $800/month

Skill level: Advanced

Hubspot is a bit different from some of the other social media analytics tools on this list. With Hubspot, social media management is part of the Hubspot Marketing Hub software that also helps you manage email, SEO, and CRM records.

That means it’s best for brands that develop long-standing customer relationships, both before and after purchase, and that use multiple marketing approaches rather than sticking to social.

Hubspot integrates with Hootsuite to bring more social user context into your Hubspot CRM data and ticket system.

Learn more: You can add Hubspot to your Hootsuite dashboard

Source: Later

Best for: Business owners who run their own social media, solo social media managers at small-to-medium-sized businesses

Coolest feature: Link in Bio page data flow to track website clicks from Instagram and TikTok

Price: Starting at $25/month

Later really shines for smaller brands and creators who like to visualize and preview social media content before they post.

While Later can also help you measure the performance of your social media content and optimize posting times, the platform lacks some more advanced analytics features like competitive analysis and industry benchmarking.

Learn more: Compare Later and Hootsuite to see which solution is best for you.

6. Rival IQ

Source: Rival IQ

Best for: Social media managers who crave stats

Coolest feature: Free head-to-head reports against individual competitor accounts on Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, and X

Price: From $239 per month

Skill level: intermediate

Rival IQ was designed to let social media managers be data scientists, without the pesky certification. Rival IQ delivers on-demand analytical data, alerts, and custom reports from major social media platforms.

Easily conduct a competitive analysis or a complete social media audit with Rival IQ’s in-depth reporting. Then, present your findings to your stakeholders and marketing team with fully customizable charts, graphics, and dashboards.

Rival IQ isn’t just for the big picture. Comprehensive social post analytics lets you see exactly which posts work for each platform and identify why they work.

Pro tip: Getting owned by the competition? With Rival IQ you can also analyze your competitors’ social media accounts. See what works for them and look for ways to incorporate those techniques into your own social media presence.

Learn more: Try a demo or start your free trial with Rival IQ

7. Talkwalker

Source: Talkwalker

Best for: social media managers, PR and communications teams, brand monitors, product marketers, researchers

Coolest feature: Monitor conversations from more than 150 million sources to analyze engagement, potential reach, comments, sentiment, and emotions

Price: Pricing upon request –  request a demo for more details

Skill level: Intermediate to advanced

Talkwalker offers analytics related to social conversations beyond your owned social properties, including:

• Brand sentiment
• Important influencers
• Conversation clusters

You can filter by region, demographics, device, type of content, and more.

Talkwalker is especially useful to spot activity peaks in conversations about your brand. This can help you determine the best times for your brand to post on social media .

Psst: Hootsuite is set to acquire Talkwalker VERY SOON . This means that you will get access to Talkwalker social listening and analytics directly in your Hootsuite dashboard!

8. Brandwatch

Source: Brandwatch

Best for: PR and communications teams, social media marketers who focus on engagement and brand monitoring

Coolest feature: Track and analyze data from more than 100 million sources, including blogs, forums, and review sites, as well as social networks

Price: Pricing available on request – request a demo for more details

Brandwatch offers a powerful suite of tools that allow you to track and analyze your social media accounts while also monitoring brand reputation and social share of voice.

Brandwatch Consumer Research pulls from more than 1.4 trillion posts, with AI tools to help you filter out the trends and data that are most relevant to your business. You can set up email alerts to keep you informed when sentiment or conversion volume change.

Learn more: You can add Brandwatch to your Hootsuite dashboard

Source: Keyhole

Best for: Enterprise-level businesses and organizations

Coolest feature: Automated reports on influencer marketing campaigns with a breakdown of ROI

Price: Starting at $89/month

Keyhole lets you report on everything: social media campaigns, brand mentions and interactions, hashtag impact, and even influencer campaign results.

You can drill down into your impressions, reach, share of voice, and even analyze your competitors’ social media strategies.

If you’re using influencer marketing as part of your strategy, Keyhole has reporting capabilities that will let you identify the ideal influencers to work with and measure their performance over time.

Learn more: How to identify and work with the best influencers .

10. Channelview Insights

Source: Synaptive

Best for: YouTube marketers and creators, social media managers who run a YouTube channel alongside other social channels

Coolest feature: Analyze the performance of multiple YouTube channels and export PDF or CSV reports

Price: Starting at $8/month (free for Hootsuite Enterprise users)

Skill level: All skill levels

Channelview Insights allows you to analyze YouTube video and channel performance alongside all your other social media channels. You can also schedule automatic, regular reports.

Easily see the following metrics in one place:

• Views, engagement, subscription activity, and watch time
• Audience insights for demographics, geography, acquisition and more

Learn more: You can add Channelview Insights to your Hootsuite dashboard

11. Mentionlytics

Source: Mentionlytics

Best for: PR and communications teams, brand monitoring teams, product marketers, researchers at small to medium-sized businesses.

Coolest feature: Clear sentiment and share of voice analysis in multiple languages

Price : Starting at $69/month

Want to get the big picture view of what’s being said about your brand on the internet?

Mentionlytics is a great entry point to using social media analytics for brand monitoring — especially if you run a global business in more than one language.

It’s also an effective tool for identifying influencers and tracking relevant hashtags.

Learn more: You can add Mentionlytics to your Hootsuite dashboard

12. Panoramiq Insights

Best for: Instagram marketers and creators

Coolest feature: Detailed Instagram Story analytics for multiple accounts

Panoramiq Insights is perfect for Instagram marketers who want deeper insights on their Stories in particular.

Among other things, Panoramiq Insights lets you:

• Analyze follower demographics, including age, gender, country, city and language
• Monitor Instagram account activity (for multiple accounts), including views and new followers
• Find your best posts with view and engagement analytics
• Measure Story views and interactions

Learn more : You can add Panoramiq Insights to your Hootsuite dashboard

13. Quintly

Source: Quintly

Best for: Social media managers at small-to-medium-sized businesses, enterprise-level companies, agencies

Coolest feature: Customizable dashboards that draw from more than 500 social media metrics

Price: Starting at $315/month

Unlike many of the tools on this list, Quintly is exclusively a social media analytics tool. That means it’s built solely to provide top-quality analytics, rather than bundling analytics with other social media management capabilities.

Quintly provides detailed data and reports for Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube and Snapchat, along with competitor benchmarking.

Learn more: The social media metrics you need to track in 2024

14. Iconosquare

Source: Iconosquare

Best for: Solo entrepreneurs who manage their own social media accounts, social media managers at small-to-medium-sized businesses

Coolest feature: Reports (in PDF or XLS) include social images for clearer reporting and analysis

Price: Starting at $79/month

Iconosquare allows you to report on brand metrics for multiple profiles across Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and TikTok. You can compare time periods and track more than 100 metrics as graphs or raw data.

While you’re at it, you can benchmark your performance against your competitors and set your reports to arrive in your inbox on a regular schedule.

Learn more: Social media benchmarks Q4 2023

7 free social media analytics tools

15. google analytics.

Source: Google

Best for: Social media professionals who work for a web-based business

Coolest feature: See how much traffic and leads flow to your website from your social media channels

Google Analytics is one of the best free tools to learn about your website visitors. If you’re a social marketer who wants to drive traffic to your website, it’s an invaluable resource.

While it’s not a standalone social media analytics tool, you can use it to set up reports that will help you:

• See which social media platforms send you the most traffic
• See what content drives the most leads and traffic on which social networks
• Get to know your audience with demographic data
• Calculate the ROI of your social media campaigns

With these data points, you’ll be able to get the most out of your social media campaigns and effectively strategize for the future. No social media strategy is complete without Google Analytics.

Learn more: How to use Google Analytics to track social media success

16. Meta Business Suite Insights

Source: Meta Business Suite

Available to: Facebook Pages and Instagram professional accounts

The Insights tab within Meta Business Suite is the place to find account-, platform-, and post-level metrics for Facebook and Instagram side-by-side. You can also research the demographics of your audience and track your ad account spend.

Learn more: 3 Top Facebook analytics tools

17. Instagram Insights

Source: Instagram

Available to: Business and creator accounts

Instagram’s in-app analytics tool offers account- and post-level data for metrics like reach and engagement. You can track trends in follower growth and identify all the different ways followers interact with your content.

You can also learn about the demographics of your Instagram audience and track the performance of your Instagram Reels and Stories.

Learn more: Guide to Smarter Results Tracking on Instagram

18. TikTok Analytics

Source: TikTok

Available to: TikTok business accounts

TikTok’s native analytics tool breaks your metrics down into overview data, content performance analytics, and follower demographics and growth.

Learn more: 4 TikTok analytics tools

19. X Analytics

Available to: All users of X (formerly Twitter)

While X analytics are currently being modified, for the moment they allow you to understand the performance of your paid and organic X posts and learn which other X users have the most potential to amplify your content.

You can access monthly highlights like top posts and top followers. It’s a good place to get a snapshot of your best performing content and identify potential influencers or brand ambassadors .

You can also dig deeper to track the engagements and impressions on your content over a selected period.

Learn more: How to use X analytics

20. Pinterest Analytics

Source: Pinterest

Available to: Pinterest business accounts

Pinterest’s built-in free social media analytics tools help you understand your Pinterest audience’s interests. You can track key metrics for paid and organic Pins, including impressions, engagements, video views, and profile visits. You’ll also find Pinterest-specific stats like saves and closeups.

If you add the Pinterest tag to your website, you can use Pinterest Analytics to track conversions.

Learn more: A Simple Guide to Using Pinterest Analytics

21. LinkedIn Page Analytics

Source: LinkedIn

Available to: LinkedIn Page admins

LinkedIn Page Analytics provides data on your Linkedin content, followers, visitors, leads, and competitors. You can also track your employee advocacy efforts, engagement with your career pages, and newsletter performance.

Learn more: LinkedIn Analytics: The Complete Guide for Marketers

Track your social media performance and maximize your budget with Hootsuite. Publish your posts and analyze the results in the same, easy-to-use dashboard. Try it free today.

All your social media analytics in one place . Use Hootsuite to see what’s working and where to improve performance.

Become a better social marketer.

Get expert social media advice delivered straight to your inbox.

Christina Newberry is an award-winning writer and editor whose greatest passions include food, travel, urban gardening, and the Oxford comma—not necessarily in that order.

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Watch CBS News

Russian disinformation network targets politicians ahead of EU elections

By Erielle Delzer

June 3, 2024 / 4:03 PM EDT / CBS News

A growing Russian disinformation network is targeting European Union countries ahead of the EU Parliament elections scheduled for June, researchers say, largely focused on spreading false claims about the war in Ukraine and political leaders who are critical of Russia.

The disinformation network, which operates under the "Pravda" name and masquerades as news websites, is now targeting all 27 EU countries  with its content. Researchers from the European Digital Media Observatory say the network's use of artificial intelligence to produce high volumes of content provides an insight into Russia's disinformation tactics ahead of the U.S. presidential election. 

Darren Linvill, a professor at Clemson University in South Carolina who specializes in social media disinformation research, told CBS News that Russian disinformation tactics have evolved. "Russians are masters at narrative laundering, the process of placing a false or misleading story and then weaving it into online conversations in such a way that the original source is obscured," he said.

"They will discredit institutions, undermine the legitimacy of the democratic process and attack moderate political candidates, both Democrat and Republican, in an attempt to drive further extremism ," he said.

A CBS News analysis found the sham news websites published dozens of false claims over the past two weeks alone. Among them, that the U.S. will soon ramp up the conflict in Ukraine; the U.S., British and German governments were responsible for the attempted assassination of Slovakia's prime minister ; and EU officials are intensifying a witch hunt amid searches for Russian interference in EU offices.

Professional media organizations tend to link news articles to the journalists who reported the information in the name of transparency. However, these fabricated articles do not. Instead, they link to Telegram accounts such as Rybar, a channel founded by Russian military blogger Mikhail Zvinchuk, who previously worked for the Russian Defense Ministry. Rybar has quickly grown to over 1.2 million subscribers for its pro-Russian stance on the conflict in Ukraine.

Thanos Sitistas, a lead researcher on the Pravda network for the observatory, told CBS News the Russian disinformation network may be testing which narratives have an impact. "The tool/s they use offer a great amount of automation, " he wrote in an email. " For the most part, they pick up content from certain Telegram accounts and reproduce it as it is."

"They look for weaknesses and strong points and will eventually adjust accordingly," he said. "They also map the local information landscape and could adapt their future strategies, by ascertaining which narratives have impact and which don't."

Articles across Pravda EN and its sister websites in several European languages follow the same structure of information pulled from pro-Russian Telegram accounts. 

The observatory's researchers  underscored a sharp uptick in new Pravda websites in March, citing evidence that the network has expanded to at least 28 countries, including 19 EU member states. It first began with five websites launched in 2023 targeting German, English, French, Spanish and Polish languages. 

The French government found in its own investigation the websites all had a common IP address hosted on a server traced to Russia, as well as the same external links and sections.

Recent analysis from Microsoft's Threat Analysis Center  said  Russia "remains the most committed and capable threat" to the 2024 U.S. presidential   election, with new forms of influence and interference efforts, including the use of generative AI.

The observatory's researchers said the Pravda network's websites show "a high level of automation" as content is published 24/7 and in high volumes. A CBS News analysis found that as many as 70 articles were published in one hour on Pravda EN, with a majority focusing on the conflict in Ukraine. 

U.S. agencies have increasingly warned of the usage of generative AI by foreign actors to attempt to influence the 2024 election.

Advances in generative AI are lowering the barrier to entry for U.S. adversaries including Russia to spread disinformation, FBI Director Christopher Wray  said  in February, while also making their tactics "more realistic and difficult to detect."

• Disinformation
• Artificial Intelligence

Erielle Delzer is a verification producer for CBS News Confirmed. She covers misinformation, AI and social media. Contact Erielle at [email protected].

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