export business plan pakistan

How To Start Import Export Business In Pakistan

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Stepping into the import-export business is like unlocking the door to a world where Pakistan’s treasures can meet global demands. It’s a realm where entrepreneurs weave local products into the global tapestry, fostering growth and prosperity. This blog by tax consultancy covers the essence of such trade - buying from and selling to distant lands. In Pakistan, with its strategic trade routes and emerging markets, launching this business is not just profitable but a step towards economic vibrancy. Yet, the journey isn’t without hurdles; from regulatory mazes to market volatility. Here, we'll navigate through the benefits and challenges, simplifying the complex for Pakistan's spirited traders.

Join us as we explore this pathway to prosperity.

Table Of Content

What is the import export business & benefits to get, documents required for starting import export business in pakistan, steps to start import export business in pakistan, additional resources, glossary of terms.

The import-export business is the lifeblood of Pakistan's economy, bridging local brilliance with global markets. At its core, it involves importing goods that the country needs and exporting those it crafts with unique skill.

• Access to a wider market
• Increased sales and profits
• Diversification of products and risks
• Job creation and economic boost

Dive deep to spot products Pakistan craves; think textiles, sports goods, and agricultural commodities. Understand your rivals, know their moves. Hunt for suppliers and buyers who share your vision. Remember, it's about connecting local gems to global hands. Stay tuned as we chart out this trade expedition, mapping out the must-knows for Pakistan's trade enthusiasts and how to register a company in pakistan? .

Embarking on an import-export business in Pakistan is an adventure that begins with fulfilling key requirements. It's about laying the groundwork to ensure your trade dreams don't just take flight but soar. Below is a simplified guide, served on a platter in table form, detailing what you need to kick-start your global trading quest:

Each document is a stepping stone towards your goal, a testament to your commitment to forging paths in international trade. Handle them with the care they deserve, and you'll set the stage for a thriving venture on the global market stage.

Embarking on an import-export venture in Pakistan is akin to setting sail on the trade winds. To help your business journey catch the right gust, here are pivotal steps outlined:

Conduct Market Research

Like a cartographer mapping uncharted territories, delve into market research. It’s about understanding the demands of the land—what products do local hearts desire, and what goods can you offer to distant shores? Scrutinise market trends, pinpoint consumer needs, and peer into what your competition is doing right or missing entirely. This knowledge is your compass in the vast ocean of commerce.

Find Suppliers and Customers

Forge alliances with trustworthy suppliers whose products are the lifeblood of your trade. Meanwhile, let your entrepreneurial spirit seek out customers, the destinations for your goods. Whether through social media, trade fairs, or old-school networking, connect your business to those who need it most.

Obtain the Necessary Import and Export Licences

Securing the right paperwork is your rite of passage. In Pakistan, this means getting your National Tax Number (NTN), registering with the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) , and acquiring an import-export licence. These documents are your anchor, keeping your business steady against regulatory tides.

Arrange for Shipping and Logistics

Now, turn your gaze to the high seas and skies—arrange for shipping and logistics. It’s about ensuring your treasures reach their destinations. Partner with reliable freight forwarders and logistics providers who navigate the complex routes of global trade with finesse.

Process Payments and Customs Clearance

The final hurdle is mastering the art of payments and customs clearance . Equip yourself with knowledge of international payment methods—be it letters of credit or wire transfers. Concurrently, untangle the knots of customs procedures to ensure your goods move smoothly through ports.

Each step is a stroke on the canvas of your import-export dreams. With diligence and the right guidance, such as that provided by TaxConsultancy, your business is poised to paint a success story that spans continents.

• Trade Development Authority of Pakistan (TDAP)
• Federal Board of Revenue (FBR)
• Chambers of Commerce and Industry (CCI)
• Import: The bringing of goods into a country from another country.
• Export: The sending of goods out of a country to another country.
• Supplier: A company that provides goods to another company.
• Customer: A company or individual that buys goods from another company.
• Freight forwarder: A company that helps businesses with the shipping and logistics of their goods.
• Customs clearance: The process of obtaining permission from the customs authorities to

In essence, to navigate the bustling trade waters of Pakistan's import-export realm is to embark on an adventure rich with promise. Arm yourself with vital knowledge, from obtaining an NTN to securing chamber membership, and anchor each transaction with trust and transparency. Your entrepreneurial spirit, coupled with TaxConsultancy's guidance, will be the beacon that steers your business towards a prosperous horizon. With every product that crosses borders, you weave a stronger economic tapestry for Pakistan, nurturing not just a business but a legacy.

Q1. How do I begin my import-export journey in Pakistan?

Embark on this journey with a clear vision. Secure your National Tax Number (NTN) and become a member of your local Chamber of Commerce. Knowledge is power; ensure you are well-versed in the products and markets you intend to explore.

Q2. What documents are critical for starting an import-export business?

Your documentary arsenal should include a Commercial Invoice, Packing List, and Bills of Lading, among others. These are your shields and swords in the trade battle.

Q3. Do I need a licence for export from Pakistan?

Not typically, but tread carefully and check for specific product regulations. Your export adventure is mostly licence-free, yet being informed is key.

Q4. What about importing goods into Pakistan?

Sales Tax Registration doubles as your import licence. Treat it with respect; it's the gateway to your import conquests.

Q5. How can I ensure that my products clear customs without hassle?

Clarity and honesty are your best friends. Prepare accurate and detailed documents, and customs will be a breeze, rather than a storm to weather.

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Export from Pakistan: a guide for Pakistan SME Exporters

Pakistan is a major exporter, distributing cotton, textiles, chemicals and industrial raw materials around the world. Continuing to grow in 2020, despite the global pandemic, if you’re an SME exporter in Pakistan and thinking of expanding overseas, now might be a great opportunity.

Exporting goods on an international scale can seem daunting at first, but with the professional support and intelligent digital tools from Alibaba.com , the world’s largest B2B trade portal, and this ultimate guide for Pakistan exporters, it has never been easier to grow your business internationally and meet overseas demand for your products and goods.

In our ultimate guide for Pakistan exporters, we’re going to reflect on the current economic climate, discuss Pakistan’s export industry and geo-economic benefits, and reveal key opportunities for businesses from Pakistan and how to launch an SME in Pakistan exporting goods around the world.

Table of Contents

Exporting from Pakistan & the global pandemic

Discover the top exported goods from pakistan, top export destinations from pakistan, why smes in pakistan should sell internationally.

• How to start exporting from Pakistan?
• Case study: Alibaba.com Pakistan exporter

Despite international travel restrictions, national lockdowns and economic uncertainty, Pakistan’s export industry has continued to thrive during the global pandemic.

Pakistan is not immune to the economic hardship caused by the global pandemic and the country did record a 34 per cent drop in exports in early 2020, but its new industrial strategy, “Make in Pakistan” has helped exporters to stay strong through these unusual and unstable economic times.

With a strong relationship with China, in the first quarter of 2020, Pakistan saw bilateral trade increase. In the second quarter, there was an initial dip due to international travel restrictions, but as the year draws to an end, the country continues to see growth and opportunity in abundance. The updated China-Pakistan Free Trade Agreement (FTA) has made over 300 items duty-free 1 in order to allow Pakistan and China to access each other’s countries, including fisheries and pharmaceuticals.

Pakistan is a major manufacturer and exporter of the N95 face mask, and with the “Make in Pakistan” strategy, tariffs, regulatory duty and customs duty were eliminated, helping boost the Pakistan economy further. The country also produced homemade PPE equipment and as the global pandemic spread across the world, received orders worth over $100 million. Federal Minister for Science and Technology Fawad Chaudhry said ‘Pakistan is a major exporter of materials for protection against the coronavirus.’ 2

Pakistan-China also cooperates in all areas, from defense to security, to trade, investment, education, science and culture. Perhaps this strong tie and Pakistan’s close proximity to both India and China has helped its economy to remain strong even in these uncertain times. When travel restrictions caused chaos for airlines and exporters around the world, Pakistan was able to transport goods by rail or road to India and China.

For SMEs in Pakistan, an international demand for affordable goods and in particular PPE will continue into the new year. Personal protection equipment is certainly an interesting sector to focus on at the moment, but there are also plenty of opportunities to move into other industries such as homeware, casual clothing and health food too. As people invest more in their health, home and comfort, Pakistan can provide cotton, clothing, soft furnishings and superfood supplies around the world.

So, what are the current opportunities for SMEs in Pakistan in relation to exporting internationally?

Traditionally Pakistan exports leather goods, raw industrial materials, cotton, textiles and chemicals but as many industries struggle to stay open, there are new and emerging markets that SMEs in Pakistan could target and move into. From health supplies and superfood, to homeware and soft furnishings, for the next 6 to 12 months at least, hundreds of thousands of professionals will be working from home and looking to improve their lifestyle, home and health, and this is a massive market to explore. Let’s take a look at some key opportunities for Pakistan exporters.

The top 10 exported goods from Pakistan are as follows:

• Knit or crochet clothing
• Optical, technical and medical apparatus
• Mineral fuels
• Fish and poultry
• Sugar and confectionary

To adapt to the global pandemic and new buyer trends, SMEs in Pakistan hoping to export overseas should consider the following new and emerging markets to diversify and rethink their business model and product range.

• Casual and comfortable footwear. Pakistan has always had advantage in textile and clothing exporting. With Coronavirus spreading around the globe, people are advocated to stay at home, work from home, cutting down outdoor activities but the demand of comfortable home wears is on the rise. The search popularity of the term ‘slippers’ has increased by 189% on Alibaba.com from Feb 2020 to July 2020.
• Women’s nightwear and activewear. No need to dress up for work or a dinner date, the demand for pajamas, lingerie and activewear such as yoga pants is steadily increasing around the world. From underwear and socks to parent-child wear, more people are choosing to invest in comfortable, cozy clothing to wear while staying safe and at home. Pakistan is rich in cotton production and exporting, thus it should seize the opportunity to export more cotton wears.
• Superfood and health supplies. As the global pandemic makes us more conscious about our weight, lifestyle choices and health, there is more demand for immune-boosting superfoods, healthier snacks and weight loss aids. According to Alibaba.com’s industry reports , consumers will be searching for healthier products, hygiene and immunity goods. Vitamin E rich nuts such as pistachios, almonds and walnuts are becoming more popular in Europe and are being used to make homemade bread and pastries, oatmeal and salads. Pakistan is already a major exporter of nuts, so businesses selling seeds, nuts and other healthy snacks should promote their immune-boosting benefits to attract overseas buyers.

Pakistan exports to the US, UK, UAE and China as its major destinations. As the UK and US continue to battle the global pandemic and are forced to use national lockdowns to combat the rising numbers of Covid-19 cases, travel restrictions remain in place, causing issues for companies importing products from Pakistan.

However, as Pakistan shares a boarder with China, orders are flowing in from the Chinese market. In fact, according to Shahid Sattar, Secretary General at the All Pakistan Textile Mills Association, Pakistan’s garment manufacturers are operating near maximum capacity, with many companies unable to take order for the next six months 3 .

Pakistan is said to be on track to increase its exports by up to $12 billion by 2024 4 , even with the global pandemic disruptions and economic impact. With the ability to mass manufacture in-demand goods and supply to China, India, Bangladesh and US among other countries, there is room for even small SME exporters in Pakistan to grow. With government strategies now giving exporters a helping hand to supply the global demand for PPE, clothing and medical equipment, businesses should start selling internationally now.

Here are some more benefits of exporting products from Pakistan.

Benefits of exporting from Pakistan

Conveniently located in the heart of Asia, Pakistan is well positioned to export goods. From its close relationship with China to its ability to transport goods to Iran and across India, the country provides a gateway to the rest of the world.

Not only is Pakistan in a great spot, but it has the infrastructure and legal system in place to accommodate mass international exporting. Transport goods via road, rail, air or sea and protect your business with Pakistan’s modern legal system. Strategies such as the “Make in Pakistan” initiative are also helping to support cross-border trade and giving SMEs in Pakistan an economic step up to branch out into new markets around the world.

The demand for mangoes, berries, rice and citrus fruit in China has led to the two countries working together to develop a reliable supply chain for high-quality food.

Pakistan also has a high number of English speakers, making it easy to market to UK and US customers online. Links with the UK and in particular Pakistani migrant communities helps to build trust and reliability between sellers and customers.

Cons of exporting from Pakistan

One major challenge for Pakistan exporters is their product range. For years Pakistan has continued to export primarily raw materials and simple manufactured goods instead of developing and offer high-value products. By sticking to labor-intensive technology, the country will be hit hard, should demand for these goods drop, as a vast amount of the population works in manufacturing and exporting goods. It’s important for Pakistan to focus on a long-term development strategy in order to continue to advance and be a world leading exporter.

How to start exporting from Pakistan

So, if you’re ready to start exporting products internationally, first you’ll need to choose an industry, sector and product range. Alibaba.com has a library of free resources and industry reports to help you discover products in demand, industries on the rise and international buyer behavior, so it’s a good idea to start here if you need some advice and guidance. Once you’ve chosen what you want to sell, it’s time to consider how you will reach your intended overseas customers. Alibaba.com’s international marketplace will help you market your business online and start selling goods for buyers from around the world.

Of course, determining the industry you want to invest in and export is far from enough to run a SME in Pakistan, because there will be many details, licenses, policies you must have a full knowledge of to export your goods overseas. Don’t worry if it sounds quite complicated, as we have broken down the steps and matters need attention here for you:

1. Research & define your international target market to succeed

After you have a product range ready, it’s time for you to consider in details that what kind of international customers are you targeting at ? You can lock your potential buyers through following aspects:

• Do they speak English, Chinese or Arabic?
• Do they value fast delivery?
• Are they interested in bulk purchases or single items?
• Will you be offering a sample or not?
• Is there a minimum order requirement ?
• Are they using a smartphone, tablet or desktop device?
• Are they the end consumer or another business?
• Is price a concern or quality more important to them?
• Will you offer discounts for repeat buyers?
• What are their interests and values?

Alibaba.com is a mature international marketplace for global SMEs. You will definitely find buyers from all over world through Alibaba.com. However, before formally sell your products overseas, you must understand and prepare all the necessary regulations, licenses and relative polices. Following are the potential costs to set up an export company:

2. Rules & regulations for exporting overseas

Here are some legal requirements you’ll need to follow to open an import-export business in Pakistan.

Company Registration:

First step is to get your firm registered as the fundamental step for all business.

NTN - National Tax Number:

To open an import or export business in Pakistan you’ll need a national tax number 5 issued by the Income Tax Department under the name of your company or firm.

Chamber of Commerce Membership:

You should also be registered with the Chamber of Commerce and have a membership.

Sales Tax Registration:

Another important requirement in Pakistan is to have a sales tax registration, if you are going to be importing goods as well as exporting them.

Bank Account:

Be sure to open a bank account for the company, as it is necessary for both imports and exports.

Import Export License:

Certain goods do require an exporter in Pakistan to obtain a license, but often the sales tax registration replaces the need to hold an import export license.

3. Expenses of running an SME in Pakistan

The cost of running an SME in Pakistan and exporting products worldwide needs to be considered. The cost of manufacturing goods, packaging items and paying employees, along with the fees to ship goods internationally all need to be considered in order to run a profitable Pakistan export company. From storing products in warehouses, customs duty and transporting goods, to business insurance and documentation, these fees can quickly add up and should be considered before formatting your pricing structure. To help you to understand the expenses you might face when selling to international customers, let’s discuss some common fees most international exporters face.

Logistics & freight: A seller can be responsible for transporting and storing goods. This can include transporting items from one warehouse to another, or shipping cargo to a port. Logistics form the backbone of international trade and you should be aware of the cost and expenses of shipping goods to each destination, and whether it’s by sea, rail, road or air. High volume orders are commonly exported by sea, but high value and low weight items are sent via air.

Read more: Air freight vs ocean freight: how to choose

Insurance: This depends on whether you want to offer customers insurance for their goods or not. Having an insurance policy to protect your customers will help you to build trust and increase sales.

Buying stock: Investing in products and goods can be expensive and cause a cash flow problem. This is why researching market demand and buyer behavior is so important for exporters.

Paying employers: Running a business will often involve hiring employees and if you plan to expand overseas, you might need to hire more people to meet an increase in demand. This expense must be taken into consideration in order to run a profitable SME in Pakistan.

Documentation and duty: Depending on the Incoterms used, an exporter can be responsible for custom proceedings and should be able to provide all the relevant documentation to export products. You could hire a customs broker in order to help this process go as smoothly as possible as things can get quite complicated.

Packaging and labelling: Protecting delicate items such as medical equipment and health supplements while in transit comes down to high-quality packaging. As an exporter, you’ll need to pick your packaging carefully or risk dealing with unhappy customers when their orders arrive damaged. Invest in packaging and labels and create a positive unboxing experience for your customers and generate positive reviews and repeat buyers.

4. Figuring out international billing & payments

Making a sale is great news but how will you get paid? There are four commonly used payment methods by international buyers that you should be aware of:

Credit card:

Easy to use and allows you to secure an advance payment for sellers.

Wire Transfer:

Secure and preferred for cash in advance payments, you will need to provide payment details and your business address to process an international payment. There will usually be a fee involved and this can either be added to the buyer’s bill or paid by the seller.

Escrow Service:

Giving customers the confidence that their goods will be sent, an Escrow service can be beneficial for both sellers and international buyers. A third party will hold onto the payment and only release it once the goods have been received.

Payment by check:

Pretty outdated, this is considered the last option if buyers can’t accept another payment method.

How QST International, a Pakistan manufacturer, grew 35 times its revenue over ten years with Alibaba.com

QST International is a family-run business established in Siakot, Pakistan, in 1989 by Tanveer Ahmed’s father. The company manufactures and sells high-quality boxing gear, weight-lifting products, workout clothes and activewear. QST has always wanted to export its products to international market but has failed to secure enough export orders until it met Alibaba.com.

Tanveer Ahmed started to take the leadership of QST in 2007. He started to expand into eCommerce, and valued Alibaba.com as the best option because it had the greatest number of serious business buyers .

“After 10-years of hard work on Alibaba.com, my family business has grown 35 times in revenue, having 170 employees in total. We are now a 100% export business, with 80% of our orders coming from Alibaba.com.”       - Tanveer Ahmed

Find out more about his inspiring story here .

Want to know more about how Alibaba.com can help Pakistan exporters like you grow your business and get more orders? Speak to an expert now.

References: 1. https://tribune.com.pk/story/2263595/the-real-made-in-pakistan 2. https://www.dawn.com/news/1575199 3. https://dailytimes.com.pk/688693/pakistans-textile-hub-revives-as-50k-shut-power-looms-re-open/ 4. https://www.arabnews.pk/node/1717786/pakistan 5. https://www.fbr.gov.pk/categ/register-income-tax/51147/30846/71148

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A Detailed Introduction to Import-Export Businesses in Pakistan

Are you considering opening an import-export enterprise in Pakistan? Are you interested in forming a business partnership with an import-export firm that possesses both dependability and experience? There is no need to look any further than the MRC Group. In this post, we will present a thorough reference to import-export companies in Pakistan, as well as explain why the MRC Group is the ideal choice for your company’s specific requirements.

An Overview of Pakistan’s Import and Export Markets

Because of its location at the intersection of Asia, the Middle East, and Europe, the nation of Pakistan has a long and illustrious history of trade and commerce. The country is blessed with an abundance of natural resources, a strategic position, and a talented workforce, all of which combine to make it an attractive destination for investors and traders alike. The import-export sector is a significant contributor to Pakistan’s economy, and the country imports and exports a diverse array of goods, such as textiles, chemicals, food, and machinery, amongst other things.

Why Collaborate with an International Trade Company?

Having a relationship with a business that deals in imports and exports can result in various benefits, including the following:

• Access to a more diverse assortment of markets and products
• Cost savings and a reduction in the risk associated with the acquisition and distribution of goods
• Expertise and experience in dealing with the logistics, legislation, and customs of foreign countries
• Enhanced levels of productivity and efficiency within your company’s activities

The MRC Group: Your Reliable Partner in Import-Export Transactions in Pakistan

Over the course of its more than 20 years in business, The MRC Group has established itself as Pakistan’s preeminent import-export firm. We provide a diverse selection of services, including the following:

• The sourcing of products and the acquisition of them
• The monitoring and examination of quality
• Forwarding of freight and logistics support
• The process of clearing customs and submitting paperwork
• Consultancy and assistance in international trade

We have extensive expertise of the local market conditions and regulations, in addition to having solid ties built with buyers and sellers located all over the world. Our knowledgeable staff is committed to delivering the greatest possible standard of service and support to each of our customers, as well as assisting them in achieving their individual and collective professional objectives.

How to Get Your Foot in the Door of the Import-Export Business in Pakistan?

The process of launching an import-export company in Pakistan can be tough but ultimately lucrative. The following are some important measures that should be taken:

Step 1: Determine your target market and product.

If you want to establish an import-export firm, the first thing you need to do is decide what product you want to trade and which market you want to sell it in. Carry out research into the market you’ve chosen, focusing on the demand, the competition, and the regulations, and locate potential buyers and suppliers.

Step 2: Register your business

The Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) and the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) are two of the government agencies in Pakistan that need to be contacted in order to register your firm before you can begin trading internationally from Pakistan. Additionally, you will need to apply for a National Tax Number (NTN) and a Sales Tax Registration Number (STRN).

Step 3: Obtain all Necessary Permits and Licenses

It is possible that you will be required to get additional licenses and permissions from the necessary government authorities in Pakistan, such as the Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority (PSQCA) and the Ministry of Commerce, depending on the nature of the business that you run.

Step 4: Look for a dependable business associate

A strategic alliance with a reputable and competent import-export company, such as the MRC Group, can assist you in navigating the intricate legislation and logistics of international trading, in addition to providing helpful support and guidance at every stage of the process.

In conclusion, the industry of import and export is an essential part of the economy of Pakistan, and it has numerous excellent chances for business owners and investors. You will be able to make the most of these chances and achieve success in your commercial pursuits if you form a partnership with a firm that is both experienced and reliable, such as the MRC Group.

• What kinds of goods can I bring into Pakistan, and which ones can I send there? Pakistan is an exporter of a diverse array of items, such as textiles, leather goods, sporting goods, surgical instruments, chemicals, food, and more. In a similar vein, Pakistan is open to the importation of a vast assortment of products, but this is subject to change based on the requirements set forth by the government.
• What are some of the advantages of collaborating with an import-export company? Working with an import-export company can provide many benefits, such as access to a wider range of products and markets, reduced risk and cost in procurement and distribution, expertise and experience in dealing with foreign customs and regulations, and improved efficiency in business operations.
• How do I go about selecting the ideal import-export company for my company? When selecting an import-export company, it is important to take into account a number of aspects, including the company’s level of experience and knowledge, as well as the company’s reputation in the industry, the breadth of services it provides, and the depth of the customer support it offers.
• How can I guarantee that I am in compliance with the import-export restrictions in Pakistan? It is crucial to remain current with the most recent laws and regulations, secure the required licenses and permissions, and collaborate with skilled professionals who can help you through the process in order to ensure compliance with import-export regulations in Pakistan.
• How can I ensure that my import-export business in Pakistan generates the most possible profit? It is essential to choose the right products and markets, establish strong relationships with suppliers and buyers, optimize your supply chain and logistics, and continuously monitor and adjust your business strategies based on market trends and consumer demand in order to maximize the profitability of your import-export business in Pakistan. Choosing the right products and markets is the first step in achieving this goal.

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Doing business in Pakistan: Pakistan trade and export guide

Updated 16 August 2018

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This publication is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/exporting-to-pakistan/doing-business-in-pakistan-pakistan-trade-and-export-guide

Managing risk

Find out how UK companies can control risks when doing business in Pakistan .

Export opportunities and advice

Find more export advice and explore opportunities overseas on great.gov.uk .

1. Pakistan export overview

Pakistan is an emerging market with a young and growing population of around 200 million, according to the World Bank .

Pakistan is the second largest economy in South Asia after India. With a growing middle class, and an affinity for UK expertise, products and brands, there are good opportunities to increase UK exports of goods and services in this unsaturated and rapidly growing market.

UK-Pakistan bilateral trade in 2017 was £2.9 billion. The UK exported £1.1 billion of goods and services to Pakistan. The UK is currently Pakistan’s third largest source of foreign direct investment, after China and the Netherlands.

There are opportunities for British businesses to benefit by integrating Pakistani firms into their supply chains. Pakistan is keen to expand and diversify its export base and is already competitive in products such as textiles, garments, surgical instruments, steel, and sporting goods.

Important sectors for UK businesses in Pakistan include:

• professional services
• infrastructure
• consumer goods

Contact a Department for Business and Trade ( DBT ) Pakistan export adviser for a free consultation if you are interested in exporting to Pakistan.

UK Export Finance (UKEF), the UK’s export credit agency, has doubled support for Pakistan to £400 million. This additional capacity is to help UK exporters win, fulfil and get paid for export contracts, and to help Pakistan’s buyers access finance to source high-quality UK goods and services.

Contact UK Export Finance (UKEF) about trade finance and insurance cover for UK companies. You can also check the current UKEF cover position for Pakistan .

Benefits for UK businesses exporting to Pakistan include:

• common business language
• location on the crossroads of Asia and the Middle East, bordering China in its north-most area, India in the east and Iran and Afghanistan in the west
• similar legal practices
• affinity for and familiarity with UK companies and brands
• growing middle class

Strengths of the Pakistan market include:

• highly populous country with a young population
• strong business and consumer base
• large English speaking nation
• strong people to people links with Pakistani migrant communities in the UK
• educated workforce
• low production and labour costs

2. Challenges in Pakistan

Challenges you may face when doing business in or with Pakistan include:

• regulatory barriers shown by its low ranking in the World Bank’s Ease of Doing Business Index (147 out of 190 countries)
• corruption (ranked 117 out of 180 countries in Transparency International’s 2017 Corruption Perceptions Index)
• bureaucracy with government officials can be costly and time consuming
• poor commercial dispute resolution
• lack of transparency and unclear tender processes
• sectarian violence and terrorism threats brings security risks to foreign nationals

Read the Foreign and Commonwealth Office’s ( FCO ) Overseas Business Risk report for Pakistan .

You should ensure you take the necessary steps to comply with the requirements of the UK Bribery Act .

3. Growth potential in Pakistan

3.1 economic growth in pakistan.

According to the World Bank , Pakistan’s growth continues to accelerate but macroeconomic imbalances are widening. Macroeconomic stability is a major concern for the near-term economic outlook.

World Bank data states that in 2017, Pakistan’s GDP growth increased by 0.8% over the previous year to reach 5.3%. Major impetus came from improved performance of services and agriculture sector. Industrial sector also saw some recovery. Low interest rate environment contributed to the growth in private sector credit, which supported businesses.

According to the International Monetary Fund ( IMF ) , GDP growth is projected at 5.6% for 2018. This is amidst rising infrastructure spending and the implementation of structural and economic reforms.

Under China’s Belt and Road Initiative, the China-Pakistan economic corridor ( CPEC ) is currently under development. CPEC is a collection of modern infrastructure projects including roads, rails and power plants for improving geographical connectivity in the region.

GSP + in Pakistan

The EU award of the Generalised System of Preferences Plus ( GSP +) status came into effect on 1 January 2014. Pakistan currently receives preferential market access on goods to the EU under GSP +, eliminating tariffs on two thirds of its product lines. This has supported an increase in trade and foreign investment with the EU.

From 1 January 2021, the UK government aims to maintain the levels of access Pakistan receives to UK markets under the EU GSP + scheme. The UK government also wants to explore options to expand the UK’s trade relationship with Pakistan in the future.

3.2 Enhanced Strategic Dialogue

The Enhanced Strategic Dialogue includes a range of UK government cooperation with Pakistan. The governments of Pakistan and the UK are committed to co-operating where we have shared interests, including trade and investment, economic stability and development.

4. Trade between UK and Pakistan

According to the ONS Pink Book 2018 total trade in goods and services (i.e. exports plus imports) between the UK and Pakistan was £2.9 billion in 2017, a 7% increase from 2016.

In 2017, UK exports to Pakistan amounted to £1.1 billion (a 10% increase from 2016) while UK imports from Pakistan were £1.8 billion (an 5.1% increase from 2016).This means the UK reported a trade deficit with Pakistan of £656 million, compared to a trade deficit of £672 million in 2016.

Of all UK exports to Pakistan in 2017, £669 million (59.2%) were goods and £461 million (40.8%) were services. Of all UK imports from Pakistan in 2017, £1.2 billion (68.0%) were goods and £571 million (32.0%) were services.

In 2017, the UK had a trade in goods deficit of £546 million and a trade in services deficit of £110 million with Pakistan.

In 2017 (latest available rankings), Pakistan was the UK’s:

• 53rd largest trading partner (accounting for 0.2% of total UK trade)
• 54th largest export market (accounting for 0.2% of all UK exports)
• 46th largest import market (accounting for 0.3% of all UK imports)

4.1 Foreign Direct Investment

According to ONS data on foreign direct investment ( FDI ) involving UK companies 2016 , the stock of UK FDI in Pakistan was £1.4 billion in 2016, 34.1% higher than in 2015. In 2016, Pakistan accounted for 0.1% of total UK outward FDI stock.

5. Opportunities for UK businesses in Pakistan

Department for Business and Trade ( DBT ) provides free international export sales leads from its worldwide network. Search for export opportunities .

5.1 Infrastructure sector in Pakistan

Modernising transportation infrastructure and greater regional connectivity is an important element of Pakistan’s plans for economic development.

Pakistan needs new municipal infrastructure. The Government of Sindh is working on improving the state of public transport in Karachi. Karachi, Pakistan’s biggest city, has no official public transit system.

The bulk of Pakistan’s trade is conducted via the sea. Pakistan currently has 2 fully functional ports: Karachi port and Port Qasim. A third port, Gwadar is being upgraded in Baluchistan.

Opportunities for UK companies include:

• infrastructure planning and development
• expertise in Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
• logistics technology for the expected growth in road infrastructure
• automated payment systems in cities
• solid waste management
• expertise in road and rail infrastructure
• inexpensive warehousing options such as temperature controlled warehousing, bonded warehouses and freeport warehousing
• automation, such as new handling equipment

Other opportunities are available via the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and World Bank who are major stakeholders in Pakistan’s infrastructure development. They include:

• investment in Pakistan’s hydro and renewable energy
• consultancy services for energy and related infrastructure projects
• urban transport, railway rehabilitation, roads, road safety and asset management, mass transport infrastructure
• agriculture, natural resources and rural development
• upgrading of airports, sea and dry ports
• urban planning and water and sanitation infrastructure

Find out more about aid funded business

Contact [email protected] for more information on industrial and infrastructure opportunities.

5.2 Energy sector in Pakistan

According to the Government of Pakistan’s economic survey 2017 to 2018 , energy is an important sector of Pakistan’s economy and plays a vital role in the country’s economic development. Pakistan faces energy shortages resulting in power outages in both urban and rural areas. The sector is marred by transmission and distribution losses, which has constrained its growth and development.

Being a developing economy, Pakistan energy requirements are increasing rapidly. Energy generation is top priority for the government of Pakistan which is trying to ensure availability and security of sustainable supply of energy. The Government of Pakistan has encouraged local and foreign investment for establishing power projects and related infrastructure including developing transmission lines.

Over $33 billion is expected to be invested in this sector under the CPEC initiative. It’s hoped that over 10,400MW of energy generating capacity is brought online by the end of 2018.

The electricity from these projects will be primarily generated from fossil fuels, though hydroelectricity and wind-power projects are also included. The Liquefied Natural Gas ( LNG ) sector is gaining prominence is Pakistan’s energy mix with further LNG import terminal and related infrastructure planned.

Opportunities for UK companies exist in:

• importation of LNG and investment in related infrastructure
• coal mining technology
• oil and gas exploration and exploitation
• power generation via wind, solar and other renewable sources such as hydroelectricity
• development of transmission lines and related infrastructure

Contact [email protected] for more information on energy opportunities.

5.3 China-Pakistan Economic Corridor ( CPEC )

CPEC is a set of massive government to government deals between China and Pakistan worth at least $54 billion over the next 15 years.

Two thirds of this is for energy projects. The other third is for road projects between China’s Western border and a port on the Arabian Sea – Gwadar, west of Karachi

CPEC presents huge opportunities for Pakistan and the wider region, bringing economic development, greater connectivity and regional security.

UK companies are well placed to play a role in CPEC projects through provision of:

• infrastructure development services
• financial and legal services
• delivery of contracts

Contact [email protected] for more information on CPEC opportunities or visit the Government of Pakistan’s China-Pakistan Economic Corridor ( CPEC ) official website.

5.4 Healthcare sector in Pakistan

Pakistan has a mixed health care system, comprising of public and private, formal and informal sectors. All health responsibilities (mainly planning and fund allocation) are devolved to provincial health departments.

Main opportunities in healthcare sector include:

• design, building, operation of hospitals and clinics
• pharmaceuticals
• hospital, clinical and laboratory equipment
• laboratory, clinical and paramedic training
• certification, Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), compliance and quality control training for surgical goods and other industries
• cancer treatment programmes
• kidney and liver treatment
• mobile health units to provide healthcare facilities in rural areas
• medical educational institution linkages
• hospital upgrades
• provision of facilities management
• provision of back office services ie all non-medical services
• provision of a medical insurance cards system

Contact [email protected] for more information on opportunities in Pakistan’s healthcare sector.

5.5 Education sector in Pakistan

According to the Government of Pakistan’s Economic Survey 2017 to 2018 , Pakistan’s literacy rate is 58%. The education sector consists of:

• more than 150,000 public education institutions, serving over 21 million students
• a private sector serving 12 million students

Opportunities exist in:

• professional development and training for teachers and staff
• new educational material
• basic laboratory equipment with modern and innovative technologies and techniques
• e-coaching and web design
• Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in higher education (science and technology) and public sector institutions

Contact [email protected] for more information on opportunities in the education sector.

5.6 Retail and leisure sector in Pakistan

Pakistan is seeing an increasing growth in shopping centres and availability of retail space.

Potential opportunities exist in:

• branded goods sector (clothing, footwear and accessories)
• luxury products like cosmetics
• growing number of suitable franchise operators recognition of foreign brands
• facility management

Contact [email protected] for more information on opportunities in Pakistan’s retail and leisure sector.

5.7 Security and defence sector in Pakistan

The general law and order situation throughout the country remains a challenge. The Pakistan security sector is well established and connected to suppliers based in Europe, the US and China. It is a price conscious market, but there are opportunities for high quality products and services.

UK capabilities of interest to Pakistan include:

• equipment for Pakistan armed forces
• maritime, land and air domains
• expertise and equipment for internal and border security, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) and counter- IEDs
• equipment for law enforcement agencies
• safe city projects
• counter terrorism training for both the military and Police
• skills and technology for forensic laboratories and equipment
• equipment and training for disaster management and relief management

The Export Control Joint Unit (ECJU) issues licences for the export of strategic goods. You must check your goods are meeting legal requirements for export.

Contact [email protected] for more information on opportunities in the security and defence sector.

5.8 Financial services sector in Pakistan

• Islamic banking services
• reinsurance and personal insurance (telephone and web-based services)
• retail and commercial banking
• capital investments

Contact [email protected] for more information on opportunities in the financial services sector.

5.9 Consultancy services sector in Pakistan

Opportunities occur across many sectors, including privatisation of state-owned enterprises. They include a need for:

• economic and urban planning
• infrastructure project management
• financial analysis
• education consultancy
• healthcare consultancy
• architectural services
• interior design services
• water and sewerage management
• policy reforms

Contact [email protected] for more information on opportunities in the consultancy services sector.

6. Start-up considerations in Pakistan

If you are looking to do business in Pakistan you can set up a company, normally a local subsidiary.

This is a fairly easy process using:

• a local consultancy company (UK companies operate in this field in Pakistan)
• local lawyers

You can also enter the market by:

• exporting directly from the UK
• setting up an agency
• appointing a distributor
• using a franchising model
• forming a joint venture, or manufacturing under a licence agreement with a Pakistani company

For direct exports you should appoint a local representative, either on a commission basis or as an importer/distributor.

Pakistan is a market in which can require an investment of time and personal presence. Likewise, product training for the agent’s workforce is essential. Therefore, you should regularly visit Pakistan, especially during the early phase of your set up.

7. Legal considerations in Pakistan

The main government agencies involved in the regulation of companies in Pakistan are:

• the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) which was set up following 1997 Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan Act and has responsibility for the incorporation and registration of companies
• the Board Of Investment (BOI) promotes investment opportunities in all sectors of the economy, and provides investment facilitation services to local and foreign investors

You are advised to seek legal and taxation advice before entering into a joint venture or similar type of partnership with a local company in Pakistan.

Contact the Department for Business and Trade ( DBT ) team in Pakistan to help find tax and legal advisers before entering into agreements.

7.1 Standards and technical regulations in Pakistan

The Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority has responsibility for standards and quality requirements.

The Ministry of Health is concerned with labelling requirements of drugs, cigarettes etc. The Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock (MINFAL) is responsible for labelling on food items.

In general, labelling in English and Urdu is required on all consumer products and needs to be approved by the relevant ministry or department. At the minimum, labels need to provide:

• the brand name
• an ingredient list
• manufacturer details (address)
• importer’s name and address
• the date of manufacturing
• a date of expiry
• a batch number
• contents marked in grams and millilitres

Packaging requirements include:

• an original packing list signed in blue ink and stamped with a company seal
• exact contents of each package should be clearly identified
• at least 3 copies of the packing list as part of the shipping documents sent to the consignee or agent
• net weight and gross weight must match weights on commercial invoice and bill of lading

You should use a packing list for all shipments containing more than one shipping unit of packaged cargo.

Most countries require packing lists to be provided together with the commercial invoice. The information must be consistent with all information shown on the commercial invoice.

Contact [email protected] for more information on standards and technical regulations.

7.2 Intellectual property in Pakistan

The government of Pakistan took measures in 2005 to ensure more effective protection of intellectual property in Pakistan.

Register your brands with the Intellectual Property Organization of Pakistan .

7.3 Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement ( IPPA )

IPPAs are designed to encourage investor confidence by setting high standards of investor protection applicable in international law. Main elements include:

• provisions for equal and non-discriminatory treatment of investors and their investments
• compensation for expropriation, transfer of capital and returns
• access to independent settlement of disputes

Main features of Pakistan’s foreign investment policy are:

• all economic sectors are open to FDI
• 100% foreign equity is allowed on repatriation basis
• tax and tariff incentives packages are available
• remittance of royalty, technical and franchise fee, capita, profits, dividends are allowed

A UK-Pakistan IPPA came into effect on 30 November 1994.

8. Tax and customs considerations in Pakistan

8.1 double taxation agreement with pakistan.

Pakistan and the UK have signed a Double Taxation Convention in force. Taxes and duties paid in Pakistan can be claimed back in the UK.

8.2 Corporate taxation in Pakistan

The corporate tax rate in Pakistan, set by the Federal Board of Revenue , stands at 30%.

The corporate income tax rate is a tax collected from companies. Its amount is based on the net income companies get while doing business, normally during one business year.

8.3 Sales tax in Pakistan

The sales tax rate in Pakistan stands at 17%, and is set by the Federal Board of Revenue . The sales tax rate is a tax charged to consumers based on the purchase price of certain goods and services.

8.4 Customs duties in Pakistan

Tariffs change annually.

In the 2017 budget the Government of Pakistan reduced the maximum general tariff rate from 25% to 20% (except on vehicles).

Port charges, clearance charges, transportation and the additional duties charged for certain products in addition to the customs tariff.

You can find more about import tariffs in the Market Access Database .

8.5 Import controls in Pakistan

There is a list of banned items that cannot be exported to Pakistan. The list is available on in the Import Policy Order 2015 to 2018

Visitors are not permitted to import alcoholic beverages, except for non-Muslims, who can import enough for their own consumption.

Exports and imports to and from Israel are prohibited.

8.6 Documentation for Pakistan

A clearing agent requires:

• shipment invoice
• packing list
• bill of lading (a document issued by a carrier (or their agent) to acknowledge receipt of cargo for shipment)
• copy of the letter of credit or contract
• copy of the Sales Tax Registration Certificate as an importer
• copy of the National Tax Number
• copy of the most recent sales tax return

9. Business behavior in Pakistan

English is the official business language in Pakistan. People speak reasonably good English and have a good level of understanding.

Pakistan is an Islamic state. Women are expected to dress modestly when attending meetings or visiting some parts of the country. Western attire is acceptable.

Pork is banned in the country. Alcohol is officially banned for Pakistanis, but overseas visitors can buy alcohol at some leading hotels. This can only be consumed on the premises.

Muslims observe the month of Ramadan where they fast from sunrise to sunset. It’s recommended not to plan a business trip during this month as productivity decreases.

Photography of sensitive installations such as bridges, ports and airports is prohibited.

9.1 Entry requirements for Pakistan

If you are travelling to Pakistan on a British passport, you’ll need to get a visa before you travel. Visa violations can be treated as a criminal offence and could result in a fine or detention.

Details of the types of visa and how to apply can be found at the Pakistan High Commission website .

If you need to visit a prohibited area you must apply for a ‘No Objection Certificate’ from the Ministry of Interior through your sponsors. There is a 4 to 6 week processing time.

9.2 Travel Advice for Pakistan

If you’re travelling to Pakistan for business, check the FCO travel advice first.

10. Contacts for Pakistan

Contact the Department for Business and Trade ( DBT ) Team in Pakistan for more information and advice on opportunities for doing business in Pakistan.

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How to start export-import business in Pakistan

Are you interested in exporting to Pakistan or importing from there? Or you are a local Pakistani citizen, intending to start an export-import business in Pakistan and curious how to start exporting from Pakistan? Anyway, you must learn about the business environment and export-import opportunities in Pakistan first. Following article will give you an overview and instructions and many export-import business ideas .

1. Overview of Pakistan as Country

Pakistan is a large country in South Asia, with a population of over 205 million people. Pakistan’s population now accounts for 2.62% of the world population. The economy of Pakistan is in the 23rd in the term of PPP ( purchasing power parity)

Pakistan is ranked 6th in the world in the population rankings of countries and territories. The population density of Pakistan is 267 people / km2 amongst a total land area of ​​770,998 km2.

If you want to export to Pakistan, then you can consider, that Pakistan’s market presents a great demand for all imports related to agricultural products, consumer goods and also machinery and raw materials.

Pakistan consumers are not very choosy regarding the quality of the goods. A lot of goods has a great opportunity to enter to Pakistan’s market. Most Pakistani consumers have relatively low incomes, so when shopping, they often care about prices when making purchasing decisions.

1.1. Pakistans potential as a target export market

Currently, Pakistan is in great demand for various commodities, in fields such as electricity, electrical appliances, machinery, household appliances, agro, forestry, seafood.

When starting exporting to Pakistan, then one idea is to target the retail market companies. Pakistan’s retail industry is underdeveloped, based mainly on private ownership.

In Pakistan, there are many shops selling a variety of goods, such as garments, tires, mechanical goods. These stores are often located close to each other and concentrated in markets in big cities.

Foreign businesses that want to promote their products and sell to these Pakistani retailers, often choose to use the services of domestic agents, distributors or develop their own distribution network.

These agents work on a fixed commission, which can range from 10% for equipment and factory purchases, 15-20% for spare parts. Agency commission may be charged at FOB, Ex-factory, or CIF rates depending on the agreement.

Some dealers want the seller to give them the original price and they will add commission to the final sale price. Some other agents act as consultants and receive consulting fees.

Local distributors usually sign exclusive contracts with foreign manufacturers or suppliers. Regarding the payment mechanism, advance payments for the foreign suppliers is highly recommended.

Due to the limited information of the market and because the political situation in Pakistan is still unstable, if you export to Pakistan, firstly you need to check carefully the basic information about the Pakistani partner company. Check their financial situation, business owners, all should be investigated by the local reliable Investigation Office.

Warning when exporting to Pakistan !!!

You should note that when the transaction has been made, sometimes it does not ensure the shipping through intermediaries arrive to your Pakistani importer.

For example : In the past, there was an enterprise A. They signed a contract to export rosin to Pakistan, paid in US dollars. This business hired Iranian cargo to move goods to Pakistan. However, when the Pakistani business made payment procedures via bank, the delivery documents were blocked by the US government on the grounds that Iran was embargoed.

Learn more about risks in Exim business: Risks in export-import business and how to overcome these .

1.2. What are Pakistan’s main import products

So, you are curious, how to export to Pakistan? All start from knowing, what kinds of items are in demand in Pakistani market.

The top import sources of Pakistan are China, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, and Japan.

Pakistan’s largest imports from China : Cotton, cotton yarn, dyes, chemicals, plastic materials, water means, automobile tires, alloy steel, textile machinery, seeds, plasma, fibers synthetic, flavoring, peanuts, pesticides, molds, washing powder, tea, pharmaceuticals, synthetic rubbers, animal fats, petroleum, dried vegetables.

Pakistan is a major importer of cotton raw material in the world, this demand stems from the selection of high-quality raw material products for export production.

Pakistan banned the import of the following items

• Goods contrary to Islam
• Dyes made from benzidine or containing benzidine
• Hazardous waste
• Alcohol and alcoholic beverages, including sediments and waste from distillation and winemaking
• Factory waste and liquidation or junk goods do not qualify
• Firecrackers, fur, skins, waste, and scrap of polyethylene and polypropylene, retread tires, used pneumatic tires
• Items imported from India are restricted and are only allowed to be specified under Pakistan’s Rules of Procedure and Import.

Pakistan regulates restrictions on imports of some goods , meaning that they can only be imported if they meet certain conditions set by Pakistan. Most import-restricted items require a certificate or an approval in advance from the relevant Pakistani regulatory authority.

Below is a list of main restricted import goods

• Tobacco products
• Instruments and radioactive materials
• Calcium carbide
• Asbestos (asbestos)
• Food colorings

*Wheat is only imported through public sector entities. *The materials used to produce pesticides are only imported by industry users.

Importing calcium carbide requires prior approval from the Pakistan Department of Explosives.

Importing refurbished cylinders (cylinders used to extract or liquefy gas) used in motor vehicles requires certification of the Pakistan Explosives Division. Weapons and ammunition, if not on the prohibited list, belong to the Ministry of Commerce of Pakistan.

If you start importing into Pakistan, pay very close attention to the export-import documentations and procedures, all must be correct.

Because Pakistan is Next to India, we suggest reading also: India’s top export products .

2. What are main export products of Pakistan

Before you learn how to export from Pakistan, first you need to know, what are the products and product categories which can be exported from Pakistan.

Pakistan main exports are : Rice, mangoes, furniture, cotton fiber, cement, tiles, marble, textiles, clothing, leather goods, veterinary surgical supplies, sports goods, cutlery, surgical instruments, electrical appliances, software, carpets, rugs, ice cream, livestock meat, chicken, powdered milk, wheat, seafood , vegetables, processed food items, defense equipment (submarines, tanks, radars), salt, onyx, engineering goods, and many other items.

Some Pakistan export statistics : In February 2018, textile production increased by 0.13%, coal and petroleum increased by 16.28%, pharmaceuticals by 49.27%, non-metallic minerals by 11.13%, cars by 7.99%. , iron and steel increased by 12.60%, electronics decreased by 1.17%, paper products rose by 1.69%, Products related to mechanical engineering rose by 1.71%, rubber by 8.34%, food and beverage and tobacco by 1, 51%, chemicals down 5.00%, fertilizers down 7.36%, leather products down 21.62%, wood down 56.39%.

Pakistans top 5 export products

Below are Pakistani top 5 export products, which are globally associated with Pakistan.

Pakistan is the fourth largest cotton producer in the world, ranking third in raw material consumption and the largest cotton yarn exporter.

Cotton is Pakistan’s main industrial crop, accounting for 15% of the country’s arable land. Cotton production is concentrated in two provinces: Punjab and Sindh.

The main export items include raw cotton, cotton yarn, fabrics, clothing, and some other cotton products.

Pakistan produces over 11 million bales of cotton every year. Cotton is rolled domestically and spun by a stable spinning industry.

The main countries importing cotton and cotton products from Pakistan are the US, EU, China, Bangladesh, Vietnam etc

2.Knit or crochet clothing and accessories

The annual global export turnover from Pakistan is only about 20 billion USD but the export of knitwear only reached 2.719 billion USD in the fiscal year 2017-2018, including knitted products such as tops with caps, shirts, t-shirt, jersey, pullovers, jackets etc.

This is due to export support policies and efforts towards better market access. Positive trends in international demand and exchange rate adjustments are also expected to help sustain this emerging trend in the coming months.

Pakistan is forecast to export 4 million tons in 2020, amid increased production to make up for early fall inventories. Pakistan usually exports white rice and some fragrant basmati rice, competing mainly with India.

The main consumption markets are Africa, the Middle East, Singapore, Kenya. China is one of Pakistan’s largest non-basmati rice importers.

Pakistan is one of the largest sugar producers in the world. However, the sugar industry in Pakistan is completely dependent on cane production, although sugar in the northern region is made from sugar beets.

Sugarcane plantations in Pakistan provide jobs for 4 million people each season, accounting for 12.14% of the total agricultural labor force in the country.

Pakistan is the country with the largest salt mines in the world with an estimated reserve of about 10 billion tons at three mines, where the rock hard rock mine in Khewra in Jhelum district has reserves of more than 6,687 billion tons. The other two mines are Warcha and Kalabagh.

Not only meeting the domestic demand for salt from the Khewra field, Pakistan also exports salt to India from 10,000 to 18,000 tons per year. This generates a foreign currency revenue for this country.

In addition, Pakistan is a country rich in natural resources, including precious metals such as gold, iron, silver, copper, and oil.

Pakistan’s largest export markets are : the United States, Germany, China, the United Kingdom and Afghanistan.

Pakistan’s largest exports to India: dried dates, cement, leather, petroleum, kaolin, medical instruments, scrap iron and steel.

3. How to start exporting business in Pakistan

1. establish an exporting company.

Export from Pakistan can be done only if you have an Exim company. Export companies may be established in Pakistan in the form of sole monopolies, associates, or limited liability or public companies.

Foreign investors usually set up a limited liability company in Pakistan under the Corporate Law of 1984, and need to register with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

There are also some other forms such as franchising, joint ventures, etc.

We also suggest, before starting a venture, to conclude an export business plan .

2.Become a priority exporter

As a rule, an exporter is recognized as a priority exporter when it operates in Pakistan and regularly has export or import activities.

You can only apply for a priority exporter when you have a company established.

To facilitate priority exporter, according to the guidance of the World Customs, Pakistan Customs is preparing a comprehensive plan to facilitate the clearance of goods.

Priority exporter must provide all details related to their business to receive this incentive. Customs will look up details such as: Profile of the company, bank account, number of employees and information of foreign partners.

Benefits for priority exporter

Priority exporter will receive a lot of preferential clearances in customs without any inspection.

Priority exporter can receive goods directly from the port to the manufacturing shop without having to go through the hassle of customs procedures, after completing the essential procedures.

Customs will issue access cards to priority businesses upon entry without any hassle through Customs, railway stations, offshore terminals and dry ports. It will also ensure quick completion of cases / investigations within 6 to 9 months and a 50% reduction in the required bank guarantee.

One of the biggest advantages for the priority exporter is that there will be a separate support point by the designated officials who will be responsible for solving the legitimate issues of the business.

3. Building relationship and communication

Exporting from Pakistan start from marketing and relations creation, globally.

3rd party referrals are necessary in establishing export business relationships. Pakistanis themselves like to work with people they know and trust and they will spend time building more relationships to get to know you better. Pakistanis like to work directly, face to face. They do not like to work over the phone.

4. Use export intermediaries services

Sometimes setting up a formal business can be a hassle. In this case, we recommend using third party services.

The advantage of an intermediary service is to help you package your import and export business licenses.

There are many services which offer it. You can choose the one which is cost-effective and efficient.

They must be responsible for compensation if they have done something wrong or something not required.

They provide free consultation on the initial procedures that businesses need to do, the rules of accounting, invoices of legal documents, laws related to tax laws in business. Supporting accounting services for businesses.

5. Marketing and sales

In your business, there is only one thing that brings in revenue. This is marketing and sales! Prepare professional websites, brochures. Attend or visit international expos and of course business visits and direct callings, mailings.

You should put a constant focus on marketing and sales, as the results from this won’t usually come immediately, but it can take even 6 months when you see the first results as an orders. Marketing and sales for export-import company is crucial for survival.

Read further : How to get export orders from abroad .

4.How to import into Pakistan

The one who wants to import into Pakistan must pay attention to the import-export documentation. Also one must follow Pakistan’s traditional customs clearance system (which is considered cumbersome, time-consuming and costly) with the following steps:

A). Follow traditional Pakistani custom rules & procedures

1. Receiving a set of documents from customers

2. Customers filling information about goods at the time point of arrival at the port of destination or if in urgent need, information on the goods shall be filled in the customs declaration prior to the arrival of the goods in accordance with Article 79 of the Pakistani Customs Code.

 3. Complete the customs declaration according to inspection procedures, either common or automatic customs clearance. Both procedures are equally applicable.

4. Request to check the Bank draft upon receipt of the import declaration for the goods

5. Collection of bank draft and the original set of shipping documents from the customer

6. Upon receipt of all the above documents, the goods will be subject to import duties and will be withdrawn from the relevant delivery agent.

7. The goods will be released after a few days

Import export documentation in Pakistan

The set of export and import documents prescribed by Pakistan includes bill of lading, invoice, packing list, certificate of origin, copy of the letter of credit, certificate of insurance.

Bill of landing

You will need 3 copies of the bill. The invoice must be signed by the manufacturer or owner of the ship and must include the name of the consignee and the ship transporting the goods, the packaging description and number, the serial number or other identifying information, the value of the goods at C&F prices (shipping cost is stated separately) and the origin of goods. In the case of bulk cargoes or goods traded under generic names, the invoice will give the name for the imported product.

Packing list

Not required, but for convenience of goods clearance.

Certificate of origin

Although it is not legally required, the importer or the importer’s bank usually requires a certificate of origin. If this document is not available, the origin of the goods must be stated on the invoice.

The importer must pay insurance through an insurance company registered in Pakistan.

Further reading : export-import documentation and procedures .

Recently, Pakistan has changed its customs clearance system from traditional to online (PACCS), with specific steps:

B). Follow online custom procedures

1. Receive a set of documents from customers

2. Fill in the cargo manifest online based on the set of undeclared vouchers or required documents, even if the ship has already arrived at the port or the ship will arrive shortly.

3. Import Declaration (IGM)

4. Shipping lines will need to submit a detailed report of all cargo types on board within 24 hours of arrival

5. Request a bank draft check immediately after submitting an online cargo manifest

6. Collection of draft and original set of documents from customers

7. Upon the receipt of all of the above documents, the customer will be required to pay import taxes and collect orders from the relevant delivery agent

8. Wait until the online declaration information is delivered to the Pakistan Customs Administration

9. Deliveries can be made on the same day

If you want to start an export-import business, then Pakistan presents great business opportunities for both. For the ones who want to start export import business in Pakistan and also for ones who want to export to Pakistan. What is important to know and bear in mind is the fact that Pakistans business environment and legislative system is not so transparent yet.

Personal relations and connections are very important in Pakistan and finding a trustworthy partners and customers is key.

Therefore, when starting an import-export business, you need to clearly understand your partner to avoid unfortunate risks. Laws in Pakistan still have many gaps, and it is difficult to refund the lost money.

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Ali R. Khan

How to start export business in pakistan.

Do you want to start a business with little experience and capital? Think Again. There are many important things that you need to know before investing your money. You have to make a clear business plan and set your goals. You need to do some market research and find the opportunities.

Starting a business in Pakistan is a challenging task.

So you have decided that you want to export something from Pakistan and you are looking for buyers and you got few inquiries and one of them is very serious but you are not sure about Documentation and whole process of exports. What Would you Do? Here is the step by step guide on How to start a Exports business from Pakistan:

1- Register Your Company

You have to register your company for exporting anything from Pakistan. It can a Firm, Private Limited or any other form but main thing is it should be registered and have some membership with related trade organization in your industry. you can do this on yourself or hire a corporate lawyer to do this for you. I suggest that you take the services of corporate lawyer because it’s not an easy task in Pakistan. There is so much paper work.

Useful Links:

SECP For Registration of company in Pakistan

2- Get NTN and Sale Tax Number

You can’t receive Payment and you can’t get Custom clearance if you don't have National Tax Number and Sales Tax Number. Though it seems very complicated to have all these numbers in the beginning of your business but they are mandatory to get your shipment cleared.

FBR Get Sales Tax and NTN online Pakistan

3- Payment Issues

Open a bank account for your newly registered company. Your client may transfer payment to your company account or you may go for L/C payment. Don’t worry if you dont know about L/C because your bank account manager will guide you along the way if you have account in good bank.

If you are receiving payment through Bank Transfer, you need E-Form from your bank for the custom clearance and sales tax. That’s why I suggest you that Sales Tax number and NTN numbers are very important.

4- Customs and Shipping

WOW, this part looks very technical but believe me it’s not. you don’t have to meet with any custom guy if your freight forwarder is reliable and experienced. You don’t have to visit port or shipping line if your shipping agent is professional. Choose your partners carefully after a detailed meeting.

Although it's seems little difficult process to Start export business without previous experience but I know You can do it. Just do it for your self, Your Family and You Country.

And Never Give up.

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Step by step procedures to export from Pakistan

How to export from Pakistan?

How to export from Pakistan? What are the export registration procedures, export customs process, export cargo movement methods in Pakistan? Explain the export methodology in Pakistan.

This post explains about step by step procedures that need to be finished with Pakistan government authority for exportation from Pakistan.

You have to register your company for exporting and importing anything for commercial purpose from and into Pakistan. Subsequently get the National Tax Number and Sales Tax Number for your company. Enlistment in both Chamber of Commerce and Industries or any relevant trade association and with the Export Promotion Bureau is also required.

Pakistan Customs is the gatekeeper of Pakistan borders against transit of illegal products, controls smuggling and is facilitator of genuine trade. It works under the Federal Board of Revenue that managed by the Ministry of Finance.

The documents may have to be prepared in a special way to comply with the requirements of the import or export country. The exporter should make sure that they made all of the accurate export documents that are required to get the goods delivered through the port, cleared customs, satisfy all compliance and regulations, then loaded on board the pre determined carrier. All export documentation must be completed correctly to avoid any missed shipments, port demurrage charges or fines to the business.

Generally in all countries there are three stages of process for export.    One time registration procedure to obtain export licence, documentation needed for exportation and Export customs clearance formalities.   Detailed information on these three stages of exports has been mentioned separately in this website.  You may click below those information links to know more about step by step procedures on how to export:

Export Registration and Licence procedures

Export Customs procedures

Export documents required

This post explains about different phases in export process that every exporter needs to go through for completing export from Pakistan.

The following details also clarify:

What should I do to export from Quetta. How to export from Bahawalpur?  Formalities to export from Dera Ghazi Khan.  Procedures to export from Faisalabad.  Need to export from Dera Ghazi Khan.  Explain to export from KARACHI.  Information to export from Sialkot.   Step by step process to export from.  Methods to export from Islamabad.  Guidelines to export from Peshawari.  Please guide to export from Lahore.  Help to export from Multan.   Procedures required to export from Karachi.   Requirements to export from Peshawar. Clarifications to export from Quettap.  How can I export from Rahim Yar Khan.

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Commercial risks and solutions under Export Business  

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Risks arising out of foreign laws in Import Export Business   

Cargo risks under Imports and Exports     

Customs procedures for Cuba Export

Registration required to export from Cuba

Documents needed for Cuba import

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Pakistan: Country Operations Business Plan (2021-2023)

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The country operations business plan (COBP) for Pakistan, 2021–2023 of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) is consistent with its country partnership strategy for Pakistan, 2021–2025.

Linked Documents

• Portfolio at a Glance: Pakistan

The COBP for Pakistan, 2021–2023 supports the government’s Vision 2025 and the development plans of the provincial governments. About 13% of the pipeline supports the government’s response to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.

ADB will continue to help the government achieve its development objectives of economic stabilization, export competitiveness, and strong governance through (i) policy-based lending for government-led policy reforms, including in the areas of domestic resource mobilization, public financial management, energy, and the financial sector; and (ii) projects in small and medium-sized enterprises development, energy, transport, social, water, and other urban infrastructure and services.

• Consistency of Business Plan with Country Partnership Strategy 
• Indicative Resource Parameters

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• Kyrgyz Republic: Country Operations Business Plan (2021-2023)
• Myanmar: Country Operations Business Plan (2021-2023)
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Certain government and business entities in Pakistan are barred from receiving high-end U.S. technology. Information on these organizations is available on BIS website.

The United States imposes export controls to protect national security interests and promote foreign policy objectives related to dual-use goods and less-sensitive military items through implementation of the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) (15 CFR Parts 730 – 774). The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) is responsible for regulating, implementing, and enforcing dual-use export controls.  Export Administration (EA) is responsible for processing license applications, counselling exporters, and drafting and publishing changes to the EAR; and Export Enforcement (EE) is responsible for compliance monitoring and enforcement of the EAR. BIS works closely with U.S. embassies, foreign governments, industry, and trade associations to ensure that exports from the United States are secure and items subject to the EAR comply with the regulations. BIS officials conduct site visits, known as End-Use Checks (EUCs), globally with end-users, consignees, and/or other parties to transactions involving items subject to the EAR to verify compliance.  

An EUC is an on-site verification of a non-U.S. party to a transaction to determine whether the party is a reliable recipient of items subject to the EAR. EUCs are conducted as part of BIS’s licensing process, as well as its compliance program, to determine if items were exported in accordance with a valid BIS authorization or otherwise consistent with the EAR. Specifically, an EUC verifies the bona fides of transactions subject to the EAR, to include confirming the legitimacy and reliability of the end use and end user; monitoring compliance with license conditions; and ensuring items are used, re-exported or transferred (in-country) in accordance with the EAR.  These checks might be completed prior to the export of items pursuant to a BIS export license in the form of a Pre-License Check (PLC) or following an export from the U.S. during a Post-Shipment Verification (PSV), regardless of whether or not a BIS license was required.

BIS officials rely on EUCs to safeguard items subject to the EAR from diversion to unauthorized end uses/users and destinations. The verification of a foreign party’s reliability facilitates future trade, including pursuant to BIS license reviews. If BIS is unable to verify the reliability of the company or is prevented from accomplishing an EUC, the company may receive, for example, more regulatory scrutiny during license application reviews or be designated on BIS’s Unverified List or Entity List, as applicable.

BIS has developed a list of “ red flags ”, or warning signs, and compiled “ Know Your Customer ” guidance intended to aid exporters in identifying possible violations of the EAR.  Both of these resources are publicly available, and their dissemination to industry members is highly encouraged to help promote EAR compliance.

BIS also provides a variety of training sessions to U.S. exporters throughout the year.  These sessions range from one to two-day seminars that focus on the basics of exporting to coverage of more advanced, industry specific topics. Interested parties can check a list of upcoming seminars and webinars or reference BIS provided online training .  BIS’s Export Control Officers (ECOs) located at U.S. embassies and consulates in seven overseas locations also conduct outreach to raise awareness of reexport control requirements with foreign business communities. 

BIS and the EAR regulate transactions involving the export of “dual-use” and less-sensitive military items (commodities, software, and technology) as well as some U.S. person activities.  For advice and regulatory requirements on items under the export control jurisdiction of other U.S. Government agencies, exporters should consult other U.S. Government agencies. For example, the U.S. Department of State’s Directorate of Defense Trade Controls has authority over the defense articles and services that are not subject to the EAR.  A list of other agencies involved in export control can be found on the BIS website and in Supplement No. 3 to Part 730 of the EAR.

The EAR is available on the BIS website and on the e-CFR (Electronic Code of Federal Regulations) and is updated as needed.

The Consolidated Screening List (CSL) is a list of parties for which the United States Government maintains restrictions on certain exports, reexports or transfers of items.  The CSL consolidates eleven export screening lists of the Departments of Commerce, State, and the Treasury into a single data feed as an aid to industry in conducting electronic screens of parties to regulated transactions.  Exporters should determine the export requirements specific to their proposed transaction by classifying their items prior to export and reviewing the EAR’s requirements specific to the item(s) and the proposed end use and end user, as well as consulting the CSL to determine if any parties to the transaction may be subject to specific license requirements. 

Assistance is available from BIS by calling one of the following numbers:

• 202) 482-4811 - Outreach and Educational Services Division (located in Washington, DC – open Monday-Friday, 8:30 am-5:00 pm ET)
• (949) 660-0144 - Western Regional Office (located in Irvine, CA – open Monday-Friday, 8:00 am-5:00 pm PT), or
• (408) 998-8806 - Northern California branch (located in San Jose, CA – open Monday-Friday, 8:00am-5:00 pm PT)

You may also e-mail your inquiry to the Export Counseling Division of the Office of Exporter Services at [email protected] , or contact BIS’s overseas ECOs .

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• Basic Planning for Starting Export Business.

Basic Planning For Export.

Introduction

Some "Do's and Don'ts of Export Planning

Before starting an export, an individual should evaluate his company’s “ export readiness ”. Further planning for export should be done only, if the company’s assets are good enough for export.

There are several methods to evaluate the export potential of a company. The most common method is to examine the success of a product in domestic market. It is believed that if the products has survived in the domestic market, there is a good chance that it will also be successful in international market, at least those where similar needs and conditions exist.

  One should also evaluate the unique features of a product. If those features are hard to duplicate abroad, then it is likely that you will be successful overseas. A unique product may have little competition and demand for it might be quite high.

 Once a businessman decides to sell his products, the next step is to developing a proper export plan. While planning an export strategy, it is always better to develop a simple, practical and flexible export plan for profitable and sustainable export business. As the planners learn more about exporting and your company's competitive position, the export plan will become more detailed and complete.

  Objective

The main objective of a typical export plan is to:

• Identifies what you want to achieve from exporting.
• Lists what activities you need to undertake to achieve those objectives.
• Includes mechanisms for reviewing and measuring progress.
• Helps you remain focused on your goals.

  For a proper export planning following questions need to answered:

• Which products are selected for export development?
• What modifications, if any, must be made to adapt them for overseas markets?
• Which countries are targeted for sales development?
• In each country, what is the basic customer profile?
• What marketing and distribution channels should be used to reach customers?
• What special challenges pertain to each market (competition, cultural differences, import controls, etc.), and what strategy will be used to address them?
• How will the product's export sale price be determined?
• What specific operational steps must be taken and when?
• What will be the time frame for implementing each element of the plan?
• What personnel and company resources will be dedicated to exporting?
• What will be the cost in time and money for each element?
• How will results be evaluated and used to modify the plan?

From the start, the plan should be viewed and written as a management tool, not as a static document. Objectives in the plan should be compared with actual results to measure the success of different strategies. The company should not hesitate to modify the plan and make it more specific as new information and experience are gained.

DO ensure your key staff members are ‘signed on’ to the Plan. DO seek good advice – and test your Export Plan with advisers. DON’T create a bulky document that remains static. DO review the Export Plan regularly with your staff and advisers. DO assign responsibility to staff for individual tasks. DON’T use unrealistic timelines. Review them regularly – they often slip. DO create scenarios for changed circumstances – look at the “what ifs” for changes in the market environment from minor to major shifts in settings. e.g. changes of government, new import taxes. DO develop an integrated timeline that draws together the activities that make up the Export Plan. DO make sure that you have the human and financial resources necessary to execute the Export Plan. Ensure existing customers are not neglected.

Table of Contents

• Chapter 1 Starting Export Introduction
• Chapter 2 Basic Planning For Export
• Chapter 3 Identifying Products For Export
• Chapter 4 Market Selection
• Chapter 5 SWOT Analysis
• Chapter 6 Registration of Exporters
• Chapter 7 Export License
• Chapter 8 Myths About Exporting
• Chapter 9 Export Sales Leads
• Chapter 10 Exporting Product Samples
• Chapter 11 Export Pricing And Costing
• Chapter 12 Understanding Foreign Exchange Rates
• Chapter 13 Appointing A Sales Agents
• Chapter 14 Export Risks Management
• Chapter 15 Packaging And Labeling Of Goods
• Chapter 16 Inspection Certificates And Quality Control
• Chapter 17 Export Documents
• Chapter 18 Custom Procedure For Export
• Chapter 19 Invisible Export
• Chapter 20 Export To SAARC
• Chapter 21 Export To CIS
• Chapter 22 Organisations Supporting Exporters

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E-Paper | September 14, 2024

‘export push needed to end economic challenges’.

KARACHI: Pakistan-Japan Business Forum (PJBF) has said that the country’s current economic challenges require an immediate and concentrated effort to increase the export of products and services.

Addressing a seminar on Wednesday, PJBF Chairman Murtaza Y. Mandviwalla said this session was an attempt to analyse and identify potential non-traditional export possibilities and discuss the competitiveness of traditional Pakistani products and services exports to Japan.

According to Trading Economics, an international publication, in 2023, Pakistan exported 84 items to Japan. “Today, Japan is keen to work with Pakistan in the field of ICT (information and communication technologies) and is also seeking to recruit IT professionals to work in Japan,” Mr Mandviwalla said.

He said he is confident that the outcomes of this seminar would not only increase awareness and understanding of the Japanese market and identify new opportunities, resulting in enhanced collaboration and promotion of Pakistani goods and services.

Published in Dawn, September 12th, 2024

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اسٹیٹ بینک نے نئے کرنسی نوٹوں کے ڈیزائنز شارٹ لسٹ کرلیے

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Aga Khan Foundation, KfW Bank partner to boost entrepreneurial culture in Pakistan

€10 million initiative will focus on building capacity and providing financial support to start-ups

The Aga Khan Foundation (AKF) and KfW Development Bank have formalised a new partnership aimed at promoting entrepreneurial culture across Pakistan. The agreement, signed on Friday at the AKF office, launches the "Start-up Pakistan" initiative, a transformative project set to drive job creation, innovation, and economic resilience in the country.

The €10 million initiative, funded by the German government through KfW, will focus on building capacity, fostering business networks, and providing tailored financial support to start-ups. Special emphasis will be placed on youth and women entrepreneurs. Over the next five years, the project will target sectors including education, health technology, sustainable tourism, and green building, prioritising businesses that promote digitisation and environmental sustainability.

Earlier in the day, a KfW delegation visited the National Science and Technology Park (NSTP) at the National University of Science and Technology (NUST) to engage with Pakistan’s burgeoning start-up ecosystem. The delegation, which included Stephan Opitz, Member of the KfW Management Committee, and Dr Bianca Clausen, Director of the Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq Cluster, met with various green and technology-driven start-ups to identify areas for impactful collaboration.

Dr Clausen expressed her optimism about the partnership, stating, "We are thrilled to work alongside AKF and other key partners to strengthen Pakistan’s start-up ecosystem. This initiative will create opportunities for youth and women to innovate and build sustainable businesses, contributing to the economic well-being of communities across the country."

Akhtar Iqbal, CEO of AKF Pakistan, highlighted the significance of the collaboration given the country's economic challenges and climate vulnerabilities. "We are excited to embark on this flagship initiative to create an enabling environment for start-ups to grow and scale. This agreement strengthens our longstanding partnership with Germany, which remains one of our top supporters in Pakistan," he said.

The initiative aims to create over 2,500 direct jobs and support 1,500 entrepreneurs, with 50% of them being women and youth. It will also contribute to Pakistan’s alignment with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 8 for Decent Work and Economic Growth and SDG 5 for Gender Equality.

The agreement solidifies the commitment of both KfW and AKF to fostering innovation, job creation, and sustainable growth in Pakistan.

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