literature review of petroleum industry

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Journal of Applied Sciences

• Vol 11 (12), 2011

Review Article

A review on petroleum: source, uses, processing, products and the environment.

Received: January 25, 2011;   Accepted: February 28, 2011;   Published: May 02, 2011

How to cite this article

Introduction.

Exploring and drilling for oil may disturb land and ocean habitats. A study on assessment of the impact of oil exploration activities on agriculture and natural resources in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria showed that oil exploration activities adversely impacted specifically on soil/land resources, aquatic life/fisheries, water resources, crops, livestock and forests/vegetation. Oil spills have degraded most agricultural lands, reduced the availability of fish and fish products, caused the pollution of surface and ground water resources, destruction of arable and tree crops and death of farm animals in the region as a result of toxic materials in the soil and polluted water. Oil exploration activities have also resulted in the disappearance of some forest vegetation and animal species, including primates, fish, turtles and birds. The ultimate result of these impacts is a drastic reduction in farm productivity and animal farm income ( Ugwu, 2009 ; Eneh, 2011a , b ; Tabieh and Al-Horani, 2010 ; Al-Turki, 2010 ).

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