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Best Research Paper Writing Services: The Top 7 You Need to Know About

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It is not uncommon for students to struggle with research paper writing. It is an advanced college task that requires dedication, skills, and time. That’s why many students are in need of expert assistance to fulfill academic requirements.

Fortunately, there are plenty of service providers ready to help. However, finding the legit and credible one is a hustle. That’s why our team created this guide for research paper writers and the best online platforms.

We’ve tested and checked them to find the best seven providers for students. Choosing a suitable research paper writer from the best research paper service is the secret to success. We’ve evaluated the offers, prices, and quality of work provided. We’ve prepared full reviews so you know exactly where to go when you need high-quality assistance with your assignments.

Other criteria include delivery, customer support, and other features students might benefit from. All of these seven platforms are credible, legit, and professional. They all have excellent teams of writers ready to deliver outstanding papers on demand. In this guide, you’ll find the top service to go to when you need assistance with college tasks.

Top 7 Best Research Paper Writing Services Providers

Here is an overall rating of these seven research paper writing services before we dwell into details. We’ve focused on the main benefit each of them offers in terms of the research paper help.

• PaperWriter 🥇 | The Best Research Paper Help Overall | 9.9
• EssayPro 🥈 | The Top One for the US Students | 9.8
• WritePaper 🥉 | One of a Kind Team of Authors | 9.7
• EssayService | The Cheapest Research Paper Writing Services | 9.6
• EssayHub | The Best for Rushed Orders | 9.6
• DoMyEssay | The Best Range of Writing Services | 9.4
• Studyfy | The Best Non-STEM Research Paper Writing Service | 9.1

PaperWriter.com – Excellent Research Paper Writing Help

PaperWriter.com is our top pick overall because the service covers all the criteria completely. It provides high-quality and quick assistance to college students with a variety of assignments. The team assists with essays, dissertations, presentations, homework, and, of course, research papers. Because of the excellent team of writers and customer support professionals, it is the best research paper writing service out there. Students can quickly place an order and get it going.

Besides writing, the service delivers editing and rewriting, which is a great option to ensure your paper is outstanding. The quality of the papers satisfies all the academic requirements. The research is based on relevant and newest data, and all the papers are authentic.

• Wide range of services;
• Timely delivery and work with short deadlines (from 6 hours);
• Convenient price calculator;
• Transparent pricing and many free features like plagiarism reports, formatting, and unlimited revisions;
• Refund policy in place;
• Serious data protection and confidentiality;
• Comfortable ordering process in three clicks.
• The service doesn’t work with deadlines that are in less than 6 hours;
• The first time it might take you some time to choose a writer because the team is so big.

EssayPro.com – One of The Best Research Paper Writing Services in USA

When it comes to US higher education, there is no better research paper helper. EssayPro.com is an outstanding provider that focuses on US students. The team consists of US and Canadian residents who have graduated from these countries’ top universities. They know everything about local requirements and expectations from their first-hand experience.

Another great sign of credibility is that the business has been operating for more than a decade. It has an impressive track record of completed projects and satisfied customers. The team does admission essays, dissertations, case studies, term papers, and research papers writing on demand.

Also, it offers homework help and custom writing. So students can get assistance with anything they are struggling with. The support representatives are available round the clock and happy to answer any questions.

• The service offers assistance with anything students might struggle with;
• All the writers are from the US and Canada, which makes them experts in the local educational system;
• Reasonable pricing and a lot of free features, including originality report, title page, and choice of the best writer;
• A convenient method of placing an order and choosing an author (author profile features completed tasks, credentials, and reviews).
• The platform doesn’t work with extremely short deadlines.

WritePaper.com – Outstanding Research Paper Writers

Although every platform on this list has a solid team, WritePaper.com comes first when it comes to the best research paper writers. All of them are experts with many years of experience in the field. Some have a Master’s degree, but a vast majority have Ph.D. It makes the team fit to complete an assignment of any complexity, whether it is an essay, case study, or dissertation.

Each writer has a profile with stats on works completed, success rate, and reviews. You can also see their level of education and subjects of expertise. It makes the choice of an author for your order relatively easy.

The services include all types of college assignments along with homework help and personal statement writing. Students can also read the blog with plenty of tips and tricks on academic writing. Here you can also find experts to complete niche projects and subjects.

• Proficient and expert team of authors;
• Confidentiality and advanced data protection; 24/7 customer support;
• Additional focus on payment safety;
• Reasonable prices and a full money-back guarantee;
• Free originality reports to all orders, outlines, and formatting.
• There are fewer payment options because the platform trusts only some gates.

EssayService.com – The Cheapest of the Best Research Paper Writing Services

Some might think it is expensive to buy research papers online; however, it is not the case with EssayService. The provider knows that budget is crucial for many students, so it offers many deals and discounts. For example, the first order comes with a 15% discount, which is fantastic. It is a platform of choice for those who want to save some money without compromising on quality.

Besides the budget-friendly policy, the platform delivers a wide range of papers. The writers’ team is qualified and experienced. Students can order not only research assignments but also dissertations, essays, term papers, and MBA essays.

Also, custom writing is available. The platform has excellent reviews and hundreds of thousands of happy clients.

• Various deals and discounts that make writing assistance affordable;
• A lot of free features like plagiarism reports, edits, and formatting;
• Huge range of services from essays to book reviews and more;
• Individual approach to every order and style imitation service;
• To start, you only need to deposit one-third of the price.
• Finding a suitable author for very niche topics can take time, so it is better to start ordering beforehand.

EssayHub.com – The Best Website to Write My Research Paper in 3 Hours

If you need immediate assignment writing services, EssayHub is ready to help. You can find professional research paper writers that can provide outstanding papers in only 3 hours. So it is the best platform for quickly approaching deadlines.

Also, any paper gets an unlimited number of reviews. If you are not completely satisfied immediately, you can ask a writer to make changes. We were impressed by the quality and delivery.

The delivery is speedy, and all the texts are original. Students can ask for help with any type of text they have issues with. It includes such things as discussion board posts and book reports. So it is a one-stop for all kinds of college tasks, and that’s why the platform has a great percentage of returning customers.

• Extremely quick delivery of orders even with rushed deadlines;
• Experienced writers that can nail all types of assignments;
• Reasonable pricing and easy ordering process;
• Helpful blog with tips on academic writing;
• Ability to communicate with the writer during the process;
• Authentic and original content according to your specific requirements.
• The team is comparatively small, which means the platform can process a smaller number of orders overall.

DoMyEssay.com – The Best Range of Writing Services

Although all of the platforms in the list have impressive services, this one comes first. DoMyEssay can complete anything a student can think of, from a research paper to presentations, annotated bibliographies, and reflective writing texts. It is possible because the platform has a great team of writers with various qualifications.

Students can get assistance with Statistics coursework or ask for a creative writing assignment. Another considerable advantage of this service is that it has even college professors on the team. It allows for fulfilling requirements of any complexity. And it ensures the best results and the highest grades.

Students can also rest assured that their personal data is protected with the best measures. All the papers are authentic, original, and delivered just in time.

• With the broadest range of services out there, students can get assistance with anything;
• Reasonable prices with several free features included;
• Plagiarism report included in every order;
• Style imitation ensures that the paper looks as if you write it;
• Research is based only on credible and scientifically-approved sources;
• All clients get unlimited revisions to ensure satisfaction with the result.
• Payment options are a bit limited to only credible ones;
• The first order processing can take a bit longer.

StudyFy.com – The Best Non-STEM Research Paper Writing Service

This platform delivers help with various kinds of assignments, along with homework and coursework help. Also, the team offers rewriting and editing services to polish your work before submission. The team works best with non-STEM subjects, including Business, Art, Literature, Nursing, Geography, and many more.

Another fantastic feature of this platform is the resources tab. Students can find writing tools, samples, writing, and literature guides there. All of those resources help students to become better writers. Besides that, students can also read a blog with expert guidance on the matter. The best part is that those resources are free, and anyone can access them.

The pricing is reasonable, and the team delivers high-quality and unique papers. The support team representatives are very helpful and available 24/7. Overall, it is an amazing platform for non-STEM research papers.

• Qualified team to work with tasks of different academic levels;
• Original papers with plagiarism reports and unlimited revisions;
• All the necessary features are provided for free, including the outline, title page, and formatting;
• Full confidentiality and data security;
• A lot of valuable resources for students who want to become better writers;
• Great library of essay samples on various subjects;
• Works with rushed orders and deadlines.
• No special deals or discounts are available for students.

Here Is How We Chose Our Top Research Paper Writing Services

So how did we choose these seven platforms to feature in our guide? Here is how our process works.

First, we look for popular services with appropriate ratings. If many people have reviewed it four stars and higher, we want to get a closer look. It matters what sites they are evaluated at. And we also go through the testimonials to figure out the authenticity. At this stage, our team evaluates the legitimacy of a business. Only if it is clean, do we proceed with further inspections.

Secondly, we research the business and the services it offers. We evaluate the range of papers and the team. We look into the claims before we test them out. It is essential that the platform delivers various papers because it is a sign of a diverse and expert team.

Thirdly, we place an order and wait for the result. Based on that, we get to test customer support and service convenience. Another crucial criterion is how easy it is to start and place an order. It shows how user-friendly the site is. And that’s one of the significant factors in evaluating how much the business cares about clients.

And the fourth step is to analyze the received paper in terms of originality and quality. Of course, it is the main deciding factor in our investigation. After all, this is all it comes to – how reliable the platform is. Based on the papers we’ve received, all of these platforms have proven their expertise.

Other factors we consider include additional features, discounts, and prices. Although the average costs are approximately the same, if a platform offers special deals, it can make it significantly more budget-friendly.

Confidentiality and data security are also crucial. We choose only services that imply their websites’ newest and most robust data protection features. Cyber security is something everyone must care about, especially when it comes to paid services. It is how our team inspected these seven services to make sure they are the best when it comes to research papers.

1. How Fast Can They Write My Research Paper?

The delivery time depends hugely on the complexity of the task. The harder it is, the longer it will take an expert to research and write an excellent paper. Delivering essays is pretty fast, but a research paper requires deeper insight and might take more effort.

However, some of the services in this guide work with rushed deadlines. Usually, the minimum is 3 hours. But it is always better to place an order beforehand. First of all, the rushed deadlines might come at an additional fee. Secondly, there is little room for revisions and edits if the deadline is very tight.

2. Are Research Paper Writing Services Cheap?

The average price for academic writing is about $11 per page. But the estimation for each order depends on several major factors. These are the type of assignment, complexity, volume, and deadline.

For example, the higher the academic level of the paper, the more a student will need to pay. At the same time, all the services in our list provide a handful of free features. Those mean free plagiarism reports, unlimited revisions, formatting, outlining, and a title page. Taking all of that into consideration, the price is low.

Also, you get to work with the best in the industry and communicate with authors directly. Also, some of the platforms offer regular discounts and deals for students. It makes research paper writing even more affordable.

3. Who Will Write My Research Paper?

Students choose who will complete the order. All the services listed offer this for free. After you’ve stated your requirements, you can view writers’ profiles and decide who is the most suitable for the job.

You can view the number of completed tasks and the satisfaction rate to decide on that. Also, the profiles feature each professional’s qualifications and areas of expertise. They focus on 2-3 areas they are educated and experienced at. Some are experts in the Humanities, others in STEM.

Another good way to evaluate a writer’s expertise is to read through testimonials of students that worked with them already.

4. How Safe Is It to Use Research Paper Services?

Using any of these seven platforms is completely safe. We’ve gathered only legitimate businesses that have been on the market for years. They are well-established and secure. All of them care deeply about the confidentiality of customers.

They also use various data safety measures to ensure your cooperation remains confidential. Besides that, the platforms have clear terms and conditions along with refund policies. It means that there are no risks. Students can order their papers knowing that their data is secure and they get high-quality results.

5. How Does the Payment Work?

When you place an order, you receive the estimation for your paper. After that, you choose the writer and place a deposit. After getting the paper and confirming satisfaction, the deposit goes to the service.

Some services take only a fraction of the price as a deposit, making it even more convenient for students. Satisfaction means that you’ve read the paper and have no edits or reviews needed. The services accept credit and debit cards. Those are secure and safe payment services that protect all your sensitive information.

6. Why Do Students Use Research Paper Help?

Students might need assistance for various reasons. One of the most common ones is the lack of time. Students have to manage many responsibilities, and finding the right balance is often challenging. Maybe you are overloaded with tasks or have unexpected duties to fulfill. It becomes impossible to do everything on your own.

Professionals can write a paper from scratch, or they can edit and rewrite your work so that it is outstanding. Another primary reason why students opt for such services is that they need guidance.

Academic writing is complex and requires advanced skills. If you are not confident in your research or writing, getting an objective and expert perspective on that is a good idea.

7. How to Order a Research Paper?

To order the paper, you need to go to the website of the provider you’ve chosen from the list. All of them have a convenient ordering system. Students get to fill in the form. First, you need to specify all the fundamental requirements like academic level, type of paper, and deadline. Secondly, you need to put in all other additional requirements.

Usually, students can either type them in or upload a task document. These requirements include professor instructions, textbook information, style specifics, etc. The more specific you’ll be, the better the result you’ll get.

After that, you proceed to choose an author and place a deposit. You can chat with the author while they are working on your text. Students can check on the progress or share more details in person.

8. Will I Get the Original Papers?

Yes, all the papers provided by these services are original and plagiarism-free. We’ve investigated it based on our orders. Originality is one of the crucial demands in the academic world. That’s why professional platforms take pride in the authenticity of their assistance.

Every order is handled individually. There are no premade texts. A writer will start working on an order from scratch (unless you want rewriting or editing).

It begins with proper research of peer-reviewed and scientifically-approved sources. Then comes the outline, draft, and final version.

All the orders come with a plagiarism report so that customers can be confident that they get an original assignment. Also, the style imitation feature allows getting texts that are written in your unique way.

9. What Happens If I Do Not Like the Paper?

If you are dissatisfied, you can ask for as many reviews and edits as needed. In our experience, all the papers were of excellent quality. But miscommunications and errors can happen. If you feel something should be edited, ask the writer to do it without additional charges.

Also, the platforms in our list offer partial and complete refund policies. It is proof of a business being confident in the quality of services.

Final Thoughts Top Research Paper Writing Services Websites

Getting professional assistance with college papers is an excellent way to keep up with all the duties. It is also a powerful learning opportunity. Students can communicate with experts, get an objective perspective on their work, and learn from the best. But it is vital to know who to trust your time and money with. Our team wants to help students get the best services and avoid any risks. That’s why we’ve investigated these services to make sure they are the best in research paper writing.

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The Best 5 Research Paper Writing Services: What Has Changed in 2021?

For over 10 years, research paper services have turned from something rare into assistance students might need when they feel overwhelmed and stressed out.

Thanks to millions of students who regularly make use of such services, the research writing field is worth almost $100 million. It is three times more than in 2010.

There were some obstacles in the research paper writing niche development, but it was able to overcome them and keeps making its impact on the students’ life.

According to research, in five years the worthiness of this market will be over $200 million. And only five companies will control most of it.

In this article, we’d like to present you these five research paper writing services for students:

How to Choose a Research Paper Writing Service

When using academic writing assistance, customers pay per page for the research. It is the most popular pricing policy among writing services and is based on deadlines, difficulty level, subject, writer’s expertise, etc.

In our list, companies that offer the best balance between the price and the quality get more points.

Besides price, quality is the major feature students pay attention to. It is recommended to redo the paper and not submit it as it is.

Even in this case, quality is important and can’t be underestimated.

Thus, we have investigated the quality issue as well and evaluated the companies according to the level of their papers’ quality.

The quality mostly depends on the writers. If the service aims to provide good research papers, the writers have to be talented, experienced, and professional — both in their main area of expertise and writing exactly.

In our investigation, we evaluate the approaches research writing services choose to gather a team of good writers and whether their method is successful.

4. Customer Support

If the writers are the core of the research paper writing service, customer support is its soul.

There are always arguments between customers and service providers and it has an amazingly huge impact on whether the customer will come back or not.

We have checked how good writing services are at solving possible issues and how they handle unsatisfied clients.

Top 5 Reliable Research Paper Writing Assistants: 2021 Edition

1. PaperHelp: #1 Writing Platform In General

PaperHelp is the most popular academic writing service among students and it is not just because it is one of the oldest companies (over 12 years) and has great experience, but also thanks to the quality of the service they provide.

Here, you can order a paper fast and easily. There is a plain form that allows customers to specify the requirements and check how much it will cost them.

The company has a strict writers’ hiring policy (only Ph.D. holders), thus the student can rest assured their paper will be free of grammar mistakes and other flaws.

This academic writing company offers reasonable prices that might change due to different requirements customers claim.

On average, one page will cost about $12, and if you need just a final check to be confident your essay is fine, it will cost you less than $6.

The full refund option is one more guarantee that the service you get here will satisfy you and, if not, you won’t be charged a penny. The customer loses nothing.

Moreover, there is a possibility to make changes while the writer works on your paper. Unique instants messaging system allows clients to contact the writer wherever is needed.

Why Did This Service Get Into This List?

• User-friendly interface
• Perfect communication
• Affordable prices
• Excellent online reputation

2. EssayBox: An Excellent Choice For College Students

This research writing service is the best option for students of last year. They offer only native speakers to complete your assignments and guarantee the highest possible quality.

Their writers’ team is huge. – there are about 2000 professional academic writers, so someone is always available and is ready to start writing your paper right away.

The major strength of this service is its accessibility. There are many writers available who can complete any kind of assignment, and customer support is working on a round-o-clock basis.

Thus, all the issues customers might have will be solved immediately.

EssayBox’s prices are as competitive as other writing services’ prices. Otherwise, they wouldn’t be competitors and wouldn’t get into our list.

So, the average price EssayBox asks for one page of a regular college essay is about $12. At this price, you’ll get a well-thought original essay free of grammar mistakes.

Yet, to get a plagiarism report, you’ll need to pay more. It isn’t included in the price by default.

• 100% original papers
• 24/7 customer support
• The highest level of writers’ expertise
• Unlimited revisions

3. Paper Due Now: The Most Flexible Pricing Policy

Customers can trust this research writing company , as there are no complaints about missing the deadlines and not keeping the promises.

They’ve gathered a great team of writers and customer support specialists who attentively guide clients throughout the process.

No fear of losing control, no uncertainty. Everything is clear and plain. All the questions customers might get will be answered in no time.

Definitely, quality matters the most. It is a service that offers students exactly what they need. You can choose the writer’s education and expertise, and get a higher or lower price accordingly.

Yet, both ways, the quality of the essay will be high.

Having considered all the mentioned above, you’ll be surprised at Paper-Due-Now prices. They are one of the lowest on the market and could be calculated via an easy-to-use online tool.

Also, the company has a full refund option.

Why Did The Service Get Into This List?

• Professional writers’ team
• Superb communication
• Detailed and comprehensive order form

4. 99Papers: Fast as Lightning

This service is in high demand since it has delivered its first order. Here, customers meet the most polite customer support representatives and feel protected.

99Papers writers’ team is able to complete any assignments they get. Their expertise is not limited to essays or research papers.

Experienced and diligent experts cope with college essays of any level of difficulties like dissertations, thesis essays and application essays.

As for the prices, any student can afford its services. An average cost per one page is less than $10. It is the base package. Then prices go high depending on the deadline, project’s difficulty, other requirements.

Customers always can make use of generous discounts the company offers. You can check what you can count on using an easy-to-use online calculator.

• Ethics as the top priority
• Wide range of papers offered
• Meeting the deadlines
• Flexible pricing policy

5. IvoryResearch: Most United Kingdom students’ choice

IvoryResearch is extremely popular among British students – and this says a lot since Great Britain is a country where the most famous and reputable universities are situated.

Thus, the expectations students have are very high, and the service meets them. The main feature that lets the service stand out is rapid responses to customers’ requests.

IvoryResearch is a gentleman among top research paper writing services and never late. All the assignments are delivered in advance.

However, customers have to sacrifice a full refund for that. The client will get money back if the writer didn’t start writing the essay. Otherwise, he can count to receive only a half price.

The price is a little bit higher than the average on the market. Students have to pay about 30 British Pounds if they are fine with the two-week deadline (or 90 British Pounds for 3 pages).

Also, at extra cost, customers can get editing and proofreading service. Though, the level of the papers service submits most likely will satisfy you without double-checking.

• Outstanding quality
• Absolute reliability
• Strict deadline policy
• Meeting the highest expectations

How To Choose a Perfect Paper Writing Service?

Though research paper writing services from our list are reliable and legitimate, a potential customer has to be aware of characteristics he has to pay attention to while ordering professional academic writing help.

Know The Risks

Using research writing service, always remember there are many frauds in this niche. Check twice if the company is real and provide its services legally .

Also, do not submit the papers you will get as your own, they have to be reworked. It is mentioned in all trustworthy paper writing services’ policies.

Make Sure The Paper Is Unique

Companies often add plagiarism checks in the price. Yet, do not rely on the service so much. Make sure the essay is original using some random online tools

It doesn’t take much time but will definitely save you in case you get a stolen paper.

Pay Attention to Details

Sometimes, frauds use the tactics of copying. They create very similar reputable paper writing services websites and pretend to be them.

Check if the website name is original and the service has pages on reliable review platforms.

Conduct Your Own Research

Many services claim their writers are English native speakers only. Again, do not believe everything you read or hear.

Check the information yourself to be completely sure.

Professional Research Writing Help: Is It Worth It?

There is no single opinion about the worthiness of paper writing services. Certainly, those who never struggle with academic writing can’t understand those who feel overwhelmed and even depressed.

There are two camps that vote for different things.

However, paper writing services are there for many students and it is fantastic.

Good academic writing service can save you from sleepless nights , help you to manage other problems that you are experiencing in your life, and just keep you afloat. It is the kind of support anyone deserves to get.

Thus, if you are in need to get professional writing help, do not hesitate to do it. Just be careful and always make an informed decision with no haste.

This way, the outcome will impress you!

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• Blog Post 7 Best Research Paper Writing Services

7 Best Research Paper Writing Services

No matter how many research papers students write, these assignments will still be challenging. Each academic project is more complex than the previous one. It’s no wonder why most students will request assistance from a research paper writer at one point or another. Low grades are unacceptable when you invest so much time, effort, and finances in higher education. 

With so many research paper writing services on the market, it’s not easy to choose one. That’s what we’re here for. We’ve tried several websites so far, and we’ll recommend the best ones!

Recommendations: 7 Best Research Paper Writing Services

You’ll notice that our top reviews recommend services that allow you to choose your own writer. We prefer that system over the one where you place a project, pay for it upfront, and let the service assign you an author. When you choose your own writer, you can get a more competitive price. Plus, you can work together with them and request more updates during the completion process. 

That being said, not all bidding services are good. We’ve tested many writing agencies, and these are the ones that impressed us:

EduBridie.com – Best Overall Choice

EduBridie has attracted a loyal base of returning users. The service was founded in 2015, and it soon became the most popular research paper writing service based on a bidding system. It’s gained great reviews on independent reviewing sites, and it’s one of the most commonly evaluated writing services overall on the web. 

In our experience, EduBirdie is the best choice in general, since it meets our standards for quality, support, choice of services, and price. You can check out more details about it in-depth EduBirdie review from an unbiased writer.

Why Students Choose EduBirdie

This agency has several advantages over its competitors:

• The website is intuitive and user-friendly. It offers all the information you need before ordering papers online. You can check out the profiles of the research paper writers and their qualifications. 
• EduBirdie has a great community of writers. Students don’t have to wait long before they start getting bids on their projects. 
• No matter what your paper is about, you can find an author with adequate skills here. The writers have different qualifications and skill levels. 
• Even if you have zero experience ordering papers online, you’ll immediately figure out how the system works. You just need to place an order and follow its development. 
• You’ll find a free citation generator, automated essay writing tool, and plagiarism checker on the site. 
• EduBirdie has an effective referral program. If you like your paper and recommend the service to others, you’ll get points that you can use for discounted prices on your future orders. 

You might be wondering about EduBirdie’s disadvantages. We can only mention the fact that it might take some time for you to choose a writer, since there are many great ones in the team. But in our experience, you can’t go wrong by choosing anyone who’s experienced in the topic’s niche. 

The starting price on this site is $13.99 per page. Most writers will bid at least $15. It’s great to have options. You can choose from the different bids, and the best part is that even the most qualified writers suggest affordable prices. 

EduBirdie is a great site on many levels. The overall user experience is great, and it’s the website with the best price-to-quality ratio we’ve tested so far. 

StudyClerk.com – Detailed Writer Profiles

StudyCleark is a slightly less experienced research paper service than EduBirdie.  It’s very similar in the way it works. You can place an order for any type of paper. The ordering system lets you choose the subject area, citation style, and all other details for your project. Then, you’ll wait for the writers to start bidding. 

The quality these writers deliver is great! Students praise them for the custom-crafted content that conveys the customer’s voice and required tone. You can tell them all about your opinions on the topic, so you’ll get a paper that doesn’t go against your point of view. 

Why Students Choose StudyClerk

Students regularly choose StudyClerk for several reasons:

• Each writer’s profile has a biography and a detailed order history. You can see how they qualify for your project, and you can check how they met other students’ expectations previously. 
• All writers offer unlimited revisions, so you’ll confirm the order only when you’re fully satisfied with it. 
• The chat feature works! The writers are quick to answer all messages, respond to requests, and take additional instructions into consideration. 
• There’s a free plagiarism checker, which you can use to check your own papers. 

Let’s see what disadvantages students faced with StudyClerk:

• The blog section is not impressive. You’ll only find research paper topic suggestions. Students rarely read blog posts when they are after a research paper writing online service. But they could certainly use free writing tips from experts. 

StudyClerk sets a starting price of $13.99 per page. Depending on the deadline and project’s complexity, the writers will determine their own bids. The price is a major factor that influences your choice, and we found that the authors of this website set reasonable quotes for top-quality work. 

StudyClerk is one of the most reputable custom research paper writing services. It offers a fair starting price for great papers in all areas of study. The bidding system is effective and fast, so you can easily find a writer for your paper. 

AResearchGuide.com – Free Tips for Writing Academic Papers

AResesarchGuide makes up for what most research paper services miss: it offers excellent tips from experts. If you’re willing to write your own research projects, you won’t find much use in mainstream tips. You need real insights and detailed guidance on how to handle all parts of the project. This is where you can get them.

The website features a detailed research paper writing guide, which takes you through all stages. You can get help with choosing the topic, finding information about it, using resources, writing a thesis statement, and so on. 

As you might have guessed, this is not a traditional writing service. You can’t buy a paper here. However, if the tips don’t help you complete the project, AResearchGuide will directly take you to EduBirdie, where you can easily order it.  

Why Students Choose AResearchGuide

Students find this website valuable for many reasons:

• The tips are offered by professional online research paper writers. These authors have experience completing all types of academic projects. They are aware of students’ limitations, and they can help you overcome them. 
• AResearchGuide offers nicely categorized articles. You can find precise tips for the problem you face with academic assignments. 
• In addition to guidelines, the website offers motivational tips that encourage you to face academic writing challenges. When you realize that you’re not the only one struggling with papers, you’ll realize that it’s a learning process that you can cope with. 

We identified a single disadvantage: you can’t purchase papers here. The website redirects you to EduBirdie. That’s OK, but it would be nice to get the entire service on a single website. 

All tips on this website are absolutely free. We’re talking about insider tips from professional academic writers. You’re getting great value, and you only need to invest some of your time to go through their posts before you start writing your own projects.  

AResearchGuide is a valuable tool in a student’s academic writing journey. These authors know what they are talking about. If you’re willing to improve your writing skills, AResearchGuide is the best place to gain some knowledge for free. 

GradesFixer.com – Great Free Samples to Get You Inspired

GradesFixer is mostly known for offering admissions essays to students. It’s the site’s specialty. However, you can get all other types of academic assignments, including research papers here. 

This research paper writing company works through a bidding process. You will place an order to explain what type of paper you need. Then, writers who are available and skilled to complete it will start bidding on it. You can go through their profiles to see what they specialize in and how they rate with their previous orders. Then, you can choose the author who seems suitable for your paper. 

As with all other services of this type, the money will be reserved in your account until you confirm the relevance and quality of the project your writer delivers. 

GradesFixer is a trusted writing service with positive feedback on independent reviewing sites. It has earned students’ trust in a relatively short time. 

Why Students Choose GradesFixer

GradesFixer has several advantages that distinguish it from its competitors:

• It offers free paper samples. If you’re looking for some inspiration that would help you write your own research project, this is where you can find it. The samples are useful for another thing: they showcase the authors’ work. They give you a glimpse into the quality you can expect when ordering papers from this agency. 
• GradesFixer offers a free conclusion generator, title generator, plagiarism checker, and citation generator. We especially liked the title generator tool. It can inspire you to come up with a unique title for your upcoming project. 
• If you have a paper that you’d like to share as a sample, you can donate it here. GradesFixer will showcase it among the papers featured on the site. Your name will be visible. It’s a great way to get recognition for your own work.   

What about the disadvantages? With so many features, you can easily get confused. The Hire Writer Now button is visible, but all that content on the website may be distracting. Another important disadvantage is that the site doesn’t feature a minimum price. That confuses students even further, since they don’t know how this service compares to others in terms of pricing.

Since no minimum price is featured on the site, the writers can go lower than $13, which is the usual minimum we see with these services. But in our experience, most authors still bid above $15 for the longest deadline of 10 days. 

GradesFixer is a useful website for those who want to improve their academic writing skills. It features free samples, which can get you inspired. You can also choose a research paper writer online to complete a unique project for you. 

EssayVikings.com – Best for Academic Paper Editing

This service is unique in its dedication to editing assistance. If you’ve written your own academic papers and you want professional editors to go through the post-writing stages, EssayVikings is a great choice. 

You can get editing help elsewhere, but you’ll work with pro editors here. They are qualified to improve academic content in terms of style, format, citations, and logical flow. 

EssayVikings is a relatively new service. It quickly gained attention among students, since it’s the only website dedicated to academic editing.  

Why Students Choose EssayVikings

We noticed one major advantage with this service: it has an impressive team of qualified editors. It’s the only service of this type we’ve seen. When students need their papers edited, they usually turn to traditional writing services. They assign an editor without the student’s participation in the selection process. The students cannot contact these editors, so they often end up disappointed with the way their style was altered with the amendments. 

With EssayVikings, you can choose a qualified editor, who has experience working on several papers. You will receive updates during the process. It’s easy to contact your editor through the direct chat feature. You’ll release your payment when you’re fully satisfied with the outcome. 

What about the disadvantages? It would be great to get some free tips from professional editors. The blog features some free samples, and they are great. But we’d love some detailed guidance through the post-writing stages.

The website doesn’t feature a starting price, so the editors are free to bid as high or as low as they estimate. Their price offers will be based on the project’s deadline and complexity. They usually bid around $10 per page to edit academic content under a 10-day deadline. 

EssayVikings is an excellent choice for those looking for editing help for their academic papers. The website also offers writing services, but it’s mostly known for editing. It features an impressive team of qualified editors. 

SameDayPapers.com – Excellent for Urgent Deadlines

Founded in 2015, this was one of the first services to enable students to choose their own research paper writers online. All writers have their own profiles. They feature brief statements about their experience and qualifications. You’ll also find a history of their completed projects, along with the ratings they received from students. SameDayPapers ranks among the top services on independent reviewing websites. 

The writers deliver high-quality papers that are completely unique. They are known for meeting really short deadlines without sacrificing the level of quality. SameDayPapers is one of the most common choices for research papers with deadlines of 3 days or less. 

Why Students Choose SameDayPapers

We noticed these advantages about this website:

• You can get urgent help with research paper without being worried about the quality. The writers are skilled to work under pressure. They still complete top-notch work that meets academic writing standards. 
• All papers come with a free bibliography. You can choose the referencing style. 
• The customer support is super-effective. That’s important when you order content under a short deadline. 

It was hard to find a disadvantage with SameDayPapers. But you should keep in mind that the prices are higher for urgent papers. Even if your deadline is 10 days, the writers will bid slightly higher than what we’re used to with other services.  

SameDayPapers doesn’t indicate a minimum price for its services. You won’t pay when placing an order. You will get bids from different writers, and you can choose an offer that works for you. The funds will be reserved on your account, and you’ll authorize the payment when you’re happy with the result. 

SameDayPapers is an excellent choice for those who need good content with a short deadline. 

Eduzaurus.com

This website’s value is in the free online samples it offers. They have been submitted by students. The site features over 30K samples on different topics, so you can read them to get inspired. There’s something better: the site’s editors have shared an opinion about each paper. They explain how it could be improved to meet academic writing standards. 

If you want to get professional online research paper writing help, Eduzaurus offers such services, too. 90+ writers will see your order, and you can choose among the ones who compete for it. The price will depend on the paper’s complexity. Each writer takes their experience and qualifications into consideration when bidding. The more experienced writers tend to set higher prices. 

Why Students Choose Eduzaurus

This is not a traditional college research paper writing service. Most students visit it for the free samples. That’s how they gain confidence in the writing and editing team, so they choose to hire it for unique papers. We noticed important advantages with Eduzaurus:

• The site offers the most impressive collection of free samples we’ve seen. 
• You can use the search feature to find samples relevant to your subject.
• You don’t have to register to search through the samples and read them. 

The only disadvantage is that the site can be confusing. The ordering process is simple, but Eduzaurus is so focused on its free samples that students often forget they can get unique papers here, too. 

The minimum price is not indicated, but our research and experience show that the writers tend to bid around $15 per page for the 10-day deadline. 

Eduzaurus is a great website for students who get inspired by reading research paper samples. The team also offers custom-crafted content of finest quality. 

Reasons to Use Professional Research Paper Writing Services

When you have the time, skills, and will to write your own papers, you’ll certainly do it. But sometimes, luck is not on your side. The deadline is too pressuring, you’re not confident enough that you can handle such a complex paper, or you simply don’t feel like working on it at the moment.  Research paper writing services are helpful for several reasons:

Pro writers deliver high-quality content

Let’s clarify one thing: not all writing agencies are great in terms of quality. That’s why it’s important to read at least one review before you hire a helper for your research paper. But when you find a great agency and you start working with a qualified writer, you’ll get an outstanding paper. 

Remember: you can indicate the level of complexity you want. Sometimes students want simpler papers that don’t get them the best grades. That’s OK! You may also ask for exceptional content that would make a great impression. The best thing about pro writers is that they adjust their work to your preferences. 

When you hire a reputable service, you can expect 100% unique content that’s never been delivered to anyone else. The writer will take your instructions and write the paper from scratch. 

The services are affordable

Ordering great content online won’t cost you too much. There are many websites offering academic papers. All of them are trying to get students’ attention, and they do it through competitive prices. We only recommend cost-effective services, which offer good quality for an affordable price.  

The writers meet deadlines

Research papers are complex projects. They may take weeks for a student to complete. But pro writers deal with such assignments on a daily level. They have the knowledge, skills, and resources that make them more effective. You can get a complete research paper under an urgent deadline when you hire the right service. 

Hiring a writer saves you time

Academic writing is not the only responsibility you have as a student. Classes, homework, studying, friendships, work, extracurriculars… you’re busy all day long! If there’s a chance to outsource something, it’s no wonder you want to take it.  

You can get any type of research paper online

Maybe you’re good at writing and you like literature. You’ll complete your literature research paper all by yourself. But you also took a psychology course, and you find it extremely challenging. No matter how hard students try, they cannot be good at everything. If you don’t want to make peace with a lower grade, you can order content for the courses you struggle with. Online writing services offer all types of research papers, regardless of the topic or niche. 

When you need to hire a professional research paper writing service, the immense choice can be overwhelming. The first step is to identify your needs. Then, you can read reviews to see what service is proven to meet those needs. Hopefully, the reviews we shared will help you make the right choice!

• Is using an online research paper writing service legal?

Yes! Only plagiarism is a problem, and the best services are never guilty of it. They only deliver 100% unique papers. No laws prevent you from getting academic writing help that results in original content. 

• How can I know if a writing service is reliable or a scam?

User-based reviews are your best indicator! You can check review sites. Our reviews are also based on independent experience and research. 

• Can I get a research paper by an urgent deadline?

Absolutely! Research papers are complex projects that demand more time, but pro writers can successfully complete them under short deadlines. We still recommend students to order their papers earlier. They can get a lower price when the deadline is longer. 

• Can I hire a writer who follows APA citation style?

Yes! All services we recommend let you choose the citation style during the ordering process. You can choose APA, Chicago, Harvard, or any other citation style. 

• How do I hire the best online research paper writer?

First, check out our reviews to see what services fit your needs. Then, you can visit the websites of the services that get your attention. Read through their guarantees and terms, check the free tips, and you can choose the website you feel comfortable with.  

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How to Write a Research Paper | A Beginner's Guide

A research paper is a piece of academic writing that provides analysis, interpretation, and argument based on in-depth independent research.

Research papers are similar to academic essays , but they are usually longer and more detailed assignments, designed to assess not only your writing skills but also your skills in scholarly research. Writing a research paper requires you to demonstrate a strong knowledge of your topic, engage with a variety of sources, and make an original contribution to the debate.

This step-by-step guide takes you through the entire writing process, from understanding your assignment to proofreading your final draft.

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Table of contents

Understand the assignment, choose a research paper topic, conduct preliminary research, develop a thesis statement, create a research paper outline, write a first draft of the research paper, write the introduction, write a compelling body of text, write the conclusion, the second draft, the revision process, research paper checklist, free lecture slides.

Completing a research paper successfully means accomplishing the specific tasks set out for you. Before you start, make sure you thoroughly understanding the assignment task sheet:

• Read it carefully, looking for anything confusing you might need to clarify with your professor.
• Identify the assignment goal, deadline, length specifications, formatting, and submission method.
• Make a bulleted list of the key points, then go back and cross completed items off as you’re writing.

Carefully consider your timeframe and word limit: be realistic, and plan enough time to research, write, and edit.

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There are many ways to generate an idea for a research paper, from brainstorming with pen and paper to talking it through with a fellow student or professor.

You can try free writing, which involves taking a broad topic and writing continuously for two or three minutes to identify absolutely anything relevant that could be interesting.

You can also gain inspiration from other research. The discussion or recommendations sections of research papers often include ideas for other specific topics that require further examination.

Once you have a broad subject area, narrow it down to choose a topic that interests you, m eets the criteria of your assignment, and i s possible to research. Aim for ideas that are both original and specific:

• A paper following the chronology of World War II would not be original or specific enough.
• A paper on the experience of Danish citizens living close to the German border during World War II would be specific and could be original enough.

Note any discussions that seem important to the topic, and try to find an issue that you can focus your paper around. Use a variety of sources , including journals, books, and reliable websites, to ensure you do not miss anything glaring.

Do not only verify the ideas you have in mind, but look for sources that contradict your point of view.

• Is there anything people seem to overlook in the sources you research?
• Are there any heated debates you can address?
• Do you have a unique take on your topic?
• Have there been some recent developments that build on the extant research?

In this stage, you might find it helpful to formulate some research questions to help guide you. To write research questions, try to finish the following sentence: “I want to know how/what/why…”

A thesis statement is a statement of your central argument — it establishes the purpose and position of your paper. If you started with a research question, the thesis statement should answer it. It should also show what evidence and reasoning you’ll use to support that answer.

The thesis statement should be concise, contentious, and coherent. That means it should briefly summarize your argument in a sentence or two, make a claim that requires further evidence or analysis, and make a coherent point that relates to every part of the paper.

You will probably revise and refine the thesis statement as you do more research, but it can serve as a guide throughout the writing process. Every paragraph should aim to support and develop this central claim.

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Professional editors proofread and edit your paper by focusing on:

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A research paper outline is essentially a list of the key topics, arguments, and evidence you want to include, divided into sections with headings so that you know roughly what the paper will look like before you start writing.

A structure outline can help make the writing process much more efficient, so it’s worth dedicating some time to create one.

Your first draft won’t be perfect — you can polish later on. Your priorities at this stage are as follows:

• Maintaining forward momentum — write now, perfect later.
• Paying attention to clear organization and logical ordering of paragraphs and sentences, which will help when you come to the second draft.
• Expressing your ideas as clearly as possible, so you know what you were trying to say when you come back to the text.

You do not need to start by writing the introduction. Begin where it feels most natural for you — some prefer to finish the most difficult sections first, while others choose to start with the easiest part. If you created an outline, use it as a map while you work.

Do not delete large sections of text. If you begin to dislike something you have written or find it doesn’t quite fit, move it to a different document, but don’t lose it completely — you never know if it might come in useful later.

Paragraph structure

Paragraphs are the basic building blocks of research papers. Each one should focus on a single claim or idea that helps to establish the overall argument or purpose of the paper.

Example paragraph

George Orwell’s 1946 essay “Politics and the English Language” has had an enduring impact on thought about the relationship between politics and language. This impact is particularly obvious in light of the various critical review articles that have recently referenced the essay. For example, consider Mark Falcoff’s 2009 article in The National Review Online, “The Perversion of Language; or, Orwell Revisited,” in which he analyzes several common words (“activist,” “civil-rights leader,” “diversity,” and more). Falcoff’s close analysis of the ambiguity built into political language intentionally mirrors Orwell’s own point-by-point analysis of the political language of his day. Even 63 years after its publication, Orwell’s essay is emulated by contemporary thinkers.

Citing sources

It’s also important to keep track of citations at this stage to avoid accidental plagiarism . Each time you use a source, make sure to take note of where the information came from.

You can use our free citation generators to automatically create citations and save your reference list as you go.

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The research paper introduction should address three questions: What, why, and how? After finishing the introduction, the reader should know what the paper is about, why it is worth reading, and how you’ll build your arguments.

What? Be specific about the topic of the paper, introduce the background, and define key terms or concepts.

Why? This is the most important, but also the most difficult, part of the introduction. Try to provide brief answers to the following questions: What new material or insight are you offering? What important issues does your essay help define or answer?

How? To let the reader know what to expect from the rest of the paper, the introduction should include a “map” of what will be discussed, briefly presenting the key elements of the paper in chronological order.

The major struggle faced by most writers is how to organize the information presented in the paper, which is one reason an outline is so useful. However, remember that the outline is only a guide and, when writing, you can be flexible with the order in which the information and arguments are presented.

One way to stay on track is to use your thesis statement and topic sentences . Check:

• topic sentences against the thesis statement;
• topic sentences against each other, for similarities and logical ordering;
• and each sentence against the topic sentence of that paragraph.

Be aware of paragraphs that seem to cover the same things. If two paragraphs discuss something similar, they must approach that topic in different ways. Aim to create smooth transitions between sentences, paragraphs, and sections.

The research paper conclusion is designed to help your reader out of the paper’s argument, giving them a sense of finality.

Trace the course of the paper, emphasizing how it all comes together to prove your thesis statement. Give the paper a sense of finality by making sure the reader understands how you’ve settled the issues raised in the introduction.

You might also discuss the more general consequences of the argument, outline what the paper offers to future students of the topic, and suggest any questions the paper’s argument raises but cannot or does not try to answer.

You should not :

• Offer new arguments or essential information
• Take up any more space than necessary
• Begin with stock phrases that signal you are ending the paper (e.g. “In conclusion”)

There are four main considerations when it comes to the second draft.

• Check how your vision of the paper lines up with the first draft and, more importantly, that your paper still answers the assignment.
• Identify any assumptions that might require (more substantial) justification, keeping your reader’s perspective foremost in mind. Remove these points if you cannot substantiate them further.
• Be open to rearranging your ideas. Check whether any sections feel out of place and whether your ideas could be better organized.
• If you find that old ideas do not fit as well as you anticipated, you should cut them out or condense them. You might also find that new and well-suited ideas occurred to you during the writing of the first draft — now is the time to make them part of the paper.

The goal during the revision and proofreading process is to ensure you have completed all the necessary tasks and that the paper is as well-articulated as possible. You can speed up the proofreading process by using the AI proofreader .

Global concerns

• Confirm that your paper completes every task specified in your assignment sheet.
• Check for logical organization and flow of paragraphs.
• Check paragraphs against the introduction and thesis statement.

Fine-grained details

Check the content of each paragraph, making sure that:

• each sentence helps support the topic sentence.
• no unnecessary or irrelevant information is present.
• all technical terms your audience might not know are identified.

Next, think about sentence structure , grammatical errors, and formatting . Check that you have correctly used transition words and phrases to show the connections between your ideas. Look for typos, cut unnecessary words, and check for consistency in aspects such as heading formatting and spellings .

Finally, you need to make sure your paper is correctly formatted according to the rules of the citation style you are using. For example, you might need to include an MLA heading  or create an APA title page .

Scribbr’s professional editors can help with the revision process with our award-winning proofreading services.

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Checklist: Research paper

I have followed all instructions in the assignment sheet.

My introduction presents my topic in an engaging way and provides necessary background information.

My introduction presents a clear, focused research problem and/or thesis statement .

My paper is logically organized using paragraphs and (if relevant) section headings .

Each paragraph is clearly focused on one central idea, expressed in a clear topic sentence .

Each paragraph is relevant to my research problem or thesis statement.

I have used appropriate transitions  to clarify the connections between sections, paragraphs, and sentences.

My conclusion provides a concise answer to the research question or emphasizes how the thesis has been supported.

My conclusion shows how my research has contributed to knowledge or understanding of my topic.

My conclusion does not present any new points or information essential to my argument.

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20 Best Freelance Writing Sites for Serious Writers

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Tips to Land Writing Gigs on Freelance Websites

• best freelance writing sites in 2023

As a freelance writer, finding the right platform to showcase your skills and connect with potential clients can be a daunting task. With so many options available, it’s important to know which sites are worth your time and effort.

Whether you’re just starting out or looking to expand your client base, we’ve rounded up the 20 best freelance writing sites for serious writers. From job boards to content marketplaces, these platforms offer a range of opportunities for writers to find high-quality, paying gigs. So, grab your laptop and get ready to take your writing career to the next level!

Certain platforms will be easier than others to jump into and begin making money, as some are more competitive than others or have a more rigorous vetting process for freelancers. Here are some tips to help you land writing gigs as you get started:

• Create a strong profile. Your profile is often the first thing potential clients will see, so make sure it showcases your skills and experience. Include a clear and concise bio, relevant writing samples, and any relevant certifications or education.
• Be selective with the freelance jobs you apply for. It’s important to apply for gigs that align with your skills and interests. Don’t waste your time on low-paying or irrelevant jobs. Instead, focus on applying for gigs that you're qualified for and genuinely interested in.
• Customize your proposals. Don't send the same generic proposal to every job. Take the time to read the job description and tailor your proposal to the specific project and client. Show that you’ve done your research and understand what the client needs.
• Highlight your unique selling points. What sets you apart from other writers? Maybe you specialize in a specific niche, have extensive experience in a certain industry, or have won writing awards. Whatever it is, make sure to highlight it in your proposals and on your profile.
• Follow up. Don't be afraid to follow up on proposals or applications. A polite email or message can show that you’re serious about the job and can help you stand out from other candidates.
• Deliver quality work. Once you land a gig, make sure to deliver high-quality work that meets or exceeds the client’s expectations. This can lead to repeat business and positive reviews, which can help you land more gigs in the future.

By following these tips, you can increase your chances of landing high-quality writing gigs on the best freelance writing sites. Remember to stay patient and persistent, and don't be afraid to put yourself out there!

20 best freelance writing sites in 2023

It’s possible to create a full-time income with freelance writing if you’re dedicated to creating high-quality work and willing to put in some upfront work. Our advice is to get started with one or two platforms to feel out which ones will work best for you, and don’t get discouraged if any particular platform or project doesn’t work out.

Here are our picks for the best freelance writing sites in 2023:

Upwork is a marketplace that connects freelancers with companies and individuals looking for freelance talent. From writing and translation to design and creative, there are many types of jobs available for hire. You simply bid on the jobs you’re interested in working on, complete with a proposal where you describe why you’re the best person for the job and set your desired rate. If you’re selected, you then complete the work according to the client’s specifications and get paid through the platform.

To get started on Upwork, create a profile where you highlight your skills, your portfolio of work, and your ideal pay rate. Search for jobs in the Talent Marketplace, submit proposals, get a contract on winning bids, and check off the steps to complete the work. Clients may choose to pay you for reaching certain milestones during the course of the project, or they pay you when the job is done. They can also submit feedback, which helps you secure future jobs and build lasting relationships with new clients. A word of advice as you get started: Get your feet wet with a few simple jobs where you earn positive feedback before demanding higher rates, as Upwork is a highly competitive platform with thousands of skilled writers and other professionals.

• Pricing: It’s free to join Upwork, build a profile, search for work, and post your own projects. Upwork charges a service fee based on your earnings, with a sliding scale that rewards long-term client relationships. The Freelancer Plus upgrade gives you more advanced tools to market your services and submit attention-grabbing proposals.

2. Best Writing

A relatively new platform, Best Writing got its start in 2020 when two friends decided writers needed a better way to find great work. Subscribe to the Best Writing newsletter, and you’ll receive weekly emails packed with hand-picked writing opportunities. The site aggregates writing jobs from online job portals, social media, newsletters, and selected partners, serving up everything from remote freelance gigs to full-time positions.

Best Writing is also a talent marketplace; for a small fee, you can gain access to a daily newsletter with the latest writing jobs and create a public writer profile. If you’re looking to be more proactive and make sure you don’t miss out on an opportunity, the Writer Membership might be the way to go. Because Best Writing is a newer platform, there may be less competition, although that could change as the platform grows — so get in while the getting’s good.

• Pricing: Free to subscribe to the weekly newsletter, browse jobs, and apply on external sites; Writer Membership is $9 per month or $90 annually.

3. Superpath Jobs

Another larger platform with thousands of writers, Superpath Jobs is an online jobs aggregator that caters to content strategists, creators, editors, and freelance writers. Browse jobs by category, location, company, and more — and apply externally to any positions of interest.

While Superpath may look like just another job site, there’s more to it: Not only are you only seeing jobs in your desired field, but the platform also has a Slack community to which writers can apply to join. Once approved, you can connect with other like-minded creators, share tips and tricks, and support one another on your writing journeys. Additional tools like a blog, a podcast, and a regularly updated salary report keep you in the know.

• Pricing: Free to create a profile and post your resume. You decide whether to make your profile visible to employers.

Draft offers clients quality content writers on demand; for you as a freelancer, it offers you unlimited work that matches your interests, availability, and skills. Once you’re approved to write for Draft, you can view available projects on your dashboard, claim anything you want to work on, complete the work, and upload it onto the project portal. Clients can then submit feedback or request revisions, as well as set people as preferred writers if they like their work (this is what you want, so you can get first dibs on projects).

To get started as a writer, you’ll need to apply on the Draft site and complete a test writing project. If you pass, you’ll have access to the project dashboard, where you can not only claim projects but also track any projects you’ve claimed and completed. Writers get paid weekly via direct deposit and can track their payments through the platform.

• Pricing: Free to join as a writer once you’re approved; Draft charges a small payment processing fee that gets subtracted from your weekly payment.

5. ProBlogger

Over 300,000 bloggers rely on ProBlogger as their go-to resource for blogging education and resources, from blog posts and podcasts to courses in blog creation and growth. Blogger Darren Rowse launched the site after turning his blogging hobby into a paying profession, and now he’s paying it forward in an effort to help other bloggers make money doing what they love.

If you’re serious about starting a blog and turning it into a money maker, ProBlogger is the place to go for blogging advice, trends, and in-depth tutorials. There’s also a Facebook community where you can connect with fellow bloggers. To get started with ProBlogger, add your email to their subscriber list to receive blogging hacks right in your inbox.

• Pricing: Free to join; only pay for additional courses and other resources you want.

6. Textbroker

Like Draft, Textbroker provides quality, SEO-driven content of all kinds, including blog articles, product descriptions, advertising copy, translation services, and more. Clients include small businesses, e-commerce websites, publishing houses, publicly traded companies, and more. As a writer, you’ll be part of an established community connecting authors and clients where you can showcase your talents and expertise in your niche. You choose when and how much to write based on your interests and needs.

It’s free to register as an author on Textbroker, and you can earn more on projects based on the quality of your work, and the helpful Textbroker team provides feedback to help you hone your skills. Weekly payouts make it easy to access your earnings. To get started, complete your author registration and activate your account; you will then need to submit a short writing sample and connect your payment method.

• Pricing: Free to register

Contena is an invite-only online program and a suite of job-search tools aimed at helping budding writers land freelance writing and remote work. The site says that its self-paced program has helped its members earn millions from remote writing. Yes, it’s a membership, so the program isn’t free; pricing isn’t readily available on the site, but this review — based on the writer’s experience in trying out the onboarding process — states that membership costs $497 for one year or $997 for two years.

While there are many positive reviews of Contena, the same writer above states these reviews are driven by affiliate income. However, the site offers a 30-day guarantee that should put your mind at ease, and the online course could be worthwhile if you’re just getting started with freelance writing. Our best advice? Do some thorough vetting before shelling out any money, but don’t be afraid to invest in your education if the material is worthwhile.

• Pricing: Reportedly $497 per year

8. LinkedIn

You may be familiar with LinkedIn as a place to create a professional profile and connect with colleagues in your industry. However, it’s also a job marketplace where you can upload your resume and browse job listings. As you apply to roles of interest, LinkedIn may recommend adding certain skills to your profile, such as search engine optimization or WordPress. You can also take quizzes to have skills badges added to your profile, helping you stand out from the crowd.

Having your resume ready to send can be helpful when you’re applying to multiple jobs at once; jobs marked as “EasyApply” let you apply directly on the platform. Be sure to build out your LinkedIn profile to highlight your achievements, request recommendations from people you know, and showcase your best professional self.

• Pricing: Free; Premium membership starts at $29.99 per month, with access to more advanced career tools.

9. Writer Access

More than 40,000 brands use Writer Access to connect with freelancers and scale their content marketing. That means as a writer, you have access to a vast array of companies looking for quality content of all kinds, from technical writing to presentations and white papers.

When you apply to write for Writer Access, expect a thorough vetting, as the site hand-reviews your work and experience and only invites the best freelancers to move through the screening process. Once you’re approved, you’ll go through an onboarding program in which you’ll develop your CV and profile alongside the Writer Access team. From there, you can start taking advantage of cool perks like free stock images, portfolio promotion, content marketing tools, and a ticket to their annual content marketing conference.

• Pricing: Free to apply

10. FlexJobs

FlexJobs is a jobs marketplace aimed at helping people find flexible work that aligns with their lives. If you’re seeking a work-from-home role, flexible working hours, or the ability to dictate your own schedule, this site can help you find such jobs and apply. You can also utilize skills tests, expert content, checklists, and courses to uplevel your search.

While there are many job sites out there, FlexJobs appears to be one of the most helpful as far as weeding out any scams. The site offers a 30-day satisfaction guarantee and helpful customer support reps, ensuring you’ll have a great user experience. Be sure to check out the career coaching services, webinars, and other resources to put your best foot forward with potential employers.

• Pricing: $9.95 for a week; $59.95 for a year.

11. Compose.ly

Compose.ly touts itself as being one of the highest-paying platforms in the market, with writers averaging 10 to 14 cents per word. With no membership fees, a sleek user interface, consistent payments, and a supportive writer community at your fingertips, Compose.ly can be a great source of regular income. Work as much or as little as you like, and only choose projects that sound like a great fit.

Compose.ly’s rigorous selection process could mean you will have less competition for jobs. However, you’ll need to pass the application process, which includes a brief assessment, to begin accepting jobs on the platform. Compose.ly pays bimonthly, so while not as regular as some of the other platforms on our list, it’s still a great source of income. To get started, create an account and apply to be a writer.

• Pricing: Free

12. Scribly

Founded by ex-copywriters, Scribly is a content marketing agency whose team knows what it’s like to work as freelancers. That’s why they’ve created a platform designed to empower freelancers to do the work they love while getting paid fairly and on time. Clients pay a monthly fee to tap into content creation, content strategy, and social media management services from a pool of quality, native-English writers.

To get started as a writer, you’ll need to send a message to the Scribly team telling them a little about yourself. Once you take that step, you’ll get a message letting you know they’ve received your message — so you may not have the instant gratification of knowing where you stand with Scribly. However, should you make it through the initial hiring steps, you’ll have access to flexible, scalable income you can earn whenever and wherever you want.

• Pricing: No pricing information is listed but appears to be free for freelancers.

13. Blogging Pro

Blogging Pro features a job board that’s updated daily with new blogging jobs, freelance writing jobs, and other writing positions. You can also subscribe to the newsletter to get jobs delivered to your inbox weekly. In a nutshell, Blogging Pro does the heavy lifting to locate hand-picked writing opportunities that let you work how and where you want. Search for remote, freelance, part-time, full-time, and contract opportunities, and apply externally to any jobs of interest.

If you’re looking for aggregated job opportunities with a side of blogging tips and advice, Blogging Pro could be a useful resource. The site has been around since 2006, making it one of the longest-standing resources for bloggers. The site also has an array of educational articles to help you get up and running as a blogger and hone your craft.

14. The Urban Writers

The Urban Writers platform connects authors with high-quality writers and editors capable of working on a variety of writing projects, including e-books, fiction and nonfiction books, SEO articles, content translation, and more. There’s something for every kind of writer, editor, illustrator, and designer on the platform, making it one of the most versatile freelance opportunities on our list.

You can apply to be a writer or editor on the platform, and should you make it through the selection process, you will then complete an assessment to determine if you’re a good fit. The Urban Writers then allows approved creatives to submit proposals on posted jobs. If you’re new to the platform, it could be more challenging to get assignments; however, the platform is supportive and includes a Slack community where you can pick up tips and advice from seasoned writers.

15. Crowd Content

If you’re a native English speaker from the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, or New Zealand, you can create an account on Crowd Content and seek out a variety of writing and editing roles. Clients seek content marketing at all skill levels, so whether you’re a full-time freelancer looking for more work or a novice getting started, you’re likely to find roles that are a good fit. You choose the jobs you want and work at your own pace on a variety of assignments.

As you work with clients, you have a chance to earn feedback and get added to their list of favorite writers, leading to more future assignments. Easy access to the Crowd Content staff and a user forum ensures you always can get answers to your questions and tap into additional resources like coaching and exposure to managed services clients. To get started, create a Crowd Content account, pass the writing assessment, start applying for jobs, and do great work to access higher-paying projects. Payments go out twice a week.

16. iWriter

Clients pay iWriter for quality content at different tiers, from AI-driven to expert-level content with native-English writers. Once approved as a writer, you can earn up to $40 per 500 words as you produce high-quality work and promote up the ranks. You can write as much or as little as you want, build a client base, and choose the topics that best fit your background and interests.

To get started on iWriter, complete the writer application, which includes writing prompts that ask you to write a brief writing assignment. If you pass the assessment, you’ll get an email with next steps within five to seven business days. As with any similar platforms, patience, persistence, and attention to detail will get you far.

17. Freelancer

Freelancer aggregates a wide range of writing jobs, including content writing, brand development, copywriting, and script writing. The platform allows writers to bid on jobs that clients post and set their rates, giving them control over how much they earn. It also has a user-friendly interface that makes it easy to create a writer profile and navigate and find jobs that match your skills and interests.

Freelancer.com offers a secure payment system that ensures writers get paid for their work, providing peace of mind and financial security. Overall, Freelancer.com is a great option for freelance writers looking for a flexible and reliable platform to find writing jobs at the rates you want. To get started, create a freelancer account, set up your profile, and start bidding away. As with Upwork, keep in mind that you may find a hefty amount of competition; stick with it and try to get those first few jobs under your belt.

18. People Per Hour

Over 1 million businesses worldwide use People Per Hour to access freelancers in a variety of categories, including content writing, SEO, website development, and more. Clients can build relationships with trusted, expert-level freelancers who deliver quality work on demand. As a freelancer, you can create a profile and set your rates and areas of expertise, then work with the clients that best match your requirements.

Once you create an account, you can browse jobs and submit proposals. Take your time as you create proposals to make yourself stand out and start accessing the work you want to do, whenever you want. People Per Hour handles the logistics like payment processing and managing communications, so you can focus on doing what you do best: creating great content.

Similar to People Per Hour and some of the other platforms on our list, Fiverr connects clients with freelancers in all different disciplines. You can create a writer profile, set your rates, and start selling your services and bidding on writing jobs. With work ranging from blog posts to product descriptions, you’re able to find work that best matches your skills and interests. The platform is easy to use and allows writers to set their own rates, work on their own terms, and get paid as soon as you complete a job.

Fiverr.com provides a secure payment system that ensures writers get paid for their work. It’s a large and active community, providing opportunities for writers to network, collaborate, and develop their skills. The more projects you complete and great feedback you earn, the easier it is to get new jobs.

20. Writers Work

Writers Work connects writers with the companies that need them the most, with thousands of writing jobs available on the platform. You can also access training, tools, and support to help you land the writing jobs you want, set your own hours, and work remotely on your schedule. From general content such as website content to copywriting and blog writing, there’s something for everyone on the platform.

The Writers Work platform is designed to help freelancers succeed, with built-in writing tools that check your documents for grammar and spelling. Even writers with no experience can join, as Writers Work will train you via live support, video training, and course. Earn $20 to $65 per hour, and continue building your skills to earn money as a writer. To get started, create an account and get up and running within 30 minutes.

• Pricing: Free to create an account

As you can see, there are numerous freelance writing websites available for serious writers to find high-quality and lucrative gigs — and we think the 20 freelance writing sites above are an excellent place to get started. Whether you’re just starting out or looking to expand your client base, these platforms offer a range of opportunities for writers to showcase their skills and connect with potential clients. Remember to create a strong profile, be selective with the jobs you apply for, customize your proposals, highlight your unique selling points, follow up, and deliver quality work.

With these tips in mind, you can maximize your chances of landing great writing gigs and building a successful freelance writing career. As you get up and running, be sure to create a Copilot account to access all the tools you need to run your business like a pro, complete with a professional-looking client portal to manage tickets, messages, payment processing, and more. It’s free for 14 days, with paid plans starting at just $29 per month. The platform grows with you, so as you scale, you can access even more advanced tools and dedicated expertise.

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The 5 Best Research Paper Writing Services: Top Companies in the U.S. for 2024

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Writing research papers is perhaps the most mundane task you’ll be assigned in school. And, if you’re given a topic you aren’t particularly interested in, writing the said research paper feels impossible.

Luckily, you can enlist the help of one of the professional college paper writers online to get the success you’re looking for without tackling the grueling writing process yourself.

People choose to use a custom research paper writing service to gain an improved GPA, save time, ensure flawless presentation, and acquire bespoke content.

But with so many platforms offering these services, it can be challenging to choose your perfect match. We’ve reviewed the five best research paper writing services in the U.S. to make choosing the one for you nearly effortless.

Top 5 Research Paper Writing Services in the USA

• The Best Overall Research Paper Service: PaperHelp 🥇
• The Best Value for Money: SpeedyPaper 🥈
• The Cheapest Service: WritePaperForMe 🥉
• The Fastest Service: GradeMiners
• The Most Cost-Effective for Urgent Deadlines: EssayPro

No matter which service you decide on, they’re known for delivering high-quality papers, offering excellent customer service, providing good value for your money, and coming highly recommended by thousands of happy customers.

So, without further ado, let’s jump right into our review of the top research paper writing services in the U.S. We’ll also answer some of the most burning questions to ensure you have zero concerns before using a term paper writing service of your choice.

#1. PaperHelp : Top Pick Overall, The Best Research Paper Writing Service

• You can expect to receive a high-quality written paper with zero plagiarism.
• The website is easy to navigate and ultra-intuitive.
• The mobile app is very cool-looking and easy to use.
• The referral program is beneficial, allowing you to share discounts with friends.
• The extras are relatively expensive.
• They only allow for three free revisions.
• High school papers start at $13 per page.
• College papers start at $14 per page.
• Master’s and Ph.D. papers start at $18 and $23 per page respectively.

Plus, you can use the code LWS10 for 10% off your first order and a free plagiarism report.

PaperHelp has been offering professional research paper writing services for over ten years. All the professional writers on this site take pride in providing top-notch papers to all students.

We particularly value the individualized approach the service takes to customer support and its reliable hiring process. You can rest assured your paper will be written by only the best research paper writers.

One of the unique features of PaperHelp is the VIP service, ensuring your custom paper is at the top of the specialist team’s priority list.

The platform is one of the highest-ranking writing services because it can help you with all stages of the process, such as:

• Topic selection
• Proofreading

All papers are put through plagiarism-detection software before delivery, so every piece of work is 100% original and Turnitin-proof.

#2. SpeedyPaper : Research Paper Writing Company Offering The Best Value for Money

• All the writers working for SpeedyPaper are genuine experts.
• You’ll receive your research paper in a timely manner.
• The support agents are available around the clock.
• The delivered academic papers reach an incredibly high standard.
• You must request a U.S. writer in advance.
• Some writers might require more time to finish papers and therefore ask to extend the deadline.
• High school papers run from $9 per page.
• Undergraduate papers run from $11 per page.
• Master’s papers run from $14 per page.
• Ph.D. papers run from $19 per page.

Get a 10% discount on your first order with code “vTVrNJqN”. Also, follow SpeedyPaper on social media to get sometimes-posted discounts for future orders.

After almost ten years in the business, SpeedyPaper has become one of the best research paper writing services, especially regarding value for money. The professional paper writers at SpeedyPaper are known for producing high-quality work at reasonable prices. On top of that, you get three free revisions if necessary.

You can pick from three categories of writers, each one more expensive than the last: standard, pro, and top.

In our experience, standard writers are good enough for most tasks, regardless of their complexity. However, if you’re willing to pay 25% more, you can get a “pro” or professional writer who is well-versed in writing term papers and research papers in your subject area.

If you agree to pay 45% extra, you acquire a top writer who specializes in theses and dissertations.

#3. WritePaperForMe : The Cheapest Academic Writing Services

• Truly affordable research paper writing help.
• The writers deliver your paper quickly.
• You get a discount on your first order.
• More than 800 writers work for the business.
• They advertise a 97.2% customer satisfaction rate.
• They have a price calculator on their website.
• You can request as many revisions as you like within the first ten days.
• The quality might be inconsistent. However, this isn’t uncommon with cheaper research paper writing services.
• Many of the writers aren’t native English speakers, so they could struggle to write papers for higher academic levels.
• Somewhat aggressive marketing.
• Prices start as low as $6.99 per page for high-school students.
• $9.69 for undergraduate students.
• $13.79 for master’s students.
• $17.99 for Ph.D. assignments.

Use the simple price calculator on their website to find out how much yours will cost. You can even get 7% off your first order if you’re new to this academic writing service.

Even though WritePaperForMe is a younger brand than most websites listed here, it already boasts almost one thousand writers in its talent pool. Oh, and the website states a 97.2% customer satisfaction rate — who are we to argue with that?

If you’re in the market for a cheap writing service, this is the one for you. The professionals can help you with writing, editing, and proofreading to ensure everything is up to scratch before you submit the paper.

#4. GradeMiners : The Fastest Research Paper Helper

• The support managers are wonderfully polite.
• There are a lot of deadline ranges to choose from.
• It has an impressive track record.
• The talent pool is large — more than 3,500 experts are reachable through the service.
• The customer service team takes a long time to respond.
• They don’t offer any discounts for regular customers, making the prices quite high.

GradeMiners’ prices start at $16.06 for high school papers, $18.03 for college, $20.32 for undergraduate, $24.59 for Master’s, and $26.72 for Ph.D. levels. However, you can get a 15% discount on your first order, and they offer a price calculator to help you determine whether it’s affordable for you.

Like PaperHelp, GradeMiners has an impressive track record of providing research paper writing services for over ten years.

The talent pool available through this research paper writing service is extensive; it boasts a whopping 3,500 of research paper and essay writers! But what really sets them apart from the competition is their lightning-fast delivery times.

Depending on the complexity of your research paper, you could receive the finished product within one to six hours!

That said, this speed comes at a cost — many of the writers aren’t native English speakers. Therefore, they may struggle to produce papers that meet the standards for higher academic purposes.

#5. EssayPro : Professional Research Paper Writers

• The service offers discounts.
• The quality of research papers is high.
• The bidding system is completely unique and allows you to choose the best paper writer in terms of price and professionalism.
• You can request a full research paper or proposal.
• Ordering from the dashboard is straightforward.
• The dashboard frequently lags.
• Customer support is not accessible by telephone.

The prices begin at $12. However, there is not price calculator available on the website to get a sense of the cost before ordering. The only way to get a cost estimate is to fill out the order form.

EssayPro is a college-student’s dream for preventing burnout.

It offers research paper and term paper writing services in a unique way — through a bidding system. You submit your order and wait for bids from professional research paper writers to roll in, allowing you to choose the one that best fits your needs.

You can request a full custom term paper or ask for help in crafting a research proposal. But the best part? You get unlimited revisions at no extra cost!

We’ve reviewed the best research paper writing services in the United States of America. However, you probably still have a few questions — and that’s okay! We’ll clear them up right now.

Our Criteria for Choosing the Best Research Paper Writing Companies

As we’ve mentioned, there are dozens, if not hundreds, of websites out there offering research paper help. In fact, if you conduct a Google search right now, you’ll be met with a plethora of services, many of which are subpar.

Obviously, as a student, you neither have the money to squander nor the time to waste on a subpar service. You need to ensure that the company you choose delivers value for your investment.

We fully understand this necessity. That’s why, in compiling this list, we evaluated numerous platforms against a set of stringent criteria. Any site that failed to meet our expectations didn’t make the cut.

Let us walk you through some of the factors we considered. This might help you understand why certain sites were chosen for this compilation of the best paper-writing websites, while others were disregarded.

1. Easy Ordering Process

We’ve encountered websites that turn ordering an essay into a complete ordeal. You navigate through a slew of complicated options, contend with a cluttered UI, and struggle with lack of mobile device compatibility. Moreover, numerous hidden costs emerge unexpectedly at the very end.

Indeed, the inefficiency of these systems meant that our initial assessment of a site focused on its ease of use. Content quality, while important, was a secondary consideration at first. We prioritized transparency in pricing and ensured that students could effortlessly order the exact essay they needed without unnecessary hurdles.

Our criterion was clear: a website should provide all necessary information upfront, without hiding it behind a labyrinth of forms.

2. High-Quality, Plagiarism-Free Work 

When you use a research paper or an essay writing service, you are going to end up with a base essay. While you could (potentially) hand this in to your teacher, you aren’t getting much by doing that. You want the essay to be editable. You need to add your own literary flair to it.

All quality essay writing services will have samples that you can take a peek at. Make use of them. Look at the overall standard of writing. While a few issues can be forgivable (you are editing them, after all), they do have to make sense.

We suggest that you always aim to choose a service that employs writers in your area of expertise. After all, if you want an essay written for a law course, you probably want it written by a legal expert, not an art history expert.

3. Reasonable Prices

You’re a student, and you aren’t going to be flush with cash. You don’t want to spend a ton of what is presumably your food and rent money on an essay or research paper. You need professional writing services to be affordable, yet not too cheap (since cheap often means low quality).

We have selected the most popular websites where you can buy research papers online with peace of mind. These websites have managed to strike the perfect balance between quality and affordability.

4. Qualified Research Paper Writers

This ties into our previous point about the quality of work. You want to select a site that employs competent staff, meaning those experienced in producing academic essays within your chosen subject. Again, samples will be a good indication of the actual expertise of a platform in this area.

5. Quality Customer Support and Guarantees 

It’s unlikely that you will encounter any issues with the best essay writing services. However, if you do, it’s crucial to know that a customer support team is there to support you.

In compiling this list, we immediately disregarded any platform that didn’t facilitate easy communication with their support team, regardless of their performance in other areas.

Additionally, there should be a money-back guarantee on the essay writing service. This should be invoked only if the delivered work is so substandard that it’s beyond editing.

Are All These USA-Based Research Paper Writing Services Legit?

This is likely the main question swirling in your mind at the moment. After all, nobody wants to fall prey to a scammer.

Many websites offer to write research papers for you, but it’s important to note that a fair number of them aren’t safe. The internet is littered with scam sites and shell companies offering paper writing services that will take your money and never deliver on their promises.

However, we have you covered. The five services we’ve recommended here are completely legitimate. These sites have been in the essay-writing business for years and have garnered thousands of positive reviews from college students.

In fact, The Daily Iowan, the independent newspaper of The University of Iowa, has tested some of the websites mentioned in this review as well, concluding that they are all safe to use. Thus, you can rest assured that those who ordered papers from these providers actually received what they were promised.

Furthermore, you can access the customer support teams of these services at any time, which helps alleviate any concerns related to potential scams.

Who Will Write My Research Paper?

If you plan to outsource your important academic work to a professional research paper writer, that individual must be competent, trustworthy, and reliable. Thankfully, reputable writing companies (like those we’ve discussed today) only hire top-tier writers who boast unparalleled writing experience and hold relevant degrees.

All the research paper writing services we recommended (except for SpeedyPaper) subject their writers to an intensive recruitment and training process before allowing them to take on orders.

The statistics are telling. For example, GradeMiners receives about 85 applications monthly from aspiring writers, yet the service hires only 9% of these applicants.

Conversely, SpeedyPaper does not disclose its hiring processes but emphasizes its rigorous hiring criteria. For instance, all writers must hold at least a bachelor’s degree, achieve a minimum score of 80 on Grammarly, and maintain a GPA of 3.0 or higher.

Are All Subjects Available?

In a nutshell, yes, all subjects are covered. So, regardless of your major, you should be able to find a professional research paper writer who specializes in your subject area.

The service provider you choose might require you to select a subject from a predefined list. Thankfully, the likelihood of finding your subject on that list is high — it typically includes everything from zoology to criminal justice, healthcare, and journalism.

If your specific topic isn’t listed, you usually have the option to detail your requirements during the ordering process.

After you’ve selected (or specified) your topic, the service assigns the most qualified expert for the task, ensuring you receive the highest quality research paper.

Are These Research and Term Paper Writing Services Safe to Use?

While researching paper writing services, you may have encountered numerous horror stories that describe alarming situations where individuals ordered papers only to have their personal information stolen and sold.

Because of this, you might be hesitant to engage with these services due to concerns about confidentiality and security.

Your concerns are understandable; purchasing research papers online can be risky. A search for research paper writing services will not always lead you to trustworthy providers. However, let us alleviate your concerns.

All of the services we’ve reviewed have implemented policies that ensure your safety and confidentiality. Regardless of which service you choose, you will benefit from secure payment methods and the latest encryption technologies designed to keep your information safe.

But Are the Research Papers Actually School-Friendly?

Schools enforce strict anti-plagiarism protocols to ensure all submitted papers are completely unique. Fortunately, most custom research paper services, including those recommended by us, subject all texts to plagiarism checks, delivering entirely original content.

If you prefer additional assurance, you can request a plagiarism report. EssayPro offers this service at no extra cost, while other services may impose a fee.

The Bottom Line

Throughout high school, college, and university, you’ll be tasked with writing numerous papers, essays, and more. However, without dedicating the necessary time and energy—a luxury many students lack—you won’t develop the high-quality writing skills required for these assignments.

Balancing class attendance, homework, social life, and extracurricular projects leaves you with a lot to manage.

Thus, enlisting the services of one of the top five research paper writing services in the United States can alleviate some of this pressure, ensuring your academic success.

Just remember, it’s important to compare different writing services before making your final choice.

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Speaker 1: In many of the college classes that rely a lot on writing, you may hear your instructors refer to something that's known as the research question, which can be kind of vague and frustrating if it's not explained very well. What is it? Why do I need it? And where do I get one? This video is going to tackle all of these questions, but first, let's break down the definition of research question. It's a clear, focused, concise, complex, and arguable question around which you center your research. Or it's just a thing that's meant to frustrate and confuse students throughout college writing. But hopefully after this video, research questions will be a little less confusing and frustrating. So why do I need a research question? Well, a research question helps you keep your research focused and on track. If you've ever had one of those experiences where you waited for the last minute to write your paper and you just all of a sudden started typing out your writing and a few hours later you read back over it and you realize, oh, this doesn't make sense, there's no clear focus, there's no clear line of thought, well, a research question will help you avoid that. But a research question is also very important because the answer to this question will actually turn into your thesis statement or the main argument of your paper. So it's important to make sure that your research question is strong. So how do I do that? Well, I'm going to walk you through a few steps that have helped me as I come up with research questions for my own writing. The first one is to find an issue that interests you. No matter what class you're in, try to find a way to connect that class to something that you're already interested in. Say you're in a psych class but you want to be a vet. Well, you could look at how pets affect our psychological health. Maybe you're a women's studies major and you're in a computer science class and you want to know why there aren't more women in technology-related fields. Or maybe you're an early childhood education major and you're in a nutrition class. Well, you could explore childhood obesity and how to avoid it. Step two, explore this issue. Just do a quick Google search. For the purpose of this video, I'm actually going to look at the issue of women and how few of them are actually in computer-related fields. This is an issue that I'm really interested in. So if I do a quick search on Google with these terms, I come across as my first hit a Wikipedia article, which I can't use to cite in my paper as a credible source, but it is a great place to start for ideas. And in this article, I found this really interesting quote that tells me that even though teenage girls are using computers at the same rate as teenage guys, they're still much less likely to consider a degree in a technology-related field. Well, I want to know why that is. So I start asking questions about it. I start asking, well, is it important for women to pursue computer-related jobs and why? Why are there so few girls with computer-related degrees? How can we encourage girls to be more involved in computer technology? And who else cares about this issue? Why is it important? Step four, start refining and focusing my question. Just because I have a research question doesn't necessarily mean it's a good question. So we're going to go through a couple of bad questions and talk about how to make them better. Let's start with this question. When did the first woman graduate with a degree in computer science? This isn't such a great question because there's really only one answer to this. There is no way to argue or defend or explore this question very well. A better question would be when, during their college career, do girls usually drop out of computer science programs, and how can we prevent this from happening? This is a question that I can actually explore and then take a stance or position on and then defend. Another bad question is, why do girls hate computers? Well, there's several reasons why this is a bad question. One of them is it's pretty general. It's blanketly stating that all girls hate computers, which isn't necessarily true. There's also really no way to explore or actually defend a feeling. You can't really tell me why girls hate computers. This isn't a question I can actually research. A better question is, why are girls dropping out of computer science programs at higher rates than guys? This is an issue I can dig into. I can come to an opinion on and then defend. So as you start coming up with and exploring research questions of your own, here are a few closing rules of thumbs to remember. One, avoid yes or no questions. Ask questions that might have multiple answers or opinions. This leads us to question two. If you don't ask yes or no questions, you'll start coming up with questions that require you to explain or defend your answer. They'll make you take a stance, which is what you're looking to do in college papers. And then finally, three, ask a question that can be tackled within your page limit. Don't pick a question that is so broad that you find yourself going on and on and on and overreaching your page limit. Find something that's manageable and that's small enough that you can actually answer in the page limit that you're given by your instructors. Now follow these rules, follow these guidelines, and hopefully coming up with research questions The next time you have to do this, it'll be a little simpler and a little less frustrating.

Writing Center

The Writing Center offers a number of writing support services for students and faculty.

• In-person tutoring in SJH 333
• Synchronous online tutoring through Microsoft Teams
• Asynchronous email tutoring
• Writing workshop series
• In-class workshops by faculty request
• Online resources on writing and research

Why See a Writing Tutor?

All writers – even very advanced ones – benefit from having a kindly-but-critical reader to review their work and offer suggestions for improvement. Whether you are staring at an assignment and trying to figure out how to get started or putting the final polish on an assignment you’ve been carefully crafting for weeks or months, a writing tutor can help. Writing tutors provide constructive feedback and guidance to writers across the college on all stages of the writing process. Want more details? Check out our explainer on How Tutoring Helps Writers or learn more in our detailed Writing Center FAQs.

Becoming a Tutor

Interested in sharing your expertise? Download the tutor application form and return it to [email protected]. You can also pick up and return the application by visiting Room 240 in St. Joseph Hall.

Writing Center Hours and Services

The Writing Center is open year-round. We offer tutoring in-person in St. Joseph Hall 333 and in Logue Library, as well as online tutoring through Microsoft Teams. For a breakdown of our hours at each location, see our  Online Resources .

Make an Appointment for In-Person or Online Tutoring

All appointments are scheduled through our  Microsoft Bookings  page. First, choose your preferred location (Writing Center, Logue Library, or online). Then, select an appointment type, time, and tutor. Finally, we will ask you some questions about your assignment to help us prepare for your session. Not sure which session type is right for you? Check out our  Appointment Type FAQ !

Submit a Paper for Email Tutoring

Go to our Email Tutoring Submission Form to send your paper to our email tutors. You can upload your paper right in the form. We will also ask you some questions about your assignment to help guide our feedback. A writing tutor will send feedback on your paper to your CHC email address within 48 hours.

Writing Center FAQ

Resources for Writers

Resources for Faculty

Resources for Tutors

Mission Statement

Jamie Lynn Longo, Ph.D.

Director, writing center.

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Breaking Down the Writing Process with AI

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• IT Services and Support
• Teaching and Learning Technologies
• Teach \ Tech

The instructional practices shared in this article are ideas for exploration, not requirements for any instructor. They were developed by Northwestern IT Teaching and Learning Technologies in partnership with the Provost’s Generative AI Advisory Committee.  Please note:

• Accessing Copilot in Bing via your Northwestern credentials is the recommended path for accessing a generative AI tool. Questions about AI usage pertaining to information and data security, or evaluation of new AI tools can be directed to the Northwestern IT Information Security Office .
• Output from large language models (LLMs) can include false or incorrect information. Verifying accuracy via other sources is a critical practice for instructors, students, and staff to engage in when using LLM s.

For both students and instructors, the introduction of generative AI via chatbots like ChatGPT in late 2022 introduced significant and complex challenges to core aspects of teaching and learning in higher education. Currently, the Northwestern Office of the Provost supports instructors in choosing their own level in which to integrate generative AI into their courses and notes that unattributed use by students may be a violation of the University’s Principles Regarding Academic Integrity . For many, involving generative AI in skills like writing is, at best, an uncomfortable position. For some, exploring generative AI with their students or asking them to critique ChatGPT output has been a productive way to engage students in examining the impact it can have on their writing.

When we think about generative AI and writing, a great place to start is with this short video featuring Elizabeth Lenaghan , Director of The Cook Family Writing Program and Associate Professor of Instruction, where she reiterates the importance of teaching writing in the generative AI age via a process model. The Cook Family Writing Program has created specific resources on generative AI and writing , which are referenced throughout this article. This article looks at four distinct parts of the writing process and offers step-by-step instructions on how to incorporate generative AI in ways that can help grow students’ understanding of generative AI and their own writing skills.  

Northwestern faculty, students, and staff have access to Microsoft’s large language model through Copilot in Bing at no cost to them. The use of Copilot in Bing is important because when you are signed in with your Northwestern account, any data you put into the chat is stored securely and Microsoft does not use it for product improvement or to train AI models. If you or your students want to use ChatGPT, you should use Bing .  

Growing Critical Generative AI Users  

As fall quarter starts, understanding the basics of how large language models work is critical for instructors and students, regardless of the extent to which you do or do not allow students to use generative AI in your class. We recommend watching and sharing the videos included below which were created by the Center for Advancing Safety of Machine Intelligence to build a common language and understanding with your students about how generative AI works and its potential impact when used in their writing. To use generative AI tools well, students need to employ critical thinking, information literacy, and writing skills.  

Writing Activities  

Activity 1: brainstorming with generative ai  .

Description :

Many students find it challenging to select a topic to write about. AI can assist by suggesting and refining ideas, much like guidance from a friend or instructor.   

• Without using generative AI, students brainstorm ideas related to a given topic, generating lists of ideas.
• Students review their lists to identify common themes and core concepts. For each core concept, they write a summary sentence explaining its significance.  
• Students pick one summary to enter as a prompt in Copilot to explore new angles and extend their initial ideas. Be specific in the prompt about what kind of output you want to see. For example, "I am sharing an idea for an essay I will write. Give me a list of five points I should cover. Here's the idea: [Summary sentence]."   
• Have students discuss these new perspectives in pairs, small groups, or larger group discussions to gain insights. (Source: Leon Furze )    

AI Learning Objectives:    

Students will:   

• generate and refine ideas, articulate core concepts.   
• use generative AI tools to enhance their understanding.   
• engage in discussion to develop critical thinking and communication skills.  

Additional Resource: Brainstorming with (and without AI)  

Activity 2: Crafting Thesis Statements with AI  

A clear thesis statement is crucial in writing as it provides direction and focus, guiding the structure and content of the entire piece. While creating a thesis can be challenging, generative AI can assist by offering suggestions and alternatives to help refine and articulate a compelling argument.  

• Students start by selecting a topic related to the course content that interests them.  
• Students draft a thesis statement focusing on their main argument and its significance.  
• Pair students to share their statements, providing feedback to each other on clarity, argument strength, and potential improvements, with constructive criticism and specific suggestions.  
• Have students input their thesis statements into a generative AI tool using the prompt, "I wrote a thesis statement, and I want you to provide me with feedback on clarity, argument strength, and potential improvements to the statement. Here is my thesis statement: [THESIS STATEMENT]"   
• Have students compare the AI's suggestions with their partner's feedback, noting any unique insights.  
• Conclude with a class discussion on their experiences, exploring the value of human versus AI feedback in enhancing writing. (Source: Crystal Camargo)   

Students will:    

• refine their thesis statements by integrating feedback from peers and generative AI .  
• improve their ability to critically evaluate and enhance their arguments.   

Additional Resource: Creating a Thesis statement with (and without AI)  

Activity 3: Reverse Outlining with AI  

Outlining is a critical step in the writing process that helps students understand the structure and flow of their work. By using a reverse outline with traditional outlining methods and generative AI tools, students can ensure that each paragraph contributes effectively to the overall argument.  

• Students select one of their own previously written papers or essays and review it to understand its main points and overall structure.  
• Students create a reverse outline by condensing each paragraph into a brief statement capturing its main idea, considering how it contributes to the paper's overall argument or narrative.  
• Next, students use a generative AI tool to produce a reverse outline of the same paper and compare it with their own to discover any differences or similarities. Use the prompt, “ Create a reverse outline of this document that includes a one- to two- sentence summary of each paragraph. Each summary should include the main idea of the paragraph and how it contributes to the paper's overall argument or narrative. Here is the document: [DOCUMENT TEXT]"   
• Encourage reflection on whether the AI highlights points they missed or suggests a different structure, and how both outlines align, or not, with the original intentions for their paper.  
• Facilitate a class discussion where students share insights gained. (Source: Ohio College Teaching Consortium )    
• use AI tools to create reverse outlines of their work, comparing AI interpretations with their own .  
• improve their understanding of structure and clarity in writing.   

Additional Resource : Outlining with (and without AI)  

Activity 4: Draft Feedback with AI Integration  

Students can utilize AI to "read" their draft and receive feedback on missing components, potential counterarguments, and structural improvements.   

• Ask students to bring a draft of a paragraph or two to class for feedback.   
• Students exchange drafts in small groups, providing and receiving peer feedback focused on structure, clarity, and argument strength.  
• Students input their draft into Copilot to receive additional feedback.  
• Students compare Copilot’s suggestions with the feedback they received from peers and the instructor.   
• After reviewing insights from all sources, students can develop a revision plan.   
• Conclude with a class discussion on how AI can complement traditional feedback methods, enhancing students' understanding of their strengths and areas for improvements.   

(Source: Ethan Mollick and Lilach Mollick)    

• integrate feedback from peers, instructors, and generative AI to improve their writing.  
• enhance clarity, coherence, and argument strength in their drafts.   
• understand the complementary role of AI in the feedback process.  

Final Thoughts  

When exploring generative AI in your courses, keep the generative AI portion opt-in and share with students how they complete the activity without using generative AI. No matter if or how you utilize generative AI in your course, be explicit with your students about your policies and expectations.     

The Cook Family Writing Center has resources to craft a syllabus statement that will guide your students in the ethical and effective integration of AI into their writing practices, ensuring clarity, consistency, and ongoing dialogue about the responsible use of these technologies. Be sure to include specific guidelines regarding embedded AI tools (like Grammarly) and website-based tools like Copilot.    

Connect with your community, through colleagues, Northwestern writing experts , or request a consultation to talk through any questions you have about using generative AI in the writing process.     

Videos to Share with Students     This video describes how LLMs use predictions to create output and how hallucinations can occur.         This video outlines what’s happening when it looks like LLMs are “thinking.”  From Northwestern Center for Advancing Safety of Machine Intelligence .

Continue Exploring this Topic

• Generative AI and Teaching for Fall 2024
• Generative AI on Your Terms: Data and Privacy 101
• AI Study Buddy

• Library of Congress
• Research Guides
• American Folklife Center

Folklife and Creative Writing: Resources in the American Folklife Center

Introduction.

• Cowboy poetry
• Veterans poetry
• Living Nations, Living Words
• Brazilian Chapbooks
• Veteran Memoirs
• Plays and Novels
• Non-Fiction
• Library Blog Posts and Podcasts
• Additional Resources
• Searching the Collection
• Maggie Jones,  Folklife Intern, American Folklife Center
• Melanie Kimball,  Folklife Intern, American Folklife Center
• Meg Nicholas, Folklife Specialist, American Folklife Center

Created:  June 13, 2024

Last Updated:  August 6, 2024

Ask a Librarian: American Folklife Center

American folklife center : ask a librarian.

Have a question? Need assistance? Use our online form to ask a librarian for help.

This guide provides an introduction to doing research on the topic of creative writing using American Folklife Center collections, and serves as a companion piece to an existing guide on Narrative and Verbal Arts in AFC collections. While the American Folklife Center archive contains primarily unpublished materials, in some cases a collection may include a manuscript or drafts of poems, essays or memoirs that were later published.

The Center's Collection Policy Statement lists nine areas of distinction for its collections, including "Narrative and Verbal Arts." The policy statement has this to say about this area of distinction:

Narrative and Verbal Arts encompass a wide range of genres including stories, myths, legends, jokes, fan literature, memes, proverbs, folk poetry, and cowboy poetry, as well as premier collections of American English regional dialects, plus collections of Gullah (Sea Islands Creole), Caribbean, and French-based Creole dialects.

For the purposes of this guide, "creative writing" encompasses examples of the written word found in AFC archival collections. This may refer to collections of materials written about AFC archival collections, or it may refer to a manuscript item that forms part of a donated collection. The items featured here often cross genres, including poetry, memoirs, and manuscripts for novels, essays and other non-fiction writing. To aid in navigation, collections have been grouped according to the following genres:

• Autobiography and Memoir
• Non-Fiction and Essays

Some collections may feature one creative writing style, while still others contain examples of multiple genres. In the latter case, the collection has been grouped according to the genre which best describes its contents.

In addition to these genre collections, the AFC archive also has items which pertain to the act of writing itself. These include interviews with notable authors which include descriptions of their writing process, as well as an exploration of writing for archival cataloguing.

Some of the collections and resources featured in this guide are available online. Others, including many non-digitized collections of note, require a visit to the American Folklife Center reading room. This guide is not intended to serve as a comprehensive record of all AFC archival collections relevant to this subject.

Writers Found in AFC Collections

• Maya Angelou
• Allen Ginsberg
• Stetson Kennedy
• Arthur Miller
• Toni Morrison
• Zora Neale Hurston

There is a digital presentation of this collection.

Creative Writing in the American Folklife Center

Richard Joseph Heh, author. "My Last Mission" poem written by Richard Joseph Heh. Richard Joseph Heh Collection (AFC 2001/001/87986), Veterans History Project, American Folklife Center, Library of Congress.

Lyntha Scott Eiler, photographer. John Russell, of Montcoal, reading a poem entitled "Keeper of the Forest" at the University of Charleston in Charleston, West Virginia. March 15, 1996. Coal River Folklife Collection (AFC 1999/008), American Folk

Alan Lomax, writer. Draft of unpublished scene from a play about the embodied characters Mind and Matter. Alan Lomax Collection (AFC 2004/004), American Folklife Center, Library of Congress.

Unrealeased outtake footage of an interview with poet Allen Ginsberg . Bruce Jackson and Diane Christian Collection (AFC 2011/009), American Folklife Center, Library of Congress.

Bess Lomax Hawes, writer. Bess's early writing, from 1930. Bess Lomax Hawes Collection (AFC 2014/008), American Folklife Center, Library of Congress

• Next: Poetry >>
• Last Updated: Aug 23, 2024 3:22 PM
• URL: https://guides.loc.gov/folklife-creative-writing

• Surgery >
• Research >

UB Surgical Outcomes and Research (SOAR)

UB Surgical Outcomes And Research (UB SOAR) Center was established in 2017 as a collaboration between the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences' Department of Surgery and UB's School of Public Health and Health Professions .

Currently UB SOAR serves as hub for several surgery-centered research programs including research on obesity and bariatric outcomes, surgical oncology care delivery and outcomes research, trauma outcomes research, and transplant outcomes program . These programs jointly resulted in numerous publications and presentations at leading national research conference and have generated nearly $4 million dollars in research funding. In addition, UB SOAR provides research training and mentoring to a broad spectrum of UB trainees interested in careers in surgery including undergraduate, graduate (MPH, MS and PhD), clinical and research fellows and postdocs, and junior faculty (19 surgical trainees total since 2017).

UB SOAR training activities have been in part supported by NYS DOH-funded Center Grant for the Buffalo General Hospital, the Empire Clinical Research Investigator Program (ECRIP). The goal of this training program is to promote development of new clinical researchers, provide seed funding for future center grants and support a broad spectrum of research activities around the Center’s theme.  The goal falls directly in line with the mission of Kaleida Health to advance the health of our community. Furthermore, this Center’s aim is synchronous with Kaleida Health’s vision “to provide compassionate, high-value, quality care, improving health in Western New York and beyond.”

Training new generation of clinician leaders is one of the core priorities for UB and Kaleida Health. Clinical research skills is the fundamental tool set for academic physicians of the future. UB SOAR draws from research and mentorship expertise across multiple UB Schools and Centers including Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Science, School of Public Health and Health Professions, Institute for Healthcare Informatics, the Clinical and Translational Research Center, Schools of Engineering and Social Work and College of Arts and Sciences.

The MPH and MS programs provide trainees with the necessary skills, knowledge and experience to work in health care delivery, public health, health insurance and other public and private healthcare and industry settings to inform population health programs, evaluate provider quality and impact of healthcare interventions, and assess organizational performance and patient outcomes.

Health Services Delivery and Administration is a quickly growing multidisciplinary field that includes management, finance, behavioral services, informatics, analytics, patient engagement and many other professional and research areas. Additional workshops, consultations and certificate programs are available to clinical trainees to accommodate their busy schedules and specific research interests.

Current Projects

Training Surgical Skills

To enhance surgical training, new virtual skills trainers are being developed for tasks ranging from fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery to camera navigation and advanced suturing. We have been collaborating on the development and validation of these devices. In particular, in collaboration with Kitware, Inc, we are investigating the use of simulators to support surgeons in the practice of responding to adverse and rare events to improve skill proficiency and resilience.

Surgical Skill Assessment

Systematic and objective evaluation and feedback are crucial for effective training of psychomotor skills involved in point-of-injury care and hospital-based medicine (HBM). Our team has been conducting two large-scale projects, funded by the U.S. Army and in collaboration with RPI and FSU-FAMU, on the use of brain-based and video-based metrics for evaluating skill on laparoscopic suturing and on prolonged field care tasks (endotracheal intubation and cricothyrotomy). Our current studies will be able to show the benefits and limitations of these metrics relative to other measurement modalities for the classification of experts versus novices and how brain activation as individuals train and gain skill on the task. These outcomes will inform training programs, and surgeon and Army medic credentialing standards.

Mental Imagery

Non-invasive functional neuroimaging during surgical tasks has been explored as an objective assessment tool. Our group was the first to monitor brain activity during Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) tasks and demonstrated that neuroimaging data can reliably discriminate between novice and expert performance. However, brain activity during cognitive surgical tasks has not yet been examined. Our overall goal is to develop a neuroimaging methodology for the objective evaluation of cognitive surgical tasks.  

ECRIP PROJECT DIRECTORS:

1.     Ekaterina Noyes PhD, MPH

2.     Liise Kayler MD, MS, FACS

FACULTY COLLABORATORS

1.     Aaron B. Hoffman MD, FACS

2.     Alan R. Posner MD, FACS

3.     John L. Butsch MD, FACS

4.     Csaba Gajdos MD, FACS, FSSO

5.     Meeghan Lautner MD. FACS

6.     W. Alan Guo MD, PhD, FACS

7.     Clarice Cooper MD, FACS

8.     Jeffrey Jordan MD, PhD, FACS

9.     Marcy Jordan, PhD

10.  Heather Link MD, MPH

11.  Henry Taylor PhD, MS

ECRIP Fellows :

2022 fellows:

1.     Jessica Martinolich, MD

2.     Jospeh L’Huillier, MD

2019 fellows:

1.     Iman Simmonds, MD

2.     Justin Gray, MD

3.     Nikolas Zaphiros MD, MPH

4.     Albert Luong MD, MPH

2017 fellows:

1.     John Reinier Narvaez, MD

Non-ECRIP fellows :

1.     Syed A. Karim MD

2.     Arianne T. Train MD

3.     Matthew Burstein, MD

4.     Irada Ibrahim-Zada MD

5.     Marissa Novack MD

6.     Salini Hota MD

7.     Kaci Schiavone MD

8.     Jaafar Elnagar MD

Residents :

2.     Alexandra Sima, MD

3.     Michael M. Wach, MD

4.     Eden Nohra, MD

5.     David Abramowitz, MD

6.     Tyler J. Maiers

Medical students :

1.     Anne Stoklosa

2.     Taylor Brophy

3.     Eylon Arbel

4.     Lindsay Nitsche

Student Statisticians :

1.     Lorin M. Towle-Miller

2.     Joseph D. Boccardo

3.     Hyun-Ah Lee

Current & Recent Funding

CURRENT GRANTS

• Promoting Shared Patient-Surgeon Decision Making To Optimize Utilization Of Ambulatory Based Procedures. CTSI Translational Pilot Studies Program     PI: Jessica Martinolich (2022 ECRIP Fellow)
• Video-Based Educational Approach to Increase Cancer Screening Among Racial Minorities and Low Health Literacy Populations M & T Bank                                                                             PI: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $50,000 4/1/2022-12/31/2024
• Video-Based Educational Approach to Increase Cancer Screening Amongst Racial Minorities And Low Health Literacy Populations CTSI Translational Pilot Studies Program                             PI: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $50,000 1/1/2023 - 12/31/2023 (No-cost extension approved till 12/31/2024)
• Disparities in Access and Outcomes of Weight Management in Western New York ECRIP                                                                                     PI: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $770,000 7/1/22-6/30/24
• Implementing personalized cross-sector transitional care management to promote care continuity, reduce low value utilization, and reduce the burden of treatment for high-need, high-cost patients. NIH R01                                              PI: Hewner      Co-investigator: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $2,000,000 2/1/21-1/31/2026

PENDING GRANTS                    

• Project ASTHMA - Aligning with Schools To Help Manage Asthma and Decrease Health Inequities NIH R01                                              PI: Holmes      Co-investigator: Katia Noyes 1/1/24-12/31/28
• Comparative Effectiveness of Strategies for Study Recruitment of Racial Minorities and Low SES Populations CTSI Translation Science Pilot                                               PI: Katia Noyes 1/1/25-12/31/25
• Setting Agenda for Investigation of Long COVID (SAIL) PCORI                                                                        MPI: Noyes/Sethi
• Increasing Lung Cancer Screening: An Urban Primary Care Health Center Approach NIH R03                                                                      PI: Somayaji 7/1/22-6/30/24

COMPLETED GRANTS

• The evaluation and implementation of a novel digital solution for multidisciplinary tumor boards (MTBs): An MTB quality improvement feasibility study evaluating team decision-making process Roche Diagnostics International                                Site PI: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $137,665 6/1/21-8/31/2023
• Preoperative respiratory muscle training to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing resection for lung cancer NIH R01                                                          PI: Ray Co- investigator: Katia Noyes 7/1/2018-6/30/2023                           
• School-Based Asthma Therapy to Reduce Disparities in Childhood Asthma: Dissemination and Implementation Evaluation NIH R01                      PI: Arcoleo      Subcontract PI/Co-Investigator: Katia Noyes Total Amount (subcontract): $83,981 Effort: Y1-Y3: 5%  Y4: 10% 8/1/19-7/31/23
• Impact of deficiencies in immune nutrients on healthcare utilization in outcomes in the US Pharmavite                                                                             PI: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $104,804                      12/1/20-12/31/22
•  Disparities in access to bariatric surgery Buffalo Blue Sky                                                                     PI: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $30,000 3/5/19-6/30/22 NCE
• Integration of CAncer survivorship into the Rural United States (ICaRUS) CTSI Translational Pilot Studies Program                             PI: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $49,973 1/1/21-6/30/22
• Effect of weight management on disparities in cancer and other obesity-related comorbidities ECRIP                                                                          PI: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $574,082 NCE 09/1/19-8/31/2022
• Efficacy of a Mobile Self-Management Education Program to Improve Kidney Transplant Adherence and Reduce Early Transplant Readmission. ECRIP                                                                         PI: Liise Kayler Total
• Problem Solving Skills Training in Adult Cancer Survivors: Bright IDEAS-AC NIH 1R21CA217382-01A1                                        MPI: Katia Noyes /Sahler                  Total Amount: $239,250          Effort: 15% 6/1/2018-5/31/2021 NCE
• Developing Novel Strategies to Increase Utilization of Renin Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) Blockade Drugs in Patients with Heart Failure K12 Faculty Scholar Program in Implementation Science    PI: Chang Primary Research Mentor: Katia Noyes 9/1/18-8/31/21
• Development and Implementation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Care Transition Intervention Integrating Pharmacists onto the Care Team K12 Faculty Scholar Program in Implementation Science    PI: David Jacobs Co-Primary Research Mentor: Katia Noyes
• Examining the feasibility of a community health worker program embedded in Western New York community pharmacies to address social determinants of health Total Amount: $47,312                                                Co-Investigator: Katia Noyes 1/1/21-12/31/21
• Examining Factors Associated with Increased Physical Trauma for Children and Youth with Special Health Care Needs CYSHCNET Emerging Investigator                          PI: Lillvis          Mentor: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $16,500 9/1/20-8/31/21
• Linking New York State Databases to Identify Risk Factors and Gaps in Care for Rural and Urban Health Disparities in Lung Cancer CTSA Pilot Grant                    PI: Somayaji               Co-investigator: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $50,000            4/1/18-6/30/21 NCE
• Cost-effectiveness of Nutritional Therapy in Cancer Patients Pharmavite                                                                 Site PI: Katia Noyes Total Amount: $62,177                        12/17/19-12/20/20

Scholarship, Fellowships , Awards

•  2023 Michael Zinner Health Services Research Fellowship Recipient: Jessica Martinolich (2022 ECRIP Fellow)
• 2022 2022 Medical Student Summer Research Award by Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) Recipient: Eylon Arbel
• Winner, Upstate New York American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma 2023. Recipient: Joseph C. L’Huillier      Resident’s Paper Competition (Gun Violence Revictimization in New York State: What Increases the Risk of Being Shot Again?)
• Outstanding Resident Teacher Award, Association for Surgical Education, 2023. Recipient: Joseph C. L’Huillier
• Recognition of Excellence Award, Association for Surgical Education, 2023. Recipient: Joseph C. L’Huillier
• 1st Place Oral Presentation, University at Buffalo Department of Surgery 19th Annual Research Day (On the Journey to Measure Expertise – What Can Functional Imaging Tell Us?). 2023. Recipient: Joseph C. L’Huillier
• 3rd Place Oral Presentation, University at Buffalo Department of Surgery 19th Annual Research Day (Association of Age and Frailty with Clinical Outcomes in Geriatric Patients with Rib Fractures). 2023. Recipient: Joseph C. L’Huillier
• 1st Place Poster Presentation—Group 1, University at Buffalo Department of Surgery 19th Annual Research Day (Competition Based Learning: Inspiring Interest in Surgical Skills Development). 2023. Recipient: Joseph C. L’Huillier
• Winner, Upstate New York American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma. Resident’s Paper Competition (MTP Thresholds and Mortality in Geriatric Trauma Patients: Are They Too Old or Too Frail?). 2022. Recipient: Joseph C. L’Huillier

External Collaborators

• Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Independent Health
• NYS Cancer Consortium
• Western NY VA Research Center (VISN 2)
• ECMC Level I Trauma Center
• Children’s Healthy Weigh of Buffalo (CHWOB)
• Center for Rural Mental Health at the School of Nursing
• Ergonomics and Biomechanics Lab at UB School of Engineering
• Center for Virtual Reality-based Provider Training at UB School of Social Work
• African American Health Disparities Task Force
• Patient Voices Network
• Rural Outreach Center and Primary Care Research Institute at UB Department of Family Medicine
• UB Clinical and Translational Research Institute.

Recent Publications

1.     Narvaez* JRF, Noyes K, Nie J, Kayler LK. Outcomes of DCD kidneys recovered for transplantation with versus without pre-mortem heparin administration. Clin Transplant. 2019 Jul;33(7):e13624.

2.     Narvaez* JRF, Nie J, Noyes K, Layler LK. Transplant outcomes of DCD livers recovered with vs. without pre-mortem heparin administration. Liver Transpl. 2020 Feb;26(2): 247-255. Epub 2019 Nov 22.

3.     Noyes K, Myneni AA, Schwaitzberg SD, Hoffman AB. Quality of MBSAQIP data: bad luck, or lack of QA plan? Surg Endosc. 2020 Feb;34(2):973-980. Epub 2019 June.

4.     Hoffman AB, Myneni AA, Orom H, Schwaitzberg SD, Noyes K. Disparity in access to bariatric surgery among African-American men. Surg Endosc. 2020 Jun; 34(6): 2630-2637. Epub: 2019 Aug 5.

5.     Train* AT, Hu J, Narvaez JRF, Towle-Miller LM, Wilding GE, Cavuoto L, Noyes K, Hoffman AB, Schwaitzberg SD. Teaching surgery novices and trainees advanced laparoscopic suturing: a trial and tribulations. Surg Endosc. 2020 Oct 13. Epub ahead of print.

6.     Smith S, Nie J, Noyes K, Keller M, Kayler L. Technology access and use among kidney transplant candidates vulnerable to health disparities. Clin Transplant. 2020 Nov;34(11):e14012. Epub 2020 Aug 4.

7.     Maiers TJ, Abramowitz DJ, Pominville R, Myneni AA, Noyes K, Bodkin Iii JJ. Management of genitourinary foreign bodies in a predominantly incarcerated population. Can J Urol. 2020 Dec;27(6):10444-10449.

8.     Hoffman AB, Myneni AA, Towle-Miller LM, Karim SA, Train AT, Burstein M, Schwaitzberg SD, Noyes K. The Early (2009–2017) Experience with Robot-Assisted Cholecystectomy in New York State. Annals of Surgery: 2021 Sept 1; 274(3):e245-e252. Epub May 2021.

9.     Kayler LK, Nie J, Noyes K. Hardest-to-place kidney transplant outcomes in the United States. Am J Transplant: 2021 Nov;21(11):3663-3672. Epub 2021 Jul 20.

10.  Luong* A, Nie J, Noyes K, Clarke T, Kayler L. The Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplant and Early Hospital Readmission after Kidney Transplantation. Austin Med Sci. 2021 Nov; 6(3): 1058.

11.  Kayler LK, Seibert RE, Dolph BA, Keller MM, Cadzow RB, Nie J, Noyes K, Feeley TH. Video education to facilitate patient outreach about living kidney donation: A proof of concept. Clin Transplant. 2021 Dec;35(12):e14477. Epub 2021 Sep 23.

12.  Torquati M, Mendis M, Xu H, Myneni AA, Noyes K, Hoffman AB, Omotosho P, Becerra AZ. Using the Super Learner algorithm to predict risk of 30-day readmission after bariatric surgery in the United States. Surgery. 2022 Mar;171(3):621-627. Epub 2021 Jul 31.

13.  Noyes K, Zapf AL, Depner RM, Flores T, Huston A, Rashid HH, McNeal D, Constine LS, Fleming FJ, Wilding GE, Sahler OJZ. Problem-solving skills training in adult cancer survivors: Bright IDEAS-AC pilot study. Cancer Treat Res Commun. 2022;31:100552. Epub 2022 Mar 25.

14.  Zaphiros* NH, Nie J, Noyes K, Luong A, Kayler LK. Donor rhabdomyolysis, acute kidney injury, and kidney transplant outcomes. Clin Transplant. 2022 Apr;36(4):e14569. Epub 2022 Jan 10.

15.  Somayaji* D, Seo YS, Wilding G, Noyes K. A Multilevel Approach to Investigate Relationships Between Health Care Resources and Lung Cancer. Nurs Res. 2022 May 5. PMID: 35510544

16.  Bengert E, Towle-Miller L, Boccardo J, Mercene G, Ohtake PJ, Balkundi P, Elkin PL, Balthasar J, Murphy TF, Noyes K. Novel approach for tracking interdisciplinary research productivity using institutional databases. Journal of Clinical and Translational Science. 2022 Aug 30;6(1):e119.

17.  Lillvis DF, Sheehan KM, Yu J, Noyes K, Bass KD, Kuo DZ. Characterizing physical trauma in children and youth with special health care needs. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2022 Sep 1;93(3):299-306. Epub 2022 Mar 14.

1.     Selected as a Finalist for the Joseph Tepas Non-MD Paper Competition

18.  Simmonds* I, Towle-Miller LM, Myneni AA, Gray J, Jordan JM, Schwaitzberg SD, Hoffman AB, Noyes K. Is New York State good at managing hollow viscus injury? Surg Endosc. 2022 Sep;36(9):6789-6800. Epub 2022 Jan 7.

19.  Burstein MD, Myneni AA, Towle-Miller LM, Simmonds I, Gray J, Schwaitzberg SD, Noyes K, Hoffman AB. Outcomes following robot-assisted versus laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: the New York State experience. Surg Endosc. 2022 Sep;36(9):6878-6885. Epub 2022 Feb 14.

20.  Light* J, Ruh C, Ott M, Banker C, Meaney D, Doloresco F, Noyes K. The Effect of Pharmacy-Led Medication Reconciliation on Odds of Psychiatric Relapse at a Community Hospital. Journal of Pharmacy Practice. 2022 Oct. Epub ahead of print.

21.  Wach MM, Myneni AA, Miller L, Boccardo J, Ibrahim-Zada I, Schwaitzberg SS, Noyes K, Gajdos C. An assessment of perioperative outcomes for open, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted pancreaticoduodenectomy in New York State. J Surg Oncol. 2022 Dec;126(8):1434-1441. Epub 2022 Aug 20.

22.  Yousefi-Nooraie R, Noyes K. Editorial: Challenges for the provision of guideline-recommended cancer care to rural and medically underserved communities. Front. Health Serv. 2023 Jan. 2:1113916.

23.  Myneni AA, Brophy T, Harmon B, Boccardo JD, Burstein MD, Schwaitzberg SD, Noyes K, Hoffman AB. The impact of disclosure of conflicts of interest in studies comparing robot-assisted and laparoscopic cholecystectomies-a persistent problem. Surg Endosc. 2023 Feb;37(2):1515-1527. Epub 2022 Jul 18.

24.  Myneni AA, Simmonds I, Orom H, Anderson LM, Singh R, Homish GG, Wright AJ, Pigott S, Onoh JC, Hoffman AB, Noyes K. A qualitative analysis of Black men's attitudes toward obesity and bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2023 Apr 5:S1550-7289(23)00136-3. Epub ahead of print.

25.  L’Huillier JC, Jensen RM, Clanahan JM, Lund S, Myneni AA, Noyes K, Cooper CA, Nahmias J, Parikh PP, Rogers DA, Falcone JL. The surgical education research fellowship: a qualitative analysis of recent graduates’ perceptions. Global Surgical Education. Journal of Association for Surgical Education. Nov 2, 2023. Volume 2, Article 103.

26.  L’Huillier JC, Hua S, Logghe HJ, Myneni AA, Noyes K, Guo WA. (2023). Transfusion futility thresholds and mortality in geriatric trauma: Does frailty matter? American Journal of Surgery. Aug 5, 2023; S0002-9610(23)00422-1

27.  Chopko A, Tian M, L’Huillier JC, Filipescu R, Yu J, Guo WA. Utility of intracranial pressure monitoring in patients with traumatic brain injuries: a propensity score matching analysis of TQIP data. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. Feb 16, 2023. Online ahead of print.

28.  Ruggiero N, L’Huillier JC, Marine N, Burns O, Mawani F, Sanders M, Abbas A, Adams TM, Santos BF, Wirengard YR, Rosser JB. Perceptions of Competition-Based Learning after a Brief Experience. Surg Innov. 2023 Oct 13: 15533506231207438.

29.  L’Huillier JC, Moreci R (co-first), Gates R, Thelen A, George BC, Jung S. The Surgical Education Seminar Series: A novel, free resource from the Association for Surgical Education and the Society for Improving Medical Professional Learning. Global Surg Educ. 2023;2(96).

30.  L’Huillier JC, Lund S, Anand A, Jensen RM, Williamson AJH, Clanahan JM, Moreci R, Gates RS. Thriving as a surgical intern: Three tips from the collaboration of surgical education fellows (CoSEF). Ann Surg Open. 2023 Sept;4(3):p e306.

31.  Epstein A, Lim R, Johannigman J, Fox CJ, Inaba K, Vercruysse GA, Thomas RW, Martin MJ, Konstantyn G, Schwaitzberg SD. Collaborators: Epstein D, Ginzburg E, Michael R, Brook G, Scarborough AJ, Iskander J, Mercado P, Rallo MS, Lukan J, L’Huillier JC, Nahnybediuk M, Popkov A. Putting medical boots on the ground: Lessons from the war in Ukraine and applications for future conflict with near peer adversaries. J Am Coll Surg. 2023 Aug 1;237(2):364-373.

New York State Department and Research Cooperative System

SPARCS is a comprehensive all payer data reporting system established in 1979 as a result of cooperation between the healthcare industry and government. SPARCS currently collects patient-level detail on patient characteristics, diagnoses and treatments, services, and charges for each hospital inpatient stay and outpatient (ambulatory surgery, emergency department, and outpatient services) visit; and each ambulatory surgery and outpatient services visit to a hospital extension clinic and diagnostic and treatment center licensed to provide ambulatory surgery services.

https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/sparcs/access/

New York State and New York City Bureau of Vital Statistics

The Bureau of Vital Statistics is responsible for the registration, amendment, analysis, and reporting of all vital events in NYC including births, deaths, and terminations of pregnancy.

https://www.nyc.gov/site/doh/data/data-sets/vital-statistics-data.page e

SEER-Medicine

The SEER-Medicare data reflect the linkage of two large population-based sources of data that provide detailed information about Medicare beneficiaries with cancer. The data come from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) External Web Site Policy program of cancer registries that collect clinical, demographic and cause of death information for persons with cancer and the Medicare claims for covered health care services from the time of a person's Medicare eligibility until death.

https://healthcaredelivery.cancer.gov/seermedicare/obtain/

MBSAQIP Metabolic Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program

The MBSAQIP Participant Use Data File (PUF) is a is a HIPAA-compliant data file containing cases submitted to the MBSAQIP Data Registry. The PUF contains patient-level, aggregate data and does not identify hospitals, health care providers, or patients.

https://www.facs.org/quality-programs/accreditation-and-verification/metabolic-and-bariatric-surgery-accreditation-and-quality-improvement-program/participant-use-data-file-puf/

NSQIP National Surgical Quality Improvement Program

The NSQIP Participant Use Data File (PUF) is a is a HIPAA-compliant data file containing cases submitted to the NSQIP Data Registry. The 2022 PUF contains 1,011,899 cases submitted from 702 NSQIP-participating sites. Sixteen other separate NSQIP PUFs, containing a rich database of more than 10.6 million cases, are also available. Only cases included in corresponding Semiannual Report (SAR) risk-adjustment calculations are in the PUF datasets.

https://www.facs.org/quality-programs/data-and-registries/acs-nsqip/participant-use-data-file/

NSQIP-Pediatric National Surgical Quality Improvement Program - Pediatric

The Pediatric Participant Use Data File (PUF) is a HIPAA-compliant data file containing cases submitted to the ACS NSQIP Pediatric. The PUF contains patient-level, aggregate data and does not identify hospitals, health care providers, or patients.

https://www.facs.org/quality-programs/data-and-registries/pediatric/participant-use-data-file/

This program allows access to searchable, de-identified clinical patient data. It contains data from some 800,000 UB|MD patients' electronic health records. Investigators can have access to UBMD and Kaleida Health data with ECMC and GPPC Network data soon to be added.  In additional national and international data can also be accessed.

https://www.buffalo.edu/ctsi/cores/clinical-research-office/educational-modules/i2b2-and-trinetx--an-introduction.html

Independant Health Assocation

This large health insurance company data covers Western New York Counties served by IHA. Data from inpatient admissions, ER, urgent care and outpatient visits can be requested.

Please contact Jessica Thomas, Director of Quality Programs at IHA for data requests at: [email protected]

American Medical Association Physician Data

Physician characteristics data can be requested for healthcare research. This data is relatively expensive.

mmslists.com or 1-800-MED-LIST

HealthNow – Highmark BlueCross

D-identified data from individuals covered by Highmark Blue Cross Blue Shield.

Request data access from UB’s Institute for Healthcare Informatics

Uniform Data System

Data from inpatient rehabilitation and skilled nursing home facilities.

Request data from UDSMR: https://www.udsmr.org/

NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a program of studies designed to assess the health and nutritional status of adults and children in the United States. The survey is unique in that it combines interviews and physical examinations.

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/Default.aspx

National Health Interview Survey

The National Health Interview Survey is a survey collecting information on the health, health care access, and health behaviors of the civilian, non-institutionalized U.S. population, with digital data files available from 1963 to present. IPUMS Health Surveys harmonizes these data and allows users to create custom NHIS data extracts for analysis.

https://nhis.ipums.org/nhis/

Department of Veterans Affairs Open Data Portal

The Department of Veterans Affairs Open Data Portal provides de-identified health data freely to the public. Open Data provides a browsable website as well as a set of programming interfaces (APIs) allowing websites, applications and other software to consume machine readable data. This platform is part of an initiative to promote entrepreneurship, innovation, and government transparency.

https://www.data.va.gov/

National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB)

The National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) is the largest trauma database in the United States. NTDB creates and shares research datasets and descriptive annual reports containing patient demographics, injuries, and outcomes.

www.facs.org/quality-programs/trauma/quality/national-trauma-data-bank/

NYU Health Evaluation and Analytics Lab Dataset

A comprehensive New York State Medicaid claims dataset is provided to researchers by the Health Evaluation and Analytics Lab at New York University (NYU). The dataset is a result of collaboration between NYU and The New York State Department of Health and is used to improve the quality of care and outcomes for those who rely on Medicaid.

https://med.nyu.edu/departments-institutes/population-health/divisions-sections-centers/health-behavior/section-health-choice-policy-evaluation/research/health-evaluation-analytics-lab/dataset

Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR)

The Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) receives data primarily from the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) to provide summary reports and analyses to the transplant community. OPTN’s current data collection system is UNet which includes data from US transplant and organ donations since 1987.

www.srtr.org/about-the-data/the-srtr-database/

Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS)

The Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) is a data reporting system developed in 1979 by the healthcare industry and government. SPARCS collects a comprehensive set of patient data about hospital use including diagnoses, treatments, and charges for inpatient admissions, emergency department, outpatient and ambulatory tests and procedures.

www.health.ny.gov/statistics/sparcs/

Unified Data System for Medical Rehabilitation (UDSMR)

The Unified Data System for Medical Rehabilitation (UDSMR) maintains the largest medical rehabilitation outcomes database in the world. UDSMR provides subscribers with intuitive software tools allowing them to access data, track outcomes and create reports.

www.udsmr.org/

Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI)

The Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) collects and shares data with over 650 participating medical centers to improve vascular health care from the perspectives of cost, effectiveness, quality and safety. VQI provides de-identified datasets to physicians to support research projects in the field of vascular medicine.

www.vqi.org/

Katerina Noyes, PhD

[email protected]

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Medieval history

Modern history, administrative and municipal status, demographics, transportation, notable people, twin towns and sister cities, external links.

Astrakhan was formerly the capital of the Khanate of Astrakhan (a remnant of the Golden Horde ) of the Astrakhan Tatars , and was located on the higher right bank of the Volga, seven miles (11   km) from the present-day city. Situated on caravan and water routes, it developed from a village into a large trading centre, before being conquered by Timur in 1395 and captured by Ivan the Terrible in 1556 and in 1558 it was moved to its present site.

The oldest economic and cultural center of the Lower Volga region, [16] it is often called the southernmost outpost of Russia, [17] and the Caspian capital. [18] [19] The city is a member of the Eurasian Regional Office of the World Organization United Cities and Local Governments . [20] The great ethnic diversity of its population gives a varied character to Astrakhan. The city is the center of the Astrakhan metropolitan area .

The name is a corruption of Hashtarkhan, itself a corruption of Haji Tarkhan ( حاجی‌ ترخان )—a name amply evidenced in the medieval writings. Tarkhan is possibly a Turco-Mongolian title standing for "great khan ", or "king", while haji or hajji is a title given to one who has made the Islamic requisite of pilgrimage to Mecca . Together, they denoted "the king who has visited Mecca". [ citation needed ] The city has given its name to the particular pelts from young karakul sheep , and in particular to the hats traditionally made from the pelts. [ citation needed ]

Colloquially, the city is known by the short form Astra . Another popular nickname is The Caspian Capital . [ citation needed ]

Astrakhan is in the Volga Delta , which is rich in sturgeon and exotic plants. The fertile area formerly contained the capitals of Khazaria and the Golden Horde . Astrakhan was first mentioned by travelers in the early 13th century as Xacitarxan . Tamerlane burnt it to the ground in 1395 during his war with the Golden Horde . From 1459 to 1556, Xacitarxan was the capital of Astrakhan Khanate by the Astrakhan Tatars . The ruins of this medieval settlement were found by archaeologists 12   km upstream from the modern-day city.

Starting in A.D. 1324, Ibn Battuta , the famous Berber Muslim traveler, began his pilgrimage from his native city of Tangier , present-day Morocco to Mecca. Along the 12,100-kilometer (7,500   mi) trek, which took nearly 29 years, Battuta came in contact with many new cultures, which he writes about in his diaries. One specific country that he passed through on his journey was the Golden Horde ruled by the descendants of Genghis Khan , located on the Volga River in southern Russia; which Battuta refers to as the river Athal. He then claims the Athal is, "one of the greatest rivers in the world". In the winter, the Khan stays in Astrakhan. Due to the cold water, Özbeg Khan ordered the people of Astrakhan to lay many bundles of hay down on the frozen river. He does this to allow the people to travel over the ice. When Battuta and the Khan spoke about Battuta visiting Constantinople, which the Khan granted him permission to do, the Khan then gifted Battuta with fifteen hundred dinars, many horses, and a dress of honor. [21] [22]

In 1556, the khanate was conquered by Ivan the Terrible , who had a new fortress, or kremlin , built on a steep hill overlooking the Volga in 1558. This year is traditionally considered to be the foundation of the modern city. [3]

In 1569, during the Russo-Turkish War , Astrakhan was besieged by the Ottomans, who had to retreat in disarray. A year later, the Ottoman sultan renounced his claims to Astrakhan, thus opening the entire Volga River to Russian traffic. [ citation needed ] The Ottoman Empire , though militarily defeated, insisted on safe passage for Muslim pilgrims and traders from Central Asia as well as the destruction of the Russian fort on the Terek River . [23] In the 17th century, the city was developed as a Russian gate to the Orient. Many merchants from Armenia , Safavid Persia , Mughal India , [24] [25] and Khivan Khanate settled in the town, giving it a cosmopolitan character.

For seventeen months in 1670–1671, Astrakhan was held by Stenka Razin and his Cossacks . Early in the following century, Peter the Great constructed a shipyard here and made Astrakhan the base for his hostilities against Persia, and later in the same century Catherine the Great accorded the city important industrial privileges. [26]

The city was held from 1707 by the Cossacks under Kondraty Bulavin during the Bulavin Rebellion until they were defeated the next year. A Kalmuck khan laid an abortive siege to the kremlin several years before that.

In 1717, it became the seat of Astrakhan Governorate , whose first governors included Artemy Petrovich Volynsky and Vasily Nikitich Tatishchev . Six years later, Astrakhan served as a base for the first Russian venture into Central Asia . In 1702, 1718 and 1767, it suffered severely from fires; in 1719 it was plundered by the Safavid Persians; and in 1830, cholera killed much of the populace. [26]

The Astrakhan Kremlin was built from the 1580s to the 1620s from bricks taken from the site of Sarai Berke . Its two impressive cathedrals were consecrated in 1700 and 1710, respectively. Built by masters from Yaroslavl , they retain many traditional features of Russian church architecture, while their exterior decoration is definitely baroque .

In March 1919 after a failed workers' revolt against Bolshevik rule, 3,000 to 5,000 people were executed in less than a week by the Cheka under orders from Sergey Kirov . Some victims had stones tied around their necks and were thrown into the Volga. [27] [28]

During Operation Barbarossa , the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, the A-A line running from Astrakhan to Arkhangelsk was to be the eastern limit of German military operation and occupation. The plan was never carried out, as Germany captured neither the two cities nor Moscow . In the autumn of 1942, the region to the west of Astrakhan became one of the easternmost points in the Soviet Union reached by the invading German Wehrmacht , during Case Blue , the offensive which led to the Battle of Stalingrad . Light armored forces of German Army Group A made brief scouting missions as close as 35   km to Astrakhan before withdrawing. In the same period, elements of both the Luftwaffe 's KG 4 and KG 100 bomber wings attacked Astrakhan, flying several air raids and bombing the city's oil terminals and harbor installations.

In 1943, Astrakhan was made the seat of a Soviet oblast within the RSFSR . The oblast was retained as a national province of the independent Russian Federation in the 1991 administrative reshuffle after the dismemberment of the Soviet Union .

In the present day, Astrakhan is a large industrial centre of the Volga country, Russia, with a population of over 500,000. Starting nearly 400 years ago and continuing to the present day, Astrakhan has been Russia's main center of fish processing. The market for fish is a large component of the economy in this city. [29]

Owing to shared Caspian borders, Astrakhan recently has been playing a significant role in the relations between Russia and Azerbaijan. As the latter's government has been heavily investing into the wellbeing of the city, Astrakhan has recently begun to symbolize the friendship between both countries. In 2010 a bridge was constructed with donations from Azerbaijan, which was named "Bridge of Friendship". [30] Moreover, Azerbaijani government sponsored secondary school number 11, which carries the name of the national leader Heydar Aliyev , as well as a children's entertainment center named "Dream". [31] Apart from that, a park has been built in the center of Astrakhan which is dedicated to friendship between the two countries. In the last 5 years Astrakhan has been visited by top Azerbaijani delegations on several occasions. [32] [33] [34] [35]

After fraud was alleged in the mayoral election of 2012 and the United Russia candidate was declared the winner, organizers of the 2011–2012 Russian protests supported the defeated candidate, Oleg V. Shein of Just Russia , in a hunger strike . Protestors, buoyed by celebrities who support the reform movement, attracted 5,000 people to a rally on April 14. [36]

Astrakhan is the administrative center of the oblast . [10] Within the framework of administrative divisions , it is incorporated as the city of oblast significance of Astrakhan —an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts . [1] As a municipal division , the city of oblast significance of Astrakhan is incorporated as Astrakhan Urban Okrug . [11]

The city of Astrakhan is further subdivided into four administrative districts: Kirovsky, Leninsky, Sovetsky and Truskovsky.

Astrakhan is the archiepiscopal see of one of the metropolitanates and (as Astrakhan and Yenotayevka) eparchies of the Russian Orthodox Church , its only other suffragan being Akhtubinsk. [ citation needed ] There is also a Catholic community, served by the Church of the Assumption of Mary (Astrakhan) . There is also a substantial Muslim population made up of Astrakhan Tatars and other Muslims. [37] At 1777 the white Mosque was built, [38] and the Baku Mosque was built in 1907–1909.

According to the results of the 2021 Census, the population of Astrakhan was 475,629. [15]

At the time of the official 2021 Census, the ethnic makeup of the city's population was: [39]

The city lies on two banks of the Volga, in the upper part of the Volga Delta, on eleven islands of the Caspian Depression, 60 miles (100 km) from the Caspian Sea. At an elevation of 28 meters (92 ft) below sea level, it is the lowest city in Russia.

Astrakhan features a continental cold semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification : BSk ) with cold winters and hot summers. Astrakhan is one of the driest cities in Europe. Rainfall is scarce but relatively evenly distributed throughout the course of the year with, however, more precipitation (58%) in the hot season (six hottest months of the year).

The below sea-level elevation and long distance from the ocean of Astrakhan significantly influences the climate. Winters are cold with average January temperature -3.6 °С (25.5 °F). Summer temperatures in Astrakhan are one of the highest in Russia with average Jule temperature 26.1 °С (79 °F) and may reach 40 °С (104 °F) and higher. The summers are much hotter than found further west on similar latitude in Europe and worldwide for 46°N with the notable exception of the interior Pacific Northwest of the United States. [ citation needed ] The mean annual temperature amplitude (difference between the mean monthly temperatures of the hottest and coldest months) is thus equal to 29.7 °С (85.5 °F) so the climate is truly continental. Spring and fall are basically transitional seasons between summer and winter.

Astrakhan has five institutions of higher education. Most prominent among these are Astrakhan State Technical University and Astrakhan State University .

The city is served by Narimanovo Airport named after Soviet Azerbaijani politician Nariman Narimanov . It is managed by OAO Aeroport Astrakhan. After its reconstruction and the building of the international sector, opened in February 2011, Narimanovo Airport is one of the most modern regional airports in Russia. There are direct flights between Astrakhan and Aktau , Istanbul , St. Petersburg and Moscow.

There is also a military airbase nearby ( Astrakhan (air base) ).

Astrakhan is linked by rail to the north ( Volgograd and Moscow), the east ( Atyrau and Kazakhstan ) and the south ( Makhachkala and Baku). There are direct trains to Moscow, Volgograd, Saint Petersburg , Baku , Kyiv , Brest and other towns. Intercity and international buses are available as well. Public local transport is mainly provided by buses and minibuses called marshrutkas . Until 2007 there were also trams, and until 2017 trolleybuses.

• Luara Hayrapetyan , singer
• Boris Kustodiev , painter
• Joseph Deniker , naturalist and anthropologist
• Ilya Ulyanov , father of Aleksandr Ulyanov and Vladimir Lenin .
• Rinat Dasayev , association football player
• Marziyya Davudova , actress
• Velimir Khlebnikov , poet
• Emiliya Turey , handball player
• Andrei Belyanin , science fiction writer
• Dmitri Dyuzhev , actor
• Maksim Gleykin , former professional football player
• Vasily Trediakovsky , academic, poet, translator
• Tamara Milashkina , soprano
• Valeria Barsova , soprano
• Maria Maksakova, Sr. , mezzo-soprano
• Elena Nikitina , skeleton racer
• Yelena Shalamova , rhythmic gymnast
• Natalia Sokolovskaya , pianist and composer
• Nikolai Petrovich Skarzhinsky Russian Cossack Lieutenant decorated at the Battle of Borodino . [42]
• Pytor Mikhailovich Skarzhinsky Russian general and governor of Astrakhan. [43]

Astrakhan is twinned with:

• Astrakhan Jews
• Astrakhan Tatars

Related Research Articles

Privolzhsky District is the name of several various districts in Russia. The name literally means "something near the Volga".

Krasnoyarsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia:

Akhtubinsk is a town and the administrative center of Akhtubinsky District in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Akhtuba River, 292 kilometers (181 mi) north of Astrakhan, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 41,853 (2010 Russian census) ; 45,542 ; 50,261 (1989 Soviet census) ; 30,000 (1968).

Znamensk is a closed town in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. Population: 29,401 (2010 Russian census) , 24,628

Narimanov is a town and the administrative center of Narimanovsky District in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia, located on the western bank of the Volga River, 48 kilometers (30 mi) northwest from Astrakhan, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 11,521 (2010 Russian census) ; 11,202 (2002 Census) ; 11,084 (1989 Soviet census) ; 3,400 (1979).

Kamyzyak is a town and the administrative center of Kamyzyaksky District in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia, located on the Kamyzyak River, 27 kilometers (17 mi) south of Astrakhan, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 16,314 (2010 Russian census) ; 16,052 (2002 Census) ; 15,084 (1989 Soviet census) .

Volodarsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia. The districts are generally named after V. Volodarsky, a Russian revolutionary and politician.

Chernoyarsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eleven in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast. The area of the district is 4,217.99 square kilometers (1,628.58 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Chyorny Yar. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 20,220, with the population of Chyorny Yar accounting for 38.5% of that number.

Ikryaninsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eleven in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,950 square kilometers (750 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Ikryanoye. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 47,759, with the population of Ikryanoye accounting for 21.0% of that number.

Limansky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eleven in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 5,234 square kilometers (2,021 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality of Liman. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 31,952, with the population of Liman accounting for 28.2% of that number.

Privolzhsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eleven in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 840.9 square kilometers (324.7 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Nachalovo. Population: 43,647 (2010 Russian census) ; 38,649 ; 38,575 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Nachalovo accounts for 12.5% of the district's total population.

Yenotayevsky District is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eleven in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 6,300 square kilometers (2,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Yenotayevka. Population: 26,786 (2010 Russian census) ; 27,625 ; 29,093 (1989 Soviet census) . The population of Yenotayevka accounts for 28.4% of the district's total population.

Kharabali is a town and the administrative center of Kharabalinsky District in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Akhtuba River 142 kilometers (88 mi) northwest of Astrakhan, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 18,117 (2010 Russian census) ; 18,296 (2002 Census) ; 18,566 (1989 Soviet census) .

Ikryanoye is a rural locality and the administrative center of Ikryaninsky District of Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. Population: 10,036 (2010 Russian census) ; 9,925 (2002 Census) ; 9,629 (1989 Soviet census) .

Krasny Yar is a rural locality and the administrative center of Krasnoyarsky District of Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. Population: 11,824 (2010 Russian census) ; 10,926 (2002 Census) ; 10,875 (1989 Soviet census) .

Nachalovo is a rural locality and the administrative center of Privolzhsky District of Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. Population: 5,451 (2010 Russian census) ; 4,830 (2002 Census) ; 3,922 (1989 Soviet census) .

Volodarsky is a rural locality and the administrative center of Volodarsky District of Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. Population: 10,005 (2010 Russian census) ; 9,553 (2002 Census) ; 9,326 (1989 Soviet census) .

Liman is an urban-type settlement and the administrative center of Limansky District of Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. Population: 9,024 (2010 Russian census) ; 8,899 (2002 Census) ; 9,185 (1989 Soviet census) .

Volgo-Kaspiysky is an urban-type settlement in Kamyzyaksky District of Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. Population: 2,581 (2010 Russian census) ; 2,674 (2002 Census) ; 3,088 (1989 Soviet census) .

Kirovsky is an urban-type settlement in Kamyzyaksky District of Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. Population: 2,249 (2010 Russian census) ; 2,259 (2002 Census) ; 2,446 (1989 Soviet census) .

• 1 2 3 4 5 Law #67/2006-OZ
• ↑ Decision #123
• ↑ Charter of Astrakhan, Article   35
• ↑ Charter of Astrakhan, Article   32
• ↑ Official website of Astrakhan. Head of the City Administration Archived May 9, 2015, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
• ↑ Russian Institute of Urban Planning. Генеральный план города Астрахань. Основные технико-экономические показатели. Archived October 2, 2013, at the Wayback Machine ( General Plan of the City of Astrakhan. Main Technical Economical Measures ). (in Russian)
• ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том   1 [ 2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.   1 ] . Всероссийская перепись населения 2010   года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service .
• ↑ Astrakhan Oblast Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service . Население Archived March 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine ( Population ) (in Russian)
• 1 2 Charter of Astrakhan Oblast, Article   9
• 1 2 3 Law #43/2004-OZ
• ↑ "Об исчислении времени" . Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011 . Retrieved 19 January 2019 .
• ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. ( Russian Post ). Поиск объектов почтовой связи ( Postal Objects Search ) (in Russian)
• ↑ Charter of Astrakhan, Article   6
• 1 2 "Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации" . Federal State Statistics Service . Retrieved 26 March 2023 .
• ↑ "Официальный сайт органов местного самоуправления" . Archived from the original on 11 December 2013 . Retrieved 14 May 2023 .
• ↑ "В военных подразделениях Астраханской области работают 35 тысяч специалистов — Российская газета — Спецвыпуск № 4762" . rg.ru . October 2008 . Retrieved 6 September 2017 .
• ↑ Howard Amos (17 July 2011). "Astrakhan" . themoscowtimes.com . Archived from the original on 19 September 2018 . Retrieved 18 September 2018 .
• ↑ "Gazprom dobycha Astrakhan to be major partner for Days of Spain in Russia within Astrakhan Oblast" . www.gazprom.com . 8 April 2011. Archived from the original on 25 July 2021 . Retrieved 18 September 2018 .
• ↑ "Публикации – Члены ОГМВ Евразия" . euroasia-uclg.ru . Retrieved 6 September 2017 .
• ↑ " Lands of the Golden Horde & the Chagatai: 1332 - 1333 Archived August 12, 2018, at the Wayback Machine ". University of California, Berkeley (UCB).
• ↑ Batuta, Ibn, and Samuel Lee. The Travels of Ibn Battuta in the Near East, Asia and Africa. pp79
• ↑ Janet Martin, Medieval Russia:980-1584 , 356.
• ↑ "Astrakhan's India Connection" . 16 March 2020.
• ↑ Staff, Homegrown (8 June 2021). "Fascinating Accounts Of Indians In Russia Dating Back To The 17th Century" . Homegrown . Retrieved 14 May 2023 .
• ↑ [books.google.com.sg/books?id=00o2eO8w06oC&pg=PA5]
• ↑ "Archived copy" . Archived from the original on December 22, 2011 . Retrieved March 12, 2012 . {{ cite web }} : CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( link )
• ↑ "Astrakhan" . russia.rin.ru . Retrieved 14 May 2023 .
• ↑ "Heydar Aliyev Foundation - Azerbaijan-Russia Friendship Bridge in Astrakhan" . heydar-aliyev-foundation.org . Retrieved 6 September 2017 .
• ↑ "Azerbaijan, Russian Astrakhan mull relations" . azernews.az . 12 May 2014 . Retrieved 6 September 2017 .
• ↑ APA Information Agency, APA Holding. "APA - Presidents of Azerbaijan and Russia met in Astrakhan - PHOTO" . en.apa.az . Retrieved 6 September 2017 .
• ↑ "News.Az - Azerbaijani first lady Mehriban Aliyeva receives Astrakhan Oblast Order of Merit" . news.az . Retrieved 6 September 2017 .
• ↑ "tass.ru/en/world/699466" . tass.ru . Retrieved 6 September 2017 .
• ↑ "Гейдар Алиев на полях сражений Ивана Грозного - астраханские записки Эйнуллы Фатуллаева" . Haqqin . 19 April 2015 . Retrieved 6 September 2017 .
• ↑ David M. Herszenhorn (14 April 2012). "Moscow Protesters Take Their Show on the Road" . The New York Times . Retrieved 15 April 2012 .
• ↑ "TATAR MUSLIM COMMUNITY OF ASTRAKHAN IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY" . Retrieved 14 May 2023 .
• ↑ "White Mosque of Astrakhan attraction reviews - White Mosque of Astrakhan tickets - White Mosque of Astrakhan discounts - White Mosque of Astrakhan transportation, address, opening hours - attractions, hotels, and food near White Mosque of Astrakhan" .
• ↑ "Итоги::Астраханьстат" . Retrieved 26 March 2023 .
• ↑ "Pogoda.ru.net (Weather and Climate-The Climate of Astrakhan)" (in Russian). Weather and Climate . Retrieved 8 November 2021 .
• ↑ "Astrahan (Astrakhan) Climate Normals 1961–1990" . National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . Retrieved 3 November 2021 .
• ↑ "Генерал Скаржинский и его дети: неизвестное о представителях известного рода" . 19 November 2016.
• ↑ "رشت و آستارا خان خواهر خوانده شدند+ تصاویر | پایگاه خبری تحلیلی 8دی نیوز" . 8deynews.com (in Persian). 28 April 2014 . Retrieved 6 September 2017 .
• Государственная Дума Астраханской области.   Закон   №67/2006-ОЗ   от   4 октября 2006 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Астраханской области», в ред. Закона №46/2017-ОЗ от   5 сентября 2017 г.   «О преобразовании муниципальных образований и административно-территориальных единиц "Лебяжинский сельсовет", "Образцово-Травинский сельсовет", "Полдневский сельсовет" и внесении изменений в Закон Астраханской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований и наделении их статусом сельского, городского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района" и Закон Астраханской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Астраханской области"». Вступил в силу   по истечении 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Сборник законов и нормативных правовых актов Астраханской области", №47, 19 октября 2006 г. (State Duma of Astrakhan Oblast.   Law   # 67/2006-OZ   of   October   4, 2006 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Astrakhan Oblast , as amended by the Law   # 46/2017-OZ of   September   5, 2017 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations and the Administrative-Territorial Units of "Lebyazhinsky Selsoviet", "Obraztsovo-Travinsky Selsoviet", "Poldnevsky Selsoviet", and Amending the Law of Astrakhan Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations and on Granting Them the Status of Rural, Urban Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District" and the Law of Astrakhan Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Astrakhan Oblast" . Effective as of   after ten days from the day of the official publication have passed.).
• Государственная Дума Астраханской области.   Закон   №43/2004-ОЗ   от   6 августа 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований и наделении их статусом сельского, городского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района», в ред. Закона №47/2017-ОЗ от   5 сентября 2017 г.   «О внесении изменений в Закон Астраханской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований и наделении их статусом сельского, городского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района"». Вступил в силу   через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Астраханские известия", №34, 12 августа 2004 г. (State Duma of Astrakhan Oblast.   Law   # 43/2004-OZ   of   August   6, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations and on Granting Them the Status of Rural, Urban Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District , as amended by the Law   # 47/2017-OZ of   September   5, 2017 On Amending the Law of Astrakhan Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations and on Granting Them the Status of Rural, Urban Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District" . Effective as of   the day which is 10 days after the official publication.).
• Городская Дума муниципального образования "Город Астрахань".   Решение   №24   от   31 марта 2016 г. «Устав муниципального образования "Город Астрахань"», в ред. Решения №91 от   17 июля 2017 г.   «О внесении изменений в Устав муниципального образования "Город Астрахань"». Вступил в силу   22 апреля 2016 г. (за исключением отдельных положений). Опубликован: "Астраханский вестник", №15, 21 апреля 2016 г. (City Duma of the Municipal Formation of the "City of Astrakhan".   Decision   # 24   of   March   31, 2016 Charter of the Municipal Formation of the "City of Astrakhan" , as amended by the Decision   # 91 of   July   17, 2017 On Amending the Charter of the Municipal Formation of the "City of Astrakhan" . Effective as of   April   22, 2016 (with the exception of certain clauses).).
• Государственная Дума Астраханской области.   №21/2007-ОЗ   9 апреля 2007 г. «Устав Астраханской области», в ред. Закона №49/2017-ОЗ от   25 сентября 2017 г.   «О внесении изменения в статью   17 Устава Астраханской области». Вступил в силу   30 апреля 2007 г. (за исключением отдельных положений). Опубликован: "Сборник законов и нормативных правовых актов Астраханской области", №18, 19 апреля 2007 г. (State Duma of Astrakhan Oblast.   # 21/2007-OZ   April   9, 2007 Charter of Astrakhan Oblast , as amended by the Law   # 49/2017-OZ of   September   25, 2017 On Amending Article   17 of the Charter of Astrakhan Oblast . Effective as of   April   30, 2007 (with the exception of several clauses).).
• Городской Совет города Астрахани.   Решение   №123   от   1 ноября 2000 г. «Об утверждени гимна города Астрахани». (City Council of the City of Astrakhan.   Decision   # 123   of   November   1, 2000 On Adopting the Anthem of the City of Astrakhan . ).
• Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch (1911). "Astrakhan (town)"   . Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol.   2 (11th   ed.). p.   795.
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Astrakhan Oblast, Russia

The capital city of Astrakhan oblast: Astrakhan .

Astrakhan Oblast - Overview

Astrakhan Oblast is a federal subject of Russia, part of the Southern Federal District, situated in the Caspian Lowlands where the Volga River flows into the Caspian Sea. Astrakhan is the capital city of the region.

The population of Astrakhan Oblast is about 989,400 (2022), the area - 49,024 sq. km.

Astrakhan oblast flag

Astrakhan oblast coat of arms.

Astrakhan oblast map, Russia

Astrakhan oblast latest news and posts from our blog:.

4 March, 2020 / Astrakhan - one of the oldest cities in southern Russia .

18 May, 2019 / Colorful summer sunset in the Volga River delta .

4 April, 2019 / Cities of Russia at Night - the Views from Space .

11 May, 2017 / Astrakhan Kremlin after the Restoration .

13 December, 2016 / Astrakhan - the view from above .

More posts..

History of Astrakhan Oblast

In ancient times, the territory of the Astrakhan region was crossed by trade routes of the Persians and the Arabs. In the 8th-10th centuries, the territory belonged to the Khazar Khanate. There is a hypothesis that Itil, the capital of the Khazar Khanate, was located on this territory. It was destroyed by Prince Svyatoslav in 965.

Later, Polovtsy settled on this land. In the first half of the 13th century, the Mongol-Tatars came to the area. After them, Tatars of the Astrakhan Khanate and Kazakhs became the main population of the region.

In 1556, during the reign of Ivan the Terrible, the Astrakhan Khanate was annexed to the Russian state and ceased to exist. Astrakhan krai became the southeastern military outpost of Russia. In particular, in 1569, the Turks unsuccessfully besieged the fortress of Astrakhan.

In the 17th century, trade, fishing and salt industries developed in the region. In the middle of the 17th century, the uprising of Stepan Razin took place on the territory of Astrakhan region. In 1722, near the mouth of the Kutum River, a shipyard called the Astrakhan Admiralty was built. In the 1730s-1740s, the processing of silk and cotton began here.

Astrakhan Oblast was created in 1943. The region gained its current borders in 1957.

Steppe landscapes of Astrakhan Oblast

Astrakhan Oblast scenery

Author: Dvornikov Mikhail

Steppe road in the Astrakhan region

Astrakhan Oblast - Features

Astrakhan Oblast is located in the south-east of the East European Plain within the Caspian Lowlands. It is an area of deserts and semi-deserts. Astrakhan oblast borders on the Volgograd region in the north, the Republic of Kalmykia in the west and Kazakhstan in the east.

It is located on the border between Europe and Asia, the Volga River gives access to five seas. The main cities of the region are Astrakhan (518,700), Akhtubinsk (35,500), Znamensk (25,700), Harabali (17,100).

The climate of Astrakhan Oblast is continental, dry. Winters are with little snow, frequent thaws and unstable snow cover; summers are hot. January is the coldest month, the average temperature is minus 10-20 degrees Celsius. July is the hottest month - the average temperature is plus 35-45 degrees Celsius.

According to the 2010 census, the ethnic composition of the local population is the following: Russians (67.6%), Kazakhs (16.3%) and Tatars (6.6%). Orthodox Christianity is the main religion. However, Muslims also make up a significant group of the population (more than 20%). Historically, this province was a place where Kazakhs and Tatars settled. The largest Kazakh community in Russia lives in the Astrakhan region.

Astrakhan Oblast views

Paved road in Astrakhan Oblast

Author: V.Kildushov

Camels in Astrakhan Oblast

Author: Viktor Grigoriev

The Volga-Don Shipping Canal in Astrakhan Oblast

Author: Kudanov Pavel

Astrakhan Oblast - Economy

Natural resources of the region include natural gas, oil, salt, gypsum.

The industrial complex of Astrakhan, the economic center of the region, includes shipbuilding, pulp and paper industry, fish processing industry. The leading industries are fuel industry, mechanical engineering, power engineering, food industry. Astrakhan gas condensate field, the largest in the European part of Russia, is located in the area. Astrakhan Gas Processing Plant produces gas for cars, diesel and boiler fuel.

Agricultural lands make up more than 3.4 million hectares - the cultivation of tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, courgettes, cucumbers, carrots, beets, onions, cabbage, watermelons. Rice is traditionally grown along the Volga. The leading branch of livestock is sheep breeding.

The region stretches for over 400 km in the form of a narrow stripe on both sides of the Volga-Akhtubinsk flood-lands. Flooded for a long time, the territory of the delta serves as spawning-ground for such fish as sturgeon, stellate sturgeon, white sturgeon and others.

Astrakhan oblast of Russia photos

Pictures of astrakhan oblast.

Lenin Monument in Astrakhan Oblast

Bridge in Astrakhan Oblast

Author: Anatoliy Martyshkin

Church in Astrakhan Oblast

Limanskiy Khurul - the only active Buddhist temple in Astrakhan Oblast

Limanskiy Khurul in Astrakhan Oblast

Author: Moskaluk Vitaly

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