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The difference between a dissertation and doctoral capstone

May 30, 2023

Estimated reading time:  3-4 minutes

If you’ve been researching doctoral degrees, you may notice that virtually all PhD programs require a dissertation, while some professional doctorates require a doctoral capstone or an alternative doctoral project.

So, what’s the difference between the two?

What do a dissertation and doctoral capstone have in common?

All doctoral programs help prepare students to contribute evidence-based practice in their field. Students learn to apply leadership principles and strategies that promote community support, diversity and individuality in the workplace, and the community.

Completing either a dissertation or a doctoral capstone requires intense preparation and a strong foundation in writing and critical thinking. Both culminate in a final document or project that demonstrates a broadened knowledge of relevant theory and practice. 

What are the main differences between a dissertation and a doctoral capstone? 

The Capella doctoral experience offers a good comparison of the two types of final project.

The Capella dissertation is a traditional five-chapter research document that you’ll develop as you work with a faculty mentor and dissertation committee members. It’s meant to be a work of high-quality academic research that contributes to your field of study.

The doctoral capstone can take many different forms depending on your program, your specialization or area of interest within your subject and other variables. Working with a faculty mentor and committee, you’ll complete a project that offers solutions or improvements to a real-world problem relevant to your field of study. 

• Project focus
• Project deliverable
• Deliverable detail

Doctoral Capstone

• Extends or applies research to solve a real-world problem
• Provides a solution to a problem within a specific organizational setting
• Presents the results in a deliverable (paper, product, or portfolio) and a final report that describes the creation of the deliverable

Dissertation

• Involves a quest for new knowledge to solve a real-world problem
• Addresses a research problem in one field of specialization
• Involves either quantitative or qualitative research methods
• Paper, Product or Portfolio
• Action research
• Clinical Research Paper
• Program Curriculum
• Change Management Plan
• Chapter 1. Introduction and Statement of the Problem
• Chapter 2. Literature Review
• Chapter 3. Methodology
• Chapter 4. Data Analysis and Results
• Chapter 5. Conclusions and Recommendations

Ready to explore the doctoral path that could work best for you? Capella University offers PhD and professional doctorate degree programs ranging from business and education to health care and technology.

Learn more about Capella’s online doctoral programs.

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What’s the Difference Between a Capstone vs. Dissertation?

If you’re researching doctoral programs, you may be wondering about capstone vs. dissertation projects.

Some schools require students to write a dissertation, an extended paper based on original research. Others ask students to complete a capstone project that involves developing a solution to an existing issue. As a graduate student, you will most likely be asked to complete one or the other of these projects to earn your degree.

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Before enrolling in a doctorate or PhD program, it’s helpful to understand what a dissertation and a capstone require and how they’re completed.

Capstone projects and dissertations offer graduate students the opportunity to demonstrate what they’ve learned over the course of their studies, prepare for their professional futures, and establish themselves as scholars in their fields.

Despite their similar goals, these projects involve different processes and structures.

What Is a Capstone?

A capstone is a final project that a doctoral student completes at the end of their academic program. It typically involves between 6 months and 1 year of research, planning, writing, and analysis.

During a capstone project, you might complete an action research study, in which you identify a process that is inefficient or ineffective and design a process to improve it. You might also work directly with an external business, nonprofit, or government agency.

A number of universities now offer doctorate programs without dissertation. Just like online doctoral programs in education with no dissertation, they include capstone projects or research papers instead. Students usually deliver a doctoral capstone in the form of a paper or portfolio alongside the product or program that they have designed.

What Is a Dissertation?

A dissertation is a major research project that is a requirement for most PhD programs. The timeframe for a dissertation often ranges between 1 and 3 years.

To complete a dissertation, students develop a research question and seek answers that will fill a current gap in the field. They review existing literature, conduct original research, and write a paper that may span several hundred pages.

Many doctoral programs also require students to participate in a dissertation defense . During this process, the student presents their findings to a faculty committee and answers any questions that the committee might have.

Key Differences Between a Dissertation vs. Capstone

Although capstone projects and dissertations can both be graduation requirements for doctoral students, they have several defining features that set them apart, including:

• Focus . A dissertation project generally focuses on filling a gap in current research or enhancing knowledge within a field through new research and analysis. A capstone project uses or extends existing research to address a problem by developing a product, program, or process.
• Completion time . Students may need several years after they complete their primary coursework to finish and defend their dissertations. Capstone projects are usually completed in 1 year or less.
• Sources of support . While working on their dissertations, students generally have the support of one or more faculty advisors and present their final work to a committee. Students completing a capstone often work with an outside organization, such as a private business, as well as a group of faculty members.
• Length . The average dissertation length is typically 100 pages or more, and students sometimes publish their finished projects as books after graduating. The final paper for a capstone project is often significantly shorter than a dissertation, but it may be accompanied by a portfolio, product, or program.

Capstones and dissertations aren’t always mutually exclusive. In some cases, doctoral programs require students to complete dissertations as part of or in addition to their capstone projects.

Capstone vs. Dissertation – Which Is Right for You?

Finding the right PhD or doctorate program can be challenging. Knowing what is a doctoral dissertation in comparison to a capstone project may help you determine which school and degree path aligns with your career goals and academic interests.

For example, if you would prefer to work directly with a business in your future industry, a capstone may be a more suitable option. A dissertation is likely more fitting if your primary goal is to contribute to the existing literature and research within your field.

No matter which type of project you prefer, you can take the next step toward your online doctoral degree by researching accredited colleges and universities.

Dissertation vs Thesis vs Capstone Project What’s the difference?

By: Derek Jansen (MBA) | Expert Reviewed By: Dr. Eunice Rautenbach | October 2020

At Grad Coach, we receive questions about dissertation and thesis writing on a daily basis – everything from how to find a good research topic to which research methods to use  and how to analyse the data.

One of the most common questions we receive is “what’s the difference between a dissertation and thesis?” . If you look around online, you’ll find a lot of confusing and often contrasting answers. In this post we’ll clear it up, once and for all…

Need a helping hand?

Dissertation vs Thesis: Showdown Time

Before comparing dissertations to theses, it’s useful to first understand what both of these are and what they have in common .

Dissertations and theses are both formal academic research projects . In other words, they’re academic projects that involve you undertaking research in a structured, systematic way. The research process typically involves the following steps :

• Asking a well-articulated and meaningful research question (or questions).
• Assessing what other researchers have said in relation to that question (this is usually called a literature review – you can learn more about that up here).
• Undertaking your own research using a clearly justified methodology – this often involves some sort of fieldwork such as interviews or surveys – and lastly,
• Deriving an answer to your research question based on your analysis.

In other words, theses and dissertations are both formal, structured research projects that involve using a clearly articulated methodology to draw out insights and answers to your research questions . So, in this respect, they are, for the most part, the same thing.

But, how are they different then?

Well, the key difference between a dissertation and a thesis is, for the most part, the level of study – in other words, undergrad, master or PhD. By extension, this also means that the complexity and rigorousness of the research differs between dissertations and theses.

So, which is which?

This is where it gets a bit confusing. The meaning of dissertation or thesis varies depending on the country or region of study. For example, in the UK, a dissertation is generally a research project that’s completed at the end of a Masters-level degree, whereas a thesis is completed for a Doctoral-level degree.

Conversely, the terminology is flipped around in the US (and some other countries). In other words, a thesis is completed for a Masters-level degree, while a dissertation is completed for PhD (or any other doctoral-level degree).

Simply put, a dissertation and a thesis are essentially the same thing, but at different levels of study . The exact terminology varies from country to country, and sometimes it even varies between universities in the same country. Some universities will also refer to this type of project as a capstone project . In addition, some universities will also require an oral exam or viva voce , especially for doctoral-level projects. 

Given that there are more than 25,000 universities scattered across the globe, all of this terminological complexity can cause some confusion. To be safe, make sure that you thoroughly read the brief provided by your university for your dissertation or thesis, and if possible, visit the university library to have a look at past students’ projects . This will help you get a feel for your institution’s norms and spot any nuances in terms of their specific requirements so that you can give them exactly what they want.

Let’s recap

Dissertations and theses are both formal academic research projects . The main difference is the level of study – undergrad, Masters or PhD. Terminology tends to vary from country to country, and even within countries.

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This post was based on one of our popular Research Bootcamps . If you're working on a research project, you'll definitely want to check this out ...

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How to Do a Capstone Project: A Step-by-Step Approach

Embarking on a capstone project is a significant milestone in any academic journey. This comprehensive guide aims to demystify the process, providing a clear, step-by-step approach to help you successfully navigate each phase. From selecting a suitable topic to presenting and defending your project, this article covers everything you need to know to make your capstone project a rewarding experience.

Key Takeaways

• Understand the multifaceted nature and purpose of a capstone project within an academic curriculum and its real-world applications.
• Choose a topic that aligns with your interests, is feasible to research, and supports your career goals.
• Conduct a thorough literature review to gather relevant sources, analyze existing research, and identify gaps that your project can address.
• Design a robust research methodology, considering ethical aspects and appropriate data collection techniques.
• Effectively present and defend your capstone project by structuring your final report, preparing for the defense, and responding to feedback.

Understanding the Purpose of a Capstone Project

A capstone project is a culmination of your academic journey , designed to assess the cumulative knowledge and skills you have gained. It is an integral part of academics , often requiring an interdisciplinary approach to solve a problem or contribute to your field. This project not only tests your competencies but also prepares you for real-world challenges, making you a well-rounded graduate ready for the workforce.

Selecting a Suitable Topic

Choosing the right topic for your capstone project is crucial for your academic success and future career. Your chosen topic should align with your academic objectives and future career aspirations. The nature of an appropriate project topic is that it will contribute to academic growth while preparing you for challenges in the respective field.

Conducting a Comprehensive Literature Review

A comprehensive literature review is a critical step in your capstone project. It involves a systematic examination of existing research to build a foundation for your study. Invest time in writing a compelling literature review as it is supposed to pinpoint gaps or unanswered questions and hypotheses.

Designing the Research Methodology

When designing your research methodology, it is crucial to choose methods that align with your research question and objectives. Selecting the appropriate methods ensures that your data collection and analysis will be effective and relevant to your study. Consider the ethical implications of your chosen methods, ensuring that your research adheres to ethical standards and guidelines. Data collection techniques should be meticulously planned to gather accurate and comprehensive data. This involves deciding on the tools and procedures that will best capture the information you need.

Executing the Project Plan

Time management strategies.

Effective time management is crucial for the successful execution of your capstone project. Create a schedule that outlines all the tasks you need to complete, along with their deadlines. This will help you stay organized and ensure that you allocate sufficient time for each phase of the project. Utilize tools like Gantt charts or project management software to keep track of your progress and make adjustments as needed.

Collaborative Work

Collaboration can significantly enhance the quality of your capstone project. Engage with your peers, advisors, and other stakeholders to gather diverse perspectives and insights. Establish clear communication channels and set regular meetings to discuss progress and address any issues that arise. Remember, effective collaboration requires mutual respect and a willingness to compromise.

Monitoring Progress

Regularly monitoring your progress is essential to ensure that you stay on track. Set specific milestones and key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure your achievements. This will help you identify any deviations from your plan early on and take corrective actions. Additionally, keep a detailed record of your activities and outcomes to facilitate the final reporting and evaluation process.

Presenting and Defending Your Capstone Project

Presenting and defending your capstone project is a critical phase that showcases your hard work and understanding of the subject. Structuring the final report is essential to ensure clarity and coherence. Your report should include a title page, abstract, table of contents, introduction, methodology, results, discussion, conclusion, and references. Each section must be meticulously crafted to reflect your research journey and findings.

Preparing for the defense involves anticipating questions and practicing your presentation multiple times. You should be able to explain your project's objectives, methodology, and outcomes confidently. Additionally, consider presenting at student conferences to share vital data and evidence, which can help you gain feedback and improve your defense.

Responding to feedback is a crucial skill during your defense. Listen carefully to the questions and comments from your panel, and respond thoughtfully. This not only demonstrates your deep understanding of the project but also your ability to engage in academic discourse. Remember, the defense is not just about defending your work but also about showcasing your ability to think critically and adapt to new insights.

Reflecting on the Capstone Experience

Assessing personal growth.

Reflect on your college journey, apply lessons from thesis, prepare for future endeavors. Personal growth, self-awareness, and professional success emphasized.

Lessons Learned

Reflecting on your capstone project allows you to identify the key lessons learned throughout the process. This reflection can help you understand what strategies worked well and what could be improved in future projects. Embrace these insights as they are invaluable for your academic and professional development.

Future Implications

Consider the future implications of your capstone project. How can the skills and knowledge you gained be applied in your career? Reflect on how this experience has prepared you for future challenges and opportunities. This reflection will help you to better navigate your professional path and achieve long-term success.

Reflecting on the Capstone Experience, it's clear that the journey is filled with challenges and triumphs. If you're a student feeling overwhelmed by your thesis, our step-by-step Thesis Action Plan is here to help. With proven methodologies and strategies, we guide you through every step, ensuring you overcome obstacles and achieve success. Don't let anxiety hold you back—visit our website to claim your special offer now and start your journey to a stress-free thesis experience.

In conclusion, undertaking a capstone project is a significant academic endeavor that requires meticulous planning, dedication, and a systematic approach. By following the step-by-step guidelines outlined in this article, students can navigate the complexities of their capstone projects with greater confidence and clarity. From selecting a compelling topic to conducting thorough research and presenting a well-structured final report, each phase of the process is crucial for achieving academic success. Remember, the journey of completing a capstone project not only enhances your research and analytical skills but also prepares you for future professional challenges. Embrace the process, seek guidance when needed, and strive for excellence in every step of your capstone project.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a capstone project.

A capstone project is a multifaceted assignment that serves as a culminating academic and intellectual experience for students. It involves in-depth research, analysis, and the application of knowledge gained during your academic tenure.

How do I choose a suitable topic for my capstone project?

Choosing a suitable topic involves identifying areas of interest, evaluating the feasibility of the topic, and ensuring it aligns with your career goals. It's important to select a topic that is both engaging and manageable within the given timeframe.

What are the key components of a comprehensive literature review?

A comprehensive literature review involves gathering relevant sources, analyzing existing research, and identifying research gaps. This helps in understanding the current state of knowledge on your topic and shaping your research questions.

What research methods are appropriate for a capstone project?

The choice of research methods depends on your project goals and the nature of your research questions. Common methods include qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-method approaches. It's crucial to choose methods that are ethical and suitable for your data collection needs.

How can I effectively manage my time during the capstone project?

Effective time management strategies include creating a detailed project plan, setting realistic deadlines, prioritizing tasks, and regularly monitoring progress. Tools like project management software can also help in keeping track of milestones and deadlines.

What should I expect during the presentation and defense of my capstone project?

During the presentation and defense, you will need to structure your final report clearly, prepare to discuss your research findings, and respond to feedback from your committee or audience. Practice and preparation are key to a successful defense.

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What Is a Capstone Project?

A capstone project is a multifaceted academic experience typically required for students during the final year of an academic program. It is a comprehensive and interdisciplinary project that often requires students to apply the knowledge and skills acquired throughout their academic careers to solve real-world problems or issues. 

Capstone projects come in all shapes and sizes, including research papers, case studies, creative works, internships, and field placement projects. They are designed to challenge students to think critically, solve complex problems, and demonstrate their readiness for work in their field. Capstone projects are often a highlight of a student’s academic career and can provide valuable experience and skills for their future endeavors.

Types of Capstone Projects

Capstone projects are an essential part of many academic programs. They can vary from program to program and take shape depending on the specific discipline and project goals. 

Research Paper/Major Project Course

A research paper or major project course is a comprehensive capstone that aims to equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to conduct research and produce a high-quality research paper or major project. These typically include various topics such as research methodology, literature review, data collection, and analysis, as well as writing and presentation skills.

The course typically begins with an introduction to research methodology, including the different research types, research design, and ethical considerations. Students are taught how to conduct a literature review, which involves identifying and analyzing relevant literature on the topic of their research. Data collection and analysis are also a focus in this type of capstone project, with students demonstrating mastery in learning how to collect and analyze data and showcasing various methods such as surveys, interviews, and even experiments. They are also taught how to use statistical software, such as Tableau and Power BI , to analyze data and draw conclusions. 

It’s also standard for these courses to focus on writing and presentation skills, with students learning how to write a clear, concise, and well-structured research paper or project relating to their major or focus. They are taught how to use proper citation and referencing techniques, as well as how to present their findings in a professional and engaging manner.

Completing a capstone research paper or major project course is crucial for students to acquire the skills and expertise needed to conduct research and present their findings in a comprehensive manner. It serves as a culminating showcase of their academic achievements.

Internship or Field Program

An internship or field placement program is an opportunity for students to gain practical experience in their field of study. It typically involves working for a company or organization for a set period of time. 

The benefits of an internship or field program include gaining hands-on experience, building professional networks, and developing skills that can be applied in future careers within the field of study. It also provides an opportunity to explore different career paths and industries and to learn from experienced professionals.

To find an internship or field program, students can search online job boards, attend career fairs, or reach out to companies directly. Researching the company and the position is vital to ensure it aligns with career goals and interests. In addition, some programs offer professional partnerships that connect students and businesses in established internship programs. 

During the internship or field placement program, it’s essential to ask questions, be proactive and take on responsibilities. This can eventually lead to a positive reference or even a job offer. Maintaining a professional attitude and work ethic is also important, as the experience can impact future career opportunities.

Portfolio-Building Course

A portfolio-building course is designed to help individuals create a professional portfolio that showcases their skills and accomplishments. The course covers key points such as identifying your target audience, selecting a suitable format for your portfolio, creating a solid visual design, and selecting the best pieces to include. 

These courses are designed to showcase the creativity and ingenuity of the student. Additionally, a portfolio-building course provides guidance on writing compelling descriptions and captions for each focus piece included. It also offers tips for presenting your portfolio to the necessary stakeholders, like professors, advisors, and even prospective employers.

By the end of the course, participants should have a polished portfolio that can be used to showcase their work to potential employers or clients. 

Group Project Course

A group project course is designed to allow students to work collaboratively on a project that requires them to apply the knowledge and skills they have acquired in their respective fields of study. The course covers key points such as project planning, team building, communication, problem-solving, and project management. Students are expected to work in teams to identify a problem, develop and execute a project plan, and clearly present their findings. 

A group project course also emphasizes the importance of effective communication within the team and with external stakeholders. Through this course, students develop critical thinking, leadership, and teamwork skills essential for success in their future careers.

What Is the Goal of a Capstone Project?

A capstone project aims to demonstrate a student’s mastery of a particular subject or field of study. It is typically a culminating project that integrates and applies the knowledge and skills acquired throughout the course of a degree program. The project may involve research, analysis, problem-solving, and creative work, and it should demonstrate the student’s ability to think critically, communicate effectively, and work independently. The ultimate aim of a capstone project is to produce high-quality, original work that contributes to the student’s academic and professional development.

What Programs Usually Require Capstones?

Capstones are usually required in programs that involve hands-on learning and the practical application of skills. These programs typically include engineering, computer science, business, healthcare, education, and social sciences. Capstones require students to demonstrate their mastery of the subject matter through a comprehensive project or presentation. Capstones are often required in graduate programs as a way to exhibit a student’s research and analytical skills.

How to Choose a Capstone Topic

After dedicating time and effort to your academic program, the following requirement is to select a unique interest topic that will embody all the knowledge and academic growth attained throughout your studies. How do you choose a capstone topic? What determines what kind of topic is most suitable?

• Identify your interests and passions : Choose a topic that you are passionate about and interested in. This will make the research process more enjoyable and engaging, not only for the student but also for the audience.
• Consider your career goals : Examine your future career goals and choose a topic that aligns with them. This will help you gain relevant skills and knowledge that will be useful in your future career.
• Research current trends and issues : Look for current trends and issues in your field of study and choose a topic that addresses them. This will make your capstone project more relevant and impactful.
• Consult with your advisor : Consult with your capstone advisor to get their input and guidance on choosing a topic. They can provide valuable insights and help you narrow down your options.
• Consider the scope and feasibility : Choose a topic that is manageable in terms of scope and feasibility. Make sure you have access to the necessary resources, equipment, and data to complete your project successfully.
• Brainstorm and refine your ideas : Brainstorm a list of potential topics and then refine them based on your interests, career goals, and feasibility. Choose a topic that you are excited about and can confidently expound upon.

The Six Components of a Capstone Paper

A comprehensive capstone paper typically consists of six key components that are essential for its success. These components include an introduction , literature review , methodology , discussion , conclusion , and recommendations . 

1. Introduction

The introduction section of a capstone paper is a crucial part of the document that sets the tone for the entire project. It should cover the key points of the paper, including the purpose, scope, and significance of the research. The introduction should also provide a clear and concise thesis statement that outlines the central argument or focus of the paper. 

2. Literature Review

The literature review section of a capstone paper provides an overview of the existing research and knowledge on the topic. It covers key points related to the research question or problem statement and helps establish the study’s overall context. The literature review should be comprehensive, well-organized, and focused on the most relevant and recent sources. It should also identify gaps in the literature and highlight the need for further research. 

3. Methodology

The methodology section should provide a clear and detailed description of the research methods used in the capstone project and should demonstrate that the research was conducted in a rigorous and ethical manner. 

• Research design : This section should describe the overall approach to the research, including the type of study (e.g., qualitative, quantitative, mixed-methods), the research questions or hypotheses, and the sampling strategy.
• Data collection : This section should describe the methods used to collect data, such as surveys, interviews, or observational data sources. It should also consider any instruments or tools used to collect data, such as questionnaires or interview guides.
• Ethical considerations : This section should examine any ethical considerations related to the research, such as confidentiality and privacy.
• Limitations : This section should review any research limitations. This involves acknowledging any weaknesses or shortcomings in the research and discussing how they may have affected the results, such as sample size, data quality, or financial resources.

4. Discussion

The discussion section of a capstone paper summarizes the findings of the research and provides an analysis of the results. Key points include:

• Summary of findings : The discussion section should begin with a brief summary of the main findings of the research. This should include a concise critique of the results and their significance.
• Interpretation of the results : This portion of the discussion section should offer an analysis of the data and clarify what it means in the context of the original research question.
• Comparison with previous research : The discussion section should also compare the research results to prior studies in the field. This helps to contextualize original findings and identify any similarities or differences.
• Implications of the findings : Another critical component of the discussion section should also discuss the impact of the findings on the field of study. This involves classifying any practical applications of the research and examining how the results can be used to inform future research.

5. Conclusion

The conclusion of a capstone research paper strives to objectively present the data or information that you gathered throughout the entire capstone project. The story you tell will point readers to any figures and tables that illustrate relevant data and tie it back to the general purpose of the research. The overall goal is to bring it all back to the initial hypothesis.

6. Recommendations

Capstone research papers typically include a recommendations section, which provides recommendations for future research related to the topic. This involves identifying areas where further research is needed and suggesting potential avenues for future study.

Additionally, this section can be derived directly from the research findings, providing readers with concrete examples and recommendations based on the data and its implications.

Capstone Project vs. Thesis Paper

Capstone projects and thesis papers are both important academic assignments that students may be required to complete in order to graduate from their degree programs. While they share some similarities, there are also some key differences between the two.

A capstone project is typically a final project that allows students to showcase the knowledge and skills they have gained throughout their academic program and apply them to real-world problems and issues. They take many forms, including research papers, case studies, presentations, or even creative projects like portfolios. These projects often involve collaboration with other students or professionals in the field and may require the use of primary research methods.

By contrast, a thesis paper is a more traditional academic research paper focusing on a specific research question or hypothesis. It typically involves a thorough literature review, data collection, and analysis, as well as a detailed discussion of the findings. Thesis papers are often written by students pursuing graduate degrees and are intended to contribute new knowledge to the field.

While both capstone projects and thesis papers require a significant amount of research and critical thinking, capstone projects tend to be more practical and applied, while thesis papers are more theoretical and research-focused. Additionally, capstone projects often involve more collaboration and may require students to work with external stakeholders, while thesis papers are typically completed independently. 

Both assignments can be valuable learning experiences and can help students develop important skills that will be useful in their future careers.

Dissertation

At its core, a dissertation is a lengthy and detailed research paper that is typically written by students pursuing a doctoral degree. It is a formal document that presents original research and findings on a specific topic or issue. Much like a thesis paper or capstone project, a dissertation requires extensive research, critical analysis, and a thorough understanding of the subject matter. 

By comparison, a dissertation is a research project that is typically required for a doctoral degree, while a capstone project is a culminating project that is required for a master’s degree . In a similar regard, a thesis paper is similar to a dissertation in that it is a research project, but it is typically required for a master’s degree. 

The main distinction between a dissertation and a capstone project or thesis paper lies in the academic level they are intended for and the breadth of the research involved. Dissertations usually involve more comprehensive research and require original findings, whereas capstone projects and thesis papers may concentrate on utilizing existing knowledge to address a particular problem or concern.

A “capstone” project is the crowning achievement of an academic program, as it combines all the skills and knowledge gained into a culminating conclusion. Typically the capstone is the final piece of work or project that wraps up the entire academic program and represents a significant milestone in academic and professional development.

Although they are similar, capstone projects and thesis papers differ at their core. The level of difficulty depends on various factors, such as the project’s topic, scope, and requirements. However, a capstone project may generally be considered less intensive than a thesis paper, as it typically involves the practical application of knowledge and skills, while a thesis paper requires extensive research and analysis of a specific topic.

The length of time it takes to complete a capstone project can vary depending on the specific requirements of the project and the program. Capstone projects can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months to complete. Therefore, project planning and time management are required to ensure that you are able to complete the project within the given timeframe.

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Capstone, Thesis, & Dissertation Guidelines

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Depending on your graduate program, you may be required to complete a  capstone ,  thesis , or  dissertation  as part of your degree requirements. This page is designed to help you determine which, if any, of these you will need to complete for your program, and provide guidance on department and campus resources available to you.

The Different Types of Culminating Projects

See each section below for details on what comprises each type of culminating project.

Typically completed during the final semesters of a graduate degree program, a Capstone project serves as the culmination of a student’s educational experience. Usually, the Capstone project is completed alongside a semester-long seminar course designed to help a student workshop and fine-tune their ideas with their peers.

Specifications for the Capstone project will vary by department. Please see your academic department’s website or your faculty academic advisor for additional details.

A thesis is a final research paper required for the completion of many master’s degree programs. All students completing a thesis should follow University  guidelines for preparation and submission .

Your department may also have specific requirements that you should be aware of. Please see your academic department’s website of your faculty academic advisor for additional details.

A dissertation is a final research paper required for the completion of many doctoral degree programs. Dissertations usually call for doctoral candidates to conduct their own research, and offer the opportunity to contribute new knowledge to their field of study.

Program faculty and staff will have specific information about the options available in a given academic program. These may include the following projects:

• Internship or Field Experience
• Academic Portfolio
• Comprehensive Exam

Program Information

Use the table below to find out what the project requirements are for your specific degree program. We recommend referring to your department, faculty academic advisor, or thesis/capstone advisor for additional information.

Campus Resources

Listed here are a few of the resources available for students who working on their capstone, dissertation, and thesis guidelines. This list is by no mean exhaustive, and we recommend referring to your department, faculty academic advisor, or thesis/capstone advisor for additional suggestions.

Office of Research Integrity and Outreach  (ORIO) – ORIO can assist students who are conducting research to navigate complicated issues such as:

• Using human or animal subjects
• Avoiding and managing conflicts of interest
• Adhering to guidelines for responsible research

USM Libraries –  See the library for assistance with:

• Locating research articles
• Questions regarding binding and printing
• Publishing your capstone, thesis, or dissertation to the Digital Commons

Contact:  Mary Holt , Library Specialist – Digital Initiatives and Access Services

Capstone & Thesis Research

• Getting Started

Benefits of a capstone or research project

Definitions, your capstone paper or project.

• Selecting and Focusing Your Research Topic
• Start Searching
• Literature Review This link opens in a new window
• Doing Primary Research
• Presentation Skills This link opens in a new window
• Specific Graduate Programs
• Writing and Citing
• Mendeley Citation Manager This link opens in a new window

• Academic Integrity Webster University page outlining the definitions of academic integrity, academic dishonesty, cheating, fabrication, disciplinary actions and the Academic Honesty Board.
• Case Study (Business and Management) Case studies usually present the pertinent facts about a real or fictional business or management "problem". Teaching cases are intended to provide the reader with sufficient data to evaluate multiple courses of action. They may pose questions to stimulate critical thinking and help readers to apply theory to the analysis of the events portrayed.
• Hypothesis "A tentative assumption made in order to draw out and test its logical or empirical consequences." more... less... Hypothesis. (2012). In Merriam-Webster's Collegiate(R) Dictionary . Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster. Retrieved from http://library3.webster.edu/login?url=http://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/mwcollegiate/hypothesis/0
• Peer reviewed or scholarly Journals that go through a process in which experts in the field (the author's peers) verify that the information and research methods are up to standards. In order to know if an article is peer reviewed, look at the journal rather than the article.
• Primary Source An original paper, article or document created with raw data, for example, tests, experiments or field research; data sets from pre-existing databases generated by others; first hand accounts or archival materials (for example, journals, diaries or letters written by ,say, historical figures or original historical documents); policy documents generated by, say governments and other organizations; state and international legal legislation- also court judgments; literary, art or religious works; and so forth.
• Secondary Source Any texts that provide critical commentary on primary information...such as journal publications, books or chapters in scholary books, book reviews, etc.

Why take on a major research project?

• When you read or research, you're joining the academic conversation. 
• To explore areas of interest more fully. Often in class, a topic is only addressed enough to raise more questions, so this is a good time to explore more deeply.

Benefits of doing a capstone project

• To integrate various elements of your educational experience
• To demonstrate your learning
• To prepare you for the kind of work you will do in your career
• Does the library keep graduate capstone (a.k.a. 6000) papers?

How is a masters thesis and doctoral dissertation different from a capstone project?

• Requires primary research or produces original material
• Committee OR faculty mentor
• Produces lengthy, formal written manuscript
• Webster University's Graduate Thesis Requirements
• Does the library have theses in the collection?
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• URL: https://library.webster.edu/capstone

Graduate Student Resource Guide

• Library Resources
• Academic Resources
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Introduction

Submitting your thesis/dissertation for publication, need help frustrated do you have writer's block, guidelines and forms, resources to help you with your thesis, dissertation or capstone project.

• Surviving & Thriving in Graduate School

All graduate programs at Lewis University are required to include a culminating capstone experience in the curriculum.  The most appropriate capstone experience for each program is determined by the faculty of that program. Doctoral capstone experiences generally include a dissertation requirement or a scholarly integrative project.  A Master’s Program Capstone is defined by the University as:

A capstone is a culminating experience of rigorous academic achievement: (a) integrating knowledge from one’s discipline(s); (b) applying specific knowledge; (c) demonstrating knowledge and expertise to the appropriate disciplinary community; and (d) illustrating readiness for transition into more advanced professional or academic pursuits. Capstones consist of program directed experiences, which may include a comprehensive examination, group or individual project, thesis, research/scholarly paper, internship/practicum, or other appropriate culminating academic experiences representative of one’s discipline(s).

This page provides the graduate student with important institutional information to prepare for successful completion of a graduate capstone project, a thesis, or a dissertation, as required by the program. The Doctoral Dissertation Guidelines and the Master’s Thesis Guidelines provide essential information in understanding the prerequisites and minimum standards required by Lewis University.

The Graduate P rogram Director and the student’s advisor are the best source of information relevant to individual program requirements for successfully completing a culminating capstone experience within that program. 

Additionally, please check out the other sections on this page for assistance on writing, publishing and seeking copyright protection for your work.

Publishing Your Thes is

The student is not required to publish his/her thesis; however, the student is highly encouraged to submit article(s) from their thesis for publication in a professional journal of the discipline. If the student wishes to publish the thesis as an entity, the thesis must be reviewed and approved for style and formatting by the Office of Graduate Studies.                                                     

Publishing Your Dissertation

Why Should You Use ProQuest?

Graduate students all over the world submit dissertations and theses to ProQuest and access the world’s trusted repository for graduate research ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. In addition, researchers can cross-search this content with curated collections of scholarly journals, ebooks, news content, reports, working papers and more — across disciplines. ProQuest delivers resources that support academic and professional success.

At any point you have questions or need any help with your research, please feel free to contact us and we will be glad to assist you.  please check out our resources on-line (workshops, writing assistance, study room, etc.) or schedule an appointment with a librarian..

• Lewis University Writing Center
• LARC Lab
• Master Thesis Guidelines
• Doctoral Dissertation Guidelines

Thesis Forms

• Master Thesis Committee Approval Form - FORM A
• Master Thesis Proposal Defense Approval - FORM B
• Master Thesis Approval Form - FORM C

Dissertation Forms

• Doctoral Dissertation Committee Approval Form - FORM A
• Doctoral Dissertation Proposal Defense Approval Form - FORM B
• Doctoral Defense Public Announcement Form - FORM C
• Doctoral Dissertation Approval Form - FORM D
• Commencement Ceremony Petition (Dissertation) - FORM E
• Copyright and Intellectual Property Guidelines  
• MSIS Capstone Gallery

 External  Web Resources

• Purdue Online Writing Lab

Recommended Books

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• Last Updated: Jan 16, 2024 12:58 PM
• URL: https://lewisu.libguides.com/GradStudies

Ginn search

Capstones & dissertations, capstone projects.

Ginn Library staff are available to help you with all aspects of your capstone project.

• Start by reviewing our Fletcher Capstone Project Research Guide .
• For more help with research and literature reviews , ask a librarian .
• For help with writing , make a Writing Center appointment .

Once your capstone has been completed and graded, you have the option to  submit it to the Tufts Digital Library (TDL). The following policies apply:

• In order to deposit your work in the TDL, you will be required to grant us  certain rights . Without these rights, we cannot make your work accessible for scholarly or educational use. By agreeing to this license, you retain copyright to your work.
• MALD, MA, LLM, GMAP, and MIB capstones are automatically accepted upon submission.
• GBA independent study capstones may be uploaded once a final passing grade has been received by your advisor.
• The submitted file must be in Adobe Acrobat (.pdf) format.
• Before you begin the submission process, please rename the file with your surname (i.e., lastname.pdf).

Cover page templates are below.  Change anything in ALL CAPS to reflect your capstone information:

• MALD Cover Page
• MIB Cover Page
• MA Cover Page
• LLM Cover Page  
• GMAP Cover Page  
• GBA Cover Page

To view capstones from previous years, you can browse the Fletcher School Student Capstone (Thesis) Collection (years 2001-2018), or the Tufts Digital Library collection of Fletcher Capstones (Theses) and Dissertations (years 2001-present).

Dissertations

Ginn Library can help with all aspects of your dissertation.

• For tips on using library resources for your research, view slides from PhD Research Resources Review Workshop .
• If you need other research help, such as help finding sources or data, please ask a librarian .
• For answers to questions about formatting, citing your sources, and submitting your dissertation, see the Fletcher Guide for Preparation of Dissertations .

Citation Help for APA, 7th Edition: Master's Thesis, Dissertation, or Capstone Project

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Introduction

When creating references for dissertations, theses, and projects, you will need to determine the correct reference type to follow. Dissertations, theses, and projects are generally divided into two separate groups; those that are published and those that are unpublished.

In most cases, unpublished projects are those that are in print and available only from the degree-granting institution. On the other hand, published projects are those that are available in a database, a university archive, or a personal website. 

Variations - URLs?

Some URLs may be long and complicated. APA 7th edition allows the use of shorter URLs. Shortened URLs can be created using any URL shortener service; however, if you choose to shorten the URL, you must double-check that the URL is functioning and brings the reader to the correct website. 

Common URL Shortner websites include:

More Information

For more information about URLs, see Section 9.36 on page 300 of APA Manual, 7th edition. 

NOTE:  Check your instructor's preference about using short URLs. Some instructors may want the full URL. 

Variations - DOIs?

Some DOIs may be long and complicated. APA 7th edition allows the use of shorter DOI numbers. Shortened DOIs can be located at the International DOI Foundations, shortDOI Service . 

More Information:

For more information about DOIs, see Section 9.36 on page 300 of APA Manual, 7th edition. 

NOTE: Check your instructor's preference for using short DOIs. Some instructors may want the full DOI. 

Variations - Live Hyperlinks?

Should my urls be live.

It depends. When adding URLs to a paper or other work, first, be sure to include the full hyperlink. This includes the http:// or the https://. Additionally, consider where and how the paper or work will be published or read. If the work will only be read in print or as a Word doc or Google Doc, then the URLs should not be live (i.e., they are not blue or underlined). However, if the work will be published or read online, then APA advises to include live URLs. This would allow the reader to click on a link and go to the source.   

For more information, see Section 9.35 on pages 299-300 of the APA Manual, 7th edition. 

NOTE: Check your instructor's preference about using live URLs. Some instructors may not want you to use live URLs. 

Print Master's Thesis, Dissertation, or Project

When creating references for dissertations, theses, and projects, you will need to determine the correct reference type to follow. Dissertations, theses, and projects are generally divided into two separate groups; those that are published and those that are unpublished. In most cases, unpublished projects are those that are in print and available only from the degree-granting institution. 

Panasuk, K. N. (2008). What variables appear to work in stress management programs in the workplace and how effective are

these  programs  [Unpublished master’s final project]? The College of St. Scholastica.

Author: Panasuk, K. N.

Begin the reference with the author's last name first. then, add the initials for the first and middle names (if the middle name or middle initial is provided). add a period after each initial, and if there is a middle initial, add a space between the initials., year of publication: (2008)..

Next, in parentheses, list the year of publication, which appears on the title page or the title verso page (back side of title page). Follow the parentheses with a period.   

Title & Subtitle of the Book: What variables appear to work in stress management programs in the workplace and how effective are these programs [Unpublished master's final project]?

Next, add the title and subtitle of the master's thesis, dissertation, final applied project, or capstone. The title and subtitle are separated by a colon. Capitalize only the first word of the title and subtitle and all proper nouns.  Italicize the title and subtitle. Do not add a period immediately after the title. Instead, add brackets with the type of project (Master's project, doctoral dissertation, etc.) you are referencing. Before the type of project add "Unpublished". When choosing wording to describe the project, use the language the degree-granting institution uses to describe the project (e.g., Master's thesis, Doctoral dissertation, Final Applied Project, Capstone Project, Clinical Project, etc.). Add a period after the brackets. If the title has a question mark or exclamation mark, replace the period after the brackets with the proper punctuation mark used in the title.   

Source Information: The College of St. Scholastica.

Complete the reference with the source information, which is the full name of the college or university awarding the degree. add a period after the institution's name.  more information:.

For more information about master's theses, dissertations, or capstone projects, Section 10.6 on pages 333-334 in the APA Manual, 7th edition.

Parenthetical Citation Example:

 (Panasuk, 2008)

Narrative Citation Example:

Panasuk (2008) identified ...

For more information about author format within parenthetical and narrative citations, see Section 8.17 and Table 8.1 on page 266 of the APA Manual, 7th edition. 

Master's Thesis Published in a Commercial Database (like ProQuest Dissertations & Theses)

When creating references for dissertations, theses, and projects, you will need to determine the correct reference type to follow. Dissertations, theses, and projects are generally divided into two separate groups; those that are published and those that are unpublished. In most cases, published projects are those that are available in a database, a university archive, or a personal website. 

Skallet, S. (2016). Environmental approval duration estimating model for improved linear energy construction project schedules  (Publication No.

10125148)  [Master's capstone project, The College of St. Scholastica]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. 

Author: Skallet, S.

Begin the reference with the author's last name first. then, add the initials for the author's first and middle names (if a middle name or middle initial is provided). add a period after each initial, and if there is a middle initial, add a space between the initials.     year of publication: (2016)..

Next, in parentheses, add the year of publication, which appears on the title page or the title page verso (back side of title page). Follow the parentheses with a period.   

Title & Subtitle of the Book:  Environmental approval duration estimating model for improved linear energy construction project schedules  (Publication No. 10125148) [Master's capstone project, The College of St. Scholastica].

Next, add the title and subtitle (if there is a subtitle) of the capstone, final applied project, thesis, or dissertation. Separate the title and subtitle with a colon. Capitalize only the first word of the title and subtitle and all proper nouns. Italicize the title. Do NOT add a period after the title.

After the title, in parentheses, add the publication number (normally found in the record of the project within ProQuest). Before the publication number put "Publication No." Do NOT add a period after the parentheses. 

After the publication number, add brackets with the type of project (Master's thesis, Master's capstone project, doctoral dissertation, etc.) you are referencing. Use the language described by the degree-granting institution to describe the project. Then, add a comma and the name of the institution. Add a period after the brackets.      

Source Information: ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. 

Complete the reference with the commercial database where you found the masters thesis/project. end with a period.    more information:  .

For more information on Master's Theses/Projects, see Section 10.6 on pages 333-334 in the APA Manual, 7th edition.

 (Skallet, 2016)

Skallet (2016) argued ...

Dissertation Published Online

Adame, A. (2019). Fully immersed, fully present: Examining the user experience through the multimodal presence scale and virtual reality gaming

variables [Master's thesis, California State University San Bernardino]. CSUSB ScholarWorks Electronic Theses, Projects, &

Dissertations.  https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/918/

Author: Adame, A. 

Begin the reference with the author's last name first. Then, add the initials of the author's first and middle names (if a middle name or middle initial is provided). Add a period after each initial, and if there is a middle initial, add a space between the initials. 

Year of Publication: (2019). 

Next, in parentheses, add the year of publication, which appears on the title page or the title verso page (back side of the title page). Follow the parentheses with a period. 

Title & Subtitle of the Book: Fully immersed, fully present: Examining the user experience through the multimodal presence scale and virtual reality gaming variables [Master's thesis, California State University San Bernardino]. 

Next, add the title and subtitle (if there a subtitle present) of the thesis or project. Separate the title and subtitle with a colon. Capitalize only the first word of the title and subtitle as well as proper nouns. Italicize the title and subtitle. Do NOT add a period after the title. Instead, after the title, add brackets with the type of project (Master's thesis, doctoral dissertation, etc.) you are referencing. Use the language described by the degree-granting institution to describe the project. Then, add a comma and the name of the institution. Add a period after the brackets.   

Source Information: CSUSB ScholarWorks Electronic Theses, Projects, & Dissertations.  https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/918/

Complete the reference with the name of the website or archive where you found the project. After the name of the website or archive, add a period. Then, add the URL to the project. 

For more information about Master's Theses or Projects, see Section 10.6 on page 333 and example 66 on page 334 in the APA Manual, 7th edition. 

(Adame, 2019)

Adame (2019) distinguished between ...

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• School of Arts & Sciences
• College of Arts & Sciences
• Graduate Division

• Senior Honors Thesis
• Undergraduate Programs
• Research & Study Abroad

The information on this page applies to all HSOC majors in the class of 2025 and beyond.

A senior honors thesis in the Health & Societies major is a substantial independent research project completed over the course of a year (or two consecutive semesters).  The honors thesis is an analytical research essay of 12,500-20,000 words, plus bibliography, that is researched and written under supervision of an advisor, during the fall or spring of the senior year after completion of an HSOC capstone course. Students who successfully complete all the requirements will earn the distinction of “honors” upon graduating from Penn.

For information on eligibility, application requirements, and the honors thesis process, please read the information on this page in full.

Health & Societies (HSOC) Senior Honors Thesis

A senior honors thesis in the Health and Societies (HSOC) major is a substantial independent research project completed over the course of a year (or two consecutive semesters) – during the fall or spring of the senior year, after completion of an HSOC capstone course. This thesis, or analytical research essay, must be researched and written under supervision of an advisor and should be 12,500 to 20,000 words, plus bibliography. An appropriate thesis will be historically grounded and may use historical, anthropological, and/or sociological methods and approaches. For this reason, students must have an advisor in the HSSC department but may also have a co-advisor in another department*. Students who successfully complete all the requirements will earn the distinction of “honors” upon graduating from Penn.

All students who wish to write an honors thesis must first complete a capstone research paper. This introduction to a research project helps students figure out if they like doing this kind of work. It also helps students learn their strengths, weaknesses, and interests as researchers. Students accepted into the honors program enroll in an independent study with an HSOC faculty advisor that need not have been the capstone instructor.* During the independent study, students are required to meet with their faculty advisor, to submit assignments and drafts, and to meet regularly (once or twice per month) with peers in the HSOC honors program. The exact final form that the honors thesis takes is ultimately up to students to work out with their advisors, but the norm in HSOC has been for students to write a thesis in the form of three substantive chapters that total ~80 pages (or approximately 20,000 words). This style of thesis has been successful for our program, with many of our students going on to win prestigious awards for their thesis work and getting pieces of their research published in both popular and scholarly outlets. 

* If no one on the HSOC faculty has the expertise you need to help you with your project, you may request a co-advisor. Please reach out to the Associate Director of Undergraduate Studies for more information on how co-advising can work.  

Application Information 

Fall completion . Applications from students in the spring of their junior year are due by no later than 11:59 p.m. on the date of Penn’s Commencement ( May 20, 2024 ). Students will be notified by early June about their status.

Spring completion . Applications from students in the fall of their senior year are due by no later than 11:59 p.m. on the last day of the fall semester ( Dec. 19, 2024 ). Students will be notified about their status in early January, after the capstone final grade has been submitted.  

Eligibility and Application Requirements

•  Students must have at least a 3.6 GPA in the HSOC major and a 3.3 GPA overall.
•  Students are eligible to apply only in the spring of their junior year or the fall of their senior year.
• Students must earn an “A” or higher in their HSOC capstone course completed during the spring of their junior year or the fall of their senior year.
• Students must obtain written letters of support from their capstone instructor AND an approved HSOC faculty advisor (they do not need to be the same person, but they can be). If a student plans to have a co-advisor outside of the History and Sociology of Science department, then they will also need them to submit a letter of support.
• Students must submit a five-page thesis proposal along with a completed capstone paper. The proposal should include: (1) the project title (2) project description (3) a discussion of how the work relates to the capstone paper (i.e. Will it expand on the capstone? Head in a different direction? Etc.) (4) a timeline and plan for completing the research and writing of the thesis and (5) a two- to three-page bibliography that includes the key primary and secondary sources.  

Application materials

• A one-page letter of interest that explains why you want to do an honors project. Please include your GPA and grade requirements in this letter.
• Your thesis proposal.
• Your capstone paper.
• Your letters of support from your capstone instructor and your advisor(s) (if this is the same person, you will only need one letter). Recommenders email these letters directly to the Associate Director of Undergraduate Studies.  

Selection process

All applications will be reviewed by a departmental committee. Acceptance into the honors program will be based on the following criteria:

• Applicants meet all eligibility requirements.
• Applications are completed as per the instructions outlined here and submitted by the deadline. (No late applications will be considered)
• The project described is carefully planned and fits within the goals and parameters of the HSOC major, and the applicant demonstrates a convincing ability to complete it successfully in the time available.
• The applicant has the enthusiastic support of their capstone instructor and advisor.
• If funding or other outside research support is required (i.e. the project requires travel, IRB approval, or participant enrollment), the applicant can provide evidence that this support has been—or will most likely be—secured.  

Additional considerations

Please note that, while it is possible to complete an honors project during the fall and spring of your senior year, it may be more challenging because you will not have the summer months to work on it. There are only a few short weeks between the end of the fall semester and the beginning of the spring semester. For this reason, the selection committee will need to be convinced beyond all doubt that fall applicants are well-positioned to complete their project in the time available.

We advise students to take no more than three courses in addition to the thesis independent study. Previous HSOC thesis writers have also advised against courses that require substantial in-class time each week and classes in which there is a heavy research/writing commitment at the end of the semester. 

Completing an honors thesis can be a wonderful experience. However, please note that in addition to our eligibility and application review guidelines outlined above, acceptance into the honors program will necessarily be limited by the resources of our small department. Although HSOC is one of the largest undergraduate majors in the College of Arts and Sciences, we have a relatively small faculty and program staff. Please keep this in mind as you begin your application process.  

Senior Thesis Writing Project

A student will receive honors after completion of a successful and high-quality written thesis and participation in Senior Research Symposium (typically scheduled in late April or early May, during or near the spring term Reading Days).  Your thesis can build on material from your capstone, but you cannot simply submit a revised draft of your capstone paper. Your capstone might turn into a chapter of your thesis, for example, or you might decide to break your capstone paper into smaller topics which you then research and delve into more thoroughly, turning one paper into a more extensive and fully developed, three-chapter thesis. Alternatively, you may decide that your honors thesis takes you in a new direction altogether and has relatively little overlap with your capstone. Any of these options are fine, as long as you are able to complete the thesis in the time that is available to you, it is original, and it shows substantial and significant work that distinguishes it from your capstone paper.

It takes two consecutive semesters to complete an honors thesis in HSOC. In your first semester, you enroll in and complete a capstone seminar. Towards the end of your capstone course, you will decide if you want to expand or build upon what you learned through your capstone research and write an honors thesis. If you are accepted into the honors program, then the following semester you will enroll in an independent study directed by your thesis supervisor. During your independent study semester, you will be expected to meet at least once/month with your thesis advisor for regular check-ins. You will also be expected to meet once/month with your cohort to discuss your progress, trouble-shoot, and provide feedback on drafts. Along the way, there are deadlines for specific deliverables that MUST be adhered to. Failure to meet deadlines during your independent study semester will negatively affect your ability to successfully complete the honors program.

Students who apply to the program in the spring of their junior year are also expected to utilize the summer for research, idea development, and planning. Students who apply to the program in the fall of their senior year must begin research over the comparatively shorter winter break and do not have the benefit of these additional summer months.  

Honors Determination

Honors will be determined both by the grade given by your advisor and through a review by the senior thesis committee. Generally, a thesis needs to earn a grade of A- or above to be considered for honors.  

Timeline and deliverables

You must meet at least three times with your advisor and at least three times with your cohort during the semester of your independent study.  

September (after Labor Day) / January (within the first 10 days of the semester).

(by no later than Sept. 10, 2024 or Jan. 29, 2025)

(1)  first advisor meeting

(2)  first cohort meeting

Make sure you meet with your advisor first, prior to your cohort meeting, so you can discuss these questions with them and obtain their signature.

(1)  A one- to two-page write-up that answers the following questions:

• What research have you completed?
• Is there any research you still need to complete?
• What writing have you completed?
• What is your timeline for completion?

(2)  During your first meeting with your advisor, develop a list of appointment times for the semester and a calendar for completion as a contract signed by your advisor. Bring this to the cohort meeting.  

October (after Fall break) / February (last week of the month)

(by no later than Oct. 11, 2024 or Feb. 28, 2025)

(1)  advisor meeting

(2)  cohort meeting

Make sure you meet with your advisor before your cohort meeting to discuss the following materials and obtain your advisor’s approval:

(1)  A one- to two-page document that includes

• A thesis statement
• A brief outline of thesis chapters
• One paragraph stating what has been completed, what remains to be done, and dates for completing those chapters, signed by your advisor.

November (before Thanksgiving) / April (first full week)

(by no later than Nov. 22, 2024 or April 11, 2025)

(2)  cohort meeting  

Please make sure you have done the following at least one full week before your meetings:

(by no later than Nov. 15, 2024 or April 4, 2025)

• Submit a full draft (introduction, all chapters, conclusion) of your thesis to your advisor

December / May

A copy of the final draft of the thesis and of your original capstone paper are due by email to your advisor and to the Associate Director of Undergraduate Studies by 11:59 p.m. on the last day of the semester (Dec. 19, 2024 or May 13, 2025). There are NO extensions and NO incompletes. Failure to turn in these materials by this deadline means you will not be eligible to receive honors.

The final, polished, formatted, printed version (one bound copy each for you, for your advisor, and for the HSSC department) is due to your advisor and to the Associate Director of Undergraduate Studies by 11:59 p.m. on Feb. 1 or June 1.

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Home > CUNY Graduate Center > Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects > 4015

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Engaging neighbors: housing strategies and political mobilization in moscow's renovation.

Anna Zhelnina , The Graduate Center, City University of New York Follow

Date of Degree

Document type.

Dissertation

Degree Name

James M. Jasper

Committee Members

Sharon Zukin

Philip Kasinitz

Jan Willem Duyvendak

Subject Categories

Civic and Community Engagement | Politics and Social Change | Urban Studies and Planning

housing strategies, strategic interaction, urban politics, urban renewal, Moscow

In summer 2017, residents of thousands of socialist-era apartment buildings in Moscow were invited to vote and decide whether their building should be included in the demolition and relocation program proposed by the Mayor’s Office. Renovation is an ongoing urban renewal plan, first announced in Moscow in February 2017, to demolish whole neighborhoods of socialist-era, five-story buildings and replace them with high-rises. The vast project affected more than 5,000 buildings with approximately a million inhabitants.

This dissertation addresses general questions of political agency and the possibility for diverse people in urban neighborhoods to produce change: to achieve desired policy outcomes, transform the rules of political interactions and the configuration of players in the urban political field. Inevitably, the interests, aspirations, and strategies of these people differ. In this thesis, I explore how these different aspirations and different life experiences clash, overlap, and develop into collective strategies, which can transform the relationships of the urban political field. To connect the experiences of Moscow residents facing urban renewal with the longstanding sociological debates, I synthesize theories of agency and strategy, theories of strategic interaction in social movement research, and urban scholarship on citizenship.

Housing is a fundamental human goal, and ways of achieving and keeping a proper home shape a person’s housing strategy . Renovation soon turned into a housing struggle. The reason it sparked a high degree of mobilization in a relatively politically apathetic society is the thing it targeted: housing is literally the issue closest to home, able to provoke even politically indifferent people to act. I seek to demonstrate that political action partly grows out of individual strategies, motivations, aspirations, and feelings. These personal strategies, too, result in turn from earlier social and cultural processes.

Renovation pulled Muscovites into the urban political field , a configuration of interactive arenas where decisions about the city in general and its specific parts can be negotiated. Setting foot in one arena could also motivate citizens to further explore the outlines of the field, and engage in interactions in further linked arenas, such as municipal elections. Previously, not many Muscovites had used or even known about the different arenas of urban and local politics, but the shock of potentially losing their home in Renovation exposed those structures to more citizens than ever before. People learned and tried out individual arenas, learned about the connections between different political arenas, and created new arenas, for example, homeowners’ assemblies or meetings of the new activist communities.

Recommended Citation

Zhelnina, Anna, "Engaging Neighbors: Housing Strategies and Political Mobilization in Moscow's Renovation" (2020). CUNY Academic Works. https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/4015

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• Provide a financial donation to support the project
• Deliver constructive feedback to the students
• Offer feedback to the faculty for continuous course improvement

Project Budgeting

• Projects need to be identified, scoped, and budgeted by Aug. 1 in collaboration with the respective department lead
• Materials and consumables required to execute the project
• Travel required for students to visit the sponsor/client
• Support for the graduate student teaching assistants
• Shop and lab equipment usage and maintenance

Capstone Program Contacts

Matthew Swenson Program Director Mechanical Engineering [email protected] 208-885-9029

Steven Beyerlein Mechanical Engineering [email protected] 208-885-4932

Bruce Bolden Computer Science [email protected] 208-885-5422

Dev Shrestha Biological Engineering [email protected] 208-885-7545

Feng Li Electrical and Computer Engineering [email protected] 208-885-7571

Herb Hess Electrical and Computer Engineering [email protected] 208-885-4341

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HIST 498: Capstone-Voices of the Enslaved (Fall 2024): Library research guide

Find secondary sources.

• Library Search Search for books, articles, videos, and other UA library resources.
• WorldCat (FirstSearch) This link opens in a new window Find citations for books, journals, audio, video, and other digital materials from the collections of thousands of libraries around the world. Updated daily. Note: A free version of Worldcat is at worldcat.org

Scholarly journal articles:

• America: History & Life This link opens in a new window Find journal articles, book and media reviews, and dissertations covering historical research of the United States and Canada from 1964 to the present.
• Historical Abstracts This link opens in a new window Find citations to articles, books, and dissertations, covering the history of the world (excluding the United States and Canada) from 1450 to the present.

Your Librarian

Learn about primary sources

• What are primary sources and where can I find them?
• How can I find primary sources using Library Search?
• How can I find and use library databases that contain digitized primary sources?

Find digitized or published primary sources

• African American Newspapers, 1827-1998 This link opens in a new window Find fully digitized African American newspapers from more than 35 states.
• African Voices on Slavery and the Slave Trade, Volume 1: The Sources Find primary sources in this collection of European travel accounts, colonial documents, court cases, missionary records, folklore, oral traditions, songs, and more.
• Black Studies Center This link opens in a new window Find articles from Black newspapers, scholarly essays, and literary works, from the early 1800s onward.
• Confidential Print: Latin America, 1833-1969 This link opens in a new window Find papers (letters, telegrams, investigative reports, treaties, and more) from the British Foreign and Colonial Offices, covering Central and South America and the French- and Spanish-speaking Caribbean, 1833-1969. Useful for political, social, and economic research.
• Freedom on the Move A database of fugitives from American Slavery digital project
• Gale U.S. History In Context This link opens in a new window Find reference works, articles, and primary source documents that range from slave journals to presidential papers.
• Greek and Roman Slavery English translations of over 200 texts and inscriptions on slavery from fifth and fourth century Greece and Rome.
• Making of the Modern World Part I: The Goldsmiths' - Kress Collection, 1450-1850 This link opens in a new window Find primary sources that track the development of the modern, Western world through the lens of history, political science, social conditions, technology and industry, economics, area studies and more. Documents from the period 1450-1914.
• North American Slave Narratives From the Documenting the American South digital project
• Slave Biographies: The Atlantic Database Network
• Slavery, Abolition and Social Justice, 1490-2007 Trial database coming soon!
• Slavery and Anti-Slavery: A Transnational Archive Trial database coming soon!
• Slave Voyages: The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Digital project
• United Nations Digital Library Find documents, images, and more from the United Nations.
• Voices of the Enslaved: A Digital Humanities Approach to Encountering the Archive
• Voices Remembering Slavery: Freed People Tell Their Stories From the Library of Congress.
• Women and Slavery in America: A Documentary History Find primary documents including newspaper articles, cartoons, pamphlets, speeches, photographs, and memoirs examining the impact of slavery on women, both enslaved and free, African American and white, in the United States.

Cite sources

Chicago Manual of Style Online

Find details about how to cite books, journal articles, and other sources in Chicago style. Chapter 14 covers Notes and Bibliography , including specific instructions for citing photographs , maps , films , and other materials, published and unpublished, physical items or found online.  

• Last Updated: Aug 22, 2024 3:53 PM
• URL: https://libguides.library.arizona.edu/hist498-enslaved