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Manage users and groups assignment to an application

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This article shows you how to assign users and groups to an enterprise application in Microsoft Entra ID using PowerShell. When you assign a user to an application, the application appears in the user's My Apps portal for easy access. If the application exposes app roles, you can also assign a specific app role to the user.

When you assign a group to an application, only users in the group have access. The assignment doesn't cascade to nested groups.

Group-based assignment requires Microsoft Entra ID P1 or P2 edition. Group-based assignment is supported for Security groups, Microsoft 365 groups, and Distribution groups whose SecurityEnabled setting is set to True only. Nested group memberships aren't currently supported. For more licensing requirements for the features discussed in this article, see the Microsoft Entra pricing page .

For greater control, certain types of enterprise applications can be configured to require user assignment. For more information on requiring user assignment for an app, see Manage access to an application .

Prerequisites

To assign users to an enterprise application, you need:

• A Microsoft Entra account with an active subscription. If you don't already have one, you can Create an account for free .
• One of the following roles: Cloud Application Administrator, Application Administrator, or owner of the service principal.
• Microsoft Entra ID P1 or P2 for group-based assignment. For more licensing requirements for the features discussed in this article, see the Microsoft Entra pricing page .

Steps in this article might vary slightly based on the portal you start from.

Assign users and groups to an application using the Microsoft Entra admin center

To assign a user or group account to an enterprise application:

Sign in to the Microsoft Entra admin center as at least a Cloud Application Administrator .

Browse to Identity > Applications > Enterprise applications > All applications .

Enter the name of the existing application in the search box, and then select the application from the search results.

Select Users and groups , and then select Add user/group .

On the Add Assignment pane, select None Selected under Users and groups .

Search for and select the user or group that you want to assign to the application. For example, [email protected] or [email protected] .

Select Select .

Under Select a role , select the role that you want to assign to the user or group. If you haven't defined any roles yet, the default role is Default Access .

On the Add Assignment pane, select Assign to assign the user or group to the application.

Unassign users, and groups, from an application

• Follow the steps on the Assign users, and groups, to an application section to navigate to the Users and groups pane.
• Search for and select the user or group that you want to unassign from the application.
• Select Remove to unassign the user or group from the application.

Assign users and groups to an application using Azure AD PowerShell

• Open an elevated Windows PowerShell command prompt.

Run Connect-AzureAD and sign in as at least a Cloud Application Administrator .

• Use the following script to assign a user and role to an application:

To assign a group to an enterprise app, you must replace Get-AzureADUser with Get-AzureADGroup and replace New-AzureADUserAppRoleAssignment with New-AzureADGroupAppRoleAssignment .

For more information about how to assign a group to an application role, see the documentation for New-AzureADGroupAppRoleAssignment .

This example assigns the user Britta Simon to the Microsoft Workplace Analytics application using PowerShell.

In PowerShell, assign the corresponding values to the variables $username, $app_name and $app_role_name.

In this example, we don't know what is the exact name of the application role we want to assign to Britta Simon. Run the following commands to get the user ($user) and the service principal ($sp) using the user UPN and the service principal display names.

Assign the role name to the $app_role_name variable.

Run the following command to assign the user to the app role:

Unassign users and groups from an application using Azure AD PowerShell

Use the following script to remove a user and role from an application.

Remove all users who are assigned to the application using Azure AD PowerShell

Use the following script to remove all users and groups assigned to the application.

Assign users and groups to an application using Microsoft Graph PowerShell

• Run Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "Application.ReadWrite.All", "Directory.ReadWrite.All", "AppRoleAssignment.ReadWrite.All" and sign in as at least a Cloud Application Administrator .

Unassign users and groups from an application using Microsoft Graph PowerShell

• Run Connect-MgGraph -Scopes "Application.ReadWrite.All", "Directory.ReadWrite.All", "AppRoleAssignment.ReadWrite.All" and sign in as at least a Cloud Application Administrator . Use the following script to remove a user and role from an application.

Remove all users and groups assigned to the application using Microsoft Graph PowerShell

Assign users and groups to an application using microsoft graph api.

To assign users and groups to an application, sign in to Graph Explorer as at least a Cloud Application Administrator .

You need to consent to the following permissions:

Application.ReadWrite.All , Directory.ReadWrite.All , AppRoleAssignment.ReadWrite.All .

To grant an app role assignment, you need three identifiers:

• principalId : The ID of the user or group to which you're assigning the app role.
• resourceId : The ID of the resource servicePrincipal that defines the app role.
• appRoleId : The ID of the appRole (defined on the resource service principal) to assign to a user or group.

Get the enterprise application. Filter by DisplayName.

Record the following values from the response body:

• Object ID of the enterprise application
• appRoleId that you assign to the user. If the application doesn't expose any roles, the user is assigned the default access role.

Get the user by filtering by the user's principal name. Record the object ID of the user.

Assign the user to the application.

In the example, both the resource-servicePrincipal-id and resourceId represent the enterprise application.

Unassign users and groups from an application using Microsoft Graph API

To unassign user and groups from the application, run the following query.

Get the enterprise application. Filter by displayName.

Get the list of appRoleAssignments for the application.

Remove the appRoleAssignments by specifying the appRoleAssignment ID.

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Additional resources

Assigning groups to Azure AD roles and Privileged access groups, a first look!

On August 13th 2020, Alex Simons (Microsoft Identity PM) announced that assigning groups to Azure AD roles in now in public preview . This feature is one of the most requested features to be found in the Azure AD feedback forum .

I have been following this feature request for a while now, and up until recently Microsoft stated that implementing Azure AD role assignment for Azure AD groups wasn’t the issue, the issue was more related to who is able to manage those groups. For example, if enabled how can we circumvent that someone with the “User Administrator” role (capable of adding users to groups) is capable of adding someone to the group used to assign Global Administrator rights. When implemented incorrectly, this new “feature” could then introduce a new security risk in your environment.

Assigning groups to Azure AD roles requires an Azure AD Premium P1 license at minimum, for the Privileged Identity Functionality an Azure AD Premium P2 license is needed.

Disclaimer:  This post reflects the status of assigning groups to Azure AD roles as of August 20, 2020. Functionality may change, even right after this post has been published.

So, let’s walk through on what was announced and see..

So, up until now when you wanted to assign a user an Azure AD role, you had to include the user account directly in the role. Verifying which account has what privileges is therefore hard, especially if you don’t have Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM) licensed.

For a more in depth overview of what Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM) is, please see another blogpost I wrote on this subject here: Lessons learned while implementing Azure AD Privileged Identity Management (PIM)

Changed behaviour while adding members to Azure AD Roles

On the topic of PIM, I also noticed some changed functionality when adding users when you have PIM enabled in your environment. If you don’t have PIM enabled you can assign a user to a role, but if you have PIM enabled there is another experience where when you want to assign an Azure AD role you are actually redirected to the Privileged Identity Management blade, where you can directly create an Eligible (must be activated) or Active (always active) assignment.

Adding users to Azure AD roles via Group membership

In order to add users to Azure AD roles via Group membership you first have to create a new group, so it’s not possible to repurpose an existing group for this.

New groups have the option to set the “Azure AD roles can be assigned to the group (Preview)” option which can be set to either “No” or “Yes”. When you switch this setting to ‘Yes’ the group’s eligibility for role assignment is permanent. Besides that you can only have a membership type of Assigned, so using Dynamic Groups is not supported, and within the wizard you can only add users as member and not groups (group nesting). Interestingly, you can assign multiple Azure AD roles to the group.

If you want to create the Group with the “Azure AD roles can be assigned to the group (Preview)” option enabled you will get an extra confirmation screen:

The option “Azure AD roles can be assigned to the group (Preview)” is only visible if you are member of either the Global Administrator or Privileged Role Administrator role.

Privileged access groups

Once a group with the option to enable Azure AD role assignments is created and you have PIM enabled, a new option becomes available called “Privileged access (Preview)”.

Enabling this option gives us the following options:

Define Eligible or Active assignments to the group

On the group you can assign members or owners using the capabilities provided by PIM. So for example, while adding our user as a member of the group permanently earlier in this article, I now have the option to make the membership Eligible. Also notice that this assignment type is time bound, with a maximum of 1 year.

It’s also interesting to notice that if you want to update an Active Assignment you will not be allowed to Permanently assign an Active role by default. And that assigning an Active role has a maximum allowed assignment duration of 6 months. Once the group is enabled for Privileged Access and you want to add a member, then you don’t have the option “Permanently assigned” available. Also notice that providing a justification is mandatory.

The default options described above are configurable though, trough the settings, so you are able to configure these depending on your requirements.

Activating your Azure AD role while using Privileged access groups

It’s interesting to see that once a user is set to Eligible for the privileged access group, that the Azure AD role doesn’t show up under Eligible Assignments when the user browses to My Roles in PIM. In order to active the Azure AD role in this scenario, the user must go to Privileged access groups (Preview) and active the role from there.

Once the role is activated via the group, it will show up under Active assignments, and what’s interesting to see is that at this time it’s still displayed as being permanent. But I expect that to be fixed while the functionality is still in preview.

Within the PIM settings of the group you can also specify that any Activation request for the group must be approved. This works similar to approval in PIM as we already know it. You define that approval is mandatory and specify who can approve. This can either be a user or a group.

If the user now requests to activate the privileged access group, he will receive the message that the request is pending for approval

The approver doesn’t see the request under Privileged Identity Management | Approve requests but has to go to Privileged Identity Management | Privileged access groups (Preview) and select the group, from there the Approve Requests functionality is providing the ability to approve the request.

I hope this walkthrough gave you an idea on the new possibilities as announced in the public preview. And there is much more to cover actually when it comes to PIM, like more in depth information about auditing and access reviews.

Microsoft has addressed its own concerns by only allowing Global Administrators and Privileged Role Administrators to create the groups enabled for Azure AD role assignment. And having this functionality combined with Privileged Identity Management (PIM) makes the solution even better. Another reason to buy an Azure AD Premium P2 license for your administrative accounts at least.

A winning feature is that by using Privileged access with Azure AD Groups is that you can enable multiple Azure AD roles at once, this could save you creation of a custom role in some cases when using PIM.

While there are still some little fixes which must be applied, for now this looks like a welcome addition for any Azure AD tenant using Premium functionality.

Assigning groups to Azure AD roles is now in public preview!

Use cloud groups to manage role assignments in Azure Active Directory (preview)

Management capabilities for privileged access Azure AD groups (preview)

2 thoughts on “ Assigning groups to Azure AD roles and Privileged access groups, a first look! ”

• Pingback: Active Directory Identity Governance – Privileged Identity Management - JanBakker.tech

make the Security Admin Role a member Privilege Role Admin in Privilege Identity Management in Azure AD is this possible??

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Canvas: Assign an Assignment to a Course Group

You can create a group assignment by using the Group Assignment checkbox. Canvas uses group sets to assign group assignments , and each group within the group set that is assigned to the assignment is required to complete the assignment.

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How to create a group assignment in Blackboard

This video shows you how to set up a group Blackboard assignment in your Blackboard course space. It gives step by step instructions on creating the group assignment, adding files and due dates, adding points, attaching and managing a rubric, adding groups, number of attempts, displaying marks to students, and restricting availability of the assignment.

‘Quick Steps’

• Make sure the relevant groups have been created in Blackboard.
• Go up to the Assessments dropdown menu and click on Assignment .
• Give the assignment a name, add any relevant instructions, attach relevant files.
• Add a due date for the submission.
• In the Marking section, input the points possible.
• Add a rubric if required.
• Click on Submission details to expand this section. Under assignment type choose Group submission .
• Choose the relevant groups.
• Choose the number of attempts allowed.
• To make sure students do not see their marks until a given date, make sure you untick the ‘Show to students in my marks’ option, as this will hide the grade center column. Even with this option unticked, students might still be able to work out their mark from the total column, to avoid this make sure you untick the ‘Include in Grade Centre Calculations’ option.
• Make the assignment available or restrict availability as required.
• Click Submit when done.

Additional Resources

Blackboard Help: Create Group Assignments

Creating and managing groups in Blackboard

assessment Blackboard group assessment groups resources Teaching Academy

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Using Gradescope to Autograde programming assignments

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Assignment Groups are a subset to team which consist of one or more agents who specialise in specific skills and areas, enabling efficient handling of support requests. Whether it's providing priority support, handling hiring processes, managing finances, or supporting developers, Assignment Groups ensure efficient ticket and task allocation within a team. By creating specialised groups focused on specific tasks, you can streamline the workflow and ensure that the right agents are assigned to handle relevant support requests.

How to create an Assignment Group?

There are two ways  by which you can create Assignment group in Service Desk 1. Directly within a team from team details page 

2. From Manage > Assignment Groups page

Creating an Assignment Group directly within a Team from team details page

1. Navigate to  Main Menu > Manage > Teams > Choose a Team > Team details page.

2. Choose the Assignment Group Tab.  Here you can manage the assignment groups associated with the team

3. Click on the + Button. 4. Create Assignment Group right panel will open up Provide the following details to create,

• Assignment Group Name (mandatory): Enter a name for the assignment group.
• Team (auto-filled): The team name will be automatically filled based on the team you selected in the previous step.
• Associate Agents (optional): You can associate specific agents with this assignment group, ensuring that the relevant agents receive tasks related to the group's responsibilities.
• Description (optional): Provide a brief description that outlines the objectives or responsibilities of the assignment group.

6. Click on Save. 7. Once saved, you will be taken back to the Team Details page where you can view the newly created assignment group.

Creating an Assignment Group from the Manage module

1. Navigate to Main Menu > Manage > Assignment Groups

2. Click on the + Button.

3. Create Assignment Group right panel will open up Provide the following details in the right panel,

• Team (mandatory): The team name will be automatically filled based on the context of creating the assignment group from the Manage module.
• Configure Email Channel (optional): Configure the email channel settings for the assignment group, to facilitate communications via email.

5. Click on Save. 6. Once saved, you will be directed to the Assignment Group details page . Here, you can view the list of assigned agents and other relevant information of the assignment group.

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Creating an Assignment Group

Knowledge Base > User Guides > Projects > Creating an Assignment Group

Last Updated: 2 years ago in  User Guides ,  Projects

A project’s workflow is comprised of Assignments. These assignments are the individual tasks which are required to complete a project. In order for a project to have its own unique workflow, an Assignment Group must be established.

To begin by accessing the Project Assignment Groups dialogue, go to Setup > Projects > Project Assignment Groups.

If your Project Definition has not been created yet, click Create and enter a Description. Note that none of the settings for the actual Project Definition have been configured yet, and you will need to set this up afterwards. The Delete button will delete the currently selected project definition. Clicking Edit will allow you to edit the current project definition’s name.

To configure your Assignment Group, use the Add button to move assignments from the Available Assignment Descriptions to the Chosen Assignment Descriptions. The order of the Chosen Assignment Descriptions is the order which the assignments will appear on your project. To reorder them, use the arrows to the right of the Chosen Assignment Descriptions list.

If you wish to include a checklist which is specifically related to the currently selected assignment, click on the Checklist to the right of the Chosen Assignment Descriptions list.

To build a checklist for your assignment, you will first need to add Checklist Items. To do this, click on the ellipsis button below the Available Checklist Items list. This will open the Checklist Items window.

Add a new checklist item by clicking the Add button. Then, name your checklist item and click OK to save it.

Once you have added your checklist item(s), click OK to return to the Checklist Items for your assignment. Your new items will now show up in the Available Checklist Items field. These can be assigned to your project definition by clicking Add. If you need to reorder the list, use the arrows to the right of the Chosen Checklist Items field.

Click Close to save these changes and return to the Project Assignment Groups window. This checklist will now be added to this assignment whenever it is created for this project.

If you need to add new Project Assignments or edit existing ones, click on the ellipsis button below the Available Assignment Descriptions list.

When you have finished your Project Assignment Group, you can also use this list on other projects. Use the Copy To… button to copy this list to other project definitions. Note that assignment checklists will not be copied to the other definitions.

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Submit Group Assignments

You are viewing Ultra Course View content

This information applies only to the Ultra Course View.

This information applies only to the Ultra experience.

Group assignments

Your instructors can create group tests or assignments where you can collaborate with other students. Your instructor may create groups or ask you to join a group for group assignments. The workflow is the same for group tests.

On your  Course  page, your group name is listed after the group assignment title. Your group members' names appear at the bottom when you open an assignment. If you see the option  Join a group to participate , select the link to choose a group. You won't see the group assignment on your Grades page until you join a group.

More on joining groups

If you can’t view the group assignment, your access might be based on your score on another graded item or a date. You can always view your group members even if you can't view the group assignment. If your instructor has asked you to join a group, you may be able to see your group members before you can access the assignment. Your instructor controls that setting, so contact them if you have further questions.

You can view a group assignment and you don't have to submit it . When you select View assessment , you can view the group assignment or add some work. Not ready to submit? Select Save and Close in the panel. Your work on behalf of the group is saved and not submitted. If you or another group member previously started the group assignment, your work was saved. Select View assessment to resume working.

Everyone in the group can keep track of the latest version of the work. Until a member selects Submit , you can open the group assignment as many times as you want.

Group conversations and Collaborate

If your instructor enabled conversations, select the conversation icon in the panel. You can ask for help, share sources, or answer questions others have about the group assignment. You can have conversations with the whole class, just the group, or both.

When a group member has posted to the conversation, an icon appears next to the assignment title on the Course Content page to indicate new activity. The conversation icon in the panel also appears with a colored dot.

More on conversations

You can also use Collaborate Ultra to meet virtually with your group if your course uses Collaborate and your instructor enabled conversations. To open your group's Collaborate room, select the Open Collaborate room icon.

Users don’t have the ability to make Collaborate recordings in Ultra assignment groups. There is no place to list, manage, or watch recordings from groups. An instructor can join a group and access the record button, but this recording will not be listed or be accessible to view.

New to Collaborate Ultra? Start here with the basics!

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Join a group

Your instructor may ask you to join a group to complete a group assignment. The group assignment won't appear on your Grades page until you join a group.

On the Course Content page, you may see an enrollment period. This means that you need to join a group before the deadline. If you haven't joined a group, you're notified when the enrollment deadline approaches.

You can also see if the enrollment period isn't open yet or has closed. You can see the groups page and the assignment only after the enrollment period opens. Contact your instructor if you didn't join a group by the enrollment deadline. If all groups have submitted work, you can't join a group.

Select the Join a group to participate link to access the Groups page. If you select the group assignment title, a panel opens with details and links to join a group. You can't view the assignment until you join a group.

Groups page

The groups you can join appear on the Groups page. Based on your instructor's settings, you might see a  Show Members link that displays the names of other members who joined before you. In the Number of students column, you can see how many members are allowed to join each group. Your instructor may allow all students to join all groups. For example, you might attend multiple field trips.

After you join a group, Joined appears in that row. You can move to another group while the enrollment period is open. You can't move if your group has already submitted work.

You can’t join or move to groups that have submitted work or that contain the maximum number of members. If you can’t join any group or the enrollment deadline has passed, contact your instructor.

After you join a group, you can view your group activity and participate.

Watch a video about Working in Groups

The following narrated video provides a visual and auditory representation of some of the information included on this page. For a detailed description of what is portrayed in the video, open the video on YouTube , navigate to More actions , and select Open transcript .

Video: Work in Groups in the Ultra Course View for Students

Multiple members can work on a group assignment

When a group member opens a group assignment, the assignment is locked so other members can't edit it. Other group members can request to work on the assignment. The member in control can approve or decline the request.

Take control of an assignment

• Open the group assignment. If another group member is working on the assignment, a pencil icon and message appears next to the member's name.
• To send a request to the group member who's currently in control, select Take Control .
• A message appears to let you know that your request for control was sent. If you decide you don't want control, you can cancel your request.
• The person in control of the group assignment receives a notification and can approve or decline your request.
• If your request is approved, the group assignment is unlocked and you can work on it. You receive a message if your request is denied.

If your request is denied, your group member may have granted access to someone else. You can request access again later. You might also want to send a message to your group to coordinate who works on the group assignment at certain times.

If you receive one of these notifications while you work on a group assignment, the system saves your work automatically. You can choose to leave the assignment and turn over control to the member who requested access. Or, you can ignore the request and continue.

Submit a group assignment

Remember, as you work on a group assignment, you can save a draft and other group members are allowed to edit it. Everyone in the group can keep track of the latest version of the work.

Only one member of your group submits the assignment . You'll receive a pop-up message where you confirm you want to submit on behalf of your group. You can't make changes to a group assignment after you submit it.

The Submit button is disabled until one of your group members adds content.

Group grades and feedback

Your instructors grade a group assignment in the same way they grade an assignment that you work on individually. You see only your own grade, but your instructor can assign different grades to each group member. Instructors may assign different grades if they feel that a group member's contribution earned a grade different from the rest of the group.

You can view your group feedback and feedback your instructor provided just for you. When you open the group assignment to view the grade, the feedback panel opens automatically. Your feedback appears in the Group and Individual tabs. After you close the feedback panel, select the feedback icon to open it again.

How do I check that our group assignment was submitted?

After your group submits an assignment, select the title of the assignment on the Course Content page. A panel appears with the date and time of the submission. Not graded appears if your group submitted the assignment but your instructor hasn't graded it yet. Select the Submission link to view the submission.

As your instructors post grades, you'll find them in your activity stream. Select View your grade to display your grade. If your instructor added group feedback, you'll see it after the item's title. Select the group assignment title to open your Course Grades page to access all your grades and feedback.

You can also access the group assignment in your course to review your grade and feedback in context.

Your grades also appear on the global and course grades pages.

More on accessing grades

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Make Work Notes as Mandatory when Assignment Group is Changed on Incident Form

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Trump tells Christian voters they 'won't have to vote anymore' if he's elected

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Former President Donald Trump speaks during the Turning Point USA Student Action Summit on Friday in West Palm Beach, Fla. Joe Raedle/Getty Images hide caption

For more on the 2024 race head to the NPR Network's live updates page.

Former President Donald Trump struck several familiar notes in his address to Christians at Turning Point Action’s “Believers Summit” in West Palm Beach, Fla.

The gathering of religious conservatives Friday night was an opportunity for Trump to appeal to the critical Republican voting bloc. The Republican nominee promised to protect religious freedom and touted his history of supporting the Israeli government.

It's easy to believe young voters could back Trump at young conservative conference

Trump also urged Christians to turn out for him ahead of Election Day, calling it the "most important election ever." He added that if elected, Christian-related concerns will be "fixed" so much so that they would no longer need to be politically engaged.

"You won’t have to do it anymore. Four more years, you know what? It’ll be fixed, it’ll be fine. You won’t have to vote anymore, my beautiful Christians," he said.

Trump also promised to create an anti-Christian bias federal task force, as well as to defund schools "pushing critical race theory, transgender insanity, and other inappropriate racial, sexual or political content onto the lives of our children."

Friday night was Trump's second campaign speech since Biden stepped out of the race and endorsed Vice President Harris as the Democratic nominee.

At the summit, Trump spent extensive time attacking Harris.

As she is poised to be the Democratic nominee, here are 5 facts about Kamala Harris

"If Kamala Harris gets in, she will be the most extreme radical liberal president in American history," Trump said.

Turning Point Action is the advocacy wing of Turning Point USA, one of the largest national organizations focused on engaging students on conservative issues.

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Create group assignments or assign to individual students

Create an assignment in Microsoft Teams for Education and assign it to individual or small groups of students in a class. Groups turn in one copy of the assignment that can be graded separately or together.

Create a new assignment

Navigate to your desired class team and select Assignments .

Select Create > Assignment .

Create a group assignment

If you chose Randomly group students: 

Enter number of groups, then select Create groups .

When everything looks good, select Done . If you decide you need more edits, select Groups of students again.

Finish adding details to your assignment, then select Assign . Note that once an assignment has been distributed to students, you can no longer edit groups.  

If you chose Manually group students:

Select Create groups .

Edit the default group name, if desired.

Select Create .

When you're done, select + New group  and repeat Steps 2 and 3 until all students have been assigned to a group.

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AUTHENTICATION NOT REQUIRED —

Hackers exploit vmware vulnerability that gives them hypervisor admin, create new group called "esx admins" and esxi automatically gives it admin rights..

Dan Goodin - Jul 29, 2024 9:02 pm UTC

Microsoft is urging users of VMware’s ESXi hypervisor to take immediate action to ward off ongoing attacks by ransomware groups that give them full administrative control of the servers the product runs on.

The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2024-37085, allows attackers who have already gained limited system rights on a targeted server to gain full administrative control of the ESXi hypervisor. Attackers affiliated with multiple ransomware syndicates—including Storm-0506, Storm-1175, Octo Tempest, and Manatee Tempest—have been exploiting the flaw for months in numerous post-compromise attacks, meaning after the limited access has already been gained through other means.

Admin rights assigned by default

Full administrative control of the hypervisor gives attackers various capabilities, including encrypting the file system and taking down the servers they host. The hypervisor control can also allow attackers to access hosted virtual machines to either exfiltrate data or expand their foothold inside a network. Microsoft discovered the vulnerability under exploit in the normal course of investigating the attacks and reported it to VMware. VMware parent company Broadcom patched the vulnerability on Thursday.

“Microsoft security researchers identified a new post-compromise technique utilized by ransomware operators like Storm-0506, Storm-1175, Octo Tempest, and Manatee Tempest in numerous attacks,” members of the Microsoft Threat Intelligence team wrote Monday . “In several cases, the use of this technique has led to Akira and Black Basta ransomware deployments.”

The post went on to document an astonishing discovery: Escalating hypervisor privileges on ESXi to unrestricted admin was as simple as creating a new domain group named “ESX Admins.” From then on, any user assigned to the group—including newly created ones—automatically became admin, with no authentication necessary. As the Microsoft post explained:

Further analysis of the vulnerability revealed that VMware ESXi hypervisors joined to an Active Directory domain consider any member of a domain group named “ESX Admins” to have full administrative access by default. This group is not a built-in group in Active Directory and does not exist by default. ESXi hypervisors do not validate that such a group exists when the server is joined to a domain and still treats any members of a group with this name with full administrative access, even if the group did not originally exist. Additionally, the membership in the group is determined by name and not by security identifier (SID).

Creating the new domain group can be accomplished with just two commands:

• net group “ESX Admins” /domain /add
• net group “ESX Admins” username /domain /add

They said over the past year, ransomware actors have increasingly targeted ESXi hypervisors in attacks that allow them to mass encrypt data with only a “few clicks” required. By encrypting the hypervisor file system, all virtual machines hosted on it are also encrypted. The researchers also said that many security products have limited visibility into and little protection of the ESXi hypervisor.

The ease of exploitation, coupled with the medium severity rating VMware assigned to the vulnerability, a 6.8 out of a possible 10, prompted criticism from some experienced security professionals.

ESXi is a Type 1 hypervisor, also known as a bare-metal hypervisor, meaning it’s an operating system unto itself that’s installed directly on top of a physical server. Unlike Type 2 hypervisors, Type 1 hypervisors don’t run on top of an operating system such as Windows or Linux. Guest operating systems then run on top. Taking control of the ESXi hypervisor gives attackers enormous power.

The Microsoft researchers described one attack they observed by the Storm-0506 threat group to install ransomware known as Black Basta. As intermediate steps, Storm-0506 installed malware known as Qakbot and exploited a previously fixed Windows vulnerability to facilitate the installation of two hacking tools, one known as Cobalt Strike and the other Mimikatz. The researchers wrote:

Earlier this year, an engineering firm in North America was affected by a Black Basta ransomware deployment by Storm-0506. During this attack, the threat actor used the CVE-2024-37085 vulnerability to gain elevated privileges to the ESXi hypervisors within the organization. The threat actor gained initial access to the organization via Qakbot infection, followed by the exploitation of a Windows CLFS vulnerability (CVE-2023-28252) to elevate their privileges on affected devices. The threat actor then used Cobalt Strike and Pypykatz (a Python version of Mimikatz) to steal the credentials of two domain administrators and to move laterally to four domain controllers. On the compromised domain controllers, the threat actor installed persistence mechanisms using custom tools and a SystemBC implant. The actor was also observed attempting to brute force Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) connections to multiple devices as another method for lateral movement, and then again installing Cobalt Strike and SystemBC. The threat actor then tried to tamper with Microsoft Defender Antivirus using various tools to avoid detection. Microsoft observed that the threat actor created the “ESX Admins” group in the domain and added a new user account to it, following these actions, Microsoft observed that this attack resulted in encrypting of the ESXi file system and losing functionality of the hosted virtual machines on the ESXi hypervisor.   The actor was also observed to use PsExec to encrypt devices that are not hosted on the ESXi hypervisor. Microsoft Defender Antivirus and automatic attack disruption in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint were able to stop these encryption attempts in devices that had the unified agent for Defender for Endpoint installed. Enlarge / The attack chain used by Storm-0506. Microsoft

Anyone with administrative responsibility for ESXi hypervisors should prioritize investigating and patching this vulnerability. The Microsoft post provides several methods for identifying suspicious modifications to the ESX Admins group or other potential signs of this vulnerability being exploited.

reader comments

Channel ars technica.

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