journal of gastroenterology cover letter

Prepare supporting information

Please make sure you have the following information available before you submit your manuscript:

Author information

Full names and email addresses of all co-authors on your manuscript.

Cover letter

A cover letter that includes the following information, as well as any additional information requested in the instructions for your specific article type (see main manuscript section above):

• An explanation of why your manuscript should be published in BMC Gastroenterology
• An explanation of any issues relating to journal policies
• A declaration of any potential competing interests
• Confirmation that all authors have approved the manuscript for submission
• Confirmation that the content of the manuscript has not been published, or submitted for publication elsewhere (see our Duplicate publication policy )
• If you are submitting a manuscript to a particular special issue, please refer to its specific name in your covering letter

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You may suggest potential peer reviewers for your manuscript. If you wish to do so, please provide institutional email addresses where possible, or information which will help the Editor to verify the identity of the reviewer (for example an ORCID or Scopus ID). Intentionally falsifying information, for example, suggesting reviewers with a false name or email address, will result in rejection of your manuscript and may lead to further investigation in line with our misconduct policy.

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Citation Impact 2023 Journal Impact Factor: 2.5 5-year Journal Impact Factor: 2.7 Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP): 0.881 SCImago Journal Rank (SJR): 0.747 Speed 2023 Submission to first editorial decision (median days): 28 Submission to acceptance (median days): 166 Usage 2023 Downloads: 3,090,113 Altmetric mentions: 2,444

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The following summary describes the peer review process for this journal:

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BMC Gastroenterology

ISSN: 1471-230X

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Author Guidelines

Journal of Gastroenterology Research and Practice is an open access journal publishes articles covering basic science, clinical and experimental aspects of gastroenterology and digestive system. For journal scope and areas covered, please follow the webpage: https://jjgastro.com/journal-scope.html . All the published manuscripts are archived and available online at https://jjgastro.com/archive.html . Unique DOI is assigned for all manuscripts immediately after the publication for global recognition of author's work. In addition, the journal would allow free and unlimited access (open access) to the published material to attract more readers and increase the no. of citations. Published manuscripts are also promoted in different social and academia platforms for global coverage.

Manuscripts must be prepared in accordance to the guidelines mentioned in "International Committee of Medical Journal Editors". Summary of all such guidelines and all other information required for authors are available here. Authors are requested to follow these instructions while preparing the manuscript for submission to Journal of Gastroenterology Research and Practice.

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Journal follows 21 day review process and it all depends on availability of editors and reviewers. We start review process immediately after the submission to finish the review in time.

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Tables: Provide tables along with the legends at the end of the manuscript. If there are more than 4 tables, better provide them in new word or excel file. Tables should be consecutively numbered according to the order they appear in the manuscript. Table legends are must for all tables. There is no limit to the number of tables.

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Manuscript Preparation:

Prepare your manuscript in word file. Activate page and line numberings. Differentiate headings and side headings properly. Don't add content in headers and footers. All the supplementary files should be provided in separate files. Maintain unique font throughout the manuscript. Increase the font size for headings and side headings.

Your manuscript should contain these headings as they appear in the following order: Title, author names and affiliations, corresponding author information, keywords, abbreviations (if any), abstract, introduction, materials & methods, discussion, conclusion, conflicts of interest, funding sources, acknowledgments, funding, references, figures and tables.

This is the first page of your manuscript. It should contain article type (research/review/case report/clinical image/editorial/other) followed by the manuscript title. Manuscript title should be short and informative. Title should not exceed 75 characters. Don't include abbreviations in the title.

Short or running title should not exceed 50 characters.

Provide list of authors (Last name, First name and initials of middle name) along with the highest academic degree. Their departments and institutions must be attributed. Name, highest degree, current affiliation along with email id and phone number must be provided in corresponding author column.

Abstract page

Keywords: 5 to 8 keywords representing the main content of the manuscript in Keywords section.

Abbreviations: Provide abbreviations along with their full forms under this section.

Introduction

This section should contain the information related to background of your research, purpose, summary of the existing literature and contribution of your work to the existing research.

Materials and methods

This section should include the following: aim and design of your study, characteristics of the data/description of the materials used. Explain the processes, interventions and comparisons involved in your research.

Present the results of your study in text, tables and figures. Describe the most important findings first. Supplementary materials (if any) are published in appendix without disturbing the original manuscript. Do not duplicate the data in graphs and tables.

Conclude your manuscript by providing the importance of your research and its relevance.

Follow Vancouver (numbering style) for references. Reference formatting has different kinds based upon the number of authors or books or the Journal publications etc.,please follow the respective related reference formats:

Journal Article with less than 6 authors: Bonetti F, Pea M, Martignoni G, Zamboni G. PEC and sugar. Am J Surg Pathol. 1992; 16: 307-308.

Journal Article with more than 6 authors: Santi R, Franchi A, Villari D, Paglierani M, Pepi M, Danielli D, et al. Sclerosing variant of PEComa: report of a case and review of the literature. Histol Histopathol. 2012; 27: 1175-1181.

Book References: Gardner JG, Simmons MJ, Snustad PD. Principles of Genetics. 8th edn. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 2006.

Book Chapter: Honn KV, Tang DG, Chen Y. Adhesion molecules and site-specific metastasis. Neri Serneri SS, Gensini GF, Abbate R, Prisco D, editors. In: Thrombosis: An Update. Scientific Press. 1992; 269-303.

Link/URL: National Cancer Institute at National Institutes of Health. [Hyperlinked with www.cancer.gov]

Proceedings of a Conference: Gee JC, Joshi S, Pohl KM, Wells WM, Zollei L, editors. Information Processing in Medical Imaging. Proceedings of 23rd International Conference; 2013 June 28--July 3; CA, USA. New York: Springer, 2013.

PhD Theses/Dissertation: Simonneau A. Gold-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization Reactions through Activation of Alkynes [dissertation]. Springer Theses, 2014.

Datasets: Zheng LY, Guo XS, He B, Sun LJ, Peng Y, Dong SS, et al. Genome data from sweet and grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Giga Science. 2011.

Journal Article Epub ahead of print: Reardon DA, Wen PY. Targeted therapies: Further delineating bevacizumab's response spectrum. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2014 [In press].

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• At what stage in the research process were patients/the public first involved in the research and how?
• How were the research question(s) and outcome measures developed and informed by their priorities, experience, and preferences?
• How were patients/the public involved in the design of this study?
• How were they involved in the recruitment to and conduct of the study?
• Were they asked to assess the burden of the intervention and time required to participate in the research?
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Original research

• What is already known on this topic – summarise the state of scientific knowledge on this subject before you did your study and why this study needed to be done
• What this study adds – summarise what we now know as a result of this study that we did not know before
• How this study might affect research, practice or policy – summarise the implications of this study

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• Introduction - a brief clinical introduction to a case (maximum 200 words) followed by an image and a question designed to stimulate the reader to think about what the image shows. The legend should not indicate the diagnosis but should simply describe the nature of the image (e.g. 'endoscopic view of second part of duodenum').
• Answer - appears later in the issue (maximum 200 words) outlines a brief description of the key diagnostic features of the image, the outcome, and a teaching point. GI snapshots will not include more than 5 references.

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• v.19(3); 2021 Jul

Scientific Publishing in Biomedicine: How to Write a Cover Letter?

Zahra bahadoran.

1 Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Parvin Mirmiran

Khosrow kashfi.

2 Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, School of Medicine, City University of New York, New York, USA

Asghar Ghasemi

3 Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

A cover (covering) letter is a brief business letter introducing the scientific work alongside the submission process of a manuscript and is required by most scientific peer-review journals. A typical cover letter includes the name of the editor and the journal, date of submission, the characteristics of the manuscript, the importance of the work and its relevance to prospective audiences, declarations such as author agreements, conflicts of interest statement, funding source (s), and ethical statements. The letter also includes the contact information of the corresponding author (s) and may also include suggestions of potential reviewers. Spending enough time to draft an informative, comprehensive, and concise cover letter is quite worthwhile; a poorly drafted one would not persuade the editor that the submitted work is fit for publication and may lead to immediate rejection. Here, we provide a practical guide to draft a well-written, concise, and professional cover letter for a scientific medical paper.

The Cambridge dictionary defines a cover letter as “a letter that contains information about the thing it is sent with”. The cover letter is commonly known as a motivation letter submitted along with the curriculum vitae (CV) or a job application for employment ( 1 ) or academic position ( 2 ), and it is not clear why and how it was introduced into the scientific field ( 3 ). In scientific writing and publishing, a cover/covering letter is a letter to the editor’s target journal ( 4 ).

Providing a cover letter alongside the submission process is now required by most scientific journals. In fact, some high-quality and prestigious journals pay specific attention to the cover letter ( 3 ). Amongst the different steps of the publication process, the cover letter is the last step and is often overlooked ( 5 ). One of the most common complaints voiced by editors regarding submitted manuscripts is that the authors neglect to write a well-written cover letter, including a statement justifying the importance of their work ( 6 ). Missing this opportunity may have unintentional consequences, rejection without further consideration instead of being sent for external peer-review ( 5 , 6 ). Contrary to this view, some believe that the cover letter’s content overlaps with the manuscript’s abstract and gives mostly redundant information already found within the online submission system ( 3 ). The cover letter may also be a “misleading commercial advertisement” where it would not represent the content of the manuscript ( 3 ).

Although many editors may not read or seriously consider the cover letters of the submitted manuscripts ( 3 , 4 ), neglecting the importance of the cover letter may be a risk for the authors. Therefore, spending an adequate amount of time to write a coherent and persuasive cover letter is worth it. Following our previous publication on choosing a journal in a new series entitled Scientific Publishing in Biomedicine ( 7 ), here, we provided a practical guide to draft a well-written, professional, and concise cover letter needed to be accompanied by an original scientific paper, either with the initial submission or subsequently at revision/resubmitting stage. Since there are subtle differences in writing a cover letter for an original research paper versus a review article or an opinion, some points for drafting a cover letter for such papers are also discussed.

2. The Function of the Cover Letter

A cover letter is “a brief business letter”, which introduces the submitted manuscript to a prospective editor (s) ( 8 ). There are essentially two types of letters; the first is the one that is initially submitted with the manuscript (cover letter), and the second is when a revision is being submitted (revised letter). The first letter introduces the work at the initial manuscript submission ( 9 ), while the second one is needed following an invitation to revise and resubmit the manuscript. Here, the authors respond to the suggestions/criticisms of the reviewers ( 10 ). In this paper, “cover letter” and “second letter” refer to the first/submit letter and the revised letter, respectively.

A well-written cover letter is an effective tool for authors to sell their work to the journal editor and make a “good first impression”. A cover letter is a summary that highlights the main points, emphasizes the novelty, and communicates the potential implications of the submitted work ( 3 ). A cover letter allows the authors to persuade the editors regarding the novelty/originality and significance of the research in a less formal manner than in the manuscript itself ( 6 ). A well-written and informative cover letter helps the journal’s editor to be informed about the work and its significance. Regardless of the novelty and significance of the submitted manuscript, editors may miss those points without providing insights in a cover letter ( 5 ).

3. The Content of a Cover Letter

3.1. first cover letter (submit letter).

One point of view is that the cover letter’s content should be covered in the manuscript’s abstract ( 3 ). A typical cover letter includes the name of editor (s) and the journal, date of submission, the characteristics of the manuscript (i.e., title, type of the manuscript, e.g., review, original, case report), the importance of the work and its relevance to the readership of the journal, verification of the originality of the work, the authors’ confirmation that the manuscript is currently submitted only to this journal, declarations and ethical statements, suggested potential reviewers, and contact information of the corresponding author of the submitted work ( 5 , 6 ). Other manuscript characteristics, including the length and number of tables and figures, can also be indicated. If the manuscript belongs to a special issue or is being submitted upon an official invitation from the journal’s editorial office, it should also be addressed. The main contents of the first cover letter are described in Table 1 .

The most critical element of a cover letter is a “statement of novelty/significance/implication.” The authors are advised to carefully write a brief and concise description of their work’s impact toward communicating its significance ( 6 ). The authors are strongly advised not to copy the abstract into the cover letter and instead explain in their own words the significance of the work and the reason for submitting it to the journal ( 11 ). If this information is lacking, the editors may rely on the reviewers who may not appreciate the significance of the work and just focus on the technical issues rather than the scientific value of the work ( 5 ). Providing a clear and robust statement of novelty and significance would be more critical for editors and potential reviewers with diverse and interdisciplinary backgrounds ( 6 ).

The statements are expected to answer the following questions: (1) why is the work important? (e.g., emphasizing a new measurement, a new diagnostic method or criterion, a newly discovered biological process); and (2) how does the work advance current knowledge in the field? The best approach to answer this question is by describing the current state of knowledge in the field and clarifying how the work provides an added value by answering a previously unanswered question, finding the solution to a problem, or improving existing methods ( 5 ). Checking the recently published papers on similar topics in the journal provides new insights for the authors to clarify in the cover letter as to how the manuscript follows the publication trends of the journal and will add something new that would be relevant to the trend ( 12 ).

The cover letter is also expected to emphasize why the manuscript will attract the journal’s readers ( 5 ). The authors also need to consider the journal’s Aims and Scope to underscore how the manuscript would fit within the journal’s scope and attract potential readers ( 13 ). Instead of stating simply that the manuscript is “of interest to the field” or “novel,” the authors should address specific aspects of the journal’s Aims and Scope statement, e.g., “We believe that this manuscript is appropriate for publication by [journal name] since it… [reference to the journal’s aims and scope] ( 11 ).

For a review, opinion, or a trends paper, emphasizing the timeline and novelty is needed, as stated by Sacristán, the editor of trends in molecular medicine: “The synthesis and conceptual advance should be particularly stated in terms of what is new and has been trending in the field for the last one to five years”. She also recommends that the authors need to provide a future perspective beyond the main take-home message of the manuscript for a trends paper and take a strong and novel stance on a hypothesis or idea for a cover letter of an opinion manuscript ( 14 ).

The cover letter must contain some predefined statements, including the “author agreement” statement ( 13 ). An “author agreement” is a statement to confirm that “all authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript being submitted” ( 8 ). Furthermore, “the authors warrant that the manuscript is their original work, has not received prior publication and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere” ( 8 ). Some journals may request the corresponding author to confirm that he/she will take responsibility for informing co-authors of editorial decisions, reviews received, and any changes or revisions made; additionally, the editor (s) should be informed about any closely related manuscript (s) simultaneously submitted for consideration to the same or another journal ( 15 ). The authors also should declare if any part of the submitted work has been previously published elsewhere, even as an abstract ( 16 ); e.g., “there is some overlap in the content of the introduction section, which we have noted in the text”.

Depending on the journal’s policy, other statements, including “conflict of interest statement”, “funding source declarations”, and “permission note”, may also be required to be included in the cover letter ( 8 , 11 ). As indicated by Elsevier, a conflict of interest statement, known as a disclosure statement, is a declaration from the author that “there is no financial/personal interest or belief that could affect their objectivity”. The publisher emphasizes that the authors should declare and state the potential conflict’s source and nature in cases where a conflict of interest exists. A funding source declaration is defined by the publisher as “a declaration of any funding or research grants (and their sources) received in the course of study, research or assembly of the manuscript”. Elsevier also defines the permission note as a statement that declares that “permission has been received to use any material in the manuscript such as a figure, which is not original content” ( 8 , 17 ). Other statements like “Statement of English native editing” may also be added.

Furthermore, informing the editor (s) regarding any information that will support the submission (e.g., original or confirmatory data, supplementary materials, relevance, topicality) can be helpful ( 8 ). Other operational information, typically provided within checkboxes of the journal’s submission system, is not required to be included in the cover letter ( 5 ).

3.2. Second Cover Letter

The second cover letter, which accompanies the revised version of the manuscript, must be a model of clarity and must address every issue posed by the editor and reviewers ( 10 ). If the revised manuscript is sent for the second round of peer-review, the reviewer (s) will see the letter. The content of the header and footer sections of the revised letter is similar to that of the submitted cover letter. The letter should be directed to the editor as addressed in the first letter unless the authors are informed that a new editor will process the revised version ( 10 ). The first paragraph should start with an “expression of polite gratitude”, e.g., “we would like to thank you for the opportunity to revise and resubmit our manuscript.” The “manuscript ID” or “identification number,” usually assigned by the journal in the first submission, should be addressed in the first paragraph ( 10 ).

The second paragraph usually “signals attention to the reviewers’ comments” by providing an explicit reference to the comments made by the reviewers and the editor. Furthermore, it may contain a positive statement regarding the results, methodology, conclusions, etc., in which case the authors need to acknowledge reviews’ insights ( 10 , 18 ). For example, “We sincerely appreciate all the valuable comments and suggestions made, which helped us improve the revised version of our manuscript” or “we found the reviewers’ comments helpful in guiding us to revise the manuscript.” Such statements will help the authors in creating a polite, formal tone throughout the letter. The paragraph should be followed by providing the editor with a roadmap or a summary of the revisions, addressing “the response to comments attachment.” A point-by-point response to the specific comments of the reviewers must be provided. If the authors disagree with a point raised by a reviewer, a rebuttal or counterstatement may be in order. A scientific and polite approach should spell out why the authors disagree, never losing sight of the reviewer’s opinion ( 19 ).

The footer section (closing salutation) of the letter returns to polite formalities, using statements like “we hope that the revised version of our manuscript is now acceptable to the reviewers, and suitable for publication in the [name of journal], we look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience” ( 10 ).

4. Organization

Although it is not a rule, the cover letter’s content can be organized within a cover letter header (opening salutation), three main paragraphs (the body of cover letter), and a cover letter footer (closing salutation), as described in Table 1 .

The cover letter should be initiated by addressing the editor (s) and the target journal; however, the author’s affiliation and contact information may also be included at the top of page ( 4 ). The name of the editor (s) can be easily found on the journal’s information page. If it is known, the authors must address the editor who will receive the manuscript and handle the peer-review process ( 13 ). If there are several co-editors, the person the author feels has the most appropriate background, and specialty of the topic should be addressed. In cases where such information is lacking, authors can mention all editors by name or address the letter to “dear editors” ( 12 ); however, it has been recommended to avoid writing “dear editor” ( 16 ). Also, the submission date and the journal’s name where the manuscript will be submitted are required ( 13 ).

In the first paragraph of the cover letter body, to introduce the submitted work, the title and the type of manuscript, authors’ name, journal name, and manuscript length are presented ( 4 ). In addition, it is mentioned that whether the manuscript is submitted upon an invitation or belongs to a special issue. The importance of the study, including novelty, potential implications, and its take-home message, are addressed in the second paragraph of the cover letter body. In addition, it is explained why the work would be attractive for journal readers. The third paragraph of the cover letter body includes some statements including authorship agreement, conflicts of interest, funding source, and ethical considerations. If required, potential reviewers are also suggested here.

Within the closing salutation, the authors can appreciate the editor for taking the time to read the cover letter and considering the submitted work for potential publication.

5. Some Practical Tips: The Length, and Dos and Don’ts

The authors need to spend plenty of time crafting their cover letters. They are advised to avoid too many details and keep it within one page (less than 200 words), like an introduction or a brief overview ( 4 , 11 ). The authors should check the guide for authors and cover letter suggestions provided by the journal, including all the requirements, e.g., specific disclosures, statements, and potential reviewers. Some publishers (e.g., Springer, https://www.springer.com/gp/authors-editors/journal-author/cover-letters/1398, Taylor & Francis, https://authorservices.taylorandfrancis.com/publishing-your-research/making-your submission/writing-a-journal-article-cover-letter/) provide sample cover letters that the authors can use. Figure 1 provides a sample for a cover letter.

If the authors address previously published papers in the cover letter, then appropriate citation should be considered. The authors should carefully check the letter for any spelling and grammatical errors ( 11 , 20 ). They should make sure that they correctly spell the name of the journal’s editor (s) ( 4 ). Being careless regarding the editor’s name or the change of a journal’s name in a cover letter of a resubmitted manuscript, can be embarrassing and make a bad impression ( 4 ). It is suggested that the cover letter be written on the authors’ institutional letterhead to display professionalism and reliability ( 20 , 21 ).

5.2. Don’ts

When authors suggest a number of potential reviewers, they should avoid suggesting their friends and colleagues, as this would be viewed as a conflict of interest. Collaborators whom the authors have published with in the past five years should not be suggested either; an editor may easily be informed of such associations by a quick search of PubMed or other databases ( 22 ). The authors should avoid using complex sentence structures, jargon, and acronyms and keep the text straightforward and easy to read ( 11 , 20 ). The authors should also avoid including unrelated personal information or glorifying their past research papers or any of their academic accolades ( 20 ). They must not be rude towards the editors or complement the editor’s accomplishments ( 4 ). The novelty statement should not exaggerate or overstate the findings of the work; furthermore, any conclusion stated should be completely supported by the data provided in the manuscript ( 23 ). Finally, authors are recommended not to write a generic cover letter that could be used for any manuscript and could be sent to any journal ( 21 ).

6. Conclusion

In summary, a cover letter should highlight the novelty, importance, take-home message, and goodness-of-fit of the manuscript to the journal. These are critical information that can persuade an editor that the submitted work merits publication consideration in the journal. The cover letter should not be general but should be custom-written for the target journal. Although the submitted manuscript may usually pass through the peer-review process and get published regardless of the cover letter, a well-written, informative, and concise cover letter increases the chance of gaining acceptance.

Authors' Contribution: Study concept and design, Zahra Bahadoran and Asghar Ghasemi; Drafting of the manuscript, Zahra Bahadoran, Parvin Mirmiran, and Asghar Ghasemi; Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content, Khosrow Kashfi and Parvin Mirmiran.

Conflict of Interests: The authors have no conflict of interest.

Funding/Support: This study was supported by the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (grant number 28127).

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Manuscript Submission

Manuscript categories, manuscript submission checklist, processing time, publication charges, licensing and copyright.

Welcome and thank you for considering Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine to submit your work.

By submitting a manuscript to the journal, authors ensure that they strictly follow the guidelines and ethics of the journal.

Manuscripts must be submitted by one of the authors of the manuscript, through  online submission . If authors face any technical problem with online submission, they can send the article through an email attachment to the editorial office at  [email protected] . The submitting author takes responsibility for the article from submission until publication (during peer review and in-house process).

The documents of new manuscript submission should comprise of:

• Cover letter
• Manuscript file (Including title page, full manuscript body text, conflict of interest statement, funding information and references)
• Article table of contents mentioning all levels of headings
• All tables and table legends (in order of citation within the manuscript text)
• All figures and figure legends (in order of citation within the manuscript text)
• Supplementary materials (if any)
• The name and e-mail address of the contact author who will check the proof of the paper.

A Cover Letter that explains the main purpose of the work, must accompany the manuscript. It should explain the suitability of the manuscript to this particular journal based on topic, theme, and methodological or theoretical approach. It should briefly describe the research that is being reported in the paper, why it is important, and why the readership of the journal would be interested in it.

Authors may suggest 3-6 potential peer-reviewers for the manuscript, provided, they should not be the current collaborators and should not be the members of the same research institution. The suggested peer reviewers should not have published with any of the authors of the manuscript within the past five years. Suggested reviewers may be considered along with potential reviewers recommended by Sectional Editors.

Once the manuscript is modified/corrected according to the reviewer’s suggestions and finally approved for publication, there will be no further opportunity to edit it. Any essential changes after this point will be published as corrigenda. After acceptance of the article and before its publication, corresponding author must sign a  License to Publish Form . Our editorial staff will respond to any submission inquiry within two working days. On publication of the article, all authors of the manuscript will receive a web link, which directs to the published article on the Journal website.

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine requires authors to carefully choose the appropriate article type for their manuscript.

• Research Article
• Case Report
• Review Article
• Mini Review Article
• Conference Proceedings
• Short Communication
• Book Review
• Letter to the Editor
• Commentaries and Opinions

1. Research Article: A Research article reports the new results of original scientific research within the journal’s scope. Research papers deal with its subject in depth. Generally these papers are expected to include Title, Abstract, Keywords, Background/Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results and Discussion, Conclusions, List of abbreviations used (if any), Competing interests (if any), Authors' contributions, Authors' information, Acknowledgements, Funding, Endnotes (if any), References, Illustrations and figures (if any), Tables and captions (if any), and Additional supplementary files (if any). Papers that are exclusively methodological or that the editors of the journal present models or hypothesis unsupported by original data are not acceptable. Research papers are generally expected to include 3000 – 6000 words excluding abstract and references. 2. Case report:  A case report is the descriptive study of a single individual (case report) or small group (case series) that includes signs, symptoms, diagnostic studies, treatment course and outcome. Case reports often describe unique cases that show an unexpected variation of a disease or condition and that cannot be explained by known diseases or syndromes. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine gives priority to cases with clinical significance. A case report is generally of one or two pages in length. 3. Editorial:  An editorial is a brief article, written by editors, associate editors, assistant editors, or invited guests, that expresses views on the current topical issue. These are generally of one page in length. 4. Review Article:  A review article accumulates and summarizes the results of many different articles on a particular topic and re-presents previously published literature, rather than reporting new facts or analysis. They generally provide a recent review of the subject matter. All review articles undergo the same peer-review and editorial process as original research reports. Review articles must include an abstract of 100-200 words and a maximum of 100 references. There is no required page limit for a review article. 5. Mini-Review Article:  It is similar to that of review article except in terms of word limit & References. The word limit of mini-review article is 1500-2000 words and it can include a maximum of 50 references. 6. Conference Proceedings:  Conference Proceedings are the short summaries of findings presented at many important Scientific Meetings, International Conferences, Seminars, Congresses and Scientific Events around the world. They provide an early picture of current research that is likely to appear later as a published article in any journal. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine enables fast dissemination of conference papers in dedicated online issues and offers authors, institutions and conference organizers a fast and cost-effective way to provide maximum online exposure for their papers. 7. Corrigendum:  Corrigenda are published to correct any significant errors within the text of an earlier published article. The title of the manuscript is read as ‘Corrigendum to "TITLE" published in JOURNAL, VOLUME, PAGES, YEAR’. Corrigenda discuss errors of only preceding papers and not the errors of the corresponding discussion paper. 8. Short Communication: Short Communication is a concise research article that aims to present new ideas, recent advances and key points that will have a major impact on gastroenterology. It has a strong limitation on the size of the paper and are generally limited to 4,000 words, and may also include the abstract, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, references and figure legends. Short communications may also report the research that extends previously published research article, including the reporting of additional controls, confirmatory results etc. Authors must clearly acknowledge any published work upon which they are building.  9. Book Review:  Book review is a critique of a book in which book is analyzed based on its content, merit and style. The title of the paper is read as “Book Review on: title”. A book review contains fewer than 1000 words. 10. Letter to the editor:  Letter to the Editor is submitted to the Editor of Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine through the online submission system. It is intended for raising or clarifying issues of specific interest to the scientific community. It is expected to provide substantive comments on papers published in the Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine, in the six months prior to the submission of a letter. It also shares opinions or comments on the subjects that are of broad interest to the gastroenterology research community. If appropriate, both the letter and a reply are published together. Unpublished data is not permitted to be included in a letter to the editor. Letter to the editor will be reviewed prior to acceptance. Letters are limited to one published page and must include up to 10 references. 11. Commentaries and Opinions (1000-1500 words):  Commentaries accompany the published literature. They may be written either on one's own paper or on someone's work, providing insight, interpretation and evaluation of specific issues within the scope of the journal. Commentaries explain the implications of the article and put it in context. Commentaries submitted to this journal should describe the most important conclusions of the paper they are commenting on, highlight controversial issues, if relevant mention the strengths and weaknesses of the paper, highlight the presenter's omission of key facts and mention supporting arguments that would create a stronger presentation. The title of the manuscript must read as “Commentary: Title of the original article”. Commentaries on a paper must be written only after constructively analyzing the entire piece of literature. Rebuttals may be submitted in response to commentaries. Commentaries have no set format beyond the basic building blocks of a regular article i.e., title, manuscript text, subheadings as needed, references, and author information. The journal is looking to encourage active discussion and communication among readers, authors and editorial board members with an aim to continue publishing interesting and informative Commentary articles. Opinions are also welcome as long as they are factually based.

• Manuscripts must be prepared in a clear font (12 pt) and the text must be double-spaced.
• Title Page:  The title page should contain the  title  of the paper, the  author's name , and the  institutional affiliation . The title should not have more than 12 words and it should not contain abbreviations or words that serve no purpose. Author's name includes first name, middle initial(s), and last name. Do not use titles (Dr.) or degrees (Ph.D.). All the authors must meet the authorship criteria. Institutional affiliation should indicate the location where the author(s) conducted the research.
• Abstract:  An abstract summarizes the paper describing the scope of the investigation, results obtained and major conclusions. An abstract should contain a minimum of 150 words and a maximum of 250 words.
• Keywords:  Keywords can be taken from the title and abstract. Keywords should not be less than six.
• Text:  Type the text double-spaced with all sections following each other without a break. Avoid poetic language and rhyming schemes. Use simple, descriptive adjectives and plain language that does not risk confusing your meaning. Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list; likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text. In the text, reference numbers are given in superscript.
• Example for Reference Citations in Text:   The author has discussed the implications of these proposals on the National Health Service in another paper 1 . Other writers have commented on related issues, notably Lane 2,3  and Lewis 4 .
• Acknowledgment:  Acknowledgment, including financial supports along with the numbers of grants and funding information, should be stated after results and discussion part of the text.
• A Conflict of Interest statement is included in the main manuscript file and appears before the reference listing.
• Tables:  Number all tables sequentially as you refer to them in the text (Table 1, Table 2, etc.). Label tables with an Arabic numeral and provide a title. The label and title appear on separate lines above the table. Title of the table is written in italics. Cite the source of the table in a note below the table. Include an explanation of every abbreviation and special symbol (except the standard statistical symbols and abbreviations). To indicate specific notes, use superscript lowercase letters (e.g.  a ,  b ,  c ), and order the superscripts from left to right, top to bottom. Each table’s first footnote must be the superscript  a .
• Figures:  Number your figures consecutively as they are referenced in the text. If a figure has multiple panels, refer to parts of the figure as ( a ), ( b ), ( c ), etc. Label figures with an Arabic numeral and provides a title. The label and the title appear on the same line below the figure. The label must be in italics i.e., Figure x . Title of the figure must be in sentence case. If the figure has a title in the image, crop it. The text in a figure should be in a san serif font (such as Helvetica, Arial, or Futura). The font size must be between eight and fourteen points. Follow the title with a legend that explains the symbols in the figure and a caption that explains the figure. Cite the source below the label and the title.
• Standard Format for Journal Articles: Author Surname Initials. Title of article. Title of journal, abbreviated. Date of Publication; Volume Number(Issue Number): Page Numbers.
• Standard Format for Books: Author Surname Initials. Title: subtitle. Edition (if not the first). Place of publication: Publisher; Year.
• Standard Format for Websites: Author Surname Initials (if available). Title of Website [Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher; Date of First Publication [Date of last update; cited date]. Available from: URL

Average manuscript life cycle at Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine:

• Rejection without Peer-review: less than one week
• Peer-review process: less than two weeks
• Revision of manuscript by the author: less than two weeks
• Re-review of the corrected manuscript: less than one week

The average time is taken for the manuscript to appear Online: Four to Five Weeks

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine is an open access journal. In the open access publishing model, publication is considered as the last phase of the research process and the publication fee of an article is paid from the author's research budget, or by the grants of their supporting institution. The publication fee covers the entire cost of the process of publication which includes

• Peer-review management by the editorial staff and board
• Preparation of manuscript in various formats for online publication
• Hosting, Archiving and Maintaining the manuscript
• Manuscript preparation such as copyediting, formatting, adjusting the layout
• Developing and maintaining electronic tools for peer review and publication
• Immediate, worldwide open access to the full article text

Publishing an article in the Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine requires Article Processing Charges of 950 USD  that will be billed to the submitting author after the acceptance of an article for publication. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine provides a waiver to authors belonging to Low-income economies or Lower-middle-income economies (As per the  classification of countries  given by the World Bank as of July 2015).  Note:  These publication charges are applicable to invited authors also.

Science has always been an international pursuit. The Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine is committed to using modern communication methods such as video files, spoken audio files, audio files synchronized with a text Web page, and flash multimedia for conveying the scholarly content. Authors can create and submit review articles, research articles, experimental techniques, case reports, anatomic overviews, and more in a visual format.  

All multimedia articles submitted to the Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine are peer-reviewed as part of the mainstream submission process and all published multimedia articles are accessible through the journal or through YouTube. The new mechanism allows videos to be cited in the same way as a written article in a traditional open access publication. Every multimedia article published in Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine will have an open discussion forum freely accessible to anyone.

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine maintains certain standards for all multimedia files it publishes. The journal accepts playable multimedia files with the following file extensions:

Audio:   .aiff, .au, .midi, .mov, .mp3, .ra, .wav Video:  .asf, and .wma, avi, .gif, .mov

The author must include all the details of multimedia files such as size, type of the player etc. in a separate document. The authors must check for the following criteria before submitting their multimedia files so that they reach the widest possible audience.

• Is it compatible with commonly used browsers and mobile devices?
• Is the audio clear and easy to hear, especially the voices?
• Is the picture focused with sufficient lighting?
• Is the video clear and camera work steady?
• Are images of sufficient quality and adequately captioned?

Online publication of multimedia articles opens up a whole new form of learning and the sharing of knowledge can occur even faster

The Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine publishes all its articles under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) License which permits use, distribution and reproduction of the information in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal an exclusive license to publish.

Copyright aims to protect the specific way the article has been written to describe an experiment and the results. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary Medicine is committed to its authors to protect and defend their work and their reputation and takes allegations of infringement, plagiarism, ethic disputes and fraud very seriously. Copyright on any research article is retained by the author(s). Authors grant the journal a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.

Author Guidelines

At the time of submission, during the review process and till a formal answer by the Editor of the Annals of Gastroenterology (referred to as “the Journal” hereafter) the manuscript should not be under consideration for publication by any other scientific journal or book. In contrast, content of submitted or published manuscripts may be presented in any congress before or after submission, if allowed so by the congress organizers. Moreover, as soon as no legal or ethical issues exist at the time of submission or arise later, the Journal may consider to review manuscripts that are identical or similar to work already available online as a preprint and / or already assigned a digital object identifier (doi), but is not under consideration for official, final publication any more.

As part of the review process, text in all versions of submitted manuscripts is scanned for plagiarism. If duplicate content or plagiarism (over a reasonable cut-off) are detected, the Editor of the Journal will formally request an explanation by the corresponding Author, if not proactively provided. The Editor may consider such explanations satisfactory or may abort the manuscript with a letter carbon-copied to all the authors.

Ethical Considerations

It is the Corresponding Author’s responsibility to ensure that each person listed as an author has contributed to the study to a significant extent. A detailed description of each author’s contribution is not to be submitted. Persons with a lower degree of involvement in the study may be acknowledged. Individuals who provide writing assistance and the funding source for this may be included in the “Acknowledgements” section.

Authors may be added in revised versions of the manuscript, as long as revisions requested were addressed with extra work on experiments, statistics or analysis and this task was undertaken by an individual not included in the previous Authors’ list. The Editor of the Journal requires full transparency when new Authors are added. Hence, their contribution should be analyzed in the response to the Editor or to the Reviewers.

The Journal, its Editor, Associate Editors, Section Editors, Reviewers and Publisher declare no responsibility on authorship disputes. Authorship declined by an author after submission of a manuscript is expected to be reasoned in writing and should infer no concerns on the validity of the paper. If the latter is not true, the Editor will abort the manuscript.

Content validity

Although the Editor and the Reviewers make every effort to ensure the validity of published manuscripts, the final responsibility rests with the Corresponding, the First and the rest of the Authors, but not with the Journal, its Editor, Section Editors, Reviewers or Publisher.

The Journal takes for granted that research on

• humans was carried out in accordance with the latest update of the Declaration of Helsinki ( https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/ ),
• health databases and biobanks abided to the latest update of the Declaration of Taipei ( https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-taipei-on-ethical-considerations-regarding-health-databases-and-biobanks/ ) and
• clinical trials was compliant to the Clinical Trials Regulation by the European Medicines Agency ( https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32014R0536 ) or regulations by the United States Food and Drug Administration ( https://www.fda.gov/science-research/clinical-trials-and-human-subject-protection/regulations-good-clinical-practice-and-clinical-trials ), depending on where research took place.

Beyond international directives, clinical trials and collection of demographic and health data must have been approved by the ethics committee of the institution research was carried into and there should be such a statement in the “Materials and Methods” section of the manuscript. Additional regulations required by the institution each author is affiliated should be also observed. The same applies to local and national laws.

Privacy and Informed Consent

We are stringent on the Authors’ responsibility to ensure patients’ anonymity and to verify that any experimental investigation with human subjects was performed after written, informed consent that can be revoked at any time. Special care should be taken so that any evidence compromising patients’ anonymity- like, but not limited to first name, last name, initials, social security number, hospital numbers, pedigrees, photographs showing face, tattoos, unusual body deformities- does not appear in any document submitted to the Journal. If for any reason such information needs to be included in the paper, informed consent for this purpose is needed after demonstrating the manuscript to be published to the patient.

For animal experimentation, it is expected that investigators will have observed the United Sates Animal Welfare Act ( https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_welfare/downloads/awa/awa.pdf ) and Regulations ( https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-9 ). Approval by local Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees (IACUC) should have been obtained and relevant rules should have been observed. In addition, all animal studies must have been approved by the local Institutional Review Board (IRB) and carried out in line with national regulations and laws.

In the Materials and Methods Section, authors should clearly reason the necessity to use animals versus alternative research approaches and their strategy to reduce the number of animals sacrificed.

Conflicts of Interest and Funding

Authors are responsible for recognizing and disclosing all financial and other conflicts of interest that might bias their work. Public trust in the peer review process and the credibility of published articles depend on how well conflict of interest is handled during writing, peer review and editorial decision making. Conflict of interest exists when an author (or the author's institution), reviewer or editor has financial or personal relationships that inappropriately influence (bias) his or her actions and decisions. Examples are: dual commitments, competing interests or loyalties. However, conflicts can occur for other reasons, such as personal relationships, academic competition and intellectual passion.

These relationships range in a spectrum from those with negligible potential to those with great potential to influence judgment. Not all relationships represent true conflict of interest. The potential for conflict of interest may exist whether or not an individual believes that the relationship affects his or her scientific judgment. Disclosing every possible conflict of interest is the most fruitful way to enhance the validity and credibility of a study.

Authors should also acknowledge in the manuscript all financial direct or indirect support for the study. Employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria and paid expert testimony are the most easily identifiable conflicts of interest and the most likely to undermine the credibility of the study and, hence, the authors, the Journal and science itself. Full disclosure of the aforementioned is also required.

Manuscripts are accepted for publication on the understanding that, in case of acceptance, the copyright remains with the authors and the article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 (CC BY-ND 4.0) International Public License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0 ). This permits redistribution of published material, commercially or non-commercially, but does not allow any changes (no derivatives) of the original work. Content must be shared in its entirety, while crediting the original creator with a proper citation It does not allow anyone to expand upon the original content or remix it.

Manuscripts Considered for Publication

The Journal will consider for publication manuscripts on clinical and/ or basic research on Gastroenterology and Hepatology, including medical and surgical management. Manuscripts should abide to the “Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals” by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. The complete document appears at https://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf .

The Journal publishes the following types of papers:

• Original articles
• Meta-Analyses
• Literature Reviews by invitation or spontaneous submission
• Guidelines of Medical Associations
• Letters to the Editor commenting on Articles published in the Journal within 4 weeks from publication (to be forwarded to the Authors of the Article with the option to reply)
• Letter in Reply
• Editorials by invitation only

Manuscript Formats

Manuscripts must by typewritten and double spaced. They should include the following sections, each one starting on a separate page:

The title page should include the following:

• complete manuscript title (avoid using abbreviations),
• running head (short title),
• full names of Authors, followed by sequential numbers in superscript denoting his/ her affiliation,
• each number (in superscript) followed by the department and institution it corresponds to,
• full name, doctoral degree(s), departmental address and email of the Corresponding Author,
• conflict of interest disclosure and
• declaration of funding sources.

Abstract and Keywords

An abstract of no more than 250 words is required. For Original Articles it should be structured as follows: Background, Methods, Results, Conclusion. For Reviews, Guidelines and Meta-Analyses it should be non-structured. Avoid using abbreviations. If used, each abbreviation should be defined at first mention, unless it is a standard unit of measurement.

Three to 5 keywords should be listed next.

Letters to the Editor, Letters in Reply and Editorials should not have an abstract or keywords.

The maximum length of the main text is 5,000 words for Reviews, 3,500 for Original Articles, 1500 for Editorials, and 300 for Letters to the Editor or in Reply.

Original Articles should be structured into the following sections: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgements, Summary Box, References, Tables, Figure legends, Figures, Supplemental data. For other kinds of submissions, Authors may deviate from the “Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion” part of the structure in a way they judge optimal.

A list of abbreviations is not required, but each abbreviation should be defined at first mention, even if it has been explained in the abstract. The same is true for abbreviations in Table footnotes and Figure Legends. Do not define abbreviations for standard units of measurement.

Introduction

State the objectives of the study and provide an adequate, focused- but not lengthy- background, avoiding detailed review of the literature. Avoid overlap with the following sections.

Materials and Methods

Methods should be detailed enough for reviewers to assess the quality of the study design and for independent researchers to reproduce the study. Reliability and reproducibility of reported results rely on solid methodology.

The Journal supports uniform reporting. Authors should report

• randomized, controlled trials according to the “Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials” (CONSORT) guidelines ( http://www.consort-statement.org ),
• observational studies in line with “STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology” (STROBE) statement ( http://www.strobe-statement.org ),
• diagnostic accuracy studies following the “Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy” (STARD) ( http://www.stard-statement.org ) and
• systematic reviews and meta-analyses adhering to the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses” (PRISMA) statement ( http://www.prisma-statement.org ).

For clinical trials and collection of demographic and health data, a statement that they were approved by the ethics committee of the institution research was carried into is required. If animals were used, authors should also clearly reason the necessity to use animals versus alternative research approaches and analyze their strategy to reduce the number of animals sacrificed. A statement that animal use was approved by the local IACUC (if there is one in place) and the local IRB is also required.

Statistics used to draw conclusions should adhere to the “Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals” ( https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21808590 ). Description of statistical methods should be detailed enough to enable a knowledgeable reader with access to the original data to verify the reported results. Quantitative findings should be presented with the appropriate measure of central tendency and dispersion relevant to data distribution. Relying solely on statistical hypothesis testing (p values) to draw conclusions fails to convey information on effect size. Abbreviations of statistical terms and symbols should be also defined at first use, just like any other abbreviation. Computer software and version used for statistics should be also reported.

Results should be presented with precision, but please limit statistics reported in these leading to meaningful conclusions, do not duplicate information contained in tables and figures and do not discuss their importance.

Discussion should be relevant to the results of the study; please do not provide a general overview of the topic. We encourage comparing results to these of similar studies and analyzing the weak and the strong points of the study.

A paragraph with conclusions and future perspectives should end the text.

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements should be made only to those who have made a substantial contribution to the study. Authors are responsible for obtaining written permission from people acknowledged by name in case readers infer their endorsement of data and conclusions.

Summary Box

For Original Articles a summary box is required to summarize the reasons to conduct the study and to denote the novel findings. The following 2 sections are required:

• What is already known about this subject: 3-4 bullet points
• What are the new findings: 3-4 bullet points

References should be numbered in Arabic numerals (N) followed by a dot, e.g. "5. ", in same order they appear in the text. Individuals should be cited with full last name (or names separated by “-”) first with the first letter only capitalized and then with the the initial(s) of their first name(s) in capitals without dot(s). Multiple individuals should be separated by commas. If they are 7 or more, please list only the first 3 and then, instead of a fourth, type “et al”. End page of references should be written in full. Unpublished data or personal communications should be referenced in the text only followed by “(Unpublished observations)” or "(Personal communication)", respectively. All other information, including websites, should be in the list of references. The maximum number of references is 100 for Reviews, 50 for Original articles, 20 for Editorials and 10 for Letters to the Editor.

Format specific types of references as follows. However, references in figures and tables may be in the format "Author's Last Name et al X , Year", with X representing the reference number:

Journal papers

N. Author(s). Title of the paper. Journal abbreviation  Year of Publication; Volume :Start page-End page.

1. Rokkas T, Rokka A, Portincasa P. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the role of Helicobacter pylori eradication in preventing gastric cancer. Ann Gastroenterol 2017; 30 :414-423.

N. Book author(s). Book title. (Editor, )Volume X, Yth edition, Publisher, City, Year of Publication, Relevant start page-end page.

2. Sleisenger MH, Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ. Sleisenger and Fordtran's gastrointestinal and liver disease: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, management. 10th edition, Volume 1, Saunders/Elsevier, Philadelphia, 2010, 318-320.

Book chapter

N. Chapter authors). Title of the chapter. In: Title of the Book. (Editor(s), )Volume X, Yth edition, Publisher, City, Year of Publication, Start page-end page.

3. Sands B, Siegel C. Crohn’s Disease. In: Sleisenger MH, Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ. Sleisenger and Fordtran's gastrointestinal and liver disease: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, management. 10 th edition, Volume 1, Saunders/Elsevier, Philadelphia, 2010, 1990-2022.

N. Author. Thesis: Title. University, Department. Year. Available from: url.

4. Valatas V. Thesis: Isolation and physiological role of liver sinusoidal cells. University of Crete, Department of Medicine. 2003. Available from: https://www.didaktorika.gr/eadd/handle/10442/15831.

Web page - Online multimedia/ database/ audiovisual material/ podcast - Software

N. Author(s) or Creator(s) or Director(s) or Discussor(s) or  Moderator(s) or Programmer(s). Organization or Publisher or Distributor. Title (, version X for software). Name of the database. Year. Available from: url [Accessed on Date].

5. Messmann H, Ebigbo A, Probst A, Arvanitakis M, Webster G. ESGE. Live endoscopy series: Endoscopic management of ampullary and non-ampullary duodenal tumors. ESGE webinar series. 2022. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XeY573rduyE [Accessed on 30 June 2022].

Congress/ Conference paper

N. Author(s). Title of the paper. Conference Name Year: Conference or Congress Location. Date(s) of the Conference or Congress.  Publisher Year of Publication; Volume (issue):Start page-End page.

6. Sentsova T, Vorozhko I, Chernyak O, Revyakina V, Timopheeva A, Donnikov A. Tgfβ1 level is associated with VDR gene polymorphism in children with allergy diseases. XXIV World Allergy Congress 2015: Seoul, Korea. 14-17 October 2015. World Allergy Organ J 2016; 9 (suppl 1):14.

 For the users of Endnote, an output reference style file for the Journal can be downloaded from Annals of Gastroenterology Endnote style  and pasted into …\Program Files (x86)\EndNote [version]\Styles\.

Tables and Figures

The maximum cumulative number of tables and figures in Original Articles and Letters to the Editor is 6 and 1 respectively. For Reviews and Meta-Analyses the cumulative number of tables and figures should be maximum 6 and minimum 4.

Each table should be typewritten in a separate page and numbered in consecutive Arabic numerals (N). It should have a title starting with “ Table N. ” and after that a short and concise title (not in bold). Lines should be double-spaced. Vertical and horizontal lines should be limited to a minimum number. Explanatory material should be in footnotes and any non-standard abbreviation should be explained (once more even if it has been explained in the text). If data from another published or unpublished source are used, obtain permission and acknowledge fully.

Figure Legends

A figure legend should start with " Figure N. " and contain sufficient information to make the series of figures and figure legends a stand-alone, comprehensible story, without the reader having to refer to the text. Key all the legends together in a separate page.

Each figure should be submitted as a separate file of JPEG or TIFF format with a resolution of at least 300 dots per inch (dpi) and numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals. In case of micrographs superimposing a scale bar is preferred over a magnification factor in the figure legend.

In case of an individual’s photograph, either s/he must not be identifiable by any means or written permission by the individual or his / her legal guardian for use of the photograph must accompany the manuscript. For more details see the “Privacy and Informed Consent” section.

If a figure has been published previously, acknowledge the original source and submit written permission from the copyright holder to reproduce it.

The Editors could reward the authors by publishing each month the best figure in color free of charge on the cover page.

Supplemental materials

Submissions may be accompanied by supplemental material, such as videos, additional tables or figures. Videos should be in MOV, AVI or MPEG format. Such material will be posted to the electronic version of the manuscript as is. It is also subject to peer review.

Manuscript Process and Review

Submission to Annals of Gastroenterology proceeds totally on-line at http://www.annalsgastro.gr/index.php/annalsgastro/submission/wizard . Online registration for first-time users is required to obtain a Username and Password. The submission platform is generic; thus, a manuscript may be successfully submitted even if it does not abide to the aforementioned manuscript formats. In such cases, a rejection notice without any review process is to be expected within the next few days. Authors will be able to track the progress of the manuscript through the online system.

Cover Letter

A submission cover letter to the Editor should accompany the manuscript. It should contain a statement by the authors that:

• The manuscript has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract in a congress) and is not under consideration (in whole or in part) for publication elsewhere.
• The manuscript is approved by all Authors.
• In case of acceptance, the copyright remains with the authors and the article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 (CC BY-ND 4.0) International Public License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0 ).

Review Process

Each manuscript submitted to the Journal is first evaluated by the Editor or an Associate Editor and assigned to an appropriate Section Editor with expertise in the field. The Section Editor initially evaluates the manuscript’s appropriateness and competitivity for publication in the Journal and initiates a rigorous review process by addressing to 2-4 reviewers who are also experts in the field. Thus, about 4-6 experts go through all the manuscripts before they are accepted for publication.

The reviewers remain anonymous, treat the manuscript and relevant communications as confidential and provide comments to the editor and the authors.

An initial response to the authors should be awaited within 3-4 weeks after submission.

The Journal does not charge any fees for submission, processing or publication of the manuscripts.

Galley Proofs

As soon as a manuscript has been edited and typeset, a copy of the galley proof will be sent to the Corresponding Author. Timely correction by the latter is anticipated to secure a speedy publication of the manuscript. At this stage, only minor corrections of the manuscript are allowed.

Editorial Office Contact Data

The Editor,

Annals of Gastroenterology,

67, Demokratias Avn,

E-mail: [email protected]

Telephone: +30-2106727533

Fax: +30-2106727535

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How to write a cover letter for journal submission

Download our cover letter template.

When you submit your article to a journal, you often need to include a cover letter. This is a great opportunity to highlight to the journal editor what makes your research new and important. The cover letter should explain why your work is perfect for their journal and why it will be of interest to the journal’s readers.

When writing for publication, a well-written cover letter can help your paper reach the next stage of the manuscript submission process – being sent out for  peer review . So it’s worth spending time thinking about how to write a cover letter to the journal editor, to make sure it’s going to be effective.

To help you, we’ve put together a guide to explain how to write a cover letter for journal article submission. You will receive cover letter instructions of what you should include and what you shouldn’t, and a word template cover letter.

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What should my cover letter include?

Before you start to write, please check the  instructions for authors  (IFAs) of your chosen journal, as not all journals will require one. You should also check the IFAs for any journal specific information on what to include. This may include a list of relevant articles written by you or your co-authors that have been or are currently being considered for publication in other journals.

Key points to include in your letter to the editor:

Editor’s name (you can usually find this on the journal page on  Taylor & Francis Online ).

Your manuscript’s title.

Name of the journal you are submitting to.

Statement that your paper has not been previously published and is not currently under consideration by another journal.

Brief description of the research you are reporting in your paper, why it is important, and why you think the readers of the journal would be interested in it.

Contact information for you and any  co-authors .

Confirmation that you have no  competing interests  to disclose.

Things to avoid:

Don’t copy your abstract into your cover letter, instead explain in your own words the significance of the work, the problem that is being addressed, and why the manuscript belongs in the journal.

Don’t use too much jargon or too many acronyms, keep language straightforward and easy to read.

Avoid too much detail – keep your cover letter to a maximum of one page, as an introduction and brief overview.

Avoid any spelling and grammar errors and ensure your letter is thoroughly proofed before submitting.

Click to enlarge your PDF on key information to include in your cover letter .

Cover letter template

If you need further help to write a cover letter for a journal, you can download and use our sample template as a guide.

You might find that the submission system for your chosen journal requires your cover letter to be submitted into a text box rather than as a separate document, but it is still a good idea to write a draft first to make sure you have included everything.

Always make sure to check the journal’s  instructions for authors  for any specific additional information to include.

Submission ready

Use our submission checklist  to make sure you’ve included everything you need to.

If you need more guidance, take a look at our other  information and resources to help you make your submission .

Rapid constructive feedback

Consider the Taylor & Francis Rapid Technical Review service to help you meet your deadline, through peer-review-like comments on your manuscript.

Related resources

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Guide to improve your submission experience

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Submission guidelines

Aims and scope, prerequisites for publication, disclosed potential conflict of interest, human rights, informed consent, manuscript submission, types of papers, text formatting, main documents, electronic supplementary material:, ethical responsibilities of authors, authorship principles.

Open Choice

Open access publishing

• Mistakes to avoid during manuscript preparation

Instructions to Authors

The journal publishes Case Reports and Clinical Reviews on all aspects of the digestive tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Critical Case Reports that show originality or have educational implications for diagnosis and treatment are especially encouraged for submission. Personal reviews of clinical gastroenterology are also welcomed. The journal aims for quick publication of such critical Case Reports and Clinical Reviews.

The editors of the Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology abide by the recommendations formulated by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (http://www.icmje.org/). A Certificate of Exclusive Submission and Disclosure of Conflict of Interest, available online at http://www.springer.com/12328, must be submitted to the journal’s editorial office by uploading it as a PDF via Editorial Manager.

The author must guarantee that the manuscript has not been published elsewhere in any language. This includes manuscripts by other research groups with the same theme.

The Disclosure Form, available online (http://www.springer.com/12328), must be uploaded at the time of submission. When your manuscript is accepted for publication, all the statements in the Disclosure Form (Conflict of Interest, Human Rights, and Informed Consent) will be inserted between the Acknowledgement and Reference section in the article.

The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the above-mentioned requirements. The author will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.

IMPORTANT: Upon receipt of a Certificate of Exclusive Submission and Disclosure of Conflict of Interest with all of the authors’ signatures and Disclosure Form, manuscripts are officially recognized as submissions.

CJG Certification and COI Disclosure Form (Download pdf, 449 kB)

When submitting a manuscript to the Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology, all authors are required to disclose any financial relationship within the last 3 years with biotechnology manufacturer, a pharmaceutical company, or other commercial entity that has any interest in the subject matter, materials, or process(es) discussed in the manuscript.

The matters requiring disclosure are outlined in the JSGE Conflict of Interest Policy, available online at JSGE Conflict of Interest Policy

If you, your spouse, or other immediate family member has any of the listed relationships with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject matter in your manuscript, please refer to the JSGE's definition of potential conflicts of interest that must be disclosed.

The Japanese Society of Gastroenterology (JSGE) Conflict of Interest Policy

Studies involving human subjects must include a statement to the effect that all human studies have been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. If there is any doubt as to whether the research was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration, the authors must explain the rationale for their approach.

This statement should be declared in the Disclosure Form and submitted with your manuscript.

It should be stated clearly in the text that all subjects gave their informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study. Personally identifiable information on patients or human subjects, including names, initials, addresses, admission dates, hospital numbers, or any other data that might identify patients should not be published in written descriptions, photographs, or histories unless the information is essential for scientific purposes and the patient (or parent / guardian) gives written informed consent for publication. This statement should be declared in the Disclosure Form and submitted with your manuscript. If your manuscript is a Clinical Review and does not apply to obtaining Informed Consent, the following sentence should be added in the Disclosure Form.

• This study does not contain identifying information of the patients.

If consent cannot be obtained because the patient is dead, the authors must seek permission from a relative. If the patient (or parent / guardian) cannot be traced, then publication will only be possible if the information can be sufficiently anonymized and with the editor’s consent.

If any identifiable information concerning patients is included in the article, the following sentence should also be included in the relevant section of the Disclosure Form:

• Additional informed consent was obtained from all patients for which identifying information is included in this article.

Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before; that it is not under consideration for publication anywhere else; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – at the institute where the work has been carried out. The publisher will not be held legally responsible should there be any claims for compensation.

• Permissions

Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format. (and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers.)

Corresponding authors should submit their manuscripts online (http://www.editorialmanager.com/cjge/) to facilitate even quicker and more efficient processing. Please note that all correspondence, including proofs for checking and offprint orders, will be sent to the email address of the submitting account via Editorial Manager.

Electronic submission substantially reduces the editorial processing and reviewing time and shortens overall publication time. In case you encounter any difficulties while submitting your manuscript online, click on the Get Help Now icon in the upper right corner of your screen.

• Author Accounts

Authors entering the journal’s Editorial Manager site can either create a new account or use an existing one. If you already have an account, use it for all your submissions; you can track their status on the same page. If you have forgotten your user ID or password, please enter your mail address in Password Help. You will then receive an automatic e-mail with your user ID and password. Alternatively, please create a new account and then follow the instructions given on the screen.

• Getting Started

Once you have logged into your account, Editorial Manager will lead you through the submission process in an orderly, step-by-step process. If you cannot finish your submission in one visit, you can save a draft and re-enter the process later at the same point for that manuscript. While submitting your electronic manuscript, you will be required to enter data about your manuscript in the system. These include the full title of the paper, author names and affiliations, and so forth, as listed below under Manuscript Preparation. Support for special font characters is available. At any point during this process, there are Help buttons available for frequently asked questions.

• Clinical Reviews

Personal reviews on clinical gastroenterology are welcomed.

The number of authors is limited to 5.

A maximum of 150 references are permitted.

Clinical Reviews should include at least one Figure or Table.

• Case Report

Critical Case Reports that show originality or have educational implications for diagnosis and treatment are welcomed. Case Reports should consist simply of the following four sections; Introduction, Case Report (including Figures and Tables, as necessary), Discussion and References.

The number of authors is limited to 10.

A manuscript should not include more than 9 cases per submission.

The authors are strongly recommended to provide supporting data in tables or figures.

Please be sure to supply figures or data especially relevant to the understanding and interpretation of your manuscript, e.g. endoscopic findings, pathological specimens, etc.

Manuscript Sample (Download pdf, 361 kB)

• Original Articles

As for Original Articles, the Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology accepts only transferred submissions from the Journal of Gastroenterology.

• Word limit: not more than 6,000 words (including references)

• Abstract: not more than 250 words

• Figures/Tables: no more than a combined total of 7 figures and/or tables

Figures/tables exceeding the limit should be submitted as Electronic Supplementary Material.

• Letters to the Editor

The Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology welcomes letters to the editor, provided they are related to previously published articles in this journal, and in such cases a copy of the letter will be sent to the previous article’s author(s) to invite a response.

• Word limit: not more than 500 words (including references)

• Figures/Tables: not accepted

Manuscripts should be submitted in Word.

• Use a normal, plain font (e.g., 10-point Times Roman) for text.

• Use italics only for emphasis.

• Use the automatic page numbering function to number the pages.

• Do not use field functions.

• Use tab stops or other commands for indents, not the space bar.

• Use the table function, not spreadsheets, to make tables.

• Use the equation editor or MathType for equations.

Note: If you use Word 2007, do not create the equations with the default equation editor but use the Microsoft equation editor or MathType instead.

• Save your file in doc format. Do not submit docx files.

The documents should be uploaded in Microsoft Word (.doc) format.

Manuscripts must be typed double-spaced with wide margins. The title page, abstract, key words, text, acknowledgments and references should begin on separate sheets and follow that order. Incomplete or improperly prepared manuscripts will be returned to authors without review.

All manuscripts must be written in English. Authors whose native language is not English should seek the assistance of a colleague who is a native English speaker and is familiar with the field of work.

The title page should include:

• The full name(s) of the author(s)

• A concise and informative title

• The affiliation(s) and address(es) of the author(s)

• The e-mail address, telephone and fax numbers of the corresponding author

Please provide an abstract of not more than 200 words for Case Reports, 250 words for Clinical Reviews.

Please provide 3 to 5 keywords which can be used for indexing purposes.

• Abbreviations

Standard abbreviations and units should be used. Define abbreviations the first time they are mentioned, and avoid their use in the title and abstract.

Footnotes can be used to give additional information, which may include the citation of a reference included in the reference list. They should not consist solely of a reference citation, and they should never include the bibliographic details of a reference. They should also not contain any figures or tables. Footnotes to the text are numbered consecutively; those to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data). Footnotes to the title or the authors of the article are not given reference symbols. Always use footnotes instead of endnotes.

The body of the article should be divided into three sections:

• Introduction

The Introduction should state the purpose of the work and provide a concise summary of the rationale for the study or observation.

• Case Report

In the Case Report, detailed description of the case should be presented with the minimum number of tables and illustrations. The originality or educational implication of the case for diagnosis and treatment should be described clearly.

• Discussion

In the Discussion, new and important findings should be discussed with reference to other reported work, and conclusions should be added.

• Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments of people, grants, funds, etc. should be placed in a separate section before the reference list. The names of funding organizations should be written in full.

All contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship should be listed in an acknowledgments section. Examples of those who might be acknowledged include a person who provided purely technical help, writing assistance, or a department chairperson who provided only general support. Editors should ask corresponding authors to declare whether they had assistance with study design, data collection, data analysis, or manuscript preparation. If such assistance was available, the authors should disclose the identity of the individuals who provided this assistance and the entity that supported it in the published article. Financial and material support should also be acknowledged. Groups of persons who have contributed materially to the paper but whose contributions do not justify authorship may be listed under such headings as “clinical investigators” or “participating investigators,” and their function or contribution should be described—for example, “served as scientific advisors,” “critically reviewed the study proposal,” “collected data,” or “provided and cared for study patients.” Because readers may infer their endorsement of the data and conclusions, these persons must give written permission to be acknowledged.

Reference citations in the text should be identified by numbers in square brackets. Some examples:

1. Negotiation research spans many disciplines [3].

2. This result was later contradicted by Becker and Seligman [5].

3. This effect has been widely studied [1-3, 7].

• Reference list

The list of references should only include works that are cited in the text and that have been published or accepted for publication. Accuracy of reference data is the author’s responsibility. Personal communications and unpublished works should only be mentioned in the text. Do not use footnotes or endnotes as a substitute for a reference list. In article citations, list the first three authors only and add “et al.”

The entries in the list should be numbered consecutively.

• Journal article

- Smith JJ. The world of science. Am J Sci. 1999; 36:234–5.

- Parkin DM, Clayton D, Black RJ, et al. Childhood leukaemia in Europe after Chernobyl: 5-year follow-up. Br J Cancer. 1996;73:1006–12.

• Article by DOI

Slifka MK, Whitton JL. Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. J Mol Med. 2000; doi:10.1007/s001090000086

Blenkinsopp A, Paxton P. Symptoms in the pharmacy: a guide to the management of common illness. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1998.

• Book chapter

Wyllie AH, Kerr JFR, Currie AR. Cell death: the significance of apoptosis. In: Bourne GH, Danielli JF, Jeon KW, editors. International review of cytology. London: Academic; 1980. pp. 251–306.

• Online document

Doe J. Title of subordinate document. In: The dictionary of substances and their effects. Royal Society of Chemistry. 1999.

http://www.rsc.org/dose/title of subordinate document. Accessed 15 Jan 1999.

Always use the standard abbreviation of a journal’s name according to the ISSN List of Title Word Abbreviations, see http://www.issn.org/2-22661-LTWA-online.php

Use the table functions of your word-processing program (e.g. MS Word), not spreadsheets, to make tables.

• All tables are to be numbered using Arabic numerals.

• Tables should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order.

• For each table, please supply a table caption (title) explaining the components of the table.

• Identify any previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference at the end of the table caption.

• Footnotes to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other

statistical data) and included beneath the table body.

• All figures should be numbered using Arabic numerals.

• Figures should always be cited in the text in consecutive numerical order.

• Figure parts should be denoted by lowercase letters (a, b, c, etc.).

• Each figure should have a concise caption describing accurately what the figure depicts. Include the captions in the text file of the manuscript, not in the figure file.

• Identify all elements found in the figure in the figure caption; and use boxes, circles, etc., as coordinate points in graphs.

• Identify previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference at the end of the figure caption.

• Acceptable formats:

- MS Office files (DOC/DOCX)

• Minimum Resolutions:

- Halftone images (e.g. Photographs with fi ne shading): 300 dpi

- Line art (e.g. Black and white graphic with no shading): 1200 dpi

Please upload figures that are of satisfactory quality for the review process. If your manuscript is accepted for publication, you will be required to provide figures/illustrations of sufficient quality for printing.

For detailed instructions on preparing figures electronically, follow the link (http://www.springer.com/12328) for Artwork in the right-hand column under “Instructions to authors”. To see the instructions, click to the gray arrow.

The Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology only accepts video files as ESM.

• Submission:

-Please include in each file the following information: article title, journal name, author names; affiliation and e-mail address of the corresponding author.

-To accommodate user downloads, please keep in mind that larger-sized files may require very long download times and that some users may experience other problems during downloading.

- Accepted after peer review.

• File Formats:

-Always use MPEG-1 (.mpg) format.

-Video files cannot contain any personally identifiable information.

• Collecting Multiple Files:

It is possible to collect multiple files in a .zip or .gz file.

-If supplying any supplementary material, the text must make specific mention of the material as a citation, similar to those for figures and tables.

-Refer to the supplementary files as “Online Resource”, e.g., "... as shown in the video (Online Resource 3)".

-Name the files consecutively, e.g. “ESM_3.mpg”.

For each piece of supplementary material, please supply a concise caption describing the content of the file.

• Processing of supplementary files:

Electronic supplementary material will be: published as received from the author without any conversion, editing, or reformatting.

• Accessibility:

In order to give people of all abilities and disabilities access to the content of your supplementary files, please make sure that

-the manuscript contains a descriptive caption for each piece of supplementary material

-Video files do not contain anything that flashes more than three times per second (so that users prone to seizures caused by such effects are not put at risk)

After acceptance for publication, ESM will be published as received from the author in the online version only. Reference to this material will be made in the printed version.

This journal is committed to upholding the integrity of the scientific record. As a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics ( COPE ) the journal will follow the COPE guidelines on how to deal with potential acts of misconduct.

Authors should refrain from misrepresenting research results which could damage the trust in the journal, the professionalism of scientific authorship, and ultimately the entire scientific endeavour. Maintaining integrity of the research and its presentation is helped by following the rules of good scientific practice, which include*:

• The manuscript should not be submitted to more than one journal for simultaneous consideration.
• The submitted work should be original and should not have been published elsewhere in any form or language (partially or in full), unless the new work concerns an expansion of previous work. (Please provide transparency on the re-use of material to avoid the concerns about text-recycling (‘self-plagiarism’).
• A single study should not be split up into several parts to increase the quantity of submissions and submitted to various journals or to one journal over time (i.e. ‘salami-slicing/publishing’).
• Concurrent or secondary publication is sometimes justifiable, provided certain conditions are met. Examples include: translations or a manuscript that is intended for a different group of readers.
• Results should be presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification or inappropriate data manipulation (including image based manipulation). Authors should adhere to discipline-specific rules for acquiring, selecting and processing data.
• No data, text, or theories by others are presented as if they were the author’s own (‘plagiarism’). Proper acknowledgements to other works must be given (this includes material that is closely copied (near verbatim), summarized and/or paraphrased), quotation marks (to indicate words taken from another source) are used for verbatim copying of material, and permissions secured for material that is copyrighted.

Important note: the journal may use software to screen for plagiarism.

• Authors should make sure they have permissions for the use of software, questionnaires/(web) surveys and scales in their studies (if appropriate).
• Research articles and non-research articles (e.g. Opinion, Review, and Commentary articles) must cite appropriate and relevant literature in support of the claims made. Excessive and inappropriate self-citation or coordinated efforts among several authors to collectively self-cite is strongly discouraged.
• Authors should avoid untrue statements about an entity (who can be an individual person or a company) or descriptions of their behavior or actions that could potentially be seen as personal attacks or allegations about that person.
• Research that may be misapplied to pose a threat to public health or national security should be clearly identified in the manuscript (e.g. dual use of research). Examples include creation of harmful consequences of biological agents or toxins, disruption of immunity of vaccines, unusual hazards in the use of chemicals, weaponization of research/technology (amongst others).
• Authors are strongly advised to ensure the author group, the Corresponding Author, and the order of authors are all correct at submission. Adding and/or deleting authors during the revision stages is generally not permitted, but in some cases may be warranted. Reasons for changes in authorship should be explained in detail. Please note that changes to authorship cannot be made after acceptance of a manuscript.

*All of the above are guidelines and authors need to make sure to respect third parties rights such as copyright and/or moral rights.

Upon request authors should be prepared to send relevant documentation or data in order to verify the validity of the results presented. This could be in the form of raw data, samples, records, etc. Sensitive information in the form of confidential or proprietary data is excluded.

If there is suspicion of misbehavior or alleged fraud the Journal and/or Publisher will carry out an investigation following COPE guidelines. If, after investigation, there are valid concerns, the author(s) concerned will be contacted under their given e-mail address and given an opportunity to address the issue. Depending on the situation, this may result in the Journal’s and/or Publisher’s implementation of the following measures, including, but not limited to:

• If the manuscript is still under consideration, it may be rejected and returned to the author.

- an erratum/correction may be placed with the article

- an expression of concern may be placed with the article

- or in severe cases retraction of the article may occur.

The reason will be given in the published erratum/correction, expression of concern or retraction note. Please note that retraction means that the article is maintained on the platform , watermarked “retracted” and the explanation for the retraction is provided in a note linked to the watermarked article.

• The author’s institution may be informed
• A notice of suspected transgression of ethical standards in the peer review system may be included as part of the author’s and article’s bibliographic record.

Fundamental errors

Authors have an obligation to correct mistakes once they discover a significant error or inaccuracy in their published article. The author(s) is/are requested to contact the journal and explain in what sense the error is impacting the article. A decision on how to correct the literature will depend on the nature of the error. This may be a correction or retraction. The retraction note should provide transparency which parts of the article are impacted by the error.

Suggesting / excluding reviewers

Authors are welcome to suggest suitable reviewers and/or request the exclusion of certain individuals when they submit their manuscripts. When suggesting reviewers, authors should make sure they are totally independent and not connected to the work in any way. It is strongly recommended to suggest a mix of reviewers from different countries and different institutions. When suggesting reviewers, the Corresponding Author must provide an institutional email address for each suggested reviewer, or, if this is not possible to include other means of verifying the identity such as a link to a personal homepage, a link to the publication record or a researcher or author ID in the submission letter. Please note that the Journal may not use the suggestions, but suggestions are appreciated and may help facilitate the peer review process.

These guidelines describe authorship principles and good authorship practices to which prospective authors should adhere to.

Authorship clarified

The Journal and Publisher assume all authors agreed with the content and that all gave explicit consent to submit and that they obtained consent from the responsible authorities at the institute/organization where the work has been carried out, before the work is submitted.

The Publisher does not prescribe the kinds of contributions that warrant authorship. It is recommended that authors adhere to the guidelines for authorship that are applicable in their specific research field. In absence of specific guidelines it is recommended to adhere to the following guidelines*:

All authors whose names appear on the submission

1) made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; or the creation of new software used in the work;

2) drafted the work or revised it critically for important intellectual content;

3) approved the version to be published; and

4) agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

* Based on/adapted from:

ICMJE, Defining the Role of Authors and Contributors,

Transparency in authors’ contributions and responsibilities to promote integrity in scientific publication, McNutt at all, PNAS February 27, 2018

Disclosures and declarations

All authors are requested to include information regarding sources of funding, financial or non-financial interests, study-specific approval by the appropriate ethics committee for research involving humans and/or animals, informed consent if the research involved human participants, and a statement on welfare of animals if the research involved animals (as appropriate).

The decision whether such information should be included is not only dependent on the scope of the journal, but also the scope of the article. Work submitted for publication may have implications for public health or general welfare and in those cases it is the responsibility of all authors to include the appropriate disclosures and declarations.

Data transparency

All authors are requested to make sure that all data and materials as well as software application or custom code support their published claims and comply with field standards. Please note that journals may have individual policies on (sharing) research data in concordance with disciplinary norms and expectations.

Role of the Corresponding Author

One author is assigned as Corresponding Author and acts on behalf of all co-authors and ensures that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately addressed.

The Corresponding Author is responsible for the following requirements:

• ensuring that all listed authors have approved the manuscript before submission, including the names and order of authors;
• managing all communication between the Journal and all co-authors, before and after publication;*
• providing transparency on re-use of material and mention any unpublished material (for example manuscripts in press) included in the manuscript in a cover letter to the Editor;
• making sure disclosures, declarations and transparency on data statements from all authors are included in the manuscript as appropriate (see above).

* The requirement of managing all communication between the journal and all co-authors during submission and proofing may be delegated to a Contact or Submitting Author. In this case please make sure the Corresponding Author is clearly indicated in the manuscript.

Author contributions

In absence of specific instructions and in research fields where it is possible to describe discrete efforts, the Publisher recommends authors to include contribution statements in the work that specifies the contribution of every author in order to promote transparency. These contributions should be listed at the separate title page.

Examples of such statement(s) are shown below:

• Free text:

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by [full name], [full name] and [full name]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [full name] and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Example: CRediT taxonomy:

• Conceptualization: [full name], …; Methodology: [full name], …; Formal analysis and investigation: [full name], …; Writing - original draft preparation: [full name, …]; Writing - review and editing: [full name], …; Funding acquisition: [full name], …; Resources: [full name], …; Supervision: [full name],….

For review articles where discrete statements are less applicable a statement should be included who had the idea for the article, who performed the literature search and data analysis, and who drafted and/or critically revised the work.

For articles that are based primarily on the student’s dissertation or thesis , it is recommended that the student is usually listed as principal author:

A Graduate Student’s Guide to Determining Authorship Credit and Authorship Order, APA Science Student Council 2006

Affiliation

The primary affiliation for each author should be the institution where the majority of their work was done. If an author has subsequently moved, the current address may additionally be stated. Addresses will not be updated or changed after publication of the article.

Changes to authorship

Authors are strongly advised to ensure the correct author group, the Corresponding Author, and the order of authors at submission. Changes of authorship by adding or deleting authors, and/or changes in Corresponding Author, and/or changes in the sequence of authors are not accepted after acceptance of a manuscript.

• Please note that author names will be published exactly as they appear on the accepted submission!

Please make sure that the names of all authors are present and correctly spelled, and that addresses and affiliations are current.

Adding and/or deleting authors at revision stage are generally not permitted, but in some cases it may be warranted. Reasons for these changes in authorship should be explained. Approval of the change during revision is at the discretion of the Editor-in-Chief. Please note that journals may have individual policies on adding and/or deleting authors during revision stage.

Author identification

Authors are recommended to use their ORCID ID when submitting an article for consideration or acquire an ORCID ID via the submission process.

Deceased or incapacitated authors

For cases in which a co-author dies or is incapacitated during the writing, submission, or peer-review process, and the co-authors feel it is appropriate to include the author, co-authors should obtain approval from a (legal) representative which could be a direct relative.

Authorship issues or disputes

In the case of an authorship dispute during peer review or after acceptance and publication, the Journal will not be in a position to investigate or adjudicate. Authors will be asked to resolve the dispute themselves. If they are unable the Journal reserves the right to withdraw a manuscript from the editorial process or in case of a published paper raise the issue with the authors’ institution(s) and abide by its guidelines.

Confidentiality

Authors should treat all communication with the Journal as confidential which includes correspondence with direct representatives from the Journal such as Editors-in-Chief and/or Handling Editors and reviewers’ reports unless explicit consent has been received to share information.

Open Choice allows you to publish open access in more than 1850 Springer Nature journals, making your research more visible and accessible immediately on publication.

Article processing charges (APCs) vary by journal – view the full list

• Increased researcher engagement: Open Choice enables access by anyone with an internet connection, immediately on publication.

It is easy to find funding to support open access – please see our funding and support pages for more information.

*) Within the first three years of publication. Springer Nature hybrid journal OA impact analysis, 2018.

Funding and Support pages

Open Choice articles do not require transfer of copyright as the copyright remains with the author. In opting for open access, the author(s) agree to publish the article under a Creative Commons license. Details of the OA licences offered to authors can be found on the individual journal website, in the journal's How to publish with us guide.

To find out more about publishing your work Open Access in Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology , including information on fees, funding and licences, visit our Open access publishing page .

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Cover letters

A good cover letter will help "sell" your manuscript to the journal editor. it is not enough to send a manuscript to a journal editor like this:.

Dear Editor-in-Chief,

I am sending you our manuscript entitled "Large Scale Analysis of Cell Cycle Regulators in bladder cancer" by Researcher et al. We would like to have the manuscript considered for publication in Pathobiology.

Please let me know of your decision at your earliest convenience.

With my best regards,

Sincerely yours,

A Researcher, PhD

Instead, check to see whether the journal's Instructions for Authors have any cover letter requirements (e.g., disclosures, statements, potential reviewers).

Then, write a letter that explains why the Editor would want to publish your manuscript:

Common phrases:

• Please find enclosed our manuscript, "[manuscript title]" by [first author's name] et al., which we would like to submit for publication as a [publication type] in [name of the journal].
• To our knowledge, this is the first report showing...
• We believe our findings would appeal to the readership of [journal name].
• Please address all correspondence to:
• We look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience.

All cover letters should contain these sentences:

• We confirm that this manuscript has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration by another journal.
• All authors have approved the manuscript and agree with its submission to [insert the name of the target journal].

Submission checklist Before submitting your manuscript, thoroughly check its quality one more time. Evaluate it critically-could anything be done better?

Be sure that:

• The manuscript follows the submission guidelines
• All files are in the correct file format and of the appropriate resolution or size
• The spelling and grammar are correct
• You have contact information for all authors
• You have completed online registration for the submission process for your target journal
• You have written a persuasive cover letter

Case Reports in Gastroenterology

About the journal, aims and scope.

Case Reports in Gastroenterology is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal that publishes original case reports covering the entire spectrum of gastroenterology. The journal also accepts case reports related to the use of novel technologies, both in the area of diagnosis and treatment. Supplementary material is welcome and free of charge. The reports are organized according to the classification used by the American Gastroenterological Association Institute. In this forum, clinicians and researchers communicate their observations to the broadest possible audience in the community.

Journal Sections

• Single Case
• Case Series
• Case and Review: For this section, the authors should provide a historical background of at least 300 words. Number of references should be at least 15.

Article Types

Case report.

Case Reports can present a case study, case report, or other description of a case. Case Reports present significant new insights or cases with an unusual and noteworthy course. Submissions can be based on a case or a number of similar cases. The most important aspect of the presentation is that it should provide a new perspective on a recognized clinical scenario or may represent an entirely new clinical condition. The novelty of the case(s) may lie in the phenotype, the presentation, the investigation, and/or the management. We strongly encourage authors to comply with the CARE guidelines .The manuscript must include a statement detailing that written informed consent for publication was obtained and from whom (e.g. “Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images.”). If the patient has died, consent for publication must be obtained from their next of kin. If the patient described in the case report is a minor or vulnerable, then consent for publication must be obtained from the parent/legal guardian. The completed consent form must be made available to the Editor if requested, and will be treated confidentially.

A downloadable template is available below.

Case Report (DOCX, 33 KB)

Case reports should contain up to 2,500 words, with up to 3 illustrations, 2 tables and a maximum of 15 references. Abstracts should have no more than 250 words.

We require that authors provide a completed CARE checklist when submitting a Case Report. Submissions without this may be returned to the author as incomplete.

Contact Information

Should you have any problems with your submission, please contact the editorial office:

Editorial Office ‘Case Reports in Gastroenterology’ S. Karger AG P.O. Box CH–4009 Basel (Switzerland) Editorial Office

Editorial and Journal Policies

Getting started.

When preparing a manuscript, it is important to review the editorial policies. For full details, please visit the Publication Ethics and Editorial Policies page. Karger Publishers is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Karger journals aim to adhere to the COPE Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines .

The presentation of manuscripts should follow the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) . We recommend preparing the manuscript using the dedicated article template for the manuscript type.

Only papers written in English are considered. The articles should be comprehensible to a reader who is fluent in English and should be edited prior to submission to ensure that standard English grammar and usage are observed. Use of a professional language editing service prior to submission can help avoid delays with the review process.

Karger recommends the use of original images and materials whenever possible. If a submitted manuscript contains third-party copyright material(s), it is the authors’ sole responsibility to obtain permission from the relevant copyright holder for reusing the material(s), including any associated licensing fee. The copyright and usage information needs to be checked carefully to avoid copyright infringement. The author(s) is and will remain personally liable for any copyright infringements.

Most publishers offer a quick and easy way to clear permissions for their content via the built-in website application RightsLink or via https://www.copyright.com/get-permissions/ . Another widely used licensing tool is PLSClear. Please check the publishers’ websites for the available options and user instructions.

The authors agree that their name, affiliation with their institution and contact details will be available to third parties after the article has been published. Those third parties may be placed within or outside of the European Economic Area.

Research and Publication Ethics

When preparing a manuscript, it is important to review the editorial policies, including those on research ethics, consent, conflict of interest, data sharing and citation, text reuse and plagiarism, reproducibility and more. For full details, please visit the Publication Ethics and Editorial Policies page.

Karger Publishers is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Karger journals aim to adhere to the COPE Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines . Our policies on reporting and investigation of suspected misconduct in manuscripts and articles and how we handle potential errors in published articles can be found on the Publication Ethics and Editorial Policies page. Concerns regarding a manuscript in review or a published article should be raised to the Research Integrity and Publication Ethics team at Publication Ethics .

All submitted manuscripts must contain a statements section after the main body of the text, but before the reference list. A summary of the required information is given below, for full details please refer to the article templates and visit the Publication Ethics and Editorial Policies page.

strong>Acknowledgement (optional)

In the Acknowledgement section, authors may include individuals, who are not listed as authors, and organizations that have made substantive contributions to the research or the manuscript. An exception is where funding was provided, which should be included in Funding Sources.

Statement of Ethics

The Statement of Ethics must provide detail about the ethical approval process for the study reported in the manuscript, including the name and affiliation of the committee who approved the study and the decision reference number. For studies involving human participants, information must be provided about the consent provided to participate in the study. If information is included in the submission that may identify and individual or groups of individuals, specific consent to publish this information must be obtained and reported in the Statement of Ethics.

For complete information on our policies on Studies Involving Human Subjects, Identifiable Materials or Data or Studies Involving Animals, please see here .

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors are required to disclose any relationship that could be perceived as a conflict of interest in the Conflict of Interest Statement. All forms of support and financial involvement which took place in the previous three years should be listed, regardless of their potential relevance to the paper. Nonfinancial relationships that may potentially influence the writing of the manuscript should also be declared. If there is no potential conflict of interest to report, please state this.

For complete information on our Conflict of Interest policy, please see here .

Funding Sources

Authors must give full details about the funding of any research relevant to their study, including sponsor names, written in full providing any associated grant numbers, and explanation of the roles of these funders in the study design, execution and analysis, and manuscript conception, planning, writing and decision to publish. If the sponsor or funder had no role in any of the above or if no funding was received for the study, please state this.

For complete information on our Funding Sources policy, please see here .

Author Contributions

In the Author Contribution statement, a short statement detailing the contributions of each person named as an author should be included. The CRediT taxonomy is a useful framework for preparing this section. Contributors to the submission who do not fulfil the ICMJE Criteria for Authorship should be credited, with their consent, in the Acknowledgement section.

For complete information on our Authorship and Contributorship policy, please see here .

Data Availability Statement

Authors are required to provide a Data Availability Statement that details whether data are publicly available and where the data supporting their study can be accessed. The journal’s data sharing policy strongly encourages authors to make all datasets on which the conclusions of the paper rely available to editors, reviewers and readers without unnecessary restriction wherever possible. In cases where research data are not publicly available on legal or ethical grounds, this should be clearly stated along with any conditions for accessing the data.

For complete information about our Data Sharing policy, please see here .

Peer Review

Peer Review Policy

All Karger journals employ a rigorous peer-review process to confirm the validity and ensure scientific accuracy of published articles. Independent researchers with relevant expertise assess submitted manuscripts to help journal editors determine whether a manuscript should be published in their journal. All articles, except for Editorials and some Correspondence articles, are externally peer reviewed, typically by at least two individuals with expertise in the manuscript content area and/or research methods, before a final decision is made about acceptance for publication.

Peer Review Type and Process

Case Reports in Gastroenterology uses a single-blind peer review system where reviewers know the names of the authors, but the authors do not know who reviewed their manuscript. For full details, including information about peer review policies and appeals process, please visit the Peer review – Karger Publishers page.

Article Preparation

• The preferred word processing program for manuscripts is Microsoft Word. Page and line numbering should be activated, and the level of subheadings should be indicated clearly.
• Footnotes should be avoided. When essential, they should be numbered consecutively and appear at the foot of the appropriate page.
• Abbreviations (with the exception of those clearly well established in the field) should be explained when they are first used both in the abstract and in the main text.
• Units of measurement should be expressed in SI units wherever possible.
• Generic names of drugs (first letter: lowercase) should be used whenever possible. Registered trade names (first letter: uppercase) should be marked with the superscript registration symbol ® or ™ when they are first mentioned.
• The manuscript text, tables and figures must be submitted in separate files. Figure legends should be included at the end of manuscript text, not in the figure file. Table headers should be included above or below the table in the table file.

For full technical specifications, including those regarding tables, figures, and illustrations, please refer to Karger’s Technical Instructions to Publish a Paper .

Manuscript Arrangement

The first page should contain a short and concise title plus a running head of no more than 80 characters. Abbreviations should be avoided.

Below the title, list all the authors’ names as outlined in the article sample, which can be downloaded under Article Types. Each listed author must have an affiliation, which comprises the department, university, or organization and its location, city, state/province (if applicable), and country.

Corresponding author information: Please supply the first and last name as well as an e-mail address at the bottom of the title page.

Keywords relevant to the article should be listed below the corresponding author information.

Please refer to the Article Types section of the Guidelines for Authors for information on the relevant article structure, including maximum word counts and downloadable samples.

In-Text Citation

References in the text should be identified sequentially using Arabic numerals [in square brackets].

Reference List

The reference list should include only those publications which are cited in the text, arranged numerically in the order in which they are cited. Please number the reference list as shown below (i.e., without using full stops, brackets, etc.). The authors’ surnames should be followed by their initials with no punctuation other than a comma to separate individual authors. A maximum of 6 authors should be listed (followed by “et al.” if there are more than 6 authors). Material submitted for publication but not yet accepted should be referred to as “unpublished data” and should not be included in the reference list. Other pre-published or related materials with a DOI, e.g. preprint manuscripts, datasets, and code, may be included. More information on good referencing practice, as well as further examples, can be found in National Library of Medicine Style Guide for Authors .

Articles published in journals: 1 Sawant KV, Xu R, Cox R, Hawkins H, Sbrana E, Kolli D, et al. Chemokine CXCL1-mediated neutrophil trafficking in the lung: role of CXCR2 activation. J Innate Immun. 2015;6(7):647–58. (Journal names should be abbreviated according to the Index Medicus.)

Articles published only with DOI number: 2 Chen C, Hu Z. ApoE polymorphisms and the risk of different subtypes of stroke in the Chinese population: a comprehensive meta-analysis. Cerebrovasc Dis. DOI: 10.1159/000442678.

Monographs: 3 Matthews DE, Farewell VT. Using and understanding medical statistics. 5th ed, revised. Basel: Karger; 2015.

Edited Books: 4 Cohen SR, Gardner TW. Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. In: Nguyen QD, Rodrigues EB, Farah ME, Mieler WF, Do DV, editors. Retinal pharmacotherapeutics. Dev Ophthalmol. Basel: Karger; 2016. Vol. 55; p. 137–46.

Websites: 5 Karger Publishers [Internet]. Basel: Transforming Vesalius: The 16th-Century Scientific Revolution Brought to Life for the 21st Century [cited 2013 Feb 4]. Available from: https://www.vesaliusfabrica.com/en/new-fabrica.html .

Figures and Tables

The figure legend should be placed at the end of the article, after the reference list. The figure legend should not be part of the figure file. Tables require a heading above or below the table in the table file. For more details please download the relevant article template from the section “Article Types”.

Online Supplementary Material

Online Supplementary Material may be used to enhance a publication and increase its visibility on the Web. Supplementary files (directly relevant but not essential to the conclusions of the paper) will undergo editorial review and should be submitted in a separate file with the original manuscript and with all subsequent submissions. The Editor(s) reserve(s) the right to limit the scope and length of supplementary material. Supplementary material must meet production quality standards for publication without the need for any modification or editing. For ease of reader access, we strongly recommend that files be less than 10 MB. Authors wishing to associate larger amounts of supplementary material with their article should deposit their data in an appropriate public data repository. Figures must have legends and tables require headings. All files must be named clearly. Acceptable files and formats are Word or PDF files, Excel spreadsheets (if the data cannot be converted properly into a PDF file), and multimedia files (MPEG, AVI, or QuickTime formats). All supplementary material should be referred to in the main text. Authors providing a reporting checklist as part of their submission are asked to upload it as supplementary material, and refer to it in the manuscript as such. A DOI number will be assigned to supplementary material, and it will be hosted online at https://karger.figshare.com under a CC BY license .

Author Services

Karger Publishers offer a range of services to assist authors with the preparation of their manuscript, including discounts for language editing services offered by third parties.

More information is available on the Author Resources section of the Karger homepage.

When submitting a manuscript, authors can add their ORCID number to their Karger account to ensure that their paper is accredited to them correctly.

Cost of Publication

Page charges/article processing charges.

Karger has established Transformative Agreements with many consortia and institutions that include full or partial coverage of the Article Processing Charges (APCs) and/or the Author’s Choice Open Access publication fees. Authors affiliated with those institutions can publish Open Access in all Karger journals and comply with Open Access mandates without incurring any additional costs or with reduced APCs. Find out  here whether your Open Access charges are covered by an agreement. Find more information on Open Access charges and potential funding options here .

Upon acceptance, manuscripts will be subject to an Article Processing Charge (APC) of CHF 1,050.00 / USD 1,180.00 / EUR 1,060.00. Please note that all fees are subject to change.

Illustration Charges

Color illustrations are reproduced free of charge.

After Acceptance and Sharing Policies

Copyediting and proofs.

Manuscripts accepted for publication by Karger Publishers will undergo basic proofreading to check for obvious spelling and grammar mistakes. If you would prefer a more in-depth language editing service to improve clarity and style, please consult a service provider prior to submission. Please note that the use of a language editing service before submission is not a requirement for publication in the journal and does not guarantee that the manuscript will be considered for peer review or accepted.

Karger Publishers’ house style is based on internationally recognized standard manuals, including The Chicago Manual of Style .

Proof Central

An email containing a link to access the proofs will be sent to the contact author. The authors should check the document and respond to any questions that have been raised during copyediting within 48 hours. A provisional PDF can be viewed for an impression of the final layout of the manuscript.

Corrections to the text and tables should be made directly in the template. Changes to figures are discouraged but can be indicated with comments. Final layout and typesetting take place at a later stage.

Alterations made to proofs, other than the correction of errors introduced during production, are subject to review and may require editorial approval which could delay the publication of your manuscript

Please note that the revised proofs are not sent to the authors prior to typesetting and online publication unless there are exceptional circumstances. The article layout will be created according to the Karger standard.

A DOI number will be available as a unique identifier on the title page of each article. DOIs are useful for identifying and citing articles published online without volume or issue information (for more information, see www.doi.org ).

Licenses and Copyright

Articles published in Case Reports in Gastroenterology are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, unless otherwise agreed with Karger Publishers. When sharing or reusing any article, attribution must be given to the original source, using the statement "The final, published version of this article is available at http://karger.com/?doi=[insert DOI number]" (e.g., http://karger.com/?doi=10.1159/000365070). Reuse for commercial purposes requires permission from the publisher.

More information is available on the Karger website .

The copyright of the article is retained by the authors. The authors grant S. Karger AG, Basel, an exclusive unlimited license to publish the article under a Creative Commons license and identify S. Karger AG as the original publisher. Submission of a manuscript for publication implies the authors’ consent to publication under the applicable Creative Commons license and the terms and conditions of the Publisher’s Licensing Agreement.

Please note that metadata – essentially, data tags about article information such as authors and keywords that helps make articles discoverable by, for example, search engines – is governed by a separate policy. Refer to the FAQ on our Open Access web pages for details.

Archiving and Self-Archiving

All articles are archived in Portico. Articles may also be archived in PubMed Central if the journal is indexed there. Karger permits authors of Open Access articles to post the Version of Record (VOR) of their articles in Open Access repositories or on other websites. Preprints may be shared without restriction. Re-posted Open Access articles must follow the terms of the relevant Creative Commons license.

To ensure citations are credited to the Version of Record, Karger encourages authors to link to the published article on karger.com and include the following statement: "The Version of Record of this article is available at http://karger.com/?doi=[insert DOI number](e.g. http://karger.com/?doi=10.1159/000365070)."

Manuscripts to be archived in PubMed Central due to NIH funding requirements will be submitted by Karger on the authors’ behalf, as outlined under Funding Organizations.

Karger policies on Open Access, licensing and self-archiving can also be found at Sherpa Romeo .

Funding Organizations

If the authors are affiliated with an organization that has an Open Access agreement with Karger, the authors are prompted during submission to select from a list of these organizations. By choosing one of the listed organizations, eligibility can then be assessed.

NIH-Funded Research

The US National Institutes of Health (NIH) Public Access Policy mandates that the Author's Accepted Manuscript must be archived in its digital repository PubMed Central (PMC) within 12 months of the official publication date. As a service to authors, Karger Publishers submits the Version of Record of Open Access NIH-funded papers to PMC upon publication.

To facilitate compliance with Coalition S/Plan S Open Access mandates, Karger publishes Plan S-funded Open Access articles with a CC BY license. Some Coalition S funders, such as Wellcome Trust, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and FWF, designate PMC as the repository in which to archive articles. Where PMC is the designated repository, Karger will deposit the Version of Record on the author’s behalf with the CC BY license. Authors should refer to their funders’ policies for details. Authors should check their funders’ requirements about how to declare their funding and any associated mandates within their manuscript.

Karger publishes some journals under the Transformative Journals model, compliant with Plan S. Find more information about Transformative Journals on the Karger website .

Other Funding Sources

Karger Publishers also complies with other funders’ requirements for submission to PMC. Authors should inform Karger about their grant providers during submission and include information on their grants in the Funding Sources section of their papers.

More information on funding sources can be found on the Karger website .

Cover Letter

In your cover letter, please describe the gap in knowledge that this manuscript addresses, and discuss the implications, significance and novelty of your research for the Editor. Furthermore, please emphasize the unique and important contributions that your manuscript makes to our understanding of the field. If your submission is part of a special issue of the journal, please refer to the specific name of the special issue in your cover letter and specify who invited the submission where appropriate.

Manuscript Submission

Manuscripts should be submitted online via the Case Reports in Gastroenterology submission and peer review system by the manuscript’s corresponding author. The corresponding (submitting) author will automatically be the contact person for the manuscript for the peer review and production process. For fee payment and license signing, the contact author will be the first listed corresponding author.

The corresponding (submitting) author is solely responsible for managing all communication between the journal and all co-authors and acts on behalf of all listed authors. This ensures that all correspondence reaches a unique contact and thereby secures swift communication in particular throughout the submission, peer review and production process. Articles can be published with more than one corresponding author (usually limited to three), but only the submitting author can be accommodated during the submission, peer review and production process.

The corresponding (submitting) author’s specific responsibilities include:

• Ensuring all the listed authors have approved the manuscript submission to the journal and agreed to all of the content including the author list, including the Submission Declaration
• Handling the revision(s) and re-submission(s) of the manuscript until acceptance
• After acceptance, manuscript proof reading and approving the final proof
• Acting as the point of contact for queries about the published article. It is their responsibility to inform all co-authors of any matters arising in relation to the published article including questions relating to publication ethics, availability of data, materials, etc.

Where there are multiple corresponding authors, the first listed corresponding author’s specific responsibilities include:

• Upon acceptance, ensuring that all listed authors agree to the license agreement
• Arranging for payment of Page Charges/Article Processing Charges where required. The affiliation of the corresponding author will be used to determine eligibility for discounted or waived charges including discounted or waived APCs under read and publish/offsetting/OA agreements

Please note that the author names entered into the manuscript submission and peer review system should be identical to the information presented on the title page of the manuscript, including the sequence of authorship. The author names submitted should reflect the official publication names. It is the submitting (corresponding) author’s responsibility to ensure the accuracy of all content in the proof, including the names of co-authors, addresses and affiliations.

Before submission, please read the Submission Guidelines in full for specific requirements for manuscript preparation.

Submission Declaration

Submission Declaration (PDF, 89 KB)

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October 2024 - Volume 36 - Issue 10

• Editor-in-Chief: Giovanni Maconi and Christine Silvain
• ISSN: 0954-691X
• Online ISSN: 1473-5687
• Frequency: 12 issues / year
• Ranking: 80 of 143 Gastroenterology & Hepatology
• Impact Factor: 2.3

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Current Issue Highlights

Systematic review with network meta-analysis: sustained hepatitis B surface antigen clearance after pegylated interferon cessation

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 36(10):1159-1170, October 2024.

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Elucidating the non-genetic risk factors for celiac disease: an umbrella review of meta-analyses

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 36(10):1171-1179, October 2024.

Original Articles

Gastroenterology.

Predictors of residual neoplasia after noncurative (R1) endoscopic submucosal dissection of lesions in the gastrointestinal tract

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 36(10):1180-1185, October 2024.

Micronutrient deficiencies in inflammatory bowel disease: an incidence analysis

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 36(10):1186-1192, October 2024.

Assessment of the clinical value of five noninvasive predictors of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease in Han Chinese adults

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 36(10):1209-1219, October 2024.

Development and validation of a nomogram for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Western Xinjiang, China

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 36(10):1220-1229, October 2024.

Go to Full Text of this Article

• Letter to the Editor

Evaluation of online chat-based artificial intelligence responses about inflammatory bowel disease and diet: correspondence

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 36(10):1243, October 2024.

• Paper Alert

European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 36(10):1244-1247, October 2024.

• Original Articles: Gastroenterology
• Original Articles: Hepatology

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Call for Papers

AJG  values patient prioritized outcomes. This call seeks to explore patient-centered research of the digestive system focusing on patient reported outcomes (PROs) such as symptoms and health-related quality of life. Papers should critically examine relevant exposures and interventions with a focus on patient centered outcomes. Other patient-centered topics will also be prioritized for this collection, including availability of services, patient-centered technologies, and manuscripts focusing on disease burden.  Ideally, submissions should incorporate a wide variety of settings and diverse participants to address individual differences in care.  Submissions can be of all study types, from descriptive epidemiology to randomized controlled trials.

Please clearly state in your cover letter that your manuscript is intended for the Patient-Centered Outcomes special issue. This issue is scheduled to publish in Spring 2025 . Depending on the responses to this request, some accepted manuscripts may be published in other upcoming issues of AJG .

Manuscripts should be submitted through the journal submission system . 

Submission Window Closes: December 1, 2024

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Gastroenterology Letters

About Journal

The Gastroenterology Letters (JGL) is an open-access journal devoted to publishing original papers on various aspects of gastrointestinal diseases, such as diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The journal focuses on multidisciplinary clinical approaches, including general surgery, anatomy, radiology, and nuclear medicine for gastro diseases. Through our scholarly papers, researchers and readers will gain new insights into gastro physiology, therapeutic methods, and also the diagnosis of diseases. The new studies on different aspects of the liver and its diseases are also part of the scope of the journal. In the human body, the liver is an essential organ and its strategic position in the body is vulnerable to different types of diseases. Knowing the value of the liver and its essential roles in the human body, our journal actively promotes articles on scientific advancement and development in all relevant aspects of the liver.

[View more]

The Gastroenterology Letters (JGL) is an open-access journal devoted to publishing original papers on various aspects of gastrointestinal diseases, such as diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The journal focuses on multidisciplinary clinical approaches, including general surgery, anatomy, radiology, and nuclear medicine for gastro diseases. Through our scholarly papers, researchers and readers will gain new insights into gastro physiology, therapeutic methods, and also the diagnosis of diseases.

The new studies on different aspects of the liver and its diseases are also part of the scope of the journal. In the human body, the liver is an essential organ and its strategic position in the body is vulnerable to different types of diseases. Knowing the value of the liver and its essential roles in the human body, our journal actively promotes articles on scientific advancement and development in all relevant aspects of the liver. JGL offers a forum for publications of different kinds, such as scientific research papers, summary papers, clinical reports, and forensic studies on and treatment of gastric, pancreatic, and liver diseases.

Topics to be covered

• Clinical Gastroenterology
• Translational Gastroenterology
• Hepatobiliary Disorders
• Helicobacter Pylori
• Gastroenteritis
• Therapeutic Endoscopy
• Esophageal Disorders
• Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
• Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
• Endoscopic Diagnosis
• Malabsorption Syndrome
• Alcoholic Liver Disease
• Fatty Liver
• Anorectal Disorders
• Liver Cirrhosis
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Publication Charges

Gastroenterology Letters (JGL) is an Open Access publication and, when reading a manuscript or other document, we do not charge the end-user. This allows the scientific community, under the phrase "Creative Commons Attribution License" to access, download, distribute an article in any format, provided the original work is properly cited. We have a flat fee submission structure for the approval of a peer-reviewed article in line with other open access journals, covering in part the entire publication pathway (the article processing charge). The process involves our systems of maintenance, submission, and peer review and international editing, publishing, and submission to global organizations for indexing and monitoring, and archiving to enable immediate access to the entire article and related supplementary documents. To secure a sustainable model that is ethically, legally, and financially viable, we will have to ensure adequate investment.

The publishing fee for Gastroenterology Letters is 499 GBP

Questions Also Asked (FAQs)

At these amounts, why are your charges set?

Open access to all papers written in the Geneft. Publishing Open Access means that all subscribers, anywhere in the world, are permitted immediately upon publication in Geneft Journals, without limitation to the full text of papers. The paper publication fees pay for the editorial and processing costs of the journal, the website hosting, the online printing of documents, the preparation of HTML, PDF, and XML versions of the articles.

Our financial targets are: to:

• Recover expenses for capitalization.
• Produce sufficient revenue to allow the ongoing creation of a sustainable and scalable publishing program
• Bend the expense of the publication-charge over time downwards.

Who is going to pay APC?

The payment must be made upon approval of the article by the corresponding author or co- authors.

When am I going to pay?

Upon acceptance of the paper, the corresponding author or the paying institution will receive an invoice and may arrange for the payment. For situations in which a wavier agreement was reached before submission, APC is removed.

As the papers will not be released until the payments have been charged, we ask for immediate attention to the payment.

How am I paying?

Authors or organizations, according to their convenience, may make payments in two ways.

• Wire/Bank Transfer
• Debit/ Credit Card

Note: no taxes are included in this fee; taxes are applicable in compliance with the policies of the payee's nation. There may be additional transaction charges imposed on the author.

May I apply for APC Wavier?

On a case-by-case basis, the waiver request will be assessed and will be given accordingly.

* Waiver requests must be submitted during the process of submission and will not be approved until the manuscript has been processed.

Do I need to Pay fee if I withdraw my paper?

The authors can withdraw the paper within two days of submission citing proper reason. If author wants to withdraw the manuscript after initiation of the review process, he needs to pay the withdrawal penalty which will be decided by the working editor based on the resources utilised for the manuscript.

Table of Contents

• Author Guidelines
• Editor Guidelines
• Peer Review System
• Manuscript Preparation
• Manuscript Submission
• Call for Paper

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