essay on sikkim culture

Welcome to Sikkim

Sikkim Culture, Languages, Festivals, Dance, Art Crafts, Food, Sikkim Lifestyle

Sikkim is a unique blend of varied traditions, religions, customs of different communities. Know more about the Sikkim culture

• 1 Sikkim Culture
• 2 Sikkim Languages
• 3 Food of Sikkim:
• 4 Sikkim Festivals:
• 5 Art & Crafts Of Sikkim:
• 6 Music & Dances of Sikkim:

Sikkim Culture

Sikkim is a beautiful land of manifold tribes and races of people living together. All these diverse tribes and communities have their unique features in addition to their particular dance forms, festivals , languages, culture, and craft forms. The miscellany of ethnic groups, religion, and languages is seen all over Sikkim.

Sikkim Languages

Nepali is the primary language of Sikkim while Lepcha and Sikkimese (Bhutia) are also spoken in some part of this north-east province. English is also spoken by the people of Sikkim. Other languages include Kafle, Limbu, Majhwar, Yakha, Tamang, Tibetan, and Sherpa.

Food of Sikkim:

The food of the people of Sikkim indicates the culture of this state which is a mélange of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Tibet. Sikkim food mainly comprises noodles, Gundruk and Sinki soups, thukpas, tomato achar pickle, traditional cottage cheese, fermented soybean, Bamboo shoot, fermented rice product and some other fermented dishes owing to its very cold climate. Rice is, however, the staple food of the state. Momos, also known as dumplings and wantons are favorites among the Sikkimese people as well as the tourists. When it comes to non-vegetarian food, they prefer fish, beef, and pork. People coming to explore Sikkim would never miss the great opportunity to taste the very famous and delicious momos here which have different fillings from beef to chicken to pork. Steamed and boiled food items are mainly found here with not so much utilization of masalas but other local spices and herbs. And the people of Sikkim mostly prefer some drinks along with the food such as local beer, whiskey, and rum.

The people of the state grow crops like wheat, barley, buckwheat, finger millet, potato, and soybeans etc. Through the fermentation process, the people are capable of preserving a lot of non-seasonal vegetables and this is quite a traditional thing.

Sikkim Festivals:

Sikkim is a state in northeast Asia where numerous festivals are celebrated throughout the year. Majority of the people of Sikkim follow Buddhism so the festival celebrated here are associated with the Buddhist and they are celebrated with a lot of pomp and as per the Buddhist calendar.

In Gompas or Monasteries of Sikkim , most of the festivals are celebrated where people gather together in order to celebrate the occasion. During these festivals, the citizen of Sikkim involves in vibrant and lively dances and music.

The most fascinating form of ritual dance that is performed by the Lamas is “Chaam” which involves colorful masks and amazing musical instruments. Lamas dressed with blithely painted masks, ceremonials swords, sparkling jewels, and dance on the rhythm of the music, drums, and horns. Some of the most popular festivals, notable in Sikkim are as follows:

• Saga Dawa: A triple favored celebration, Saga Dawa is reckoned as one of the godliest festivals in Sikkim especially for the Mahayana Buddhists. On this particular day, the Buddhists visit the monasteries, offer the prayers and butter lamps as they were the three remarkable events associated with the existence of Buddha which is celebrated at this event. This particular is held on the full moon of the 4th month of the Buddhist calendar either at the end of May or at the beginning of June. This festival takes place in Gangtok.
• Lhabab Dunchen Festival: This festival represents the descent of Lord Buddha from the heaven. Lha means “Heaven” and bab means “Descent”. Thus, this festival celebrates Lord Buddha’s descent from deva kingdom after teaching his departed mother, Mahamaya. This festival takes place on the 22nd day of the 9th lunar month every year.
• Losar Festival: Losar is Tibetan New Year festival and is marked with a lot of festivities, gaiety, merrymaking, and feasting. This festival usually celebrated in the first week of February. 4.Drupka Teshi Festival: Another amazing festival celebrated by the Buddhist is the Drupka Teshi Festival. Falls on the fourth day of sixth Tibetan month, around the month of August, this festival is celebrated with full excitement as on this day the Buddha lectured his first sermon of four Noble Truths to his five disciples in Sarnath at the very famous deer park.
• Phang Lhabsol: Phang Lhabsol is one of the most unique festivals of Sikkim, wad made renowned by ChakdorNamgyal, the 3rd ruler of Sikkim. This festival involves worshipping Mount Kanchendzonga and devoting for its uniting powers.
• Bumchu Festival: The festival of Bumchu is celebrated with full grandeur and zeal at the Tashiding Monastery in the West Sikkim in the month of January. Bum represents “pot or vase” and chu means “water”. During the celebration, the pot that is filled with the Holy water is opened by the Lamas present in the monastery. A part of the heavenly water is then distributed to all the devotees who are gathered in this festival. And then, the pot is refilled again with water and sealed for the next year’s celebration since the level of the water in the pot depicts the prosperity of the future year.
• Losoong Festival: Another great festival of Sikkim, Losoong Festival is celebrated on the occasion of the end of the harvest season and at the end of the tenth month of Tibetan year in the rural Sikkim. During this festival, the Chaam dances by the people of Sikkim are performed. All these festivals take place at the Tsu-La-Khang monastery, Phodong monastery, and Rumtek monastery.
• Dasain Festival: It is the main festival of Hindu Nepalese in Sikkim which takes place a few weeks before the Losoong Festival. The celebration of this festival signifies the victory of good over evil. The elder people of the family apply “Tika” to younger people and give them their blessings.
• Tihaar Festival: The Tihaar Festival is another exciting festival of Sikkim that is celebrated as the festival of lights which is somewhat like Diwali.
• Hee Bermiok Tourism Festival: Hee Bermiok is an annual festival which is celebrated in Hee Bermiok city. This city is located nearby Gangtok. This festival started in 2005 and the uncountable number of people comes to this beautiful city to join this amazing carnival. The festival takes place in the month of May every year.

Art & Crafts Of Sikkim:

There are a plenty of art and craft forms in Sikkim. The bulk of the people of the state belong to rural areas and they have their old tradition of making several utility objects. One of the most popular handicraft objects of Sikkim includes a choksee table, woolen carpet, canvas wall hanging, thankas delineating painting on various aspects of the state.

Also, the government has set up an institute of Cottage Industries in South District for the better development of the cottage industries in Sikkim. The state has various handicrafts in the form of cane and bamboo products. Melli, Gangtok, and Namchi are the very popular places of Sikkim for handloom products and cottage industries.

The people of Sikkim are pro when it comes to craft making as they have very special skills in the same. The womenfolk of the state are amazing weavers and they attract the tourists by their excellent craft work. The handmade carpets and papers of the state are in huge demand in and outside of Sikkim.

Music & Dances of Sikkim:

Folk songs and dances are an inveterate part of the Sikkimese culture. Most of the tribal dances depict the harvest season and they are performed for prosperity.

The dances of Sikkim are accompanied by traditional musical instruments, chanting, and the dancers carry bright costumes and traditional masks. Some of the most famous dance forms are Rechungma, Gha To Kito, Chi Rmu, Be Yu Mista, Tashi Zaldha, Enchey Chaam, Lu Khangthamo, Gnungmala Gnunghey, and Kagyed Dance.

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Essay On Sikkim In English | Art & Culture | Tourism | Religion | Summary

Essay On Sikkim In English | Art & Culture | Tourism | Religion | Summary

Hello, Friend, In this post “ Essay On Sikkim In English | Art & Culture | Tourism | Religion | Summary “, We will read about Everything about Sikkim As an Essay In Detail. So…

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“Attracts a lot of Minds of tourists, Sikkim was called Switzerland of the East.”

Essay On Sikkim In English

Introduction of sikkim.

Sikkim is a hilly state located in North-Eastern India . and Sikkim is also the second least populated state in India.

English, Gorkha Khas language, Lepcha, Bhutia, Limbu, and Hindi are the official language of Sikkim.

Hindu and Vajrayana Buddhism are the main religions of Sikkim .

Gangtok is the capital as well as the largest city of Sikkim . Kanchanjanga, the world’s third-highest mountain range is also located in Sikkim.

Sikkim is the 22nd state of India. Nowadays the Chief Minister of Sikkim is Mr. Prem Singh Tamang .

And the population of Sikkim is 610,577 . the area of Sikkim is 7096-kilometer square .

History of Sikkim

Sikkim came into existence in 1642, when the Phuntsong Namgyal was declared the first Chogyal (king) of Sikkim .

Namgyal was declared king by three Buddhist monks .

The Monarchy started in Sikkim in this manner. After which the Namgyal dynasty ruled Sikkim for 333 years.

And India attained Independence in 1947. After this, different princely states were merged in India under the leadership of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel .

In this series, A referendum was also held in Sikkim in 1975. In the referendum, 97.5% of the people were in favor of India.

After which the Constitution Amendment Bill to make Sikkim the 22nd state of India was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 23rd April   1975.

It was passed the same day by a vote of 299-11 . And in the Rajya Sabha , the bill was passed on 26th April , and on 15th May 1975, as soon as president Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed signed the bill, the rule of the Namgyal dynasty came to an end.

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Geography Of Sikkim (Essay On Sikkim In English) 

Sikkim is a hill state located in the northeastern part of India . It is one of the smallest states in India.

Sikkim is bordered by Tibet to the North and Northeast, by Bhutan to the southeast, by the Indian State of West Bengal to the south, And by Nepal to the west. The Capital is Gangtok , in the southeastern part of the state.

The third highest peak in the world, Kanchenjunga , which is considered to be the defense goddess of Sikkim , exudes its enchanting natural beauty Sikkim is one of the 18 major regions of the world full biodiversity.

Culture Of Sikkim

Sikkim is mainly inhabited by Bhutia, Lepcha, and Nepali communities.

Maghi Sankranti, Durgapuja, Lakshmi puja, and Chaitra Dasai/Rama Navami, Dasai, Sonam Losung, Nomsoung, Tendong Halo Rum Phat (Worship of the mount of Tendong) , Losar (Tibetan New Year) are the major festivals of the state.

other festivals include Sakeva (Rai), Sonam Lochar (Gurung), Barahimzong (Magar) , etc .

Costumes Of Sikkim

The Costumes of Sikkim Reflect the social and cultural lifestyles of the major communities that are Lepcha, Bhutia, and Nepali .

The three communities of Lepcha, Bhutia, and Nepal wear different costumes which further enhance the diversity found in the state.

Among the prominent Costumes Of Sikkim are Bakhu/Kho, Chuba, and Gho .

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Folk Dance Of Sikkim

The Major Dances of Sikkim are Chhu Phat dance, Singhai Cham or Snow Lion Dance, Yak Cham, Denjong Nenha, Tashi Yangku Dance, Khukhuri Dance, Chutki Dance, Maruni Dance, etc.

Food Of Sikkim

Rice is a staple food, and fermented food traditionally constitutes a significant in Sikkim serve various types of Nepalese cuisine , such as the Newa and Thakali Cuisines . Tibetan Cuisine has also Influenced Sikkim’s Cuisine .

Source Of Livelihood Of Sikkim People’s

In Sikkim, More than 64% population depends on agriculture for their livelihood . Arable land in Sikkim is about 1,09,000 Hectares, which is 15.36 % of the total geographical area.

Maize, rice, wheat, potato, larger cardamom, ginger, and orange are the major crops here.

Sikkim is the largest producer of large cardamom in the country. Ginger, potatoes, orange, and non-seasonal vegetables are other cash crops .

Though industrially Sikkim has been declared a backward state, many centuries ago there have been artisan-based traditional Sikkim cottage industries .

Transportation Of Sikkim (Essay On Sikkim In English) 

Roads of sikkim.

Gangtok, the capital of Sikkim , is connected to Darjeeling, Kalimpong, Siliguri , and all the district headquarters of Sikkim by road. 41000 km the total length of roads in the state, including national highways, is 2,933.49 km. out of this, 873.43 km roads have been built by border roads organization .

Railways And Aviation Of Sikkim

The nearest railway stations of the state are Siliguri (113km) and New Jalpaiguri (125km) from where one can travel to Kolkata, Delhi, Guwahati, Lucknow, and other important cities of the country.

There is no airport in Sikkim . helicopter service is provided between Gangtok and Bagdogra .

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Famous Tourist place of Sikkim (Essay On Sikkim In English) 

Sikkim Is one of the major tourist destinations in India with peaks, sacred lakes, ancient monasteries, orchid nurseries, and stunning trekking routes making Sikkim a perfect holiday place.

The major sightseeing places of Sikkim are Gangtok, Mangan, Yumthang Valley, Lachen Village, Gurudongmar Laake, etc .

Best Time To Visit In Sikkim

The best time to visit Sikkim state is in the months of April and May . the Sikkim states receive four months of snow in the winter and are prone to landslides during the monsoons.

Therefore, the summer season is considered to be very pleasant and suitable for visiting.

Conclusion (Essay On Sikkim In English) 

Sikkim State is one of the most beautiful states in the country.

Sikkim captivates everyone with its natural beauty. the snow-capped mountains and naturally flowing waterfalls of Sikkim are very beautiful scenery is definitely worth visiting .

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States › Sikkim › Culture and Tradition

Culture and Tradition of Sikkim

Sikkim is a unique blend of different religion, customs and traditions of different communities. In the ancient times, Sikkim was occupied by three tribes; Naong, Chang and the Mon. But with the course of time, the inhabitants of the nearby countries became a major inhabitant of the state. That includes the Lepchas; the clan of Nagas from Tibet, are one of the tribal groups, the Bhutias; the descendents of Buddhists from Tibet and the Nepalese; the descendents of the Hindus from Nepal, which now dominates the considerable portion of the Sikkim’s population. And hence, Nepali is the most common among all the languages in Sikkim. The Tibetan Bhutias, secured their deep rooted ties to the tradition and belief since the last three centuries they had been settled in Sikkim. Living together harmoniously, the Sikkimese Bhutias and Tibetans display the cultural, social and linguistic commonness in between.

Sikkim is like a beautiful bouquet that is adorned with the amazing colors and essence of different flowers, in the form of attractive folk dances, customs and traditions of different tribes and castes. Their exuberant religious festivals bring along with them the ceremonial mask dance performed by the monks with superfluous energy and zeal. The swords and sparkling jewellery add to the authenticity of the performance while they dance to the resounding drums and trumpeting of horns. Saga Dawa is one of such auspicious festivals, celebrated by the people who follow Mahayana form of Buddhism.

On which, they go to monasteries and offer butter lamps along with the prayers. Later, the colorful procession adorned by the monks chanting holy scriptures, go around the town of Sikkim. The earliest inhabitant of the state; the Lepchas, were the believers of Bon faith and mune faith based on spirits, before they turned Buddhist or Christians.

The mountains, rivers, forests etc, that are the spirit of Nature, generally considered as God by them. The phang labsol is one of the festivals celebrated by them, when they offer gratitude to the Mount Kanchendzonga which is considered as a powerful guard of the state. Desian festival is celebrated in the month of sept-oct, which symbolizes the victory of good over evil, just like the hindu festival ‘Dussehra’, and Diwali is celebrated on the 10th day after Dasian. Then there is very solemn Kagyat dance performed every 28th or 29th day of the Tibetan calendar. Other than these there are several other festivals celebrated by the people living in Sikkim namely Losoong, Namoong, Labab Duchen, Yuma-Sam-Manghim, Tendong-Iho-Rum-Fat etc.

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Essay On Sikkim

• Updated on  
• Dec 24, 2021

Essay writing is a way to discern the general knowledge, language skills and creativity of the writer. This is why it is included in several Indian competitive exams, international entrance exams, and even in aptitude tests conducted by employers and companies before hiring. Many competitive exams like UPSC Mains, CLAT , SAT , IELTS etc. use the essay section to test the candidates’ thinking prowess and general ability. Essay writing includes a wide range of topics, from current affairs to descriptions and even personal anecdotes. Hence, it is best to practice a few topics before any competitive exam. In this blog, we will cover the tips and format for writing an essay on Sikkim, to help you prepare creative and informative writing pieces!

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This Blog Includes:

Tips and format for essay writing, sample essays on sikkim, sample 1: essay on sikkim.

• Sample 2: Essay On Sikkim 

Essay writing can be argumentative, narrative, descriptive, analytical or comparative in nature. If you have to write an essay on Sikkim, you must keep these tips in mind. This form of writing can be easy and creative if you follow certain steps and tips:

• Brainstorm arguments related to the topic and form a specific structure before you start writing.
• Make notes about the topics before you start writing so that your arguments and descriptions are coherent and clear.
• An introduction is the most important aspect of any form of writing, thus, try to keep it short, engaging and precise who that the reader knows the intent.
• Avoid repetition and rambling while writing. 
• Proofread! Always read your essay before turning it in to ensure no grammatical errors or spelling mistakes. 

The writing format for an essay is straightforward and direct. The purpose of any essay is to inform or present an argument to the reader. It will be the same if you have to write an essay on Sikkim. It has three components: Introduction, Main Body and Conclusion.     

To write an informative and creative essay on Sikkim, you need to research, determine your intent for writing and form a proper structure. Once you have your outline for the essay, you can start writing and include interesting facts and anecdotes to make your essay exciting and readable. Here are some samples for writing an essay on Sikkim!

Tucked away in the majestic Himalayas lies the small, quaint hill-city of Sikkim. Blessed with scenic beauty, rich cultural and ethnic diversity, the state has emerged as the best tourist spot for Indians and foreigners. From picturesque tourist attractions like Gangtok, Pelling, Lachung and Namchi to mouthwatering Sikkimese cuisine to snow-capped mountains, Sikkim has it all! Despite being one of the smallest, obscure states in India, Sikkim is widely known for its hospitality, natural beauty, multicultural diversity and ethnic cuisine.   This landlocked state of India has a rich and tumultuous history that began in 1642; the kingdom of Sikkim fought many wars with its neighbours to assert its independence. Surrounded by powerful nations, the kIngdom of Sikkim in 1950 signed the Indo-Sikkimese Treaty with India to protect its international interests and preserve the nation’s integrity. After a referendum in 1975, the state decided to join India as a state, becoming the 22nd state. While Sikkim may not have been a part of the struggle for preserving India, the state has since elevated the name of our subcontinent: Sikkim has been at the forefront in several domains, the state has the best educational system, awarded the cleanest state in India and is the only state to transition to organic farming.  The state makes tireless efforts in preserving and developing the human resources of the city. Sikkim’s government actively encourages prominent technical colleges like IITs, NITs, and Manipal University to set up institutions to ensure that their students have the best in terms of education and research. Despite having a largely agrarian economy, the state has diversified its economy by encouraging tourism, trade and small -scale industries to set up in the region.   Sikkim may be one of the smallest cities of India but its philosophy and ideals are larger than life. The commitment to the preservation of nature as well the cultural history of the nation and city is what makes Sikkim so great and powerful. Indian states have much to learn from this small city who is leaving all the big cities behind in terms of success and human development.

Sample 2 : Essay On Sikkim 

In 1975, Sikkim became the 22nd state to join the Indian subcontinent following a people’ referendum. Since then, the state has contributed to upholding the integrity and sovereignty of the Indian state with its commitment to human development, democracy, and economic upliftment. Bordering three different countries, Sikkim’s city is home to beautiful tourist hot stops like Khangchendzonga National Park, Nathula Pass, Tsomgo Lake, and beautiful monasteries and temples.     The rocky terrains and cool temperature make the city an ideal spot for travel. The alluring city is one of the most visited and highly sought after tourist destinations in the world so much so that the city has two airports in its vicinity, railway connectivity and national highway to encourage tourism and local development. While Sikkim may not have the largest economy in India, it does have the fastest growing economy with its small- scale industries, organic farming and blooming tourism. The state is dedicated to the environmental cause and is the only Indian state to have the status of ‘Nirmal State’ for campaigning to become free of public defecation.  The real beauty of Sikkim lies in its people and their culture. Sikkim is a multicultural, multilingual, multiethnic and multireligious state with 4 different official languages and several regional languages. It is home to a diverse group of people hailing from Nepal, Bhutan, Tibet etc. Its people follow other religions, different cultures and lifestyles yet live together in harmony and peace. This harmonious amalgamation makes Sikkim so special and unique even in a deeply diverse country like India. Sikkim’s natural beauty and ecology are breathtaking; the state is replete with diverse flowers and holds the International Flower Festival every year to celebrate biological diversity. It has over 552 unique types of birds and over 600 different species in butterflies. They have wild animals like snow leopard, red panda, Tibetan wolf etc. Sikkim is a beautiful city to visit and live in. The state has achieved great heights in terms of health, education, sanitation, public welfare and environmental preservation. Sikkim, despite having limited resources and industrial development, continuously works towards the betterment and enhancement of its people. 

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Hopefully, this blog guided you on how to write a compelling essay on Sikkim for competitive exams. Essay writing is an integral part of the admission process in several universities and colleges, thus learning and practising how to express your opinions and arguments is extremely important. For more educational content, follow Leverage Edu ! Follow us on LinkedIn , Instagram , Facebook and Quora .

An ardent reader and writer, Gitali loves to create meaningful and well-researched content on studying abroad, scholarships and exploring student life hacks. When she is not busy working, you can find her doodling in the corner or discussing why Seinfeld is the greatest sitcom ever.

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Reels from Sikkim

Introduction.

Sikkim is the least populated as well as the second smallest state in India. Despite this, Sikkim is a land endowed with natural beauty and rich heritage. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region in the north, Bhutan in the east, Nepal in the west and West Bengal in the south. It covers an area of 7,096 Sq.Km. Gangtok is the state capital perched at an altitude of 5410 feet, which offers a magnificent view of Mount Kanchenjunga- also regarded as Sikkim’s guardian spirit. With surreal valleys and snow-capped mountains, colourful monasteries and sparse villages, Sikkim is a hidden treasure of the country.

Click the pins to navigate through the state

× Folk Dances of Sikkim

Folk dances of Sikkim reflect the unique and kaleidoscopic culture of its communities.  Click to know more about the folk dances of Sikkim.

Folk Dances of Sikkim

× Lama Dances of Sikkim

Chham is a masked dance performed by the Buddhist monks during special occasions.  Do you know the promise related to the Pang Lhabsol festival ?

Lama Dances of Sikkim

× khangchendzonga biosphere reserve.

Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve in Sikkim is one of the highest ecosystems in the world. Learn more about Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve.

Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve

× khangchendzonga national park.

The Khangchendzonga National Park includes a unique diversity of plains, valleys, lakes, glaciers, and spectacular mountains covered with ancient forests, including the world’s third highest peak, Mount Khangchendzonga.  Know more about Khangchendzonga National Park.

Khangchendzonga National Park

× chyabrung.

Chyabrung is an indigenous drum of the Limboo community of Sikkim. It is made of wood and leather.  Who is Namasami ?

Damphu is a very rare musical instrument belonging to the indigenous Tamang community of Sikkim. It is  a double sided disc-shaped drum covered with leather and a long wooden handle.  Click to know more about Damphu.

Cymbals are solid instruments made of metal and cloth. How are Cymbals related to the folk dances of Sikkim? 

Popatik is a solid instrument made of bamboo. It is mainly used in group dances of Sikkim.  Know more about Popatik

Sor-Ting is a solid instrument made of brass, metal and bones. It is similar to a Chinese Gong and Mongolian Gong. Know more about the usage of Sor-Ting.

Tingshas are solid instruments made of metal. It is a pair of brass plates with a small central dome usually used by the Lamas during puja rites and offerings. Click to know more.

× Bampathyut

Bampathyut is a bird-shaped whistle made of bamboo. It is mainly used in the jungle for signalling. How to use a Bampathyut?

× Textiles of Sikkim

Textiles of Sikkim reflect the rich and old tradition of weaving, and narrate stories of their everyday life. 

Know more about the textiles of sikkim.

Textiles of Sikkim

Machunga is a solid instrument made of steel. It is a rhythmic instrument and is played with taal.

Click to know more about Machunga

× Lepcha Weave

Lepcha weave belongs to the Lepcha tribe of Sikkim. The Lepcha artisans weave elegant products using colourful nettle yarn and wool.

Click to know more about Lepcha weave.

Lepcha Weave

Rol-Mo are solid instruments made of brass. These ritual cymbals are held horizontally and used in the rites of wrathful deities.

What is the technique of playing Rol-Mo ?

Flute is one of the oldest musical instruments of Sikkim. This wind instrument belongs to the Lepcha, Bhutia and Nepali communities.

Do you know the interesting fact behind the making of flute in Sikkim?

Bell is a solid instrument made of metal. It is mostly used by the temple priests during Aarti and the singing of Kirtans.

Click to know more about Bell.

× Tungdarbong

Tungdarbong is a percussion instrument made of softwood, goatskin and leather. It is mainly used in the tantric rituals of Sikkim.

Click to know more about Tungdarbong

Tungdarbong

Tungbank is a stringed instrument made of softwood and parchment. It is mainly used as an accompaniment to music and dances of Sikkim.

Click to explore more about this folk instrument

Satsang is a bowed instrument, made of a single block of wood. It is played with a horse haired bow as an accompaniment to music and dances of Sikkim.

Do you know how a Satsang is made?

× Panthong Palit

Panthong Palit is a wind instrument made of bamboo. Used as an accompaniment to the folk and traditional forms of music, this instrument plays an integral role in weddings of Sikkim.

Click to know more about Panthong Palit.

Panthong Palit

× palith king.

Palith King is a wind instrument made of wood. It is a straight flute having six finger holes.

Do you know who plays the Palith King mostly?

Palith King

× nibrok palith.

Nibrok Palith is a wind instrument made of bamboo and wax. It is mainly used in wedding celebrations in Sikkim.

Click to explore more about Nibrok Palith

Nibrok Palith

The percussion instrument of Madal is a variety of the Mridanga. It is a hand drum, cylindrical in shape. It is an important accompaniment for all Nepali folk songs and dances.

What are the two faces of a Madal ?

× Blingthop

Blingthop is a solid instrument made of bamboo, softwood and iron. It is mostly used in group dances of Sikkim.

Click to know more about Blingthop.

× Panchai Baja and Naumati Baja

The Panchai Baja and the Naumati Baja are auspicious bands played by the Nepali community during religious ceremonies.

What are the musical instruments included in the Panchai Baja and the Naumati Baja?

Panchai Baja and Naumati Baja

Glimpses of sikkim.

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A Very Short History of Sikkim

• Posted September 4, 2013
• By News editor

Nestled in the mountains between India and Tibet, Sikkim's culture has long been a mixture of traditional animist beliefs, Buddhism — which became the dominant religion in the eighth century — and Hindu influences from neighboring Bengal and Nepal.

Long an independent monarchy, in the 19th century Sikkim ceded present-day Darjeeling to the British. In exchange, the rest of the country was made a suzerain state of the empire, meaning it maintained internal autonomy but let Britain handle its external affairs. This agreement stuck after Indian independence in 1947, but things soon became complicated for the small country. Refugees poured into Sikkim after China's 1959 crackdown in Tibet, and India established an increased military presence along the border near Lhasa. Meanwhile, the ethnic makeup of Sikkim had been transformed by years of heavy immigration from Nepal; the country was now a Hindu majority controlled by a Buddhist monarchy and clergy.

Things came to a head in 1975, when Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi organized a referendum that abolished the monarchy and formally incorporated Sikkim into India. Whether these actions were an invasion, annexation, or national security necessity depends on whom you ask.

For more, read the feature story " East, West, and Ten-drel ."

Ed. Magazine

The magazine of the Harvard Graduate School of Education

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Exploring the Rich Tapestry of Sikkim’s Culture: A Journey into Diversity

• BY Sidharth
• DATE 11/22/2023

Sikkim, nestled in the northeastern part of India, is a land of mesmerizing landscapes and a vibrant cultural mosaic. This tiny state, bordered by Bhutan, Tibet, and Nepal, boasts a unique blend of traditions, religions, and ethnicities, making it a captivating destination for those seeking an authentic cultural experience.

Ethnic Diversity:

Sikkim is home to various ethnic communities, each contributing to the rich cultural tapestry of the region. The major communities include the Lepchas, Bhutias, and Nepalese. The Lepchas, considered the original inhabitants, have their own distinct language, customs, and rituals. The Bhutias, with their roots in Tibet, bring in Tibetan Buddhist influences, while the Nepalese add a layer of Hindu traditions.

The cultural calendar of Sikkim is adorned with a plethora of festivals, celebrating the diversity of its people. Dashain and Tihar are two prominent Hindu festivals, while Losar marks the Tibetan New Year. The Lepchas celebrate Namsoong, a harvest festival, with traditional dances and rituals. The most famous, however, is the Pang Lhabsol festival, which reflects the state's unique synthesis of Buddhist and Lepcha traditions.

Buddhist Influence:

Buddhism has a deep-rooted presence in Sikkim, and the state is dotted with monasteries that stand as testaments to its spiritual heritage. The Enchey Monastery in Gangtok and the Rumtek Monastery, a seat of the Kagyu sect, are not only religious centers but also architectural marvels. Visitors can witness monks in vibrant robes engaging in prayer ceremonies and rituals, providing a glimpse into the tranquil Buddhist way of life.

Traditional Attire:

The traditional attire of the Sikkimese people reflects their cultural identity. Women often adorn themselves in colorful, intricately woven dresses, while men wear traditional Tibetan-style garments. The elegantly designed jewelry and accessories worn during festivals add to the visual spectacle, creating a vibrant and festive atmosphere.

Sikkimese cuisine is a delightful blend of flavors influenced by Tibetan, Nepali, and Bhutia culinary traditions. Momos, a type of dumpling, are a popular snack, and Thukpa, a noodle soup, is a comforting dish enjoyed by locals and visitors alike. The use of local ingredients such as yak cheese and fermented foods adds a unique twist to the gastronomic experience.

Eclectic Arts and Crafts:

The arts and crafts of Sikkim showcase the exceptional skills of its people. Thangka paintings, intricate handwoven carpets, and wooden masks are some of the traditional crafts that have been passed down through generations. These artistic expressions not only serve as decorative items but also hold religious and cultural significance.

In conclusion, Sikkim's culture is a harmonious blend of diverse influences, creating a captivating and unique identity. Whether immersed in the spiritual ambiance of a monastery, savoring the flavors of local cuisine, or witnessing the vibrant festivals, a journey through Sikkim is an exploration of cultural richness that lingers in the hearts of those who experience it.

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