travelling microscope experiment class 12 physics

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CBSE Class 12 Lab Manual for Chapter 9 3 To Determine Refractive Index of a Glass Slab Using a Travelling Microscope PDF Download

CBSE Class 12 Lab Manual Chapter 9 3 To Determine Refractive Index of a Glass Slab Using a Travelling Microscope Download here in pdf format. These Lab Manual may be freely downloadable and used as a reference book. Learning does not mean only gaining knowledge about facts and principles rather it is a path which is informed by scientific truths, verified experimentally. Keeping these facts in mind, CBSE Class 12 Lab Manual for Chapter 9 3 To Determine Refractive Index of a Glass Slab Using a Travelling Microscope have been planned, evaluated under subject Improvement Activities. Check our CBSE Class 12 Lab Manual for Chapter 9 3 To Determine Refractive Index of a Glass Slab Using a Travelling Microscope. We are grateful to the teachers for their constant support provided in the preparation of this CBSE Class 12 Lab Manual.

CBSE Class 12 Lab Manual for Chapter 9 3 To Determine Refractive Index of a Glass Slab Using a Travelling Microscope

The laboratory is important for making the study complete, especially for a subject like Science and Maths. CBSE has included the practicals in secondary class intending to make students familiarised with the basic tools and techniques used in the labs. With the help of this, they can successfully perform the experiments listed in the CBSE Class 12 Lab Manual.

CBSE Class 12 Lab Manual for Chapter 9 3 To Determine Refractive Index of a Glass Slab Using a Travelling Microscope Features:

• Basic Concept of Experiments
• Before performing the experiments the basic concept section of every experiment helps the students in know the aim of the experiment and to achieve the result with the minimum mistake
• Lab Experiments with Interactive session and NCERT Lab Manual Questions 
• Completely solved CBSE Class 12 Lab Manual Questions are provided.
• Practical Based Questions
• PBQs based on every experiment with their answers, covering Previous Years’ Questions, are provided experiments for complete coverage of concepts Web support

By performing the experiments, students will know the concept in a better way as they can now view the changes happening in front of their eyes. Their basics will become solid as they will learn by doing things. By doing this activity they will also get generated their interest in the subject. Students will develop questioning skills and start studying from a scientific perspective. Here we have given all the necessary details that a Chapter 9 3 To Determine Refractive Index of a Glass Slab Using a Travelling Microscope student should know about CBSE Class 12 Lab Manual. From CBSE Science practical to Lab manual, project work, important questions and CBSE lab kit manual, all the information is given in the elaborated form further in this page for Chapter 9 3 To Determine Refractive Index of a Glass Slab Using a Travelling Microscope students.

Benefit of the CBSE Class 12 Lab Manual for Chapter 9 3 To Determine Refractive Index of a Glass Slab Using a Travelling Microscope:

• Basic concepts of every experiment have been covered for better understanding. The matter is presented in the simple and lucid language under main-headings and sub-headings.
• Detailed observation tables and graphical design of experiments are provided wherever it is necessary.
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• Two Practice question Papers have also been included based on the latest guidelines issued by the CBSE.

The CBSE is a prestigious educational board in India that conducts the final examinations for the Chapter 9 3 To Determine Refractive Index of a Glass Slab Using a Travelling Microscope. The syllabus for the practical exam is designed by CBSE according to the CCE guidelines.

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To determine refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope

December 2, 2016 by Sastry CBSE

Aim To determine refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.

Apparatus Three “glass slabs of different thickness but same material, a travelling microscope, lycopodium powder. A slab is a piece of transparent material with rectangular faces. All faces are transparent and opposite faces are parallel. The dimension along with the light travels inside the slab is called its thickness. A Short Description of a Travelling Microscope It is a compound microscope fitted vertically on a vertical scale. It can be moved up and down, carrying a Vernier scale moving along the main scale. In any position, the reading is taken by combining main scale and vernier scale reading.

Procedure Adjustment of travelling microscope

• Place the travelling microscope (M) on the table near a window so that sufficient light falls on it.
• Adjust the levelling screws so that the base of the microscope becomes horizontal.
• Make microscope horizontal. Adjust the position of the eye piece so that the cross wires are clearly visible.
• Determine the vernier constant of the vertical scale of the microscope. Other steps
• Make a black-ink cross-mark on the base of the microscope. The mark will serve as point P. ,
• Make the microscope vertical and focus it on the cross at P, so that there is no parallax between the cross-wires and the image of the mark P.
• Note the main scale and the vernier scale readings (R 1 ) on the vertical scale.
• Place the glass slab of least thickness over the mark P.
• Raise the microscope upwards and focus it on the image P 1 of the cross-mark.
• Note the reading (R 2 ) on the vertical scale as before (Step 7).
• Sprinkle a few particles of lycopodium powder on the surface of the slab.
• Raise the microscope further upward and focus it on the particle near S.
• Note the reading (R 3 ) on the vertical scale again (Step 7).
• Repeat above steps with other glass slab of more thicknesses.
• Record observations in tabular form as given below.

Precautions

• In microscope, the parallax should be properly removed.
• The microscope should be moved in upper direction only to avoid back lash error.

Sources of error The microscope scale may not be properly calibrated.

Question. 1. Define a slab. Answer. Read Art. 9.07.

Question. 2. Define thickness of a slab. Answer. Read Art. 9.07.

Question. 3. Define lateral displacement. Answer. Read Art. 9.09.

Question. 4. Why a slab does not deviate and disperse light, where as a prism does? Answer. In a slab, the refracting faces are parallel. The emergent ray is parallel to the incident ray. There is no deviation and dispersion. In a prism, the refracting faces are not parallel. The emergent ray is not parallel to incident ray. There is a deviation and hence dispersion.

Question. 5. Why lycopodium power is spread over the glass surface? Answer. To focus the microscope accurately, otherwise the bottom surface will be focussed because of transparency of glass slab.

Question. 6. What is normal shift? Answer. It is the difference between actual depth and apparent depth. Its S.I. unit is metre.

Question. 7. What is cause of normal shift? Answer. Due to refraction of light.

Question. 8. On what factors, apparent depth depends? Answer.

• nature of medium (R.I.)
• thickness of medium (actual depth)
• colour of light.

Question. 9. In general for which colour we take the refractive index of a material in lens and glass slabs. Answer. Yellow colour. Since it is the mean colour of visible spectrum.

Question. 10. What may be refractive index for hollow glass slab? Answer. n = 1.

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Determine the Refractive Index of a Glass Slab Using a Travelling Microscope

Namrata Das

Exams Prep Master

Refractive index is a value obtained by measuring the deviation of light when it passes from one medium to another. It determines the speed of light among different mediums. A traveling microscope is an ordinary microscope that is fixed on a stand. It can move in vertical and horizontal directions. Here we are going to discuss more the way to determine the refractive index of a glass slab using a traveling microscope.

Keywords: Refractive index, Glass slab, Traveling microscope, Microscope, Light, Numerator, Denominator, Velocity, Vaccum

What is the Refractive Index?

[Click Here for Sample Questions]

Refractive index is the measure of the deviation of a light ray when it pauses between the two mediums. It is a dimensionless number that is used to decide the speed of light. The refractive index is the ratio of the velocity of the lights. The medium that is decided to calculate the refractive index is called the numerator. The medium for which it is defined as the denominator.

The formula for the refractive index:

Where, 

n = refractive index

c = speed of light

V = velocity of light

There are two types of refractive Index: 

Absolute Refractive Index : The Absolute Refractive Index can be defined as the ratio of the velocity of light in a vacuum & the velocity of light in the medium. 

Relative Refractive Index : The relative refractive index can be defined as the ratio of light between the mediums.

What is a Glass Slab?

Glass slab is a three-dimensional substance that is made entirely of a glass material. The glass slab has a cuboidal shape. It is used to produce a lateral or displacement into the direction of light.

What is a Traveling Microscope?

Travelling microscope is an instrument that is used for measuring the length with the resolution typically in the order of 0.01mm. It can be moved vertically and horizontally according to the needs of the observer. It is a compound, fitted on the vertical scale and can be easily travelled from horizontal to vertical scale. The travelling microscope carries a Vernier scale along with the main scale. It is widely used in laboratories to measure the refractive index of all the flat specimens.

Also check:  Simple Microscope

Experiment 

The experimental procedure to measure the refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope is given below.

Determination of the refractive index of a glass slab.

Materials Required

• 3 Glass Slabs, the material should be identical & each of them varies in thickness.
• A Travelling Microscope 
• Lycopodium powder microscope

Theory 

The experiment is based on the fact that if a glass slab is placed on a horizontal surface then, when the bottom surface of the glass is viewed from the top, due to its refraction, it appears to be elevated. We can determine the apparent thickness of the slab by calculating the distance between the apparent bottom & the top. 

It can be calculated as below: 

n= real thickness of the slab/apparent thickness of the slab. 

Procedure 

We need to ensure the accuracy in the refractive index and for this, we need to know about the traveling microscope readings. The process can be understood by the following steps: 

• First, we need to place a traveling scope. Make sure that it is placed near a light source.
• Now, we need to assure that the base of the traveling microscope is horizontal. For this, we need to adjust the screws.
• Now, position the traveling microscope horizontally and then check the eyepiece that if the cross wires are visible or not.
• Now, we need to check the verifier constant of the scale, during its vertical position.
• Now mark at the base of the microscope using a marker and creating a point P.
• Now you need to focus the vertically moved traveling microscope on point, P. Make sure that there is no parallax between point P and the cross wires.
• Note the reading, the Vernier scale readings, and the main scale readings and then consider it as R 1 .
• Now, choose the thinnest glass slab and place it on point P.
• Now focus on point P 1 of the cross-mark and then lift the microscope.
• Now make a note on the vertical scale R 2 of times reading. 
• Get some lycopodium powder and sprinkle it over the glass slab.
• Again lift the microscope and focus it on the particle near S.
• Make a note on the vertical scale of R 3 .
• The process is completed now. 
• Take these steps into consideration to take the readings of other glass slabs.

Calculation of the refractive index = R 3 -R 1 / R 3 -R 2

Refractive index of Mean= n 1 +n 2 +n 3 /3

Finally, we have successfully determined the refractive index of a glass slab using a traveling microscope because The ratio R 3 -R 1 / R 3 -R 2 is constant. 

Precautions 

• Make sure that you remove the parallax properly because it is one of the most important parts of the experiment.
• The travelling microscope should be moved in the upward direction to avoid backlash errors.

Source of Error 

• Make sure that you use a thicker layer of lycopodium powder on the glass slab.
• The scale that is going to be used in the microscope should not be calibrated in a proper 

Things to Remember

• The refractive index is the ratio between light and its speed in a medium.
• The frequency of the light wave remains unchanged in all the mediums.
• Make sure to sprinkle a thicker layer of lycopodium powder while experiencing.
• Make sure that you have removed the parallax from the microscope.
• The scale which you are using should not be calibrated. 

Sample Questions

Ques: Define Apparent Shift. (3 marks)

Ans:  the perpendicular distance between the emergent ray and the incident with the reference to the refraction of light through a glass slab is called the apparent shift. The parallax is called the apparent shift of the position of an object that is relative to more distant background objects caused by a change in position. In simple words, when an object is placed in a medium & viewed from a different medium then the image seen by the observer lies at some different points.

Ques: Find out the refractive index of the following. (2 marks) If the speed of the light in the air is 2×9 8 m/s The speed of the light in glass is 1×9 8 m/s If the speed of light in the air is 4×10 6 m/s The speed of light in the air is 3×10 6 m/s

• If given, the speed of light in air= 2×9 8

The speeds of light in the glass= 1×9 8

The refractive index of glass= the speed of light in air/the speed of light in the lass

RI= 2×9 8 /1×9 8 RI=2

Thus, the refractive index of the glass is 2.

• If given, the speed of light in the air= 4×10 6

The speed of light in the glass= 3×10 6

The refractive index of the glass= the speed of light in air/the speed of light in the glass

RI= 4×10 6 /3×10 6

Ques: Define the refractive index of a material. (2 marks)

Ans: The refractive index is the value that is calculated with the ratio of light in a vacuum in two mediums. Another name for the refractive index is the index of refraction. It is defined as the treasure of the deviation of a light ray. When a light ray passes from one medium to another one is the measurement of the deviation in both of those is the refractive index of a material. When you measure the angle of the material then you will get its refractive index.

Ques: what are the factors that affect the value of the refractive index? (3 marks)

Ans: Some factors affect the value of the refractive index.

These are as follows;

• Temperature- The temperature is the first factor that affects the refractive index. The value of the refractive index is less when the temperature is high & vice versa.
• The wavelength – the wavelength of the light is the second thing that affects the refractive. Index because the refractive index is directly proportional to the wavelength of the light.
• Optical density- optical density is the third thing that affects the refractive index. The ability of a medium to refract light is the optical density of a medium.

Ques: Create a table of the refractive index of materials. (5 marks)

Ans: The table is given below:

Ques: what is the difference between real and apparent depth? Explain it using a diagram. (2 marks)

Ans: The real depth is the actual depth of an object beneath the surface. On the other side, the apparent depth of an object is the depth that is visible to the human eye, due to the refraction of light.

Ques: If a fish is at the bottom of a pond appears to be 2.1 m from the surface of the water. Find out the depth of the pond? (2 marks)

Ans: As we know that the refractive index of the water is 1.33

Then, 

The formula of the refractive index:

n= real depth/apparent depth

1.33= real depth/2.1

1.33×2.1m

Thus, the depth of the pond is 2.793m.

Ques: Why do Diamonds sparkle when the white light is directed at them? (4 marks)

Ans: When white light is directed at the diamonds they start sparkling because when the. White light enters, the light is split into the colors of the spectrum. The diamonds have a higher refractive index. The refractive index of diamond is 2.417. Due to its higher refractive index, when the light enters, it separates the colors more than any other substance does. When a light way is directed in a diamond it might internally reflect many times before emerging. And as the result, the colors spread more and more. This is the reason that diamonds sparkle when the white light is directed at them.

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CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1. check that the ratio  \(\frac{ke^2}{ gm_e m_p}\)  is dimensionless. look up a table of physical constants and determine the value of this ratio. what does the ratio signify, 2. a spherical conductor of radius 12 cm has a charge of 1.6 × 10 –7 c distributed uniformly on its surface. what is the electric field inside the sphere just outside the sphere at a point 18 cm from the centre of the sphere, 3. a closely wound solenoid of  \(2000 \)  turns and area of cross-section  \(1.6 × 10^{-4}\  m^2\) , carrying a current of  \(4.0 \ a\) , is suspended through its centre allowing it to turn in a horizontal plane.  (a) what is the magnetic moment associated with the solenoid (b) what is the force and torque on the solenoid if a uniform horizontal magnetic field of  \(7.5 × 10^{-2}\  t\)  is set up at an angle of  \(30º\)  with the axis of the solenoid, 4. (a) a circular coil of 30 turns and radius 8.0 cm carrying a current of 6.0 a is suspended vertically in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of magnitude 1.0 t. the field lines make an angle of 60° with the normal of the coil. calculate the magnitude of the counter torque that must be applied to prevent the coil from turning.  (b) would your answer change, if the circular coil in (a) were replaced by a planar coil of some irregular shape that encloses the same area (all other particulars are also unaltered.), 5. two charges 5 × 10 –8  c and –3 × 10 –8  c are located 16 cm apart. at what point(s) on the line joining the to charges is the electric potential zero take the potential at infinity to be zero., 6. figure shows tracks of three charged particles in a uniform electrostatic field. give the signs of the three charges. which particle has the highest charge to mass ratio.

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1) What is the depth of focus in a microscope?

The distance between the objective lens and the model plane in a microscope is known as its depth of focus. The depth of focus differs from person to person, and also it depends on the quality of focus.

2) What is the depth of field in a microscope?

The distance from the farthest plane in focus to the nearest object plane in the same focus is known as the depth of field in a microscope. In microscopes, the depth of field is measured in units of microns because it is very short.

3) What is the field of view in a microscope?

The diameter of the circle, which is illuminated and is seen through the eyepiece in a microscope, is known as its field of view. There is a decrease in the field of view with an increase in the magnification.

4) What is a refractive index?

When a light ray passes from a medium to some other medium, then the measurement of bending of that light ray is known as the refractive index. It can be expressed as n = c/v.

5) What is the formula to calculate the refractive index of a medium?

The following formula can be used to compute the refractive index of a medium:

where, the refractive index of the medium is denoted by ‘n’

the velocity of light in a vacuum is denoted by ‘c’

the velocity of light in the medium is denoted by ‘v’

6) Is the speed of light faster in glass or water?

As compared to glass, the speed of light is faster in water since the refractive index of glass is 1.5, and the refractive index of water is 1.3. According to the equation n = c/v, we know that the refractive index of a medium and the velocity of light in that medium is inversely proportional to each other. Hence light travels faster in water.

7) What is the normal shift?

There exists an apparent shift in the position of an object when placed in a particular medium and viewed along the normal from another medium, and this shift is known as the normal shift.

8) What is the apparent shift?

The difference between the distance of the object and the distance of the image from the refracting surface is known as apparent shift.

9) What are the sources of error in the experiment – To determine the refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.

• It may be possible that the scale used in the microscope might not be adjusted properly.
• Thin lycopodium powder layer on the glass slab.

10) On what factors does apparent depth depend?

Apparent depth depends on the following factors:

• The thickness of the medium
• Nature of the medium
• Colour of the light
• Practical Procedure
• Refractive Index of Prism Material, Glass Slab and Transparent Liquid
• Important Questions
• Mark Wise Questions

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Class 12 Physics Lab Experiments

Welcome to our comprehensive collection of Class 12 Physics Laboratory Experiments, complete with a detailed manual to guide you through each session. This curated list encompasses a range of experiments designed to provide students with hands-on experience in the fascinating realm of Physics engineering. The accompanying manual serves as an invaluable companion, offering a structured approach to each experiment, ensuring clarity in understanding the apparatus required, step-by-step procedures, meticulous observation guidelines, and a systematic recording of results.

Each experiment has been meticulously crafted to cover key concepts and principles, allowing students to apply theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios. The manual not only facilitates a smooth execution of the experiments but also includes viva questions to stimulate critical thinking and reinforce theoretical foundations. Whether you are a novice or an experienced learner, this compilation is a comprehensive resource that aims to enhance your understanding of Class 12 Physics phenomena through a structured and engaging laboratory experience.

Experiment list of Class 12 Physics Lab

• 1. To find resistance of a given wire using Whetstone’s bridge (meter bridge)
• 2. To find the focal length of a convex mirror using a convex lens
• 3. To find the value of ‘v’ for different values of ‘u’ in case of a concave mirror & to find its focal length
• 4. To draw the characteristics curves of a zener diode and to determine its reverse breakdown voltage
• 5. To determine resistance per cm of a given wire by plotting a graph of potential difference versus current.
• 6. To verify the laws of combination (series & parallel) of resistances using meter bridge (slide Wire Bridge)
• 7. To compare the EMF of two given primary cells using a potentiometer
• 8. To determine the internal resistance of a primary cell using a potentiometer
• 9. To determine the resistance of a galvanometer by half-deflection method & to find its figure of merit
• 10. To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance & figure of merit) into an ammeter of desired range & to verify the same
• 11. To find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting a graph
• 12. To find the focal length of a concave lens using a convex lens
• 13. To determine angle of minimum deviation for a given prism
• 14. To determine the refractive index of a glass using travelling microscope
• 15. To draw the I – V characteristics curve of p-n junction in forward bias & reverse bias

Class 12 Physics Laboratory Programm Outcomes for the Students

This repository of Class 12 Physics lab experiments and its accompanying manual is a treasure trove for students delving into the world of Physics engineering. The manual provides a detailed roadmap for each experiment, outlining the required apparatus, step-by-step procedures, guidelines for observations, and a systematic format for recording results. The experiments cover a spectrum of topics, allowing learners to explore the intricacies of experiment fundamentals, devices, and phenomena. The inclusion of viva questions adds an interactive dimension, encouraging students to delve deeper into the theoretical underpinnings of each experiment and fostering a holistic understanding of the subject matter. Whether you are gearing up for examinations or simply seeking to deepen your practical knowledge, this collection promises a rewarding journey through the practical aspects of Physics engineering.

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Physics cbse practical file class 12 (with accurate readings), exp 4. to determine the refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.

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Popular posts from this blog, exp 3. to find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting a graph between u and v ( or 1/u & 1/v).

Exp 2. To determine the angle of minimum deviation for a given prism by plotting a graph between angle of incidence and angle of deviation

What is travelling microscope Class 12?

A Travelling microscope is a compound microscope that is fitted on a vertical scale. It carries a vernier scale along the main scale and can be moved upward or downward. Below is an experiment to determine refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.

Table of Contents

What is travelling microscope in physics?

A travelling microscope is an instrument for measuring length with a resolution typically in the order of 0.01mm. The precision is such that better-quality instruments have measuring scales made from Invar to avoid misreadings due to thermal effects.

Why travelling microscope is used during the experiment?

Travelling microscope is used for accurate measurement of the diameters of different objects. It is also used in Physics Laboratories for more accurate determination of small variation in the liquid levels, Manometers, the refractive index of liquids as well as in surface tension & viscosity experiments.

Which lens is used in travelling microscope?

Concave mirror and Plano concave mirror are used in the microscope. In a typical Travelling microscope, the main scale divisions are of magnitude 0.05cm and the vernier scale contains 50 divisions. So with such a small scale, focal length can’t be measured either of a convex mirror or a convex lens.

Why is it called a travel microscope?

Since this microscope can be taken outside of the laboratory for observations, therefore, it named travelling microscope.

Who invented travelling microscope?

It’s called a Withering microscope, after a medical student called William Withering who designed a simple pocket microscope, made of brass, to help him and others in the study of botany when out of the laboratory. His original design dates back to the late 18th century and looks very similar this one.

What is main scale in travelling microscope?

A microscope is provided with a main scale graduated with 20 divisions in 1 cm and a vernier scale with 25 divisions on it coinciding with 24 divisions of main scale. The least countleast countIn the science of measurement, the least count of a measuring instrument is the smallest value in the measured quantity that can be resolved on the instrument’s scale.https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Least_countLeast count – Wikipedia of the microscope is 2×10−xcm.

Why convex lens is used in travelling microscope?

In a microscope, we use a convex lens because convex lens magnifies images .

What is the least count of travelling microscope?

Hence, the least countleast countIn the science of measurement, the least count of a measuring instrument is the smallest value in the measured quantity that can be resolved on the instrument’s scale.https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Least_countLeast count – Wikipedia of the traveling microscope is 0 .

How do you read a travel microscope?

How do you calculate vernier scale reading in travelling microscope?

• Read the main scale. Look for the last whole increment visible before the 0 (zero) mark.
• Read the secondary scale (Vernier) measurement. This is the division tick mark that lines up best with a mark on the main scale.
• Add the two measurements together.

Why only Lycopodium powder is used in travelling microscope?

Now to measure the real and apparent depths, we need to know the position of the top of the glass slab. But a microscope would not focus here since glass is transparent. So lycopodium powder is added on the surface so that we have some reference to focus on.

What is the total magnification?

To figure the total magnification of an image that you are viewing through the microscope is really quite simple. To get the total magnification take the power of the objective (4X, 10X, 40x) and multiply by the power of the eyepiece, usually 10X.

What is the formula of lens formula?

Let’s see how to use lens formula (1/v-1/u= 1/f) to locate images without having to draw ray diagrams.

Which of the characteristics is used for measuring refractive index of water by travelling microscope?

The travelling microscope carries a Vernier scale along with the main scale. It is widely used in laboratories to measure the refractive index of all the flat specimens.

Who is the father of microscope?

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723): father of microscopy.

What is the use of microscope?

A microscope is an instrument that can be used to observe small objects, even cells. The image of an object is magnified through at least one lens in the microscope. This lens bends light toward the eye and makes an object appear larger than it actually is.

What are the types of microscope?

• Simple microscope .
• Compound microscope.
• Electron microscope.
• Stereomicroscope.
• Scanning probe microscope.

What is an zero error?

Zero error is defined as the condition where a measuring instrument records a reading when no reading is required. In case of Vernier calipers it occurs when a zero on the main scale does not coincide with a zero on Vernier scale it is called zero error for Vernier.

What is the least count of travelling microscope in cm?

The least countleast countIn the science of measurement, the least count of a measuring instrument is the smallest value in the measured quantity that can be resolved on the instrument’s scale.https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Least_countLeast count – Wikipedia (LC) of a travelling microscope is [0.001cm]. Adding on, MSD is the smallest division on the main scale of travelling microscopes.

What is the vernier constant of travelling microscope?

The vernier constant of a vernier callipers is `0.001 cm`. If `49` main scale divisions coincide with `50` vernier scale devisions, then the value of `1` main scale divisions is .

What are the 5 uses of convex lens?

• Magnifying glasses.
• Eye glasses.
• Optical microscopes.
• Projectors.
• Telescopes.
• Multi-junction Solar cells.

What is the formula for refractive index of glass slab?

Solution : Refractive index `n = (sin i)/(sin r)`, where i = angle of incidence in air and r = angle of refraction in glass slab.

How many divisions are in the vernier scale in travelling microscope?

The vernier scale of a travelling microscope has 50 divisions which coincide with 49 main scale divisions if each main scale division is 0.5 mm.

What is the least count of vernier caliper micrometer screw and travel microscope?

The least countleast countIn the science of measurement, the least count of a measuring instrument is the smallest value in the measured quantity that can be resolved on the instrument’s scale.https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Least_countLeast count – Wikipedia of vernier caliper is 0.01mm while the least count of screw gauge is 0.001 mm. Micrometer Screw gauge and vernier caliper both are length measuring devices .

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CBSE Class 12 Physics Practical File Notes with Readings

The CBSE Class 12 Physics is an essential guide for students, providing detailed practical notes and readings. It covers a range of experiments , helping students grasp complex concepts through hands-on learning. This manual bridges theoretical knowledge and practical application, enhancing understanding and scientific skills. Below are the physics practical notes and readings for all CBSE Class 12 Physics Experiments and this will be very helpful in your practical examination .

Section-A Experiments

Section-B Experiments

Section-A Activities

1.To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (on/off) switches, a fuse and a power source.

2.To assemble the components of a given electrical circuit.

3.To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for a steady current.

Section-B Activities

4.To identify a diode, an LED, a resistor and a capacitor from a mixed collection of such items.

5.To observe diffraction of light due to a thin slit.

6. To obtain a lens combination with the specified focal length by using two lenses from the given set of lenses.

Investigatory Projects

Suggested investigatory projects.

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A Travelling microscope is used during the experiment to measure the A. focal length of a convex mirror B. focal length of a convex lens C. refractive index of glass slab D. resistivity of a given wire

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• A Travelling microscope is use...

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