console.log(`Hello, ${name}`);
}
greet(“John Doe”);
const age = calculateAge(new Date(“1997-01-01”));
console.log(age);
In JavaScript, a function parameter is a variable that is declared inside the function’s parentheses. When a function is called, the value of the argument passed to the function is assigned to the function parameter.
For example, the following function takes a string argument and prints it to the console:
js function greet(name) { console.log(`Hello, ${name}`); }
greet(“world”); // prints “Hello, world”
In this example, the `name` parameter is assigned the value of the `”world”` argument.
Assignment to property of function parameter
Assignment to property of function parameter is a JavaScript feature that allows you to assign a value to a property of a function parameter. This can be useful for initializing the value of a parameter or for passing a reference to an object.
For example, the following code assigns the value `”hello”` to the `name` property of the `greet` function parameter:
js function greet(name) { name.value = “hello”; }
greet({ value: “world” }); // prints “hello”
In this example, the `name` parameter is a JavaScript object. The `value` property of the `name` object is assigned the value of the `”hello”` argument.
When to use assignment to property of function parameter?
You should use assignment to property of function parameter when you need to:
Avoid creating a new object
Initializing the value of a parameter
You can use assignment to property of function parameter to initialize the value of a parameter. For example, the following code initializes the `name` property of the `greet` function parameter to the value of the `”world”` argument:
js function greet(name) { name.value = “world”; }
Passing a reference to an object
You can use assignment to property of function parameter to pass a reference to an object. For example, the following code passes a reference to the `person` object to the `greet` function:
js function greet(person) { console.log(`Hello, ${person.name}`); }
const person = { name: “John Doe” };
greet(person); // prints “Hello, John Doe”
You can use assignment to property of function parameter to avoid creating a new object. For example, the following code uses assignment to property of function parameter to avoid creating a new object for the `name` parameter:
greet(“John Doe”); // prints “Hello, John Doe”
In this example, the `name` parameter is a string literal. The `name` property of the `name` parameter is assigned the value of the `”John Doe”` string literal. This avoids creating a new object for the `name` parameter.
Assignment to property of function parameter is a JavaScript feature that can be used to initialize the value of a parameter, pass a reference to an object, and avoid creating a new object. It is a powerful feature that can be used to improve the performance and readability of your code.
Additional resources
To use assignment to property of function parameter, you can simply assign a value to the property of the function parameter. For example, the following code assigns the value `”hello”` to the `name` property of the `greet` function parameter:
In this example, the `greet` function is called with the argument `”world”`. The `name` property of the `greet` function parameter is then assigned the value `”hello”`. When the `greet` function is called, the value of the `name` property is used to print the message `”Hello, world”`.
Assignment to property of function parameter can be used to initialize the value of a parameter, pass a reference to an object, or avoid creating a new object.
You can use assignment to property of function parameter to initialize the value of a parameter. For example, the following code initializes the value of the `name` property of the `greet` function parameter to the value of the `name` variable:
js function greet(name) { name = “world”; console.log(`Hello, ${name}`); }
In this example, the `name` variable is assigned the value `”world”` before the `greet` function is called. The `name` property of the `greet` function parameter is then assigned the value of the `name` variable. When the `greet` function is called, the value of the `name` property is used to print the message `”Hello, world”`.
You can use assignment to property of function parameter to pass a reference to an object. For example, the following code passes a reference to the `user` object to the `greet` function:
js function greet(user) { console.log(`Hello, ${user.name}`); }
const user = { name: “John Doe”, };
greet(user); // prints “Hello, John Doe”
In this example, the `user` object is passed to the `greet` function as a parameter. The `greet` function then uses the `name` property of the `user` object to print the message `”Hello, John Doe”`.
Avoiding creating a new object
You can use assignment to property of function parameter to avoid creating a new object. For example, the following code uses assignment to property of function parameter to avoid creating a new object for the `user` variable:
In this example, the `user` variable is assigned the value of the `user` object. The `greet` function then uses the `name` property of the `user` variable to print the message `”Hello, John Doe”`.
By using assignment to property of function parameter, you can avoid creating a new object for the `user` variable. This can improve the performance of your code and reduce the amount of memory that is used.
There are a few pitfalls to be aware of when using assignment to property of function parameter:
js function greet(name) { name = “hello”; console.log(`Hello, ${name}`); }
greet(“world”); // prints “Hello, hello” greet(“hello”); // prints “Hello, hello”
A: Assignment to property of function parameter occurs when you assign a value to a property of a function parameter. This can be done by using the dot operator (.) to access the property, or by using the bracket operator ([]) to index into the property.
For example, the following code assigns the value “10” to the `x` property of the `foo()` function’s parameter `y`:
const foo = (y) => { y.x = 10; };
foo({ x: 5 }); // { x: 10 }
Q: Why is assignment to property of function parameter dangerous?
A: Assignment to property of function parameter can be dangerous because it can change the value of the property in the calling scope. This can lead to unexpected behavior and errors.
For example, the following code changes the value of the `x` property of the global variable `a`:
foo({ x: 5 }); // a.x is now 10
This behavior can be difficult to debug, as it may not be obvious that the change to the `x` property is being caused by the `foo()` function.
Q: How can I avoid assignment to property of function parameter?
There are a few ways to avoid assignment to property of function parameter. One way is to use the `const` keyword to declare the function parameter as a constant. This will prevent the value of the parameter from being changed.
Another way to avoid assignment to property of function parameter is to use the `readonly` keyword to declare the function parameter as read-only. This will prevent the value of the parameter from being changed, even by assignment to a property of the parameter.
Finally, you can also use the `Object.freeze()` method to freeze the object that is passed as the function parameter. This will prevent any changes to the object, including changes to the values of its properties.
Q: What are the best practices for assignment to property of function parameter?
The best practices for assignment to property of function parameter are as follows:
Here are some key takeaways from this article:
By following these tips, you can write more secure and reliable JavaScript code.
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Disallows reassignment of function parameters.
Assignment to variables declared as function parameters can be misleading and lead to confusing behavior, as modifying function parameters will also mutate the arguments object. Often, assignment to function parameters is unintended and indicative of a mistake or programmer error.
This rule can be also configured to fail when function parameters are modified. Side effects on parameters can cause counter-intuitive execution flow and make errors difficult to track down.
This rule aims to prevent unintended behavior caused by modification or reassignment of function parameters.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
Examples of correct code for this rule:
This rule takes one option, an object, with a boolean property "props" , and arrays "ignorePropertyModificationsFor" and "ignorePropertyModificationsForRegex" . "props" is false by default. If "props" is set to true , this rule warns against the modification of parameter properties unless they're included in "ignorePropertyModificationsFor" or "ignorePropertyModificationsForRegex" , which is an empty array by default.
Examples of correct code for the default { "props": false } option:
Examples of incorrect code for the { "props": true } option:
Examples of correct code for the { "props": true } option with "ignorePropertyModificationsFor" set:
Examples of correct code for the { "props": true } option with "ignorePropertyModificationsForRegex" set:
If you want to allow assignment to function parameters, then you can safely disable this rule.
This rule was introduced in ESLint 0.18.0.
Assignment to variables declared as function parameters can be misleading and lead to confusing behavior, as modifying function parameters will also mutate the arguments object. Often, assignment to function parameters is unintended and indicative of a mistake or programmer error.
This rule can be also configured to fail when function parameters are modified. Side effects on parameters can cause counter-intuitive execution flow and make errors difficult to track down.
This rule aims to prevent unintended behavior caused by modification or reassignment of function parameters.
Examples of incorrect code for this rule:
Examples of correct code for this rule:
This rule takes one option, an object, with a boolean property "props" , and arrays "ignorePropertyModificationsFor" and "ignorePropertyModificationsForRegex" . "props" is false by default. If "props" is set to true , this rule warns against the modification of parameter properties unless they're included in "ignorePropertyModificationsFor" or "ignorePropertyModificationsForRegex" , which is an empty array by default.
Examples of correct code for the default { "props": false } option:
Examples of incorrect code for the { "props": true } option:
Examples of correct code for the { "props": true } option with "ignorePropertyModificationsFor" set:
Examples of correct code for the { "props": true } option with "ignorePropertyModificationsForRegex" set:
If you want to allow assignment to function parameters, then you can safely disable this rule.
This rule was introduced in ESLint 0.18.0.
© OpenJS Foundation and other contributors Licensed under the MIT License. https://eslint.org/docs/rules/no-param-reassign
Editor’s note : This article was last updated by Yan Sun on 6 February 2024. It now includes sections about declaring function types in TypeScript, using JavaScript’s passy-by-reference concept for functions, and understanding advanced patterns such as generics and function overloads.
In JavaScript, functions are considered first-class citizens, which means they can be handled like any other type of variable, including numbers, strings, and arrays. This feature allows functions to be passed into other functions, returned from functions, and assigned to variables for later use.
This feature is heavily used in asynchronous code, where functions are often passed into asynchronous functions, often referred to as callbacks . But this can be tricky to use with TypeScript.
TypeScript offers us the fantastic benefits of adding static types and transpilation checks, and it can help us better document what types of variables we expect in our functions. But what happens if we need to pass functions?
It is evident that typing these functions is necessary. However, the question arises: how do we type them, and how do we pass a function in TypeScript? In this tutorial, we will explore TypeScript functions and how to pass them as parameters in our apps.
Most TypeScript developers are familiar with typing simple variables, but constructing a type for a function is a little more complicated.
A function type (note: this link redirects to old TypeScript docs, but it has a much clearer example than the newer ones) is made up of the types of arguments the function accepts and the return type of the function.
We can illustrate a very simple example to demonstrate this:
If implemented in JavaScript, the above example would work fine and have no issues.
But when we utilize TypeScript, errors are thrown when we try to transpile our code:
The error message thrown here is descriptive: the stringify and numberify function are not interchangeable. They cannot be assigned interchangeably to the test variable, as they have conflicting types. The arguments they receive are the same (one argument of type any ), but we receive errors because their return types are different.
We could change the return types here to prove our theory is correct:
The above code now works as expected. The only difference is that we changed the stringify function to match the return type of the numberify function. Indeed, the return type was breaking this example.
In TypeScript, we can declare a function type with the type keyword. The type keyword in TypeScript allows us to specify the shape of data:
Here, we define a type alias named AddOperator using the type keyword. It represents a function type that takes two parameters ( a and b ) of type number and returns a value of type number .
Another way to declare a function type is to use interface syntax. The below Add interface represents the same function type as the above AddOperator function type:
Explicitly defining function structures provides a clear understanding of expected inputs and outputs. This enhances code readability, serves as documentation, and simplifies code maintenance.
Another main advantage of declaring function types is the ability to catch errors at compile time. TypeScript’s static typing ensures that functions adhere to the specified types, preventing runtime errors caused by mismatched parameter types or invalid return types.
In the example below, the TypeScript compiler will throw an error, indicating the mismatch between the expected and actual return types:
Declaring function types allows Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) to offer precise autocompletion.
IntelliSense, a powerful feature offered by modern IDEs, provides us with context-aware suggestions. Function types provide explicit information about parameter types, making it easier to understand the expected inputs. As we start typing function names or parameters, IntelliSense utilizes the declared types to suggest valid options, minimizing errors and saving time.
In JavaScript/TypeScript, understanding the concepts of pass-by-value and pass-by-reference is crucial for working with functions and manipulating data. Primitive types (such as Boolean, null, undefined, String, and Number) are treated as pass-by-value , while objects (including arrays and functions) are handled as pass-by-reference .
When an argument is passed to the function, pass-by-value means a copy of the variable is created, and any modifications made within the function do not affect the original variable. In the example below, we change the value of the variable a inside the function, but the value of the variable a outside isn’t changed as a is passed into the function with pass-by-value :
When an object or array argument is passed to a function, it is treated as pass-by-reference . The argument is copied as a reference, not the object itself. Thus, changes to the argument’s properties inside the function are reflected in the original object. In the example below, we can observe that the change of the array orignalArray inside the function affects the orignalArray outside the function:
Contrary to some misconceptions, even though the reference to the object is copied for pass-by-reference , the reference itself is still passed by value. If the object reference is reassigned inside the function, it won’t affect the original object outside the function.
The below example illustrates reassigning an array reference of originalArray inside the function, and its original object isn’t affected:
Generics in TypeScript provide a way to write functions that can work with any data type. The following example is sourced from the official TypeScript documentation :
Here, the identity function can accept and return values of any type. This flexibility allows us to write functions that adapt to various data types.
We can create highly reusable and adaptable functions that work with various data types using generics.
Let’s say we want to create a utility function for searching elements in an array based on a specific criterion. Using generics allows the function to work with arrays of various types and accommodate different search criteria:
Here, we create a generic function named findElements that takes an array arr and a filterFn function as parameters. The filterFn parameter is a callback function that determines whether an element satisfies a particular criterion, returning a Boolean.
Below are a couple of examples in which we use the function from above to deal with number types, object types, and different search criteria. We use the function to filter odd numbers from an array and inexpensive products from an array of products, demonstrating its flexibility with different data types:
The use of generics makes the function highly reusable and adaptable, making it applicable to arrays of primitive types or custom objects without sacrificing type safety.
Function overloads allow us to provide multiple type signatures for a single function. This is particularly useful when a function can accept different combinations of argument types.
To use function overload, we must define multiple overload signatures and an implementation. The overload signature outlines the parameter and return types of a function without including an actual implementation body:
In the above example, we create a function that demonstrates function overloads accepting parameters, either a string or an array of strings. This function, named greeting , has two overloads to handle these scenarios. The implementation checks whether the input parameter is a string or an array of strings and performs the appropriate action for each case.
We can leverage generics to create versatile functions that work with various data types. Additionally, function overload is valuable in enhancing parameter flexibility, allowing functions to accept different types while providing clear expectations for each case.
Interestingly, many other languages will create these function types based on the types of argument, return types, and the number of arguments for the function.
Let’s make one final example to expand on our last working example:
Developers familiar with other languages might think the above function examples aren’t interchangeable, as the two function signatures differ.
This example throws no errors, though, and it’s legitimate in TypeScript because TypeScript implements what’s referred to as duck typing .
In duck typing, TypeScript checks if the structure of the assigned function is compatible with the expected type based on the function’s parameters and return type. In this case, both stringify and numberify share the same structure: a function that takes one or more parameters (of any type) and returns a number. Despite the difference in the number of parameters between the two functions, TypeScript allows this assignment due to duck typing.
It’s a small note, but it’s important to remember: the number of arguments isn’t utilized in type definitions for functions in TypeScript.
Now, we know precisely how to construct types for our functions. We need to ensure we type the functions that we pass in TypeScript.
Let’s work through a failing example together again:
The above example doesn’t work, but it captures what we need.
We need to pass it to a parent function as a callback, which can be called later. So, what do we need to change here? We need to:
Upon doing this, our example should now look like this:
This specific example doesn’t require arguments, but if it did, here is what it would look like:
This example is relatively simple to explain the concepts of TypeScript functions easily, but if we have more complicated types, we may spend a significant amount of time typing everything.
The community maintains plenty of high-quality open source typings commonly used in TypeScript, called Definitely Typed , which can help us simplify and speed up the typing we need to use.
I hope this article has been helpful so you better understand the TypeScript landscape around passing functions as arguments to other functions.
Callbacks typically rely on this method, so you’ll often see heavy use of callbacks in any mature TypeScript codebase. Happy coding!
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Js versions, js functions, js html dom, js browser bom, js web apis, js vs jquery, js graphics, js examples, js references, javascript function parameters.
A JavaScript function does not perform any checking on parameter values (arguments).
Earlier in this tutorial, you learned that functions can have parameters :
Function parameters are the names listed in the function definition.
Function arguments are the real values passed to (and received by) the function.
JavaScript function definitions do not specify data types for parameters.
JavaScript functions do not perform type checking on the passed arguments.
JavaScript functions do not check the number of arguments received.
If a function is called with missing arguments (less than declared), the missing values are set to undefined .
Sometimes this is acceptable, but sometimes it is better to assign a default value to the parameter:
ES6 allows function parameters to have default values.
If y is not passed or undefined, then y = 10.
The rest parameter (...) allows a function to treat an indefinite number of arguments as an array:
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JavaScript functions have a built-in object called the arguments object.
The argument object contains an array of the arguments used when the function was called (invoked).
This way you can simply use a function to find (for instance) the highest value in a list of numbers:
Or create a function to sum all input values:
If a function is called with too many arguments (more than declared), these arguments can be reached using the arguments object .
The parameters, in a function call, are the function's arguments.
JavaScript arguments are passed by value : The function only gets to know the values, not the argument's locations.
If a function changes an argument's value, it does not change the parameter's original value.
Changes to arguments are not visible (reflected) outside the function.
In JavaScript, object references are values.
Because of this, objects will behave like they are passed by reference:
If a function changes an object property, it changes the original value.
Changes to object properties are visible (reflected) outside the function.
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I started learning javascript a week ago. Started using eslint yesterday and it's very useful. I have been trying this part of the code for sometime now and eslint keeps throwing Assignment to property of function parameter 'element'. Here is the code;
Before this I was doing something like this;
I know eslint isn't showing error for nothing so I would like to know what's reason and how it should be done.
And I have another eventListner with same pattern but that changes the opacity to 0 and pointerEvents to 'none'. So is there a way to do that using ternary operator or should I just stick to if else for that?Thanks and lemme know if there anything else I can improve.
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req, res, next) => { req.user = Guest; return next(); }; Often used, can not be avoided. |
The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: |
Since express does require this, you currently can only disable the rule entirely, on a per-file basis, or on a per-line/per-function basis. eslint has an option proposed to cover this: Once that's enabled, we'll likely enable it by default to cover , , and . |
Sorry, something went wrong.
Thank you sir. |
(the question's answered, but reopening to track the eslint rule change) |
You are not reassigning the parameter, you are just creating a property on the object. Because of this, you can allow it today with . |
Yes, but is something that should be strictly enforced everywhere, where a framework requires it, like express. The rule change would be for , but with exceptions for , etc. |
Just a quick update, this has been merged and will be released in the next version of ESLint (which I believe is tomorrow): |
Another example is in Koa routing: .get('/', (ctx) => { ctx.status = 200; }); |
The next release of eslint-config-airbnb-base, and likely eslint-config-airbnb, will include this loosening of no-param-reassign. |
as " " is ok. as " " means enforces immutability paradigm. It makes a profound design choice for us. |
Airbnb's config makes many profound design choices for you; that's the point. If you don't agree with them, you can easily override rules and/or fork the guide. |
Guys does anybody knows how to set up eslit for showing error if I modify value from param array ? |
that’s pushing the limits of static analysis; you may want to try eslint-plugin-immutable, but it’s not very reliable due to the way the language works. |
Or try TypeScript and something like . |
Thanks for reply. I think I will try eslint-plugin-immutable for the first. |
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I am trying to get rid off the no-param-reassign error from the following code.
Tried with adding the followings:
Nothing has worked. Also tried creating a new variable and assign to it. Still didn't work. I can't commit code due to that error.
I need to update this ( properties.color ) array element with function parameter value.
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10. This is a common ESLint issue that appears frequently on old codebase. You have modified the result variable which was passed as parameter. This behavior is prohibited by the rule. To resolve it, copy the argument to a temporary variable and work on it instead: export const fn = article => article.categoryValueDtoSet.reduce((res, item) => {.
function createEmployee(emp) { // ⛔️ Assignment to property of function parameter 'emp'. eslint no-param-reassign. emp.name = 'bobby hadz'; emp.salary = 500; return emp; } The ESLint rule forbids assignment to function parameters because modifying a function's parameters also mutates the arguments object and can lead to confusing behavior.
You can use assignment to property of function parameter to initialize the value of a parameter. For example, the following code initializes the `name` property of the `greet` function parameter to the value of the `"world"` argument: js. function greet (name) {. name.value = "world"; }
If you want to allow assignment to function parameters, then you can safely disable this rule. Strict mode code doesn't sync indices of the arguments object with each parameter binding. Therefore, this rule is not necessary to protect against arguments object mutation in ESM modules or other strict mode functions. Version
And pull out the parameters we want into its own variable: If we aren't sure a variable exists, we can easily provide a default value: If we want to rename one of the variables, we can do so ...
This rule can be also configured to fail when function parameters are modified. Side effects on parameters can cause counter-intuitive execution flow and make errors difficult to track down. Rule Details. This rule aims to prevent unintended behavior caused by modification or reassignment of function parameters. Examples of incorrect code for ...
The numbered properties of the Arguments Object are synonymous with the local variables that hold the named function parameters. They both reference the same address in the stack. If the function body has code that changes the value of a parameter either via a name reference or the arguments[] array reference, both referenced values will ...
Objects passed into function parameters can also be unpacked into variables, which may then be accessed within the function body. As for object assignment, the destructuring syntax allows for the new variable to have the same name or a different name than the original property, and to assign default values for the case when the original object ...
Rule Details. This rule aims to prevent unintended behavior caused by modification or reassignment of function parameters. Examples of incorrect code for this rule: /*eslint no-param-reassign: "error"*/ function foo (bar) {. bar = 13; } function foo (bar) {. bar++;
type AddOperator = (a: number, b: number) => number; Here, we define a type alias named AddOperator using the type keyword. It represents a function type that takes two parameters (a and b) of type number and returns a value of type number. Another way to declare a function type is to use interface syntax.
The arguments object is a local variable available within all non-arrow functions. You can refer to a function's arguments inside that function by using its arguments object. It has entries for each argument the function was called with, with the first entry's index at 0.. For example, if a function is passed 3 arguments, you can access them as follows:
Function Parameters and Arguments. Earlier in this tutorial, you learned that functions can have parameters: function functionName(parameter1, parameter2, parameter3) {. // code to be executed. } Function parameters are the names listed in the function definition. Function arguments are the real values passed to (and received by) the function.
Remove the word "function" and place arrow between the argument and opening body brace (a) => { return a + 100; }; // 2. Remove the body braces and word "return" — the return is implied. (a) => a + 100; // 3. Remove the parameter parentheses a => a + 100; In the example above, both the parentheses around the parameter and the braces around ...
I started learning javascript a week ago. Started using eslint yesterday and it's very useful. I have been trying this part of the code for sometime now and eslint keeps throwing Assignment to property of function parameter 'element'. Here is the code;
Hello I have a problem in my estlint: Assignment to property of function parameter 'state'. eslintno-param-reassign on this code: state.sideisOpen = action.payload; interface SideBar { sideisOpen: ...
We read every piece of feedback, and take your input very seriously. Include my email address so I can be contacted. Cancel Submit feedback ... Why assignment to property of function parameter is bad style. #1217. Closed zhaoxiongfei opened this issue Dec 21, 2016 · 14 comments · Fixed by #1325.
i have that lint error: Assignment to property of function parameter 'item' What is the correct way to remove this error? const resp = await getData(payload) resp.forEach((item) => { item[...
The input to an assignment operator must be an object that is able to accept assignments, such as a variable or a property. ... If you want to be able to call the script with an optional parameter that has a default value if no value is input when called use: [parameter(Mandatory ... I had created a function to break out some of the script that ...
Assignment to property of function parameter (no-param-reassign) 2 ReactJS es-lint: Return statement should not contain assignment. 2 "Parsing error: Argument expression expected. eslint" with Typescript map function in React. 0 Fixing no-param-reassign Eslint issue in function ...