thesis statement of jeepney phase out

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Iligan City National High School

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Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT

The Effect of Phasing out the Traditional Jeepney in Iligan City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Practical Research 1

Submitted by: Ortega, Noela Eve R. Bagas, CG Anthony E. Membesa, Lanielou M. Longgakit, Jonnafe B. Cahilo, Cheryl Moana Marie S. Lauron, Angel Mae N. Eroisa, Jacquelyn G. Bangcola, Jamel I.

Submitted to: Engr. Kevin N. Belza

Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT Chapter I The Effect of Phasing out the Traditional Jeepney in Iligan City Jeepneys are vehicles that were originally modified from the US military jeep back in World War II and have been an essential part of public transportation in the Philippines for nearly 80 years now. Jeepneys are an essential part of the public transportation system in the Philippines due to their flexibility with cheaper fees than any other vehicle. The vehicle has become a cultural icon and symbol of ingenuity. Although jeepneys have been important as public transportation in the Philippines they had given the government outrage due to their poor maintenance, safety records, and their contribution to global warming.

First launched in 2017, The Public Utility Vehicle Modernization (PUVMP) Program, or what is known as the "jeepney phase-out" was launched by the Department of Transportation of the Philippines. The Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB) deems the Philippines’ traditional jeepneys as unsafe and not environmentally friendly. The goal of the Jeepney Phase-out (PUVMP) is by making the country's public transportation system efficient and environmentally friendly. However, this has received major backlash from jeepney drivers who organized strikes to protest against the jeepney phase-out in the name of sustainability. Iligan City, located in Northern Mindanao, is one of the areas where the program is being implemented. The effect of jeepney modernization in Iligan City is a study that aims to investigate the impact of the modernization program on the transportation system and the economy of the city.

Background of the Study The jeepney modernization program is a policy of the Philippine government aimed at replacing outdated and inefficient jeepneys with modern, safer, and more environmentally

Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT software to find patterns, themes, and linkages. The study's findings are expected to provide insights into the effectiveness of Iligan City's jeepney renovation initiative and assist policymakers in making educated decisions about the future of public transportation in the area. The study could also serve as a model for other cities and municipalities planning to deploy Regenerate solutions.

Statement of the Problem The purpose of this research is to develop an evaluation of the Jeepney Phase-out proposed by the government as part of its Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program, whether this is truly an effective solution in replacing older and less efficient vehicles such as jeepneys with new, more efficient, and comfortable vehicles such as the minibus. Not just that, but also the effect it may have on individuals, particularly those from a lower-income background, who rely on a jeepney to commute to work and run errands.

Research Question

To what extent does the phasing out of jeepneys in Iligan City impact the quality of life of its residents, particularly those from lower-income backgrounds?
What are the alternative modes of transportation available to the affected individuals, and are they affordable and accessible?
Is the Jeepney Phase-out an effective solution for improving public transportation in the Philippines?
How does the Jeepney Phase-out affect the current job security of Jeepney drivers and mechanics?

Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT 5. How do passengers, particularly those from lower-income backgrounds, perceive the Jeepney Phase-out and its impact on their daily lives?

Scope and Delimitation of the Study The overall objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of phasing out the traditional Jeepneys in Iligan City, Philippines, and the impact it may have on the Jeepney drivers and commuters community. The study will mainly focus on Jeepney drivers as they are directly affected by the proposed change and commuters who rely on the Jeepney as their primary mode of transportation.

Significance of the Study

This research will help us to know the effect of the jeepney phaseout here in Iligan City. The hassle to the commuters, especially to the drivers and operators.

To Commuters, this study will explain the struggle and hassle of commuters by the issued law about phasing out the jeepneys. It would be a knowledge opener to them about the coming impact of this mandated law.

To Operators, the burden of operators, or the owners of the jeepneys would bear a lot of burdens. The loss of income of them would also affect their business. This study will aim to know all of that.

To the Drivers. They are one of the respondents of this study. This study showcases the impact of phasing out their rented jeepney which has been their job that provides for their needs.

Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT Chapter II Review of Related Literature A Program about phasing out the traditional Jeepney in the Philippines has faced major backlash from jeepney drivers. This literature review aims to examine the existing research on the relationship between the effects of phasing out Jeepneys by analyzing the available studies, this review will explore the potential effects, both positive and negative, of Jeepney Phase-out.

Related Literature

Kazuma (2023) advocates for a just transition of jeepneys that protects the most vulnerable in the population while pursuing sustainability.

Sustainability is more than just the environment. In pursuing a better future, we must leave no one behind. Climate actions should go hand-in-hand with social justice. It is not easy, but it is possible. All policies, innovations, and actions require robust multi-stakeholder participation and ensure the protection of the most vulnerable of the population.

The literature has provided valuable insights into the effects of the jeepney phase-out such as how it negatively affected the jeepney drivers. However, the article only provided limited information about the jeepney phase-out and its implication. It also focuses on the criticisms of the program but does not explore any alternative solutions that could address both sustainability and concerns of jeepney drivers. This also leads to another problem that the article lacks which it primarily highlights opposing views to the program such as the views of jeepney drivers and operators and doesn’t present a balanced view by including other stakeholders such as the government, environmental organizations, or commuters.

Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT This literature review highlights the views of the people who are highly affected by the Jeepney Phase-out. The Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB) have deemed Jeepney unsafe, launching a program that aims to make the country's public transportation system efficient and environmentally friendly. This can be achieved by replacing the 15-year-old jeepneys with new ones that are powered by an electric powertrain or a Euro 4-compliant diesel engine. This sparks outrage in the community, mainly from jeepney drivers and operators, who strongly disagree with the program. This outrage may shed some light on the program’s flaws and could find some alternatives to solve the problem.

Rivas (2023) stated in the article that jeepneys comprise only around 2% of the total vehicles in the Philippines, yet drivers are being effectively forced to get electric vehicles they can't afford.

According to Ralf Rivas, the article was all about the effects of jeepneys on operators and drivers saying it is anti-poor. According to the article, only 2% of jeepneys comprise registered vehicles in the Philippines out of 9 million registered vehicles. It was also sad about the carbon emission that contributes 15% of c20. So that’s why the LTRFB wants to implement a jeepney phase-out and introduce jeepney modernization or minibus. But the said plan also has a lot of negative impacts. First of all, the subsidy that the government will give was only 2% of 2 million. It can’t change the fact that it can’t help those operators and drivers who will purchase a newly modernized jeepney. Second is that the overall income of this driver every day has a minimum of 300-800 pesos, excluding the rent and gasoline fee. And their monthly salary can’t exceed 15k. Modernized Jeepneys are too expensive for them. Lastly, many divers would lose a job because of this and it will cause a lot of hassle and discomfort to commuters.

Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT road infrastructure. It makes note of the possible adverse consequences that the transition to new jeepneys might have on the lives of jeepney drivers and their families, as well as on the accessibility and cost of public transportation for low-income communities.

The jeepney phaseout program is a huge transformation that will have an impact on many sectors of Philippine society. To create a unified and sustainable transportation system that benefits all Filipinos, it is crucial to address social and cultural challenges related to the change. It offers valuable insight into the complex nature of the jeepney phaseout issue and the necessity for an all-encompassing strategy that takes into account the differing viewpoints and interests of stakeholders. It emphasizes how crucial it is for decision-making and planning procedures to strike a balance between social equity and justice issues and economic and environmental concerns.

In relation to our research study, this study has evidence that in order to support the jeepney vehicle, its passengers, road infrastructures, and its driver itself - the government must provide a program that give beneficial to them using a traditional jeepney vehicle' including earning money in driving. In addition, based on what we understood - people mostly prefer riding in a traditional jeepney' as this is the easiest way to ride anywhere and anytime. Also, the government agencies must provide or produce an environmentally friendly jeepney vehicle as this concerns the issue of air pollution in the community. The government should stay in using traditional jeepney vehicles as this is a sign of the Philippines' culture as well as drivers with low income.

Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT Conceptual Framework

Phasing out of Jeepneys. The act of replacing traditional Jeepneys with modern, safer, and more ecologically friendly vehicles as part of the Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program is referred to as phasing out Jeepneys. It entails putting rules and procedures in place to enforce the phase-out.

Quality of life. It refers to the impact of the Jeepney phase-out on the general well-being and living situations of Iligan City residents, particularly those from low-income families. It considers factors such as transit accessibility, price, convenience, and comfort.

Alternative Solutions. It focuses on discovering and analyzing alternative means of transportation accessible to impacted people. It evaluates the price, accessibility, and viability of various options as Jeepney replacements.

Effectiveness. It investigates the extent to which the Jeepney phase-out has enhanced Iligan City's public transit infrastructure. It takes into account variables such as efficiency, dependability, safety, and environmental effects.

Job security. It investigates and explores the influence of the Jeepney phase-out on Jeepney drivers' and technicians' existing employment security. It evaluates the possible loss of job prospects as well as the difficulties they may experience in transferring to new vehicles or other vocations.

Perception of passengers. particularly those from lower-income backgrounds, regarding the Jeepney phase-out and its impact on their daily lives. It takes into account their views, opinions, and experiences about changes in transportation alternatives.

Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT References

Kusuma, N. (2023, March 9). Is Jeepney Phase-Out a Just Transition to Sustainable Transport System? Green Network. greennetwork/news/is-jeepney-phase-out-a-just- transition-to-sustainable-transport-system/

Rivas, R. (2023, March 6). IN NUMBERS: Why jeepney phaseout is anti-poor, will do little for environment. Rappler. rappler/business/numbers-why- government-phaseout-jeepneys-anti-poor-do-little-environment/

Dela Peña, K. (2023, March 3). Jeepney phaseout: It’s more than just new vehicles. Inquirer. newsinfo.inquirer/1738024/jeepney-phaseout-its-more-than-just-new- vehicles

Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT Chapter III Research Methodology In this chapter, the researcher describes the methods and approaches that will be used to carry out the study, taking into account details like the research design that has been selected, the population that will be the subject of the study, the research tool used, and the precise methods used to collect the data.

Research Design

The research design for this study will be a mixed method to examine the impact of the jeepney phase-out. The investigators are given a wide range of design options that are suitable for this study as a result. Case studies will be utilized to adequately assess the individuals impacted by this government program, including the drivers and operators of jeepneys. This also applies to the government, which is on the other side of the issue and is responsible for the phase-out of the jeepney service. Additionally, the case study facilitates practical investigation of facts in their genuine context, particularly when the distinctions between phenomena and environment are not immediately clear.

By interviewing commuters about their opinions and experiences with the jeepney phase-out program, narrative inquiry will be used to gather information. The program's aforementioned affected individuals will likewise be subject to this. As a final point, narrative inquiry enables the researcher to examine the stories of experiences that occur to a person organically while allowing them to consider the interviewee's feelings.

Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT jeepneys but are impacted by the Phase-out in a variety of ways. These people will be chosen using simple random sampling to guarantee a balanced representation. The study can gather a wider range of perspectives and experiences relating to the Jeepney Phase-out by selecting participants at random from the larger community of Iligan City.

Purposive sampling will be used to choose a total of eight jeepney drivers and operators because the study's goals call for thorough data. These people will be able to contribute their invaluable expertise and experiences, enabling a greater comprehension of the implications and results of the Jeepney Phase-out. Additionally, approximately ten bystanders or jeepney commuters will be randomly selected using simple random sampling to capture the perspectives of individuals who may have varying levels of engagement with the jeepney system.

The choice to concentrate the study on Iligan City was purposeful. The researchers want to investigate the localized effects and distinctive dynamics of the Jeepney Phase-out within this city's socioeconomic and cultural landscape by conducting their research in this city's particular context. The study can delve into the complexities and subtleties of the Phase-out's influence on the neighborhood by focusing on a specific geographic area, providing insightful information that can guide future policy choices and transportation planning.

C. Research Instrument

Interviews and surveys will be the instruments utilized in this project to collect data. The primary reason these were selected is that it allows the questionnaires on the participants to

Running head: THE JEEPNEY PHASE-OUT EFFECT be open-ended and closed-ended questions. During an interview the participant will be able to express their full opinions on the jeepney phase-out, giving us more information that may or may not be significant. The interview will be conducted in a semi-structured fashion, allowing the interviewer to ask both prepared and unprepared questions to the participants.

Bystanders' opinions on the jeepney phase-out are best ascertained by surveying them because they won't be overly focused on scouting for an interview because they won't be much impacted by the program, this may also be applied to the heavily impacted participants of the program. The self-completion survey will be employed for the surveying process since it enables participants to thoughtfully contemplate giving us a high percentage of sensible replies.

D. Data Analysis

This study would involve the methodical collection of data, its evaluation, and the formulation of insightful findings. Researchers can use qualitative analysis approaches to delve into the narratives and qualitative data in order to assess the information gleaned through interviews and surveys. They can obtain a thorough understanding of the many viewpoints on the ramifications of the jeepney phase-out by identifying recurring themes and patterns. Additionally, descriptive statistics can be used to analyze the quantitative data acquired from surveys, which often include closed-ended questions.

Inferential statistical analysis may also be used, depending on the study's objectives and the type of data available. The researchers can guarantee a full assessment of the jeepney phase-out program's impact by using this multifaceted data analysis approach, which also allows them to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative data into their results and

Multiple Choice

Subject : Research Purpose

School : iligan city national high school.

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More from: Research Purpose Iligan City National High School 22 Documents Go to course