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• Verb Tenses in Academic Writing | Rules, Differences & Examples

Verb Tenses in Academic Writing | Rules, Differences & Examples

Published on September 22, 2014 by Shane Bryson . Revised on September 18, 2023.

Tense communicates an event’s location in time. The different tenses are identified by their associated verb forms. There are three main verb tenses: past ,  present , and  future .

In English, each of these tenses can take four main aspects:  simple ,  perfect ,  continuous  (also known as  progressive ), and  perfect continuous . The perfect aspect is formed using the verb  to have , while the continuous aspect is formed using the verb  to be .

In academic writing , the most commonly used tenses are the  present simple , the  past simple , and the  present perfect .

Table of contents

Tenses and their functions, when to use the present simple, when to use the past simple, when to use the present perfect, when to use other tenses.

The table below gives an overview of some of the basic functions of tenses and aspects. Tenses locate an event in time, while aspects communicate durations and relationships between events that happen at different times.

It can be difficult to pick the right verb tenses and use them consistently. If you struggle with verb tenses in your thesis or dissertation , you could consider using a thesis proofreading service .

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The present simple is the most commonly used tense in academic writing, so if in doubt, this should be your default choice of tense. There are two main situations where you always need to use the present tense.

Describing facts, generalizations, and explanations

Facts that are always true do not need to be located in a specific time, so they are stated in the present simple. You might state these types of facts when giving background information in your introduction .

• The Eiffel tower  is in Paris.
• Light  travels faster than sound.

Similarly, theories and generalizations based on facts are expressed in the present simple.

• Average income differs by race and gender.
• Older people express less concern about the environment than younger people.

Explanations of terms, theories, and ideas should also be written in the present simple.

• Photosynthesis  refers to  the process by which plants  convert sunlight into chemical energy.
• According to Piketty (2013), inequality grows over time in capitalist economies.

Describing the content of a text

Things that happen within the space of a text should be treated similarly to facts and generalizations.

This applies to fictional narratives in books, films, plays, etc. Use the present simple to describe the events or actions that are your main focus; other tenses can be used to mark different times within the text itself.

• In the first novel, Harry learns he is a wizard and travels  to Hogwarts for the first time, finally escaping the constraints of the family that raised him.

The events in the first part of the sentence are the writer’s main focus, so they are described in the present tense. The second part uses the past tense to add extra information about something that happened prior to those events within the book.

When discussing and analyzing nonfiction, similarly, use the present simple to describe what the author does within the pages of the text ( argues , explains , demonstrates , etc).

• In The History of Sexuality , Foucault asserts that sexual identity is a modern invention.
• Paglia (1993) critiques Foucault’s theory.

This rule also applies when you are describing what you do in your own text. When summarizing the research in your abstract , describing your objectives, or giving an overview of the  dissertation structure in your introduction, the present simple is the best choice of tense.

• This research  aims  to synthesize the two theories.
• Chapter 3 explains  the methodology and discusses ethical issues.
• The paper  concludes with recommendations for further research.

The past simple should be used to describe completed actions and events, including steps in the research process and historical background information.

Reporting research steps

Whether you are referring to your own research or someone else’s, use the past simple to report specific steps in the research process that have been completed.

• Olden (2017) recruited 17 participants for the study.
• We transcribed and coded the interviews before analyzing the results.

The past simple is also the most appropriate choice for reporting the results of your research.

• All of the focus group participants agreed  that the new version  was an improvement.
• We  found a positive correlation between the variables, but it  was not as strong as we  hypothesized .

Describing historical events

Background information about events that took place in the past should also be described in the past simple tense.

• James Joyce  pioneered the modernist use of stream of consciousness.
• Donald Trump’s election in 2016  contradicted the predictions of commentators.

The present perfect is used mainly to describe past research that took place over an unspecified time period. You can also use it to create a connection between the findings of past research and your own work.

Summarizing previous work

When summarizing a whole body of research or describing the history of an ongoing debate, use the present perfect.

• Many researchers  have investigated the effects of poverty on health.
• Studies  have shown a link between cancer and red meat consumption.
• Identity politics has been a topic of heated debate since the 1960s.
• The problem of free will  has vexed philosophers for centuries.

Similarly, when mentioning research that took place over an unspecified time period in the past (as opposed to a specific step or outcome of that research), use the present perfect instead of the past tense.

• Green et al.  have conducted extensive research on the ecological effects of wolf reintroduction.

Emphasizing the present relevance of previous work

When describing the outcomes of past research with verbs like fi nd ,  discover or demonstrate , you can use either the past simple or the present perfect.

The present perfect is a good choice to emphasize the continuing relevance of a piece of research and its consequences for your own work. It  implies that the current research will build on, follow from, or respond to what previous researchers have done.

• Smith (2015) has found that younger drivers are involved in more traffic accidents than older drivers, but more research is required to make effective policy recommendations.
• As Monbiot (2013)  has shown , ecological change is closely linked to social and political processes.

Note, however, that the facts and generalizations that emerge from past research are reported in the present simple.

While the above are the most commonly used tenses in academic writing, there are many cases where you’ll use other tenses to make distinctions between times.

Future simple

The future simple is used for making predictions or stating intentions. You can use it in a research proposal  to describe what you intend to do.

It is also sometimes used for making predictions and stating hypotheses . Take care, though, to avoid making statements about the future that imply a high level of certainty. It’s often a better choice to use other verbs like  expect ,  predict,  and  assume to make more cautious statements.

• There  will be a strong positive correlation.
• We  expect  to find a strong positive correlation.
• H1  predicts a strong positive correlation.

Similarly, when discussing the future implications of your research, rather than making statements with will,  try to use other verbs or modal verbs that imply possibility ( can ,  could ,  may ,  might ).

• These findings  will influence  future approaches to the topic.
• These findings  could influence future approaches to the topic.

Present, past, and future continuous

The continuous aspect is not commonly used in academic writing. It tends to convey an informal tone, and in most cases, the present simple or present perfect is a better choice.

• Some scholars are suggesting that mainstream economic paradigms are no longer adequate.
• Some scholars suggest   that mainstream economic paradigms are no longer adequate.
• Some scholars have suggested   that mainstream economic paradigms are no longer adequate.

However, in certain types of academic writing, such as literary and historical studies, the continuous aspect might be used in narrative descriptions or accounts of past events. It is often useful for positioning events in relation to one another.

• While Harry is traveling to Hogwarts for the first time, he meets many of the characters who will become central to the narrative.
• The country was still recovering from the recession when Donald Trump was elected.

Past perfect

Similarly, the past perfect is not commonly used, except in disciplines that require making fine distinctions between different points in the past or different points in a narrative’s plot.

Sources in this article

We strongly encourage students to use sources in their work. You can cite our article (APA Style) or take a deep dive into the articles below.

Bryson, S. (2023, September 18). Verb Tenses in Academic Writing | Rules, Differences & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved September 3, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/verbs/tenses/

Aarts, B. (2011).  Oxford modern English grammar . Oxford University Press.

Butterfield, J. (Ed.). (2015).  Fowler’s dictionary of modern English usage  (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.

Garner, B. A. (2016).  Garner’s modern English usage (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.

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Shane Bryson

Shane finished his master's degree in English literature in 2013 and has been working as a writing tutor and editor since 2009. He began proofreading and editing essays with Scribbr in early summer, 2014.

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Future Tense in English: Arguments for the Presence of a Future Tense Essay

• To find inspiration for your paper and overcome writer’s block
• As a source of information (ensure proper referencing)
• As a template for you assignment

Future Tense Review

Arguments for the presence of a future tense.

All languages in the world have tenses. This is what facilitates communication by placing the action in relation to the time that it took place or is expected to take place. Tense is thus defined as a “temporal aspect of a verb in use.” Buzzin (2009). The English language boasts a number of tenses.

Although many people categorize them as a notion of time, some analysts consider what is referred to as tense in textbooks as an interplay of tense, aspect, and situation type (Saeed, 2003). This situation means that tense has a complicated twist that needs to be looked at with an analytical eye in order to understand the various complicated situations that occur. This has led to many controversies and debates between scholars of semantics.

Among the most controversial aspects of semantics is the issue of the future tense in English. Views from different scholars conflict with some saying that English has no future tense while others insist that it has. Looking deep at the points of argument, it is reasonable to say that English has a future tense although it is marked by an ambiguity that results from the secondary modal meaning.

What are the aspects of the future tense that lead to this conflict? A lot of people tend to believe that the word ‘will’ denotes a future tense (Declerck, 1991). This could be true to some extent but not in all aspects. For example,

“John will see her tomorrow.” This sentence shows that the action will take place the day after the sentence has been uttered. Therefore, the word ‘will’ is used here to portray the aspect of time. It is, therefore, true to say that the word ‘will’ is used to denote a future tense in English.

The controversy arises in the fact that the word ‘will’ belongs to a family of words referred to as modal verbs. This group includes words like might, may, can, would, etc. therefore the word ‘will’ can be used in a sentence without denoting an aspect of time. For example,

“Peter will be in church now.” This sentence does not have anything to do with future or present tense. It is purely based on the behavioral pattern exhibited by Peter. It simply means, at such a time, Peter is usually in church. Peter’s location at that point in time is based on his normal behavior. On the other hand, the future can be denoted without using any future tense. For example,

“Peter is arriving tomorrow morning.” This sentence has placed the situation in a future context without using any verb to denote the time aspect. ‘Will’ is, therefore, an ambiguous word in terms of its future and modal capacities.

Scholars have found a great problem when it comes to the issue of tense markers. The words are commonly known to indicate a reference of time can sometimes be used but bring out a completely different aspect of meaning that has a complete opposite of what it is supposed to mean (Saeed, 2003). For example, a tense marker like ‘-ed’ is universally believed to mean a past tense.

“Peter played with his pet dog.” This sentence means that by the time the speaker was referring to Peter, the action of playing had already taken place. But a problem comes up when the suffix ‘-ed’ is used but fails to refer to the reference of time. For example,

“If the headteacher arrived now, the situation would have been handled in a more mature way.” In this sentence, ‘-ed’ has been used in the sentence but it does not denote time. The situation denoted by ‘arrived’ is in the present. And not the past as due to the use of the suffix ‘-ed’ this means that at times, the use of tense markers can be a source of controversy when it comes to pointing out time reference.

In addition to this, the word ‘will’ still fails to be a tense marker from other points of view. But Pullum (2008) gives other forms of will that denote other functions that are not time-oriented. He says that ‘will’ can also be used to mean the following:

• Volition: In this form of using the word will, it means that the subject in question is determined to do the action.
• Inclination: in this form, the subject is said to be inclined towards doing the action
• Tendency: this use of ‘will’ means that the subject in question has in the past tended to do the given action.
• Inference: in this form, ‘will’ simply denotes that the subject in question can be inferred to be doing the given action at that moment.
• Prediction: here, ‘will’ means that it can be predicted that the subject in question is doing the given action.

We will take a number of sentences to show that ‘will’ cannot be termed as a tense marker but a form of a linguistic maneuver to enable the speaker to get a reference to the future. The sentences will also be used to strengthen the aspects of ‘will’ as shown above.

“Mind the slippery floor, if you will, madam.” This use of the word will does not show that the action is surely going to take place. The ‘madam’ is given a choice to mind the slippery floor or not. Therefore, there is no surety that the action is going to take place. The sentence, therefore, means that it is the wish of madam to mind the slippery floor and not that she definitely is going to mind the floor.

“Won’t you join the dance floor?” ‘Will’ can also be used as a form of invitation. In the given sentence, the speaker is simply offering an invitation to the listener to join the dances on the floor. There is no being sure that the listener is going to join them. It cannot be taken that the prediction is confirmed. Therefore, the word ‘will’ has not been used to confirm a prediction that someone is going to join a group of dancers. Although the offer to participate in the dancing has been made, the person might refuse the offer. Therefore, the statement will be a lie.

“That will mean a couple of weeks.” If in the process of doing a certain task one encounters a problem and reports it to an expert and he is told the statement above, the word ‘will’ will have been used not to mean that the situation will take some time before it requires a couple of weeks. The meaning is that at that moment, the situation is requiring a couple of weeks. Therefore, ‘will’ has not shown any reference to the future but a reference to a prediction.

“The teacher will not know that we are through, we ought to call him.” This is another form of the word ‘will’ that does not have any reference to the future. What this sentence means is that at the moment when the speaker is speaking, the teacher does not know that the students have completed their task. It does not mean that the teacher will come to fail to know at some point in the future that the students are through with whatever they are doing. This denotes use of the word ‘will’ not to refer to time but to refer to an inference.

“The reason why my students have always performed exemplarily is that I will not tolerate laziness.” This sentence means that this teacher has always had students who perform well. Even at the given moment, they are performing well. The reason why they perform well is that he has always been strict when it comes to laziness. He never condones the character of laziness in his class.

Therefore, the use of ‘will’ does not make the sentence be in a future tense. It does not explain that the teacher will start being strict with his students in future but he does it and has always been doing it. ‘Will’ is used to denote volition. The teacher is determined to ensure that his students are not lazy.

“Blue litmus paper will turn pink on exposure to moisture.” This statement means that it is a normal phenomena that when blue litmus paper is exposed to moisture, it change its color from blue to pink. The meaning is not made to hold futuristic reference. It does not mean that starting next year, any litmus paper that will be exposed to moisture will turn pink but this happens and has always happened. ‘Will’ is used here to refer to a tendency. Blue litmus paper tends to turn pink whenever it is exposed to moisture.

“I have given him all sorts of extra attention but he won’t improve on his performance.” This statement gives another dimension of the use of the word ‘will.’ It means that the teacher has been giving attention to this student with the aim of helping him improve on his performance but every time results come out, the student fails. It does not mean that the teacher gives the student extra attention but the student will perform poorly in future. The use of ‘will’ here denotes an inclination. The student is inclined to performing poorly despite the teacher’s effort.

“If he played according to the rules, he will have easily won the contest.” This statement gives us another dimension of the use of the word ‘will.’ Here, it shows that the contest is already over. Maybe the subject won the contest but with difficulties or he completely failed to win. There is no reference to future in this statement. In fact, it has its deictic point in the past. The winning is not bound to happen in future because of the use of the word ‘will.’ In this context, it has been used in a prediction point. It is predictable that the person would have won if he played by the rules of the game.

“The students will be through with the assignment right now.” This statement has also employed the use of the modal verb ‘will’ without referring to a future reference in time. The statement does not mean that the students will still do the assignment until the next day before they finish it the day the speaker is speaking. In fact, this will be a meaningless statement should someone try to understand it from a futuristic point of view.

The allegations that English does not have a future tense do not mean that one cannot refer to the future in English. In addition, the use of ‘will’ is not refuted as a means of referring to the future. What is meant here is that English does not have a specific tense system that denotes the future. In most cases, idiomatic expressions and some periphrastic maneuvers are used to bring out the aspect future reference.

Hagen (2009) tries to put it clear that by saying that English does not have a future tense it does not mean that there is no way of expressing the future through his definition of tense. He distinguishes tense and time. This is to say that time is not synonymous to tense. English speakers have a future time reference but they do not have a future tense.

There have been other scholars who have given their own reasons as to why there is a future tense in English. Seely (1997) refutes the argument that English does not have a future tense when he questions on what really accounts for a tense. According to him, tense does not only have to be constructed through morphological categories only. This, he says, is a narrow minded approach that is confined to the out dated Latin approach to the study of modern language.

On the issue of tense markers ‘will/shall’ being derived from modal verbs, Seely (1997) defies the stance of those who advocate this rule. According to him, the a statement that uses will to denote a future tense does not have as its primary meaning the modal part instead, he argues that these statements have the tense as its primary meaning with the modal usage coming in as secondary uses. Most statements uttered to denote the future have necessity as there nature, something that needs to be done. They are not factual statements that should be cast in iron frames.

Other arguments have been that English uses other constructions including the periphrastic construction, be + going + verb inf. To construct there future references (Comrie, 1989). To this, Seely (1997) has the following arguments.

• It is not only English that uses periphrastic constructions to construct the future tense. English also uses a verb “aller” to forma periphrastic construction denoting the future.
• The use of the verb will with another verb is the only form of future reference that is compatible to all other types of verbs.
• Although there are situations when present and present progressive tenses can be used to refer to the future, they are not in position to stand in isolation. In most cases, they need contextual support or adverbs expressing the future so as to give the future reference. This does not apply to the future tense. This tense stands alone.

In conclusion, the conflict resulting from the ambiguity of the modal verbs used to form the future tense in English does not qualify to say that English language does not have a future tense. The priority placed on the modal use or the time reference use should be put in consideration before making a conclusion. From the two argument positions, I feel that English has a future tense.

Buzzin. English grammar- tenses . Web.

Comrie, B. 1989. On identifying future tenses, in Abraham, W. & Janssen, T. (eds.), Tempus – Aspekt – Modus: die lexikalischen und grammatischen =46ormen in den Germanischen Sprachen, T=FCbingen: Niemeyer, 51-63.

Declerck, R. 1991. Tense in English: its structure and use in discourse, London: Routledge.

Hagen, K., (2009) What do you mean there is no future tense? Pollysyllabic. Web.

Matthiesen, C. 1983. Choosing primary tense in English, Studies in Language, 7, 369-429.

Pullum, G., (2008) The Lord which was and is . University of Pennylvania. Web.

Saeed, J., (2003) Introducing Linguistics . Oxford: Blackwell

Seely, D., (1997). The English future . Linguist List. Web.

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Future Tenses in English (Structure & 10 Examples Each)

Future tenses indicate an action that will happen in the future. These are used to talk about the future; to describe what will happen (or will be happening) in future; and to make predictions about what might happen.

There are a few different ways to form the future tense in English. The most common is to use the auxiliary verb “will” followed by the base form of the main verb. For example:

Finally, the future tense can also be expressed using the present tense form (base form) of the main verb. This is typically used for scheduled events that will occur in the future. For example:

The future tense is a verb tense used to indicate that an action or event is expected to take place in the future. The future tense can be used to express actions, events, or states of being that will occur at some point in the future.

Types of Future Tenses

What is simple future tense.

The simple future tense is used to describe an event that will take place in the future. It is typically expressed using the modal verb “will”. For example, the sentence “I will go to the store.” expresses the fact that going to the store is something that will happen in the future.

Other ways of expressing the simple future tense include using the verb “shall” or using the base form of the verb with no auxiliary verb. In some cases, a present tense form may be used to express futurity, such as with the phrase “I am leaving tomorrow.”

The simple future tense can also be used to express probability or likelihood, as in the sentence “This will be my last chance to see her.”

When Simple Future Tense is Used?

Structure of simple future tense.

Subject + will + base form of verb

10 Examples of Simple Future Tense

What is future continuous (progressive) tense.

The Future Progressive Tense is used to express actions that will be in progress at a specific time in the future. The time can be expressed explicitly, or it can be implied. For example:

However, there are some subtle differences in meaning between the two forms. In general, will is used for actions that are sure to happen, while be going to is used for actions that are more likely or planned. For example:

When Future Continuous Tense is Used?

Structure of future continuous tense.

Subject + will be + present participle

10 Examples of Future Continuous Tense

What is future perfect tense.

The Future Perfect Tense is used to express an action that will be completed before a certain time in the future. This tense is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will” along with the present participle of the main verb. For example, “I will have finished my essay by noon tomorrow.”

As you can see, the future perfect tense is used to describe an event that will happen before another event in the future. In order to form this tense, you need to use the correct verb conjugation of “will” followed by the correct verb conjugation of “have” and the past participle of the main verb.

When Future Perfect Tense is Used?

Here are some examples of how to use the future perfect tense:

Structure of Future Perfect Tense

Subject + will have + past participle

10 Examples of Future Perfect Tense

What is future perfect progressive tense.

The future perfect progressive tense is used to describe an ongoing action that will be completed at some point in the future. This tense is formed by using the present tense of the verb “to be” followed by the present participle of the main verb. For example:

I will have been studying French for two years by the time I go to Paris.

In this sentence, the action of studying French is ongoing and will be completed in the future.

When Future Perfect Continuous Tense is Used?

The Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to express an action that will be unfinished at a certain time in the future. It can also be used to talk about an action that will have been going on for some time when another event happens.

Structure of Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Structure of present perfect tense is:

10 Examples of Future Perfect Continuous Tense

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Writing Narration In the Future Tense

Future tense is a way of delivering a story that is yet to occur; the narrator, whether first, second, or third-person, is offering a tale before it happens. It is fairly uncommon in fiction, as it feels speculative to the reader and is difficult to write in effectively, and so tends to be used for sections, extracts, or dialogue, rather than an entire narrative. There have been a small selection of books written in the future tense, but often they are not as commercially successful as those written in past or present .

There are four types of future tense: future simple, future continuous, future perfect, and future perfect continuous.

Future simple tense means describing actions being undertaken in the future: I will listen. You will try not to daydream. The children will sing. Practice will go on for hours.

Future continuous tense means describing actions during their undertaking in the future: I will be listening. You will be trying not to daydream. The children will be singing. Practice will be going on for hours.

Future perfect tense means describing actions after their undertaking in the future: I will have listened. You will have tried not to daydream. The children will have sung. Practice will have gone on for hours.

Future perfect continuous tense means describing actions that were undertaken after their undertaking in the future: I will have been listening. You will have been trying not to daydream. The children will have been singing. Practice will have been going on for hours.

Future Tense from a First-Person Perspective

The immediacy and intimacy of first-person lends future tense a wistful quality that can lead to what-if? thoughts and mental exploration of potential futures. This is an interesting and often disregarded way of further developing a character, allowing the narrator to plan and foresee, instead of simply reacting to the present or considering the past.

The telephonist will ask what about and cut off my reply then come back and say hold on and I’ll hold on but what to, then I’ll have to repeat what about anyway when I’ll get through to the wrong man, creating a false opposition as to the rightness of the right one and a false impression of relief when I finally get to him. Christine Brooke-Rose, Amelgamemnon

Brooke-Rose uses future tense throughout this novel and by doing so creates a sense of uncertainty as to what is happening, capitalising on her own unreliable narrator. The opinions and hypothetical soliloquies, combined with projected events and potential outcomes, create a stream-of-consciousness that is, in effect, an evaluation of how things may turn out. This is a delicate balance to maintain and, through a thought-like style of prose, Brooke-Rose delivers an intriguing character study.

Future Tense from a Second-Person Perspective

Writing in second-person is a challenge in itself, so adding future tense to it can make it appear, at least initially, to be an absolute impossibility. For some inexplicable reason, however, the two work quite well together. Whilst it could be regarded as a gimmick, future tense second-person allows the reader to potentially experience what the writer wishes, as they become a surrogate for the character in question and their as-yet-incomplete next steps; it will resonate with you in a way that other writing could not.

The advertisement should have two more words, in bigger, blacker type: Felipe Montero. Wanted, Felipe Montero, formerly on scholarship at the Sorbonne, historian full of useless facts, accustomed to digging among yellowed documents, part-time teacher in private schools, nine hundred pesos a month. But if you read that, you’d be suspicious, and take it as a joke. “Address, Donceles 815.” No telephone. Come in person. Carlos Fuentes, Aura

By inviting the reader to become part of the story and play the role of protagonist, Fuentes begins to weave a complex web that begins here, as the reader’s character—Felipe Montero—notices an advertisement that is taken as a personal instruction. The increased immediacy and empathy that second-person perspective brings, along with the subtle future tense, creates a more speculative story than is usual, allowing the reader to imaging becoming part of it and what they might do, rather than what they are doing. Interestingly, the English translation loses a lot of the future tense elements (as there is a definitive future tense in Spanish, whilst English only possesses present continuous with future projection), and so does not read as dreamlike as the original text.

Future Tense from a Third-Person Perspective

With the obvious benefit of third-person being distance from the characters, the drawback for future tense is it becomes obvious what the writer is aiming for and therefore the narrative voice is broken as the reader loses their suspension of disbelief. Instead, authors often employ future tense in dialogue and conversation, or even inner monologue through third-person limited, allowing for the foresight and premonition that future tense allows, yet not limiting the narrative to entirely hypothetical.

‘Ah! my dear,’ said the admiral, ‘when he has got a wife, he will sing a different tune. When he is married, if we have the good luck to live to another way, we shall see him do as you and I, and a great many others have done. We shall have him very thankful to any body that will bring him his wife.’ Jane Austen, Persuasion

Although Persuasion is written in past tense, a large portion of the dialogue is in future tense, and explores first, second and third-person points of view. As such, there is a constant sense of impending tension, as the conversations are influencing the future decisions the characters are yet to make. Whilst the narrative voice outside of dialogue is relatively passive, Austen uses the characters to pre-empt the reader’s assumptions as to what will happen later in the story whilst sometimes driving the narrative in a different direction, creating conflict through speech.

Narration In the Future Tense

Narratives written in future tense are yet to happen, so whoever the narrator is, they will be predicting the future. The most important aspect of writing in future tense is to ensure the narration remains as a prediction, and not a commentary on past or current events . This can create a feeling of distance from the story, in that events have yet to happen, however it can also add an experimental, dreamlike quality to the text.

Future tense brings a potential to the narrative, rather than the definite experienced in past and present . It is more surreal, in a way, and encourages speculation. Whilst being an interesting exercise to test your writing ability, it is not the most practical choice for the everyday tale, and is difficult to master. Like past and present , it has its place, and should be consistent and correct if used.

Further Reading

Writing exercises, practical tasks.

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Simple Future Tense: Explanation with Examples

By: bora.ege.turan

As you all know, verbs are words that showcase the action that someone is performing. To learn at what time these actions happen, we use tenses. Tenses change the form of verbs to signify the time they happen. Both verbs and tenses are integral parts of the English language and learning the tenses will help us speak English fluently. Simple Future Tense refers to actions that happen in the future. This guide will help you learn all about the Simple Future Tense.

What Is Simple Future Tense?

Simple Future Tense is used when talking about actions or events that have not happened yet but they will happen later . They will begin and end in the future . To exemplify, in the sentence “Laura will go out today.”, we understand that Laura has not gone out yet, nor is she outside right now. She will go out later today, meaning the action will happen in the future . The Simple Future Tense is the third most commonly used tense in the English language and it is very easy to learn. We use the Simple Future Tense in two forms.

There are two ways to use the Simple Future Tense, “will” and “be going to” . We use one of these two modals depending on the context and what we mean to say. Let’s take a look and learn when to use “will” and “be going to” .

“be going to”

“Be going to” is used to describe future actions that are connected to the present. These connections are:

Prior Plans: Something we decided in the past, or an action or event that was planned beforehand that is going to happen in the future. These actions must have been decided before speaking about them. Example: I am going to go on a vacation tomorrow, I have already bought the tickets.

Evidence: When we know something is going to happen in the future based on evidence, we use “be going to” . Example: It’s going to rain , I can see the dark clouds .

Sudden, Unexpected Action: When something is about to happen right now. Example: Careful, the ball is going to hit you on the head!

“Will” is used to describe future actions that do not have a connection to the present. These actions are unplanned .

Sudden, Rapid Decisions: When we decide on something right before we speak, we use “will” . Example: I think I will try the new drink.

Predictions: When we are making guesses and predictions, or state a belief we have about the future. Example: I think I will win this game.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Both “will” and “be going to” can be used to make predictions.

Example: I think she is going to buy you a present.

Promises: When making a promise, a threat or an offer for the future. Example: If you finish your homework, I promise I will buy you ice cream.

Refusal: When we are talking about someone refusing to do something, we use the negative form of “will”, which is “won’t (will not)” . Example: I tried everything, but he won’t come out of his room.

What Are the Grammar Rules of Simple Future Tense?

When using Simple Future Tense, one way is to say subject + “will” + root form of the V1 . Whether the subject is singular or plural does not make a difference. Here are some examples.

We will watch 3 movies tonight. I think she will catch the bus if she leaves now.

Another way to use Simple Future Tense is to say subject + “be going to” + root form of V1 . “Be” changes form according to the subject we use. It becomes “am” for “I” , “are” for “You/We/They” , and “is” for “He/She/It” . Whether the subject is singular or plural does not make a difference. Here are some examples:

I am going to wash the dishes in an hour. You are going to do your homework right now. He is going to stop drinking soda.

Simple Future Tense Grammar Table

To help you better understand the grammar rules and formula of Simple Future Tense using the “will” modal, here is a table:

To help you better understand the grammar rules and formula of Simple Future Tense using the “be going to” modal, here is a table:

How To Construct Sentences With Simple Future Tense

To use Simple Future Tense with the “will” modal, we use the formula subject + “will” + V1 . Similarly, for the “be going to” modal, we write subject + “be going to” + V1 . Here are some examples:

Don’t worry, you will pass your exams. I will drink some water later. They will read this book tomorrow. We will go shopping today.

He is going to take his cat to the vet. We are going to go to Italy next Tuesday. They are going to cook tomorrow. I am going to go to yoga at 6 pm.

Affirmative Simple Future Tense Sentence Examples

To form an affirmative Simple Future Tense sentence using “will”, we write subject + “will” + V1 . Here is a table and 5 examples:

I will go to school next week. She will start working in that building. You will stop bothering me when I’m working. They will come by later. We will cut heart shapes out of these papers.

To form an affirmative Simple Future Tense sentence using “be going to”, we write subject + “be going to” + V1 . Here is a table and 5 examples:

He is going to stop drinking coffee. I am going to do the dishes tonight. You are going to talk to the customers. We are going to start our homework next Saturday. They are going to love this new restaurant.

Negative Simple Future Tense Examples

To form a negative Simple Future Tense sentence, we write subject + “will not” (won’t) + V1 or subject + “be (not) going to” + V1 . Here is a table and some examples for negative Simple Future Tense sentences.

I will not go to work tomorrow. She won’t stop singing. They won’t go to school anymore.

To form a negative Simple Future Tense sentence, you can also use “be going to”. Here is a table and some examples for negative Simple Future Tense sentences.

I am not going to stop studying. We aren’t going to go camping. He is not going to visit his grandmother today.

Interrogative Simple Future Tense Examples

To form an interrogative sentence using the “will” modal in Simple Future Tense, “will” + subject + V1 and “will not” (won’t) + subject + V1 . Here are some tables and examples for interrogative sentences in Simple Future Tense.

Will you go to the movies with me? Will he come to school today? Will they start their homework? Won’t you read this book? Won’t she go to her cousin’s house next week?

To form an interrogative sentence using the “be going to” modal in Simple Future Tense, “be going to” + subject + V1 and “be (not) going to” + subject + V1.

Are you going to come work today? Are we going to go on a trip this weekend? Is he going to come to karaoke with us?

To form a negative interrogative sentence using the “be going to” modal in Simple Future Tense, we write “be (not) going to” + subject + V1 . This formula can have two forms with each subject. With the subject “I”, we either write “Am I not going to…” or “Aren’t I going to”. With the subjects “You/We/They” we either write “Aren’t you/we/they going to…” or “Are you/we/they not going to…” With the subjects “He/She/It” we either write “Is he/she/it not going to…” or “Isn’t he/she/it not going to…” All of these forms are correct and they do not change the meaning.

Aren’t they going to stop behaving like this? / Are they not going to stop behaving like this? Isn’t it going to rain today? / Is it not going to rain today? Aren’t I going to come to your house tomorrow? / Am I not going to come to your house tomorrow?

To form interrogative sentences in Simple Future Tense using question words (what, who, where etc.), we use the formula question word + will + subject + verb . To help you better understand, here is a table and a few examples.

What will I read next? Where will she go ? Who will you ask to go to the movies with you? How much will they spend if they go on a vacation? How many apples will we eat on our picnic?

To form interrogative sentences in Simple Future Tense using question words (what, who, where etc.), we use the formula question word + be going to + subject + verb . To help you better understand, here is a table and a few examples.

How am I going to go to the bus stop? Why are you going to quit school? What is she going to do when she visits her parents? When are we going to go to class today? Who is it going to attack now?

Why aren’t you going to come to my party? Why isn’t she going to finish her homework on time? Who aren’t we going to invite to her birthday party?

Adverbs of Time (Temporal Adverbs) In Simple Future Tense

Adverbs of time indicate the time in which the actions in question happen. We know that Simple Future Tense refers to actions that will happen in the future. Temporal adverbs help us further specify the time period of the actions . Some adverbs that we can use with Simple Future Tense are:

Soon, Today/Later Today, Later, Next Week/Month/Year, Tomorrow, In … (2-3-4) Days,

Here are some examples:

I will come over soon . He is going to bring the cake later today . Are you going to do your homework later ? We are going to go on a vacation next month . How will I go to school tomorrow ? Won’t she leave town in 3 days ?

Frequently Asked Questions About Simple Future Tense

What is the difference between Future Tense and Simple Present Continuous Tense?

Simple Future Tense is used when referring to actions or events that have not happened yet , on the other hand, Simple Present Continuous Tense is used when referring to actions or events that are currently happening .

What is the Difference Between Simple Future Tense and Present Perfect Tense?

Simple Future Tense is used when referring to actions or events that have not happened yet , while Present Perfect Tense is used when referring to actions or events that have started in the past and are still continuing .

What is the difference between Future Tense and Past Perfect Continuous Tense?

Simple Future Tense is used when referring to actions or events that have not happened yet , on the other hand Past Perfect Continuous Tense is used when referring to actions or events that started in the past and continued for a while before stopping, still in the past .

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Future Tense: Meaning, Different Types, Usage and Useful Examples

Future tense is a crucial aspect of English grammar, used to describe actions or events that will happen in the future. It is one of the twelve tenses in the English language and is essential for effective communication. Future tense is used to express a wide range of ideas, from simple predictions to more complex plans and arrangements.

Future Tense – Picture

What Is Future Tense?

Future tense is a grammatical tense that is used to describe actions that will happen in the future. It is one of the twelve verb tenses in English and is used to convey information about events that have not yet occurred.

In English, there are several ways to express future tense, including the use of the auxiliary verbs “will” and “shall,” the phrase “going to,” and the present tense of the verb . The most common form of future tense is the simple future tense, which is formed by adding “will” or “shall” to the root form of the verb.

For example, “I will work tomorrow” or “She shall call you back later.” In negative sentences, “will not” or “shall not” is used, such as “I will not be there” or “They shall not forget this.” Questions in future tense are formed by inverting the subject and the auxiliary verb, such as “Will you be there?” or “Shall we dance?”

It is important to note that the simple future tense is used for singular subjects, while “will” is used for plural subjects. For example, “He will go to the store” but “They will go to the store.”

Another form of the future tense is the future progressive tense, which is used to describe an action that will be ongoing at a specific time in the future. It is formed by combining “will” with the present participle of the verb, such as “I will be working at 5 PM.”

Types of Future Tenses

There are several types of future tenses in English grammar. Each type of tense is used to convey different meanings and situations. The four main types of future tenses are the Simple Future Tense, Future Continuous Tense, Future Perfect Tense, and Future Perfect Continuous Tense.

Simple Future Tense

The Simple Future Tense is used to express actions that will happen in the future. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will” or “shall” followed by the base form of the verb. For example, “He will eat breakfast tomorrow.”

Future Continuous Tense

The Future Continuous Tense is used to describe an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the future. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will” followed by “be” and the present participle of the verb (ending in -ing). For example, “I will be studying at 8 pm tomorrow.”

Future Perfect Tense

The Future Perfect Tense is used to describe an action that will be completed at a specific time in the future. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will” followed by “have” and the past participle of the verb. For example, “I will have finished my work by 5 pm tomorrow.”

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

The Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to describe an action that will have been in progress for a specific duration of time before a certain point in the future. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb “will” followed by “have been” and the present participle of the verb (ending in -ing). For example, “By next year, I will have been working at this company for ten years.”

Structure of the Future Tense

The future tense is used to describe events that are going to happen in the future. It is formed using different auxiliary verbs depending on the subject and the type of future tense. Here are the different structures for the future tense:

The simple future tense is formed using the auxiliary verb “will” + base form of the verb. Here are some examples:

• She will eat breakfast at 7 am.
• They will go to the beach tomorrow.
• He will not come to the party.

The future continuous tense is formed using the auxiliary verbs “will” or “shall” + “be” + present participle (-ing). Here are some examples:

• She will be studying for her exam at this time tomorrow.
• They will be playing soccer in the park.
• He will not be attending the meeting.

The future perfect tense is formed using the auxiliary verbs “will” or “shall” + “have” + past participle. Here are some examples:

• She will have finished her project by next week.
• They will have traveled to Europe by the end of the year.
• He will not have completed the task by the deadline.

The future perfect continuous tense is formed using the auxiliary verbs “will” or “shall” + “have been” + present participle (-ing). Here are some examples:

• She will have been studying for three hours by the time her friend arrives.
• They will have been waiting for the bus for an hour.
• He will not have been working out for long before he gets tired.

How to Use Future Tense

Subject-verb agreement.

When using the future tense, it is important to ensure that the subject and verb agree. In the future tense, the auxiliary verb “will” is used with the base form of the verb. For example, “He will eat breakfast tomorrow.” In negative sentences, “will not” or “won’t” is used with the base form of the verb. For example, “She won’t attend the meeting next week.”

Negative Sentences

To form negative sentences in the future tense, use the auxiliary verb “will not” or “won’t” with the base form of the verb. For example, “I will not go to the party tonight” or “They won’t be able to attend the concert.”

To form questions in the future tense, use the auxiliary verb “will” before the subject. For example, “Will you come to the party tonight?” or “Will they be able to attend the concert?”

Making Predictions

The future tense is often used to make predictions about future events. For example, “The weather will be sunny tomorrow” or “She will become a successful musician .”

Expressing Conditions

The future tense can also be used to express conditions. For example, “If it rains tomorrow, we will stay indoors” or “If he studies hard, he will pass the exam.”

When using the future tense, it is important to consider the context and the intended meaning. Other future tenses, such as the future progressive, present perfect progressive, past perfect progressive, and future perfect progressive, can also be used to convey different meanings.

When it comes to learning a new language, understanding grammar rules can be a challenge. Future tense is no exception. Here are some frequently asked questions about future tense in English:

What is future tense?

Future tense is a verb tense used to describe actions or states that will occur in the future. It is formed using the auxiliary verb “will” or “shall” plus the base form of the verb.

How many types of future tense are there?

There are four types of future tense in English: simple future, future continuous, future perfect, and future perfect continuous.

How is the simple future tense formed?

The simple future tense is formed using the auxiliary verb “will” or “shall” plus the base form of the verb. For example, “I will go to the store tomorrow.”

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• Writing Tips

Tense Use in Academic Writing: Past, Present and Future

4-minute read

• 2nd December 2016

While the dreary constraints of physical reality mean that we’re stuck in the present for all practical purposes, in speech or writing we can skip from past to present to future at will.

To do this, you’ll need to master the past, present and future tense. These grammatical tenses are useful in all kinds of writing, but here we’ll focus on their use in academic work .

What is Grammatical Tense?

Before anything else, we need to quickly clarify what we mean by “grammatical tense.”

The main thing you need to know is that the form of the verb in a sentence changes depending on when the action described occurs.

As such, by modifying a sentence to adjust the tense, we can change its meaning:

Present Tense: Alfred burns the cakes.

Past Tense: Alfred burned the cakes.

Future Tense: Alfred will burn the cakes.

In the first example, the present tense verb “burns” suggests that it’s happening now. The past tense verb “burned”, however, shows that it has already happened. And by adding the helping verb “will,” we can instead suggest that the action is going to happen in the future.

The examples above are the simple forms of each of these tenses. There are many variations on these, however, so it’s worth checking how each form differs in practice.

The Past Tense in Academic Writing

In an academic paper, you could use the past tense to show that an idea is not widely accepted any more. In the following, for instance, the past tense “claimed” and “has since been disputed” both signal that the study no longer applies:

Cook and Moore (1964) originally claimed that profane language is amusing, although this has since been disputed by many experts.

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The past tense is also commonly used in academic writing when describing the methods used in an experiment that has already been conducted:

The sample was tested using several techniques.

Some colleges have specific instructions for how a methodology chapter should be written, though, so make sure to check for rules about tense use in your style guide.

The Present Tense in Academic Writing

The present tense is dominant in most forms of academic work, since it applies when writing about current events or states of being. This includes describing:

• Existing facts and theories (e.g., “Profane language is common among young people…”)
• The findings of a study (e.g., “The results demonstrate that…”)
• The opinions or claims of other thinkers (e.g., “Cook and Moore argue that…”)

The present tense is usually correct even when describing a study that happened in the past, as long as the conclusions are still relevant in the present.

The Future Tense in Academic Writing

The future tense is less common in academic writing, but it still has a couple of important roles. One is in research proposals , since you’ll need to describe your research aims, predictions about results, and the methods you intend to use:

This study will examine the role of profane language in comedy. We predict that profane language will be considered hilarious by the majority of respondents.

The future tense is also useful when recommending fresh avenues of research or suggesting how the results of a study could be applied:

Our study suggests that further research should be conducted into the increasing use of profane language in everyday life.

The crucial thing is that the future tense is used when describing something that hasn’t yet happened or that is expected to occur in the future.

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The Simple Future Tense

Table of Contents

Introduction:, forms of the simple future:, affirmative forms.

Interrogative Forms

Negative Forms

will not = won’t

Use of the Simple Future:

Things to remember:.

Conclusion:

Future Tense

What is the future tense.

• I will jump in the lake.
• I will be happy.

Table of Contents

The Four Future Tenses Explained

Simple future tense, examples of the simple future tense, future progressive tense, examples of the future progressive tense, future perfect tense, examples of the future perfect tense, future perfect progressive tense, examples of the future perfect progressive tense, interactive verb conjugation tables, video lesson.

• I will play after breakfast.
• Susan will not go to Germany.
• What we achieve inwardly will change outer reality. (Greek biographer Plutarch)
• Always do your best. What you plant now, you will harvest later. (Author Og Mandino)
• Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere. (Physicist Albert Einstein)
• Women and cats will do as they please, and men and dogs should relax and get used to the idea. (Robert A Heinlein)
• In the end, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends. (Activist Martin Luther King Jr)
• Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life. (Chinese philosophe Confucius)
• Happiness is your dentist telling you it won't hurt and then having him catch his hand in the drill. (Producer Johnny Carson)
• I won't be a rock star. I will be a legend. (Singer Freddie Mercury)

• I will be playing for an hour.
• Will I be spending too much money if I buy the newer model?
• He will be fighting his way to the boxing championship.
• Always be nice to those younger than you because they are the ones who will be writing about you.
• In September, we will be enjoying all the fruit we planted last March.
• Those who are laughing now will be crying later.
• Soon I will be doing what I love again. (Guitarist Vinnie Vincent)
• I 'll be performing at 80 years old. Music is like fashion - it changes. But some things will always be the same. (Singer Toni Braxton)
• Every breath you take. Every move you make. Every bond you break. Every step you take, I 'll be watching you. (Singer Sting)
• She 'll be coming around the mountain when she comes.
• She 'll be riding six white horses when she comes.
• The next time you see a spider's web, please pause and look a little closer. You 'll be seeing one of the most high-performance materials known to man. (Biologist Cheryl Hayashi)
• In my case, there's no revolving door. I won't be going back to government. (Politician Mary Schapiro)

• I will have played by breakfast.
• By September, Jenny will have taken over that role.
• Will you have graduated by this time next year?
• I hope that, when I leave this planet, I will have touched a few people in a positive way. (Actor Will Rothhaar)
• The rain will not have stopped before the competition starts.
• You won't have sold a single car by tomorrow if you stay here.

• I will have been playing for 2 hours by breakfast.
• By the time the boat arrives, they will have been living without proper food for two weeks.
• Shops that will have been running for three or two years by then will have to close down.
• They will have been driving for ten hours by the time they arrive in Scotland.
• If it rains again tomorrow, then it will have been raining for three days.
• He will be agitated when he arrives because he will have been working for ten hours.
• When you are promoted next year, how long will you have been working on the factory floor?
• You will not have been waiting for over an hour when the taxi arrives. That's not true.

Top 10 Regular Verbs

Top 10 Irregular Verbs

All 4 Past Tenses

All 4 Present Tenses

All 4 Future Tenses

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This page was written by Craig Shrives .

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Simple Future Tense: Definition, Rules and Useful Examples

The simple future tense is used to describe actions that will happen in the future. It helps people talk about plans, predictions, and other future events. For example, saying “I will go to the store” indicates a plan to visit the store at a later time.

This tense uses the word “will” or “shall” followed by a verb. It’s very straightforward and easy to use, making it essential for clear communication about future actions. Many students find it helpful because it’s simple and direct.

People use the simple future tense every day without thinking about it. From making promises to describing upcoming events, this tense keeps conversations clear and focused on what will happen next. It’s a key part of mastering English and being able to communicate effectively.

Understanding Simple Future Tense

Simple Future Tense describes actions that will happen in the future. It is essential for talking about plans, predictions, and promises.

Definition and Usage

The Simple Future Tense is used to express actions that have not yet occurred but will take place later. Words like “will” and “shall” are often used to form this tense.

People use it for predictions: “It will rain tomorrow.” They also use it for decisions made at the moment: “I will call you later.” Promises and offers can also be expressed: “I will help you with your homework.”

Everyday conversations, stories, and written texts often include this tense. It helps in making communication clear about future intentions or events.

Formation of Simple Future Tense

To form the Simple Future Tense, use the auxiliary verbs “will” or “shall” followed by the base form of the main verb.

• I will eat dinner at 7 PM.
• She will finish her project next week.

For negative sentences, add “not” after “will” or “shall” (e.g., “will not” or “shall not”):

• He will not attend the meeting.
• They shall not pass this way again.

In questions, place “will” or “shall” at the beginning:

• Will you join us for coffee?
• Shall we start the game now?

These rules make it easy to talk about future plans, promises, and predictions. The structure is simple and clear.

Structures of Simple Future Tense

The simple future tense is used to express actions that will happen in the future. Below are the different structures used to form affirmative sentences, negative sentences, interrogative sentences, and short answers.

Affirmative Sentences

Affirmative sentences in the simple future tense are used to state what will happen. They follow this structure:

• Subject + will + base verb
• She will travel to Europe next year.
• They will start their project tomorrow.

Note that “will” is used with all subjects (I, you, he, she, it, we, they).

Negative Sentences

Negative sentences in the simple future tense are used to say what will not happen. They are formed by adding “not” after “will”:

• Subject + will + not + base verb
• He will not participate in the contest.
• We will not attend the meeting.

“Will not” can be contracted to “won’t”:

• She won’t call you tonight.

Interrogative Sentences

Interrogative sentences in the simple future tense are used to ask questions. They follow this structure:

• Will + subject + base verb?
• Will you join us for dinner?
• Will they arrive on time?

Notice how “will” is placed at the beginning of the sentence.

Short Answers

Short answers in the simple future tense are brief responses to yes/no questions. They only use the subject and “will” or “won’t”:

• Yes, subject + will.
• No, subject + won’t.
• Will she come? Yes, she will.
• Will they leave soon? No, they won’t.

These responses are concise and direct.

How to Use the Simple Future Tense

Learn how and when to use the future simple tense in English with helpful grammar rules, example sentences, videos and ESL worksheets. 

The future simple tense is used:

For Actions Decided at the moment of Speech

I have a toothache . I ‘ll take a medicine.

For Unplanned Future Actions

Winter will come soon.

For Offering, Asking for a Request Promising, Ordering, Threatening

I’m afraid we will get wet.

For Unpreventable Actions in Future

Summer will come soon.

With Conditional, Time and Purpose Clauses

When I arrive at home, I will call you.

For Thoughts, Predictions, Assumptions, Sureness, Fears about Future

I promise I won’t tell this anyone.

Simple Future Tense Exercises

Using the simple future tense involves understanding how it is formed and recognizing common mistakes. Practice makes perfect, so let’s explore specific exercises and look at frequent errors learners make.

Exercises and Examples

1. Forming Sentences:

• Positive:  Subject + will + base verb (e.g., She will go).
• Negative:  Subject + will not (won’t) + base verb (e.g., They won’t come).
• Questions:  Will + subject + base verb? (e.g., Will he stay?)

2. Fill-in-the-Blanks:

• She _____ (will call) you later.
• They _____ (will visit) us next week.

3. Short Writing Prompts:

• Write 5 sentences about what you will do next weekend.
• Describe your plans using “will” in a short paragraph.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Misplacing “will”:

• Incorrect: She will visits the museum.
• Correct: She will visit the museum.

2. Using “going to” incorrectly:

• Incorrect: I will going to the store.
• Correct: I am going to the store.

3. Negatives and Questions:

• Incorrect Negative: They will not to play.
• Correct Negative: They will not play.
• Incorrect Question: Will to they help?
• Correct Question: Will they help?

4. Mixing Tenses:

• Incorrect: I will studied tomorrow.
• Correct: I will study tomorrow.

All Verb Tenses

Learn all (12) tenses in English with useful grammar rules, examples and ESL worksheets.

Verb Tenses Chart

• Present Simple Tense
• Present Continuous Tense
• Present Perfect Tense
• Present Perfect Continuous Tense
• Past Simple Tense
• Past Continuous Tense
• Past Perfect Tense
• Past Perfect Continuous Tense
• Simple Future Tense
• Future Continuous Tense
• Future Perfect Tense
• Future Perfect Continuous
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100+ Sentences of Simple Future Tense Examples

The simple future tense is the tense we use to talk about our future plans or goals. We will explore over 100 Simple Future Tense Examples through this article. These real-life simple future tense examples will not only make the tense easy to understand but also give you the confidence to use it effectively.

Content Guide

Simple Future Tense Examples

Section 1: affirmative simple future tense.

Don’t worry, it’s not as complex as it sounds. This tense helps us talk about things that will happen in the future. Let’s get started with some positive vibes!

Sentence Structure: Subject + will + base form of the verb

Affirmative Simple Future Tense Examples:

• I will visit my grandma tomorrow.
• Emma will finish her homework before dinner.
• They will watch a movie on Friday night.
• He will buy a new phone next month.
• We will have a picnic in the new park.
• The sun will rise early tomorrow.
• Maria will bake a cake for the party.
• The cat will chase the mouse.
• My parents will travel to Paris next year.
• The flowers will bloom in spring.
• She will call her friend later.
• They will visit the zoo next Saturday.
• He will cook dinner for his family.
• We will go shopping in the afternoon.
• The teacher will explain the lesson tomorrow.
• The bus will arrive at 9 AM.
• The sun will set in the evening.
• It will snow in the mountains.
• Maria will graduate next year.
• The concert will start at 8:30 PM.
• My mom will buy me a new dress for the party.
• They will clean the house before the guests arrive.
• He will learn to play the guitar next year.
• We will take a family vacation in the summer.
• The chef will prepare a special dish for the event.
• The flowers will bloom beautifully in the spring.
• It will rain later in the day.
• Ruby will write a letter to her pen pal.
• The team will practice hard for the championship.
• The sun will shine brightly during the picnic.

Section 2: Negative Simple Future Tense

Don’t let the negative future tense scare you! We’re just saying what won’t happen in the future. It’s like predicting things that won’t come true. Let’s explore some “no-no” futures!

Sentence Structure: Subject + will not (won’t) + base form of the verb

Negative Simple Future Tense Examples:

• I won’t forget to call you.
• She won’t attend the meeting.
• They won’t eat pizza for lunch.
• He won’t play video games all day.
• We won’t miss the bus.
• The rain won’t stop the party.
• Maria won’t buy that expensive dress.
• The dog won’t bark at strangers.
• My brother won’t be late for school.
• The movie won’t start until everyone arrives.
• I won’t forget to set my alarm clock.
• She won’t share her secret recipe.
• They won’t waste their time on unimportant things.
• He won’t lose his way in the new city.
• We won’t skip our morning exercise.
• The movie won’t start until everyone is seated.
• The cat won’t go near the water.
• The event won’t be canceled due to rain.
• My brother won’t miss his flight this time.
• The store won’t have the item in stock.
• I won’t forget to bring my umbrella.
• She won’t lend her favorite book.
• They won’t watch TV all night.
• He won’t miss his flight.
• We won’t have a test next week.
• The party won’t end early.
• The cat won’t eat that spicy food.
• The movie won’t be boring.
• My brother won’t visit his friend.
• The store won’t close before 8 PM.

Section 3: Asking Questions in Simple Future Tense

Curiosity alert! Now we’re going to ask questions about what might happen down the road. It’s like peeking into the crystal ball of the future. Get ready to unravel the mysteries!

Sentence Structure: Will + subject + base form of the verb

Questions in Simple Future Tense:

• Will you come to the party?
• Will she finish the book tonight?
• Will they travel during the holidays?
• Will he join the soccer team?
• Will we go to the beach this weekend?
• Will it rain tomorrow?
• Will Maria cook dinner for us?
• Will the birds sing in the morning?
• Will my friend pass the exam?
• Will the bus arrive on time?
• Will you attend the workshop?
• Will she meet her cousins at the park?
• Will they buy new shoes for the party?
• Will he paint a picture for the art show?
• Will we invite our neighbors for dinner?
• Will it be sunny tomorrow?
• Will Maria bring her camera to the beach?
• Will the train arrive on time?
• Will my friend pass the driving test?
• Will the museum open early?
• Will you join the art class?
• Will she travel to a foreign country?
• Will they organize a surprise party?
• Will he become a famous scientist?
• Will we volunteer at the charity event?
• Will it be windy tomorrow?
• Will Maria invite her friends to the concert?
• Will the bus be crowded during rush hour?
• Will my friend meet me at the park?
• Will the museum offer a guided tour?

Section 4: WH Questions in Simple Future Tense

WH-what? These are special questions that start with WH words like who, what, when, where, why, and how. They’re like detective questions for the future. Let’s put on our detective hats!

Sentence Structure: WH word + will + subject + base form of the verb

Simple Future Tense Examples with WH:

• What will you do this weekend?
• When will she finish her project?
• Where will they go for vacation?
• Why will he learn to play the guitar?
• How will we celebrate the victory?
• What time will Maria arrive at the party?
• When will the store open tomorrow?
• Where will the dog find its bone?
• Why will my parents buy a new car?
• How will they solve the puzzle?
• Who will you bring to the dance?
• What will she study in college?
• When will they start their new job?
• Where will he find inspiration for his writing?
• Why will we celebrate this special occasion?
• How will Maria learn to speak Spanish?
• Who will lead the team to victory?
• What time will the play end?
• When will my parents retire?
• Where will they spend their anniversary?
• Who will you invite to your birthday?
• What will she do after school?
• When will they finish their project?
• Where will he find a job?
• Why will we plant more trees?
• How will Maria decorate her room?
• Who will join the dance competition?
• What time will the play start?
• When will my parents return from their trip?
• Where will they spend their summer vacation?

Great job! You’ve learned 100+ simple future tense examples today. Now you can confidently talk about upcoming events, possibilities, and predictions. Keep practicing these examples to master the simple future tense.

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• English Grammar
• English Tenses
• Future Tense
• Simple Future Tense

Simple Future Tense - Explore the Meaning, Definition, Formula, Structure, Rules, Uses and Examples

Are you going to the Lakshadweep islands for the summer holidays? Don’t you want to share every little detail about what you would be doing for your vacation? Learn everything you need to know about the simple future tense – the meaning, definition, formula, structure, rules and uses along with examples to help you have a clear idea of the topic. Also, try working on the practice questions to further check your understanding of the same.

Table of Contents

Definition of the simple future tense, structure and formula of the simple future tense, rules and points to remember when using the simple future tense, what do you use the simple future tense for, forming the simple future tense – examples, test your understanding of the simple future tense, frequently asked questions on the simple future tense, the simple future tense – what is it.

The simple future tense is a tense that is used to represent an action that takes place in the future. One fact that you should keep in mind is that a simple future tense action starts and finishes in the future itself.

Check out the following definitions provided by various dictionaries to have a better idea of what the simple future tense is.

The simple future tense, according to the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, is defined as “the form of a verb that expresses what will happen after the present.” The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines the simple future tense as “a verb tense that is used to refer to the future.” “A tense of verbs used when the action or event described is to occur after the time of utterance”, is the definition of the simple future tense according to the Collins Dictionary. The Macmillan Dictionary defines the simple future tense as the tense that depicts actions or events “expected to exist or happen during the time following the present time.”

Let us look at the structure and formula of the simple future tense. First, take a look at the formula to find out how the simple future tense works.

The formula of the simple future tense is as follows:

Now, try analysing the structure of the simple future tense and how the sentence structure changes when used in the positive, negative, interrogative and negative interrogative format.

Another verb usage to represent the simple future tense is the ‘to be’ form of the verb along with ‘going to’. Take a look at the following table to understand how it works.

If you are planning to use the simple future tense, here are a few points that you have to keep in mind. The simple future tense form of the verb should always have two verbs – an auxiliary verb (will) and the base form of the verb. Interrogative sentences start with the helping verb ‘will’ followed by the subject and the base form of the main verb . A negative sentence can be identified by the usage of ‘not’ after the auxiliary verb ‘will’. Remember that the helping verb ‘will’ is what mainly indicates to the reader or listener that the tense used speaks about a future or event that is going to happen in the future.

Knowing all the situations in which the simple future tense can be used will allow you to use the tense effectively. Here is a glimpse of the various ways in which the simple future tense can be used.

• To represent events or actions that are about to take place in the near future.
• To make guesses or predictions about someone or something in the future.
• To state or express some factual statement about the future.
• To ask questions about something or someone doing something in the future.
• To think about future consequences, conditions or possibilities.
• To give orders or make commands as in imperative sentences.

Look at the following examples and try to comprehend how the simple future tense can be used for the various uses as stated above.

Representing events or actions that are about to happen in the near future

• Danny and Sid will go to the gym in the evening.
• Agnes will be here in an hour.

Making guesses or predictions about the future

• The weather forecast said that there will be hail storms tomorrow.
• I guess the red curtain will look good for the backdrop.

Expressing a factual statement about the future

• The house they are looking for will cost them a fortune.
• The country will see a change in the weather next month like it has never before.

Asking questions about the future

• Will you be able to complete it in time?
• Won’t she be ready to give the chief guest address on the annual day?

Thinking about future consequences, possibilities or conditions

• Larry told me that he will be able to come to the party only if his sister agrees to drop him off at the venue.
• If she does not take this seriously, she will get into a lot of trouble.

Giving orders or commands

• You will have to submit all your assignments by Monday.
• You will need to provide all the supporting documents if you want the loan to be sanctioned as soon as possible.

Fill in the blanks with the right form of the simple future tense in the following sentences:

1. Quinn __________ (sing) at the final auditions.

2. Madame Smith _________ (be) the judge for the cultural competitions.

3. _________ you __________ (finish – negative interrogative) writing the song before the event?

4. I don’t think he ____________ (enjoy) something like this.

5. Sandy had told me that it _____________ (rain – negative) today.

6. ________ Adharsh ____________ (visit) you or not?

7. Amal ____________ (arrive – negative) in time for the reception.

8. Santana _____________ (be) your partner for the dance.

9. Do you think it ____________ (matter) to them at all?

10. Abdul ____________ (give) you all the instructions regarding what should be done when you get here.

The answers to the above questions are given below. Find out if you got the answers right.

1. Quinn will sing at the final auditions.

2. Madame Smith will be the judge for the cultural competitions.

3. Won’t you finish writing the song before the event?

4. I don’t think he will enjoy something like this.

5. Sandy had told me that it will not rain today.

6. Will Adharsh visit you or not?

7. Amal will not arrive in time for the reception.

8. Santana will be your partner for the dance.

9. Do you think it will matter to them at all?

10. Abdul will give you all the instructions regarding what should be done when you get here.

What is the simple future tense?

The simple future tense is a tense that is used to represent an action that takes place in the future. In this tense, the action starts and finishes in the future itself.

What is the definition of the simple future tense?

What is the formula of the simple future tense.

The simple future tense can be easily understood and used with the help of the following formula: Subject + Helping verb (will) + base form of the verb + the rest of the sentence

Give some examples of the simple future tense.

Given below are a few examples to show you how to use the simple future tense.

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Simple Future Tense With Examples, Rules, Usage

The Simple Future Tense is a verb form used to describe an action or event that will happen after the present moment. It is one of the ways to express the future in English. The Simple Future Tense is formed using the auxiliary verb “will” (or “shall” in some cases) followed by the base form of the main verb.

• Positive: I will study for my exam.
• Negative: She will not (won’t) attend the party.
• Interrogative: Will they arrive on time?

Table of Contents

Usages of the Simple Future Tense

Predictions and Statements about the Future

• Predictions

These are statements that provide information about future events or situations without relying on empirical evidence or specific reasons.

• The weather forecast predicts rain tomorrow.
• The cake will be delicious.
• He will probably pass the exam.
• It will rain later today.
• She thinks he will like the gift.
• The bus will arrive soon.
• The team won’t win the championship this year.
• She doesn’t think it will snow in April.
• I doubt he will pass the exam without studying.
• According to the forecast, it won’t be sunny tomorrow.
• They believe the project won’t be completed on time.
• Will it rain tomorrow?
• Do you think she’ll win the game?
• Will he get the job?
• Do you believe the team will score a goal?
• Will the movie be interesting?

Statements about the Future

These are statements that declare forthcoming events, actions, or situations. They are based on reliable sources or announcements.

• I will visit my grandparents next weekend.
• The sun will shine brightly tomorrow.
• She is going to bake a cake for her friend’s birthday.
• We will have a picnic in the park on Saturday.
• He will get a gift for his little sister.
• I won’t be able to attend the party on Friday.
• The store won’t be open after 9 PM.
• She isn’t going to travel abroad this summer.
• They won’t have a class on Saturday.
• He won’t get his new bicycle until next month.
• Will you come to my birthday party next Saturday?
• Are they going to the zoo tomorrow?
• Will the movie start at 7 PM?
• Is she going to buy a new dress for the event?
• Will we have a test next week?

Spontaneous Decisions

Spontaneous decisions are choices made in the moment, without extensive planning or forethought, often based on immediate feelings or circumstances.

• I think I’ll have pizza for dinner tonight.
• She suddenly decided to join the dance class.
• He spontaneously chose to go for a walk in the park.
• We’ve decided to watch a movie this evening.
• They just decided to visit the beach this weekend.
• I won’t eat cake, I’m not hungry.
• She changed her mind and won’t play outside.
• He decided he won’t watch TV tonight.
• We won’t go to the park, it’s too hot.
• They won’t buy ice cream, they’re on a diet.
• Are you going to play outside now?
• Did she decide to read a book instead?
• Will he eat his vegetables today?
• Are we having pasta for dinner?
• Did they choose to watch a movie?

Offers, Promises, and Requests

Offers, promises, and requests are forms of communication where individuals express willingness to help, commit to a certain action, or ask for assistance or a favor, respectively.

•  I can help you with your homework. (Offer)
•  I promise to be there for your graduation ceremony. (Promise)
•  Would you like some assistance carrying those bags? (Offer)
• I assure you, I will finish the project on time. (Promise)
• Could you please pass me the salt? (Request)
• I can’t help with that, I’m not feeling well. (Offer)
• I’m sorry, I can’t give you a ride, my car isn’t working. (Offer)
• She can’t lend you her book, she’s using it. (Offer)
• I won’t forget to return your pen tomorrow. (Promise)
• She can’t promise to attend the party, she might be busy. (Promise)
• They won’t guarantee delivery by Friday. (Promise)
• Could you please not make noise while I’m on the phone? (Request)
• Would you mind not touching my computer without asking? (Request)
• Can I help you with anything? (Offer)
• Would you like some tea or coffee? (Offer)
• Will you promise to return the book when you’re done? (Promise)
• Can you assure me that you’ll be there on time? (Promise)
• Could you please turn down the volume on the TV? (Request)
• Would you mind not leaving the lights on when you leave? (Request)

Scheduled Events

Scheduled events are planned activities set to happen at specific times and dates in the future. They are organized in advance and follow a predetermined timetable. Examples include meetings, appointments, classes, concerts, and flights.

•  The movie starts at 3 PM on Sunday.
•  We have a family picnic next Saturday.
•  The class ends at noon.
•  Her birthday party is on Friday evening.
• The concert is tomorrow night.
• The meeting is not happening today.
•  The play got canceled due to bad weather.
•  Unfortunately, the event won’t take place.
• The lecture has been postponed to next week.
•  The flight got delayed until further notice.
• What time does the game start on Sunday?
•  Is the party still on for this weekend?
•  Will the workshop be rescheduled for a later date?
•  Are we meeting at the usual location for the hike?
• Can you confirm if the flight is delayed?

Facts or Certainties about the Future

Facts or certainties about the future refer to events or situations that are known or expected to happen with a high degree of confidence.

• The sun will rise tomorrow morning.
• The company will release their new product next month.
• She will graduate in June.
• The train will depart at exactly 3 PM.
• They will arrive at the airport an hour before the flight.
• The concert won’t happen if it keeps raining.
• Unfortunately, the lecture has been canceled.
• The event was called off due to unforeseen circumstances.
• The class won’t take place if the instructor is absent.
• Will the meeting start at 2 PM as scheduled?
• Are we sure the package will arrive by Friday?
• Can we expect clear skies for the event?
• Is it certain that the train will arrive on time?
• Will the store be open on New Year’s Day?

Simple Future Tense Chart

Time Expressions

Time expressions are words or phrases that tell us when an action happens. They provide information about the timing or duration of events. Examples include yesterday, next week, and at 3 PM. They help establish a timeline in communication.

• She will call you tomorrow .
• They are leaving in an hour .
• I have an appointment at 3 PM .
• We’ll meet next week .
• He’ll arrive soon .

Be Going To vs. Simple Future

Be Going To :

Used for intentions, plans, and predictions based on current evidence.

•  She is going to start a new job next month.
• She’s going to read a book tonight.
• They’re going to play in the park after lunch.
• He’s going to eat pizza for dinner.
• We’re going to visit Grandma tomorrow.
• I’m going to watch a movie this weekend.

Simple Future :

•  I will call you later.
• She will complete her assignment before the deadline.
• They are going to visit the museum this Saturday.
• He will probably win the race; he’s been training hard.
• We are planning to have a picnic in the park next Sunday.
• The weather forecast suggests it will rain later today.

Forming the Simple Future Tense

Affirmative sentences.

Affirmative sentences are statements that express a fact, confirmation, or agreement. They convey a positive or true assertion.

• They will attend the concert on Saturday.
• He will play the guitar at the event.
• We will have lunch together tomorrow.
• She will help her friend with the project.
• They will take a vacation in the summer.
• He will learn to swim this year.
• We will meet at the coffee shop in the evening.
• She will visit the museum next week.
• They will celebrate their anniversary in style.
• He will fix the broken window.
• We will adopt a puppy from the shelter.
• She will bake cookies for the bake sale.
• They will organize a charity event.
• He will join a fitness class.
• We will explore a new hiking trail.
• She will volunteer at the local community center.
• They will learn a new language.
• He will start a blog about his travels.
• We will have a family picnic in the park.

The sentences given above are broken down according to their grammatical structure.

Negative Sentences

Negative sentences in the Simple Future Tense are formed by adding will not (or the contraction won’t) before the base form of the verb. This indicates that an action will not happen in the future.

Subject + will/shall + not + verb (1st form) + object.

• I will not eat candy before dinner.
• She will not watch TV all day.
• They will not visit the zoo next weekend.
• He will not forget his friend’s birthday.
• We will not play video games after school.
• She will not go to the party on Friday night.
• They will not travel to Europe this summer.
• He will not buy a new phone this month.
• We will not have pizza for dinner tonight.
• She will not visit her grandparents next month.
• They will not attend the concert next week.
• He will not pass the test without studying.
• We will not forget to water the plants.
• She will not play soccer in the rain.
• They will not go swimming in the cold water.
• He will not eat vegetables for dinner.
• We will not go for a walk in the dark.
• She will not stay up late on a school night.
• They will not have a picnic in the rain.
• He will not get a puppy for his birthday.

Interrogative Sentences

Interrogative sentences in the simple future tense are sentences that ask questions about future actions or events. They typically start with an auxiliary verb (will or shall) followed by the subject, and then the base form of the main verb.

Shall/Will + subject + verb (1st form) + object?

• Will you attend the meeting tomorrow?
• Shall we go for a walk this evening?
• Will they arrive on time for the party?
• Shall I bring some snacks for the trip?
• Will he call you later?
• Will you join us for the movie?
• Shall we have a picnic in the park?
• Will they attend the conference next month?
• Shall I book the tickets for the concert?
• Will he start his new job next week?
• Shall we visit the zoo on Saturday?
• Will she try the new restaurant in town?
• Shall I bring some snacks for the road trip?
• Will they go hiking in the mountains?
• Will you participate in the charity event?
• Shall we organize a family game night?
• Will he take a vacation this summer?
• Shall we watch a movie at home?
• Will she learn to play a musical instrument?
• Will they celebrate their anniversary in style?

Simple Future Tense Example Sentences

Positive sentences.

• I shall read this book.
• He will go to Lahore tomorrow.
• I shall stand by you.
• It will be Eid tomorrow.
• She will learn her lesson.
• You will pass her examination.
• She  will play .
• Martin  will paint .
• He will go.
• The mail will pluck the flowers.
• You will sing a song.
• She will cook a delicious meal for dinner.
• They will go for a walk in the park.
• He will start a new job in September.
• We will have a party for his birthday.
• She will read a book in the afternoon.
• They will watch a movie on Friday night.
• He will buy a new car next month.
• We will clean the house on Saturday morning.
• She will plant flowers in her garden.
• I will play Hockey.
• He will take tea.
• We shall visit the zoo.
• The sun will rise in the east.
• It will not rain.
• He will not come here.
• You will not oppose me.
• We shall not waste our time.
• They will not for us.
• We will not watch a scary movie before bed.
• You will not fly the kite.
• The teacher will not punish us.
• She will not bake cookies without flour.
• They will not go to the beach in the winter.
• He will not forget to set his alarm.
• We will not have ice cream for breakfast.
• She will not wear shorts in the snow.
• They will not go on a hike in the dark.
• He will not run in flip-flops.
• We will not forget to bring snacks.
• She will not forget to do her homework.
• They will not miss the bus tomorrow morning.
• He will not forget to bring his umbrella in case it rains.
• Will she make tea?
• Shall we play a match?
• Will you vote for me?
• When will you return my book?
• How will you pass a base coin?
• Shall we plan a beach day this weekend?
• Will he attend the workshop on Tuesday?
• Will you be available for a meeting tomorrow?
• Shall I call you when I arrive?
• Will it snow in December?
• Shall we go for a walk in the evening?
• Will they volunteer at the local shelter?
• Shall I pick up some groceries on the way?
• Will she join a dance class this year?
• Will they adopt a pet from the shelter?
• Shall we have a family dinner on Sunday?
• Will he start a new project at work?
• Shall I bring my camera for the trip?
• Will you try the new dessert at the cafe?
• Shall we explore a new hiking trail?
• Will you wait for me?
• Will you keep fasts?
• Will the watchman watch?
• What will you do after the school life?
• I will study for my exam.
• She (will visit, visits) her friend tomorrow.
• They (will go, goes) to the park on Sunday.
• He thinks he (will finish, finishes) the work by evening.
• By this time next year, we (will have traveled, travels) to five different countries.
• I (will call, calls) you when I reach home.
• They (will not attend, does not attend) the meeting if it gets too late.
• We (will start, starts) our vacation in July.
• She (will bake, bake) a cake for the party.
• I’m sure they (will win, wins) the competition.
• If you practice regularly, you (will improve, improve) your skills.
• The train (will leave, leaves) at 8:00 AM.
• She (will buy, buys) a new car next month.
• We (will meet, meets) our friends at the café later.
• He (will not forget, does not forget) your birthday this year.
• They believe they (will succeed, succeeds) in their new venture.
• The sun (will set, sets) at 7:30 PM.
• I (will send, sends) you an email with the details.
• We (will have, has) a great time at the party.
• She (will study, studies) hard for the exam.
• If it rains, we (will stay, stays) indoors.
• will finish
• will have traveled
• will not attend
• will improve
• will not forget
• will succeed
• In modern English, “will” is generally used for all subjects. “Shall” is less common and is sometimes used in formal or literary contexts.
• Yes, the simple future tense can be used to make predictions or express future certainty based on present evidence or knowledge.
• Yes, time expressions like “tomorrow,” “next week,” “in a month,” and so on, are often used with the simple future tense to specify when an action will occur.
• No, adverbs of frequency (e.g., always, usually, sometimes) are typically used with present tenses to describe how often an action occurs.
• Yes, the simple future tense can be used to express plans, intentions, or decisions that have been made regarding future actions.

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Tenses chart with examples, rules, usage, future tenses with examples, rules, usage, past tenses with examples, rules, usage.

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• Grammar 100
• Worksheets 72
• Vocabulary 46
• Synonyms 36
• Sentences 25

How do we make the Future Simple tense?

The structure of the Future Simple tense is:

For negative sentences in the Future Simple tense, we insert  not  between the auxiliary verb and main verb. For question sentences, we exchange the  subject  and  auxiliary verb . Look at these example sentences with the Future Simple tense:

Contraction with Future Simple

When we use the Future Simple tense in speaking, we often contract the subject and auxiliary verb:

In negative sentences, we contract with won't , like this:

How do we use the Future Simple tense?

We use the Future Simple tense when there is no plan or decision to do something before we speak. We make the decision spontaneously at the time of speaking. Look at these examples:

• Hold on. I 'll get a pen.
• We will see what we can do to help you.
• Maybe we 'll stay in and watch television tonight.

In these examples, we had no firm plan before speaking. The decision is made at the time of speaking .

We often use the Future Simple tense with the verb to think before it:

• I think I'll go to the gym tomorrow.
• I think I will have a holiday next year.
• I don't think I'll buy that car.

We often use the Future Simple tense to make a prediction about the future. Again, there is no firm plan. We are saying what we think will happen . Here are some examples:

• It will rain tomorrow.
• People won't go to Jupiter before the 22nd century.
• Who do you think will get the job?

When the main verb is be , we can use the Future Simple tense even if we have a firm plan or decision before speaking. Examples:

• I 'll be in London tomorrow.
• I'm going shopping. I won't be very long.
• Will you be at work tomorrow?

Back to 12 English Tenses

Verb Tenses — Uses and Examples

What is verb tense.

Verb tense identifies when the action of a sentence takes place – the past, present, or future. The action in a sentence (also known as the time frame) has either happened, is happening, or will happen.

Each verb tense has its own set of grammar rules.

English verb tense forms also identify their aspect, which refers to the state of the action.

These types of verb aspects include simple, perfect, progressive (sometimes called continuous tenses), and perfect progressive.

Aspects provide information that indicates a specific time in the past, present, or future that the action occurred.

A past tense verb indicates that the identified action already occurred. When the action took place in the past depends upon the following:

Simple past tense: Details an action that has already happened

John entered himself into the limbo contest.

Past perfect tense: Specifies an action completed before a specific point in the past

Stan was excited that John had entered the limbo contest.

Past progressive tense: Indicates a continuing action that was happening in the past

Shauna was making the limbo stick for the contest.

Past perfect progressive tense: Conveys that an ongoing past event has been completed

Lisa had been looking forward to the limbo contest.

Present tense

Present tense verbs indicate that the action is currently happening or ongoing.

Simple present tense: Indicates the present condition or an action taking place right now or regularly/continuously

Kelly practices soccer every day after school.

Present perfect tense: Refers to an action that began in the past and finishes or continues in the present

Kelly has practiced soccer all year.

Present progressive tense: Identifies a present action that is in progress or repeating

Tyler is waiting for Kelly to finish practice.

Present perfect progressive tense: Indicates something started in the past and is continuing into the present

Kelly has been playing soccer since she was 5 years old.

Future tense

A future tense verb indicates an action is going to or will continue to happen.

Simple future tense: Details an action that has yet to happen

Jessica will play the piano at next week's recital.

Future perfect tense: Indicates an action that is expected to be completed in the future

By next week, Tim will have attended two of Jessica's recitals.

Future progressive tense: Identifies something that will happen in the future and continue for a length of time

Erin will be attending the rest of Jessica's recitals.

Future perfect progressive tense: Refers to an action that will continue until a certain point

By the end of the year, Jessica will have been playing the piano for 10 years.

English grammar and verb tenses

The following charts detail the structure necessary to form each verb tense:

Verb tense examples

The following sentences incorporate the use of the past, present, and future tenses:

Simple Past

Tina walked into the house.

The team picked Wendy as their captain.

Mike and Grace graduated last summer.

Past Perfect

Ophelia had left the supermarket before the blizzard hit.

The family had stopped by the park late last week.

After I had finished my work, I helped Tony with his.

Past Progressive

Rita was leaving the house when she heard the phone ring.

Antonio and Mario were driving when a deer raced in front of the car.

James was trying to fall asleep , but thunder kept him awake.

Past Perfect Progressive

Ken had been practicing for weeks to prepare for tryouts.

Erica had been waiting all year to visit the beach.

The family had been saving for a vacation in Hawaii.

Simple Present

His dad works for the government.

Ian enjoys watching baseball under the lights.

We see the Smith family every summer.

Present Perfect

Ophelia has wanted to be a doctor since she was young.

They have lived in San Francisco their entire lives.

Kevin has published two books in the last five years.

Present Progressive

I am thinking of moving to New York.

Wendy is leaving for Ireland in the morning.

Habitat for Humanity is building three new houses in town.

Present Perfect Progressive

We have been waiting in line for over two hours.

Trent has been working here for three years.

Stacey has been staying late so she could finish the project.

Simple Future

Sally will leave after the fireworks.

Lucas and Brayden will visit the zoo tomorrow.

Lena and Matthew will arrive before dinner.

Future Perfect

After next month, we will have finished restoring the kitchen.

By the end of the week, we will have completed five interviews.

Ryan will have fixed the car by the time we need it.

Future Progressive

The group will be performing at venues along the east coast.

Soon enough all cars will be driving themselves.

At next week's meeting, we will be asking for more help.

Future Perfect Progressive

We will have been flying for 12 hours by the time we land in London.

Troy will have been working here for 15 years come next October.

This June, Liza and Paul will have been married for 10 years.

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Past, Present, and Future Tense in Essays: How to Switch

Past, Present, and the Future Tenses in Your Essay

Choosing the correct grammatical tense for your essay can be a challenge. You have to decide whether to use past, present, or future tense. A wrong choice impacts your essay negatively. It will lack clarity and flow. This is not a situation that you ought to find yourself in.

Most students struggle with choosing the right tense. For some, it is due to the lack of guidance on using grammatical tenses. Others are careless with their writing. The result is a poorly written essay that a reader cannot understand. However, it is a problem that you can deal with once and for all.

Reading the instructions will enlighten you on which tense to use in writing your essay. Your tutor can also guide you on how to use grammatical tenses. You get the guidelines of when to use a particular tense. The help prevents you from choosing the wrong tense.

The type of your essay also reveals which tenses you ought to use. All essays are not the same. They have some distinct rules that create a significant difference. You must be aware of those rules and follow them to the latter. For instance, using the right tense is something you must take seriously. 

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Should an Essay be in Present, Past, or Future Tense?

Many students might find it challenging to choose the right tense. Some are yet to learn by heart the rules governing the use of tenses. They end up making the wrong choice.

Ultimately, the impact of their essay score is negative. Fortunately, it is a problem you can work on. 

Every essay needs to be clear and engaging, where the reader needs an easier time reading it. But, that is not the case with all students. Some find themselves using the wrong tenses.

Instead of using the present tense, they write essays in the past tense. But perhaps they do not know when to use a present, past, or future tense.

You can use present, past, and future tense in your essay. But there is a catch. Before you write your essay, you must know which tense fits it. You can either get guidance from your tutor or do your research. Above all, ensure the tense you use is consistent and clear.

Most essay writers use the present tense. It is simple and direct to the point. You can write short sentences that are easier to read and understand. The reader will use little time to read your essay. It will not be tiring to read it since the message is clear.

The present tense is common in academic writing. It allows you to write about current states of events more candidly. By using the present tense, you can easily describe theories. It will be easier to explain an event that is happening now. Generally, the present tense is ideal for writing essays.

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Instances to Use Present Tense in an Essay

You do not have to write every essay in the present tense. There are instances under which it becomes a must. At that juncture, you have to play ball.

You must shun the past and future tenses to make your essay consistent. Deviating from the present tense might distort your sentence structure thereby complicating your essay.

The present tense is ideal for creating a sense of immediacy. The reader gets to experience every action as it unfolds. It is easier to grasp the information the writer is passing across. The clarity in the essay engages the reader .

This is one of the reasons why writing in the present tense is common.

Writing an essay in the present tense is much easier. You can write your essay within the shortest time possible, and meeting deadlines will not be an issue. Your essay will be simple and clear to the point, without any sophistication.

Use present tense in an essay where you refer to existing facts. The present tense shows that the fact is indeed true. It becomes easier for the reader to believe in what you are writing. Also, it describes the findings of a study in the present tense. That is also the case when expressing people’s claims and opinions .

Instances to Use Past Tense in an Essay

You must be careful with the tense you use in your essay. Each tense does come with its demands. For instance, past tense is ideal for emphasizing that people do not accept a particular idea. Use past tense to describe that idea for easier understanding.

If your essay describes historical events, you have to use past tense. It makes the description clearer to the reader. This is a clear indication that they can get a picture of the turn of events. This is very crucial for the flow of your essay.

Reading it becomes engaging and enjoyable without any sense of struggling to understand ideas.

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Instances to Use Future Tense in an Essay

Not often do students use the future tense in essays. They either use present and past tenses, the former being the most common.

But some instances permit the use of future tense. It does play a significant role.

Use future tense to describe your essay’s research predictions, methods, and aims. It becomes easier to demystify what the researcher is up to.

Besides, if you recommend research sources or state the application of study findings, then use future tense. You can easily describe something that is yet to happen or likely to occur in the future.

Can You Combine All Tenses in Essay Writing?

You can also use all tenses in your essay. However, you need to take this step with a lot of caution. Remember, the reader needs to get your message. You have to do that with some pomp to make your essay an enticing read .

Combining all tenses will certainly do that job for you.

Describe the cause and impact of interlocking events in an essay by combining all tenses. Your target audience can now get the hang of the events from a much broader perceptive. However, you have to respect time settings.

It is crucial to avoid any confusion that might distort your message. Ensure you get rid of any sophistication bound to disturb the flow of thoughts in your write-up.

Combining all tenses can be a win or a loss for you. It depends on the context of your essay. Besides, you need to mind your reader.

Your essay should be on a standard that is easier to comprehend. Thus, proceed with caution. 

Make your point in a manner that captures the reader’s attention. Using all tenses can help you achieve that feat. However, the tenses should not appear haphazardly. If you are not careful, you might make it hard for your reader to understand your insinuating description.

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Choosing the right tense for your essay is fundamental. It ensures that you can engage your reader in a comprehensive context easily. It starts by knowing when to use present, past, and future tense or combine them.

If your essay is about current events, it must be in the present tense. The reader gets to know what is happening at the very moment.

Use past tense to write an essay on past events. Describing those events will be much easier. You will do it with clarity hence not causing any confusion. On the other side, the future tense suits the description of events yet to occur.

You can also use the future tense to predict events that are about to happen. And if you want to polish your essay, care to combine all tenses, but do it with caution.

Watch this video to learn more about this.

When not handling complex essays and academic writing tasks, Josh is busy advising students on how to pass assignments. In spare time, he loves playing football or walking with his dog around the park.

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