essay on capital of jharkhand

Capital of Jharkhand - A Brief Overview

Ranchi is the capital of Jharkhand. Dumka is the sub-capital of Jharkhand. Ranchi was chosen as one of the cities to be developed as a smart city under the Government of India’s flagship program “Smart Cities Mission”. This article will explain some of the interesting facets of Jharkhand and its capital city Ranchi.

Ranchi – City of Waterfalls

• The famous nickname of Ranchi is “City of Waterfalls”.
• The centre of the Jharkhand movement was Ranchi. This movement called for a separate state for the tribal regions of northern Odisha, south Bihar, the eastern area of present-day Chhattisgarh, and western West Bengal.
• Ranchi was the summer capital of Bihar, during the times of the British.
• Hinduism is the major religion of Ranchi, followed by Islam.
• The languages spoken in Ranchi are Hindi, Nagpuri, Mundari, Urdu, Bengali, Kurukh, and Maithili.
• In Eastern India, Ranchi is a major industrial city. There are many large private and government organisations near Ranchi.
• Ranchi is one of the highest employment generating cities in India.
• Ranchi is a hub of different sports such as cricket, hockey, football, etc.
• The very popular Indian cricket player, M.S.Dhoni, is from Ranchi.

Jharkhand – A Brief Overview

• The Jharkhand state was formed on 15 November 2000.
• Jharkhand was created by carving out the Bihar divisions of Chota Nagpur and Santhal Parganas.
• Jharkhand means “land of forests.”
• Jharkhand shares its borders with Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Odisha to its south, Chhattisgarh to the east, and Bihar to the north.
• Hindi is the official language of Jharkhand.
• Jharkhand is known for holy places, hills and waterfalls.

Jharkhand – Economy

• More than 40% of India’s mineral resources are in the state of Jharkhand.
• Although the state of Jharkhand is blessed with the highest mineral resources, a large population of the state of Jharkhand is below the poverty line.
• The major cities of Jharkhand are Jamshedpur, Ranchi, Bokaro, Dhanbad, etc.
• Among the Indian states, Jharkhand has the 4th largest reserves of iron ore, the largest reserves of mica, the largest reserves of asbestos, the 2nd largest reserves of chromite, the 3rd largest reserves of bauxite, and the 3rd largest reserves of thorium.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

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Essay on Ranchi | Ranchi Essay for Students and Children in English

February 13, 2024 by Prasanna

Essay on Ranchi:  Ranchi is widely known as the capital of Jharkhand. It is considered to be one of the most beautiful cities in the eastern part of the country. This city has typically delightful weather. Ranchi has several numbers of well-known colleges and universities including IIM, NIFFT, BIT, and so on.

This city is also the home for several tremendous and famous personalities such as M.S Dhoni. It has an incredible transportation system. It is an important hub for cotton, tea, and agricultural trade. Few of the leading industries of the city are the silk production and shellac manufacturing and heavy machine tools.

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Long and Short Essays on Ranchi for Students and Kids in English

We are providing students with essay samples on a long essay of 500 words and a short essay of 150 words on the topic Ranchi for reference.

Long Essay on Ranchi 500 Words in English

Long Essay on Ranchi is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

Ranchi is located on the Deccan Plateau and is a beautiful and charming city. It provides a refreshing sight of tiny rock formations, hills, and several waterfalls from which the town derived its name.

This urban area is considered to be a rapidly developing industrial centre. Ranchi is known to display a combination of many different religions, communities and cultures that are visible through their festivals and cuisine.  Ranchi is popularly recognized since it has been the inspiration for numerous masterpieces of Rabindranath Tagore. The proof of this is still conserved within the Tagore Hills.

This city used to be popularly called the “forest land”. It houses many different tribes, although it mostly includes the Mundas and Santhals. It led to the formation of several types of beautiful art, cuisine, and music in this place. The most popular tourist attraction in this region is the tribal wood and bamboo works along with the Pitkar paintings. These are known to appeal to a large number of visitors.

The Ranchi district is situated in the Chota Nagpur Plateau, which was originally the home of the races like Oraon and Munda. Any outside forces did not confine this area until the city was taken over in the year 1585 by King Akbar. This area was constantly used over the years for its resources under the reign of the Mughal Empire. This particular region is said to have been of high importance during the fight for freedom. It was also the place where several movements for freedom took place.

After attaining freedom, Ranchi was considered as a part of the Bihar state. However, after the formation of Jharkhand in the year 2000, Ranchi was included in it and was also announced as its capital. Ranchi is popular for comprising of many kinds of culture which is a mixture of several tribes and their culture or traditional methods. The ancient tribals, Mughals, Hindu kings, and the Buddhists have greatly influenced the culture of the city.

The nature of the area has resulted in the people performing agricultural work in the mines. Ranchi has two types of staple foods such as wheat and rice. This city is also highly popular for its elegant arts, classical music, and dance forms including Santhal, and Chhau.

This city is also known for its splendid celebration of several festivals like the Chatth Puja, Basant Panchmi, Diwali, Holi, and so on. Moreover, the exquisite wood carvings, along with its sophisticated handiwork, has also added on to the elegance of the entire city. Wood and bamboo are taken from the forest and used by the labourers to create rice huskers, mats, wicker baskets, coasters, and so on. The other important speciality of this region includes the paintings and pottery.

The most famous kind of paint available in this city is the Paitkar or Scroll paintings. The Tribals create these. Another popular form of painting is the Sohrai Art which is created during the harvest or festival period by the women. Moreover, Ranchi is also well-recognized for providing a variety of cuisines and delicious food. It includes Kanda, DubhniRoti, Pua, Chokha, Handia, Litti and more.

Short Essay on Ranchi 150 Words in English

Short Essay on Ranchi is usually given to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

Ranchi is present under the state of Jharkhand and is the capital of the state. This city is situated at an altitude of 700 metres. In the earlier years, Ranchi used to be referred to as the summer capital of Bihar. The reason behind it was its altitude, waterfalls, surrounding elegant Subernekha river and dense forest.

The natural beauty of the city Ranchi has attracted numerous visitors throughout the entire globe. The climate of Ranchi is considered to be ideal and pleasant throughout the day.

You can now access more Essay Writing on this topic and many more.

There are many well-known places present in this city. It includes places like Kanke Dam, Ranchi Hill, Hudru Falls, Tagore hill, Tribal Research Institute and Museum, Hatia Museum, etc.

There is a variety of wildlife and trees present in this city. Few of the rare category of trees available in this city include the Sal, Simul, and Maugham. Ranchi is also well-known for providing several types of delicious food. It includes Aloo Chokha, Pua, Litti, and much more.

10 Lines on Ranchi Essay in English

1. This city is referred to as the “land of waterfalls”. 2. The name Ranchi is formed from the word “archi”. 3. Ranchi holds the forty-sixth place in terms of the biggest towns in the country. 4. The Jagannath Temple situated in Ranchi was established back in the year 1691. 5. The Birsa Zoological Park in Ranchi is the home to a variety of wild animals and vegetation. 6. Ranchi used to be known as the summer capital of Bihar. 7. This city is highly renowned for its magnificent metal and handicraft works. 8. Ranchi is included in the list of the cities that will be developed into a smart town. 9. Ranchi is one of the cities that houses the British ship or SS Ranchi in the country. 10. The biggest engineering complex present in India is the Heavy Engineering Corporation or HEC.

FAQ’s on Ranchi Essay

Question 1. Which month is ideal for visiting Ranchi?

Answer:  The months between September to March is ideal for travelling to Ranchi.

Question 2.  What are the types of languages used in Ranchi?

Answer:  The languages like Urdu, English, Maithili, Hindi, Sadri, Mundari, Oraon, etc. are used in Ranchi.

Question 3.  Which places in Ranchi are popular?

Answer:  The places that are famous in this city are Tagore hill, Kanke dam, Pahari Mandir, etc.

Question 4. Which foods are famous in Ranchi?

Answer:  PuchkaMalpua, Dhuska, LittiChokha, Kanda, DubhniRoti, Pua etc are famous in Ranchi.

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Essay on Jharkhand – 100, 500, 1000 Words, 10 Lines

Essay on Jharkhand: The essay on Jharkhand provides a comprehensive exploration of the state’s historical significance, cultural diversity, economic landscape, and contemporary challenges. From its tribal heritage to its industrial growth, the article delves into the unique identity of Jharkhand, showcasing its natural beauty, vibrant traditions, and the complex interplay between tradition and modernity.

The essay unfolds the state’s journey, emphasizing its contributions to India’s resource sector and the ongoing efforts to address socio-economic issues. Readers will gain insights into the multifaceted character of Jharkhand , a state at the crossroads of tradition and progress.

Table of Contents

Essay on Jharkhand in 10 Lines in English

The essay on Jharkhand encapsulates the state’s rich tribal heritage, economic significance, and contemporary challenges, highlighting its unique blend of tradition and development in India.

• Jharkhand, in eastern India, is culturally diverse, with a substantial tribal population.
• Abundant in natural resources, the state plays a pivotal role in India’s mineral industry.
• Its landscapes boast lush forests, picturesque hills, and a rich biodiversity.
• Rapid industrialization, especially in mining and steel, has reshaped its economic profile.
• Jharkhand’s festivals showcase the vibrant cultural tapestry of its people.
• Despite progress, challenges like poverty and displacement persist, necessitating sustainable development.
• The state’s traditional art forms and handicrafts reflect the creativity of indigenous communities.
• With a unique identity, Jharkhand balances ancient traditions and modern aspirations.
• It faces the delicate task of preserving heritage while embracing socio-economic progress.
• Navigating contemporary challenges, Jharkhand remains a significant contributor to India’s development.

Jharkhand Short Essay – 100 Words

The short essay on Jharkhand explores its rich tribal culture, economic significance in minerals, and the delicate balance between tradition and modernization in eastern India.

Jharkhand, nestled in eastern India, is a cultural kaleidoscope with a prominent tribal presence. Renowned for its mineral wealth, the state is a key player in India’s mining and steel industry.

Its picturesque landscapes feature lush forests and hills. Rapid industrialization marks its economic evolution. Jharkhand’s festivals vividly display the cultural diversity of its people. However, challenges like poverty persist, demanding sustainable development.

The state’s traditional art and handicrafts mirror the creativity of indigenous communities. Jharkhand, balancing ancient traditions with modern aspirations, grapples with the dual task of preserving heritage while fostering socio-economic progress.

Essay on Jharkhand in English in 500 Words

The 500-word essay on Jharkhand offers a detailed exploration of the state’s cultural diversity, economic significance in the mineral industry, scenic landscapes, and the ongoing challenges and initiatives for sustainable development.

Jharkhand, situated in eastern India, unfolds a narrative that blends cultural richness with economic significance. Home to diverse tribal communities, the state boasts a unique cultural tapestry. The vibrant festivals and traditional art forms showcase the creativity and heritage of its indigenous population.

Jharkhand’s landscapes, adorned with lush forests and picturesque hills, contribute to its natural beauty. However, the state’s true economic prowess lies in its mineral wealth, making it a key player in India’s mining and steel industry. This economic transformation has altered the socio-economic landscape, bringing both opportunities and challenges.

Rapid industrialization has been a defining feature of Jharkhand’s recent history. The state’s mineral-rich soil has attracted significant investment in sectors like mining and steel production, propelling it into the forefront of India’s industrial hubs. While this development has spurred economic growth, it has also brought forth challenges such as environmental concerns, displacement of tribal communities, and the need for sustainable resource management.

Jharkhand’s festivals, deeply rooted in its cultural heritage, offer a glimpse into the diversity of its people. The celebratory spirit of festivals like Sarhul and Karma reflects the harmonious coexistence of tradition and modernity. Traditional art forms, including folk dances and crafts, add to the cultural vibrancy, emphasizing the rich legacy that the state strives to preserve amidst the winds of change.

Despite its economic strides, Jharkhand grapples with persistent challenges. Poverty, particularly in rural areas, remains a concern, demanding targeted developmental efforts. The state is also confronted with issues of social inequality and displacement due to industrial projects. Addressing these challenges requires a delicate balance between economic progress and social welfare, ensuring that the benefits of development reach all sections of society.

Jharkhand’s tribal communities, with their distinct languages and customs, contribute significantly to the state’s identity. Their way of life, deeply intertwined with nature, reflects the symbiotic relationship between the people and their environment. Efforts to preserve and promote indigenous cultures are crucial for maintaining the unique character of Jharkhand and fostering a sense of belonging among its diverse population.

The state’s economic and cultural evolution is complemented by its breathtaking landscapes. Jharkhand’s national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, such as Betla National Park, are havens of biodiversity. Conservation initiatives play a vital role in preserving the rich flora and fauna, contributing to the ecological balance of the region.

In conclusion, Jharkhand stands at the crossroads of tradition and progress, navigating the complexities of modernization while safeguarding its cultural heritage. The state’s journey is a testament to the resilience of its people, who embrace change without losing sight of their roots.

As Jharkhand continues to forge ahead on the path of development, the challenge lies in fostering inclusive growth that benefits every section of society and preserves the essence of this unique and culturally diverse state.

Essay on Jharkhand in 1000 Words

The 1000-word essay on Jharkhand provides an in-depth exploration of the state’s cultural diversity, economic significance, environmental challenges, and efforts towards sustainable development in eastern India.

Jharkhand: A Tapestry of Culture, Economy, and Sustainability

Introduction

Jharkhand, nestled in the eastern part of India, unfolds a captivating narrative that weaves together cultural diversity, economic dynamism, and the imperative of sustainable development. This essay embarks on a comprehensive exploration, delving into the state’s unique identity, its journey from tribal heritage to economic prominence, and the challenges it faces on the path to sustainable progress.

Cultural Kaleidoscope

Jharkhand’s cultural richness is a testament to the diversity of its people, particularly its vibrant tribal communities.

• Tribal Heritage: The state is home to numerous indigenous tribes, each with its own language, customs, and traditions. This section explores the unique cultural heritage of Jharkhand’s tribal communities, emphasizing their integral role in shaping the state’s identity.
• Festivals and Celebrations: Jharkhand’s festivals, like Sarhul and Karma, are steeped in tradition and showcase the celebratory spirit of its people. This subsection delves into the cultural significance of these festivals, offering insights into the rich tapestry of Jharkhand’s celebratory traditions.
• Traditional Arts and Crafts: The state’s traditional art forms, folk dances, and crafts contribute to its cultural vibrancy. This part of the essay explores the creativity and craftsmanship of Jharkhand’s indigenous population, underscoring the importance of preserving these traditional expressions.

Economic Significance

Jharkhand’s economic landscape has undergone significant transformations, primarily driven by its mineral wealth and industrial development.

• Mineral Hub of India: The state is a powerhouse in India’s mining sector, with abundant reserves of minerals like coal, iron ore, and bauxite. This subsection analyzes the economic impact of Jharkhand’s mineral wealth, tracing its journey to become a key player in the country’s resource extraction.
• Industrialization and Steel Production: Rapid industrialization, especially in sectors like steel production, has propelled Jharkhand into the forefront of India’s industrial hubs. This part of the essay explores the economic implications of industrial growth, highlighting the opportunities and challenges it presents.
• Socio-Economic Challenges: Despite economic strides, Jharkhand faces persistent challenges, including poverty, social inequality, and displacement. This subsection examines these challenges, emphasizing the need for inclusive development to address socio-economic disparities.

Scenic Landscapes and Biodiversity

Jharkhand’s natural beauty is characterized by lush forests, picturesque hills, and a rich biodiversity.

• Natural Landscapes: The state’s landscapes, including the dense forests of Betla National Park, contribute to its scenic beauty. This section explores the natural treasures of Jharkhand, emphasizing the importance of conservation and sustainable practices.
• Conservation Initiatives: Conservation efforts play a crucial role in preserving Jharkhand’s biodiversity. This part of the essay examines initiatives aimed at protecting the state’s flora and fauna, contributing to the ecological balance of the region.

Sustainable Development Imperative

As Jharkhand treads the path of progress, sustainability emerges as a critical consideration for its future growth.

• Environmental Challenges: Rapid industrialization poses environmental challenges, including deforestation and pollution. This subsection addresses the environmental concerns associated with economic development and explores strategies for mitigating its impact.
• Sustainable Development Initiatives: Efforts towards sustainable development are gaining prominence in Jharkhand. This part of the essay explores initiatives aimed at balancing economic growth with environmental conservation, ensuring that development is sustainable in the long run.

Future Trajectory

In charting its future trajectory, Jharkhand faces the dual challenge of preserving cultural heritage and fostering socio-economic progress.

• Inclusive Growth: The state’s journey forward hinges on inclusive growth that benefits all sections of society. This subsection explores strategies for ensuring that the benefits of development reach marginalized communities, fostering social equity.
• Cultural Preservation: Preserving and promoting indigenous cultures is integral to Jharkhand’s future. This part of the essay emphasizes the importance of cultural preservation in maintaining the unique identity of the state.

In conclusion, Jharkhand emerges as a state at the crossroads of tradition and progress, navigating the complexities of economic growth while safeguarding its cultural and environmental heritage. The essay underscores the need for a holistic approach that integrates cultural preservation, economic development, and sustainability, ensuring that Jharkhand’s journey forward is one of balanced and inclusive progress.

this essay provides a comprehensive overview of Jharkhand, encapsulating its rich cultural heritage, diverse geography, and socio-economic dynamics. From its tribal roots to its industrial progress, the state emerges as a fascinating blend of tradition and modernity.

Jharkhand’s natural beauty and resource wealth underscore its potential for growth. As we delve into its past and present, it becomes evident that Jharkhand’s journey is a testament to resilience and transformation, shaping a narrative of promise and opportunity for the future.

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• General Knowledge /

What is the Capital City of Jharkhand?

• Updated on  
• Jun 13, 2024

The Capital City of Jharkhand is Ranchi and has a dual identity. Once the summer capital of Bihar, it is now a centre of education out of which the best are BIT Mesra and IIM Ranchi; healthcare like RIMS; and industries like HEC, CCL, and SAIL . Furthermore, you can call Rachi, the “City of Waterfalls.” Ranchi has an abundance of natural beauty with waterfalls, hills, and forests just outside the city. This thus makes it a popular tourist destination and educational hub for students from Jharkhand, Bihar, and even West Bengal. Read on to learn more about the Capital City of Jharkhand, Ranchi. 

Also Read: 19 Important Facts About Jharkhand

Table of Contents

• 1 Overview about Ranchi
• 2 Brief History of Ranchi
• 3 Demography of Ranchi
• 4 Geography of Ranchi
• 5 Economy of Ranchi
• 6 Culture of Ranchi
• 7 Facts about Ranchi

Overview about Ranchi

Jharkhand has diverse landscapes, rich culture, and mineral resources. Additionally, Ranchi is also a capital hub for industry, sports, and history. 

• Ranchi is organized into two administrative areas: Ranchi and Bundu subdivisions. 
• These subdivisions are further divided into 18 blocks, which are then grouped into 305 Panchayats (which are local governing bodies) at the village level. 
• Ranchi subdivision has 14 blocks, while Bundu subdivision has 4.

Also Read: What Is The Capital City of Maharashtra?

Brief History of Ranchi

The Capital City of Jharkhand, Ranchi’s past goes back to British colonial rule when Ranchi belonged to Bihar. The British saw this Capital city of Jharkhand as a hill station due to its cool climate and beauty. 

• Moreover, from freedom fighters to tribal rebellions, Ranchi has seen its share of historical moments. 
• Ranchi also had an important part in India’s fight for independence and became a centre for social change and activism.

Also Read: What is the Capital City of Bihar?

Demography of Ranchi

Having mentioned, the brief history of Ranchi, let us dig deeper into other demographics of Ranchi. All the data mentioned below is as per the census report of 2011. 

Population (as of 2011):

• Municipal Corporation: 1,073,427
• Urban Agglomeration: 1,456,528 (32nd most populous in India)
• Gender Distribution : Male – 52.1%, Female – 47.9%
• Literacy Rate : 87.68%

Reason for Population Surge:  

Became the capital of the new state Jharkhand in 2000, hence leading to:

• Increased job opportunities
• Establishment of regional/state offices, banks, and FMCG companies
• An influx of migrant workers seeking employment

Employment Status : 

One of the highest employment-generating Tier-III cities in India (study by ASSOCHAM, late 2010).

Also Read: What is the Capital City of Punjab?

Geography of Ranchi

Ranchi, majorly has dense forests and forest covers, that dominate the Capital City of Jharkhand. 

Economy of Ranchi

A hub for mineral-based industries, Ranchi is nicknamed the “Ruhr of India” due to its location in the resource-rich Chota Nagpur region. 

The city has a presence of major government and private organizations like SAIL, Central Coalfields, Heavy Engineering Corp., and Usha Martin. 

Renowned industrial bodies like FJCCI and ASSOCHAM also have a base here, with JIADA managing industrial areas like Kokar and Tatisilwai.

Also Read- What Is The Capital City Of Rajasthan?

Culture of Ranchi

There is a lot to say about the culture of the Capital city of Jharkhand.

• Diverse & Welcoming Culture: Ranchi has a harmonious blend of cultures, with warm and hospitable locals. Traditional values are cherished despite modern development.
• Tribal Influence: The city has a rich tribal heritage which is evident in colorful clothing, customs, and art forms. Moreover, traditional dances and music are performed during festivals and celebrations.
• Religious Mosaic: Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and the tribal Sarna religion are all practised in Ranchi.

Vivid Dance Form:

• Chhau: Depicts daily life and warrior movements.
• Santhal: Group dance showcasing tribal culture with vibrant costumes.
• Karma: Performed during the Karma festival to celebrate good luck.

Unique Handicrafts:

• Paitkar Paintings: Scroll paintings using natural colours (rare to find).
• Sohrai Art: Wall paintings depicting animals and deities during festivals.
• Bamboo & Wood Work: Utility items, baskets, toys, and decorative pieces.

Also Read: What is the Capital Of Uttar Pradesh?

Facts about Ranchi

Let us now learn some Facts about Ranchi! 

• Ranchi’s scenic beauty is enhanced by its numerous waterfalls, thus making it a popular tourist destination.
• Furthermore, the city has a rich tribal history and culture which is reflected in its art forms, traditions, and festivals.
• Ranchi is a major industrial centre in Eastern India, nicknamed “Ruhr of India” due to its abundance of mineral resources.
• Ranchi offers a unique blend of modern development and traditional values, with a focus on preserving its cultural heritage.
• Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Jainism, Buddhism, and the tribal Sarna religion are all practised in Ranchi.

Also Read: What is the Capital City of Andhra Pradesh?

Related Blogs

The capital city of Jharkhand is called Ranchi. 

The city of Ranchi is its capital and Dumka is its sub-capital.

It has been observed that the main language spoken throughout Jharkhand is Khortha, so we can conclude that its mother tongue is Khortha.

Now we hope you are clear on what is the Capital city of Jharkhand. For more such content, visit our general knowledge page. 

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Capital of Jharkhand, What is the Capital of Jharkhand?

Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand, is a city with a rich history and cultural heritage. Know about its history and some interesting facts about Jharkhand and its capital.

Jharkhand , situated in the eastern region of India, emerges as a state characterized by varied landscapes, a vibrant cultural tapestry and abundant mineral wealth. The capital city, Ranchi , renowned as the “ City of Waterfalls ,” stands as a bustling center for industry, sports and historical significance. This article aims to explore the captivating aspects of Jharkhand and its dynamic capital, Ranchi.

Capital of Jharkhand- History

The history of Ranchi dates back to the colonial era when it was a part of Bihar. It was recognized as an important hill station by the British due to its pleasant climate and picturesque surroundings. The city has witnessed various historical events, from the Indian independence movement to tribal uprisings. Ranchi played a pivotal role in India’s struggle for freedom and served as prominent center for social reform and activism.

An Overview of Jharkhand’s Capital, Ranchi

Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand , is a city with a rich history and cultural heritage. Here are some interesting facts about Ranchi:

• City of Waterfalls: Ranchi is aptly known as the “City of Waterfalls” due to its numerous cascading waterfalls and lush greenery, making it a nature lover’s paradise.
• Birthplace of a Movement: Ranchi was at the forefront of the Jharkhand movement, advocating for a separate state for the tribal regions of northern Odisha, south Bihar, eastern Chhattisgarh and western West Bengal .
• Historical significance: During the British colonial era, Ranchi served as the summer capital of Bihar , showcasing its historical significance.
• Religious Diversity: Hinduism is the predominant religion in Ranchi, followed by Islam . The city is a melting pot of diverse cultures and faiths.
• Linguistic Diversity: Ranchi is a linguistic mosaic with languages like Hindi, Nagpuri, Mundari, Urdu, Bengali, Kurukh and Maithili spoken by its residents.
• Industrial Hub: In Eastern India, Ranchi plays a pivotal role as a major industrial city. It is home to several large private and government organizations.
• Employment Generation: Ranchi is renowned for its role in generating employment opportunities and is among the top cities for job creation in India.
• Sports Hub: The city boasts a thriving sports culture, with a special focus on cricket, hockey, football and more. It is the hometown of the legendary cricketer, M.S. Dhoni .

An Overview of Jharkhand

Jharkhand , formed on 15 th November 2000 , is a state known for its natural beauty, cultural heritage and historical significance.

• Land of Forests: The name Jharkhand itself means “land of forests,” signifying the state’s dense woodlands and natural beauty.
• Geographic Location: Jharkhand shares its borders with Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Odisha to the south, Chhattisgarh to the east and Bihar to the north.
• Official Language: Hindi is the official language of Jharkhand , reflecting the linguistic diversity of the region.
• Natural Wonders: The state is celebrated for its holy places, scenic hills and captivating waterfalls, making it a popular destination for tourists.

Find More General Studies News Here

What is the capital of Jharkhand?

Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand, is a city with a rich history and cultural heritage.

Which is the summer capital of Bihar?

During the British colonial era, Ranchi served as the summer capital of Bihar, showcasing its historical significance.

When was Jharkhand formed?

Jharkhand, formed on 15th November 2000, is a state known for its natural beauty, cultural heritage and historical significance.

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One of India ’s newest states, Jharkhand was created from the mineral-rich southern portion of Bihar state in 2000. It is located in the northeastern part of the country. In addition to being bounded by Bihar on the north, it shares borders with the Indian states of West Bengal on the east, Odisha (Orissa) on the south, Chhattisgarh on the west, and Uttar Pradesh on the northwest. Jharkhand has an area of 28,833 square miles (74,677 square kilometers). Most of the population lives in rural areas, mainly in scattered villages. The largest cities are Ranchi, which is the state capital, Jamshedpur, Dhanbad-Jharia-Sindri, and Bokaro-Chas.

Nearly all of the state lies within the Chota Nagpur plateau, which actually consists of a series of plateaus, hills, and valleys. It is part of India’s extensive Deccan plateau region. The highest point of Jharkhand is the granite peak of Parasnath, which rises to 4,477 feet (1,365 meters). It is sacred in the Jain religion and to the local Santhal people. The state’s major rivers are the Damodar, the Subarnarekha, the Brahmani, and the Son.

Jharkhand has hot summers, mild and pleasant winters, and a monsoon season, when nearly all of the year’s rain falls. The state receives an average of about 40–60 inches (100–150 centimeters) of rain each year.

More than a quarter of the state’s people belong to the Scheduled Tribes, an official category for indigenous groups that fall outside the mainstream Indian caste system . The principal tribal groups are the Santhal, Oraon (Kurukh), Munda, Kharia, and Ho. The predominant religion in Jharkhand is Hinduism. There is a notable Muslim minority, and some of the tribal peoples practice Christianity or local religions. The main languages are Hindi; the local Bihari languages of Bhojpuri, Maithili, and Magadhi; and Urdu, which is spoken primarily by the state’s Muslims. All are languages of the Indo-Aryan group.

Most of the people depend on agriculture for their livelihood. The main crop is rice. Corn (maize), wheat, pulses (legumes), and vegetables are also grown, and livestock are raised for their milk, meat, and wool. The state’s major manufactures include iron, steel, and other metal products; processed foods; chemicals; cement; automotive parts; silk, and textiles woven on handlooms. The Chota Nagpur plateau is the richest mineral belt in India. Mining is thus a major industry in Jharkhand. The state produces a large amount of coal and provides nearly all of India’s copper, kyanite (used in the manufacture of heat-resistant porcelain), pyrite (used to make sulfuric acid), and phosphate. Jharkhand is also one of the country’s leading producers of bauxite (a source of aluminium), mica, clays, and iron ore.

The state is governed by the Council of Ministers, which is headed by the chief minister. The constitutional head of state is the governor, who is appointed by the president of India. Jharkhand is one of the few Indian states with a two-house legislature.

The area that is now Jharkhand was ruled by chiefs of various tribal groups before the British arrived. After taking control of Bihar in 1765, the British gradually expanded their authority over the Jharkhand area in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Local uprisings against British rule occasionally broke out.

After India became independent in 1947, the Jharkhand area was included as part of Bihar . However, the country’s independence brought relatively little socioeconomic benefit to the area’s people. Dissatisfied with the government of Bihar, the tribal groups began to call for the creation of a new Indian state. They became militant in their demand in the 1980s, and the separation movement spread to nontribal peoples in the 1990s. Finally, in 2000 Jharkhand became a separate state. Population (2011 census), 32,966,238.

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Essay on Jharkhand in English

Essay on Jharkhand in English , There are different states of India. Jharkhand is one of the leading and developing states in the country. Located just above Orissa, it is a recent state that was cut out from Orissa 17 years ago in 2000. It has become the 28th state of the country followed by Telangana, which is the last and 29th state of India as of now. The state shares its borders with other states including Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra .

It is a 79,700 km long state, which is the most interesting thing about this state. Most 75% of the population in the state is Adivasi or tribal.

All About Jharkhand : Introduction of Jharkhand

This state is ‘the land of forests,’ which are gifted with rich flora and fauna. We can visit many national arts and zoological gardens in this state. For people who want to have a complete panoramic view of beauty and nature, this place is a must to visit.

This state is located in the eastern part of the country. The capital of this state is Ranchi, which is known as the prime capital. Jamshedpur is the largest city known for industrial purposes. The sub-capital of Jharkhand is Dumka.

Also Read: Chhattisgarh Essay in English

The History of Jharkhand

Talking about the history of Jharkhand, it is very interesting. The roots of this state can be traced to Magadha Empire. When there was a Mughal period, the area covering this state was called Kukara.

After 1965, the British ruled this area and at that time, this land was named Jharkhand. In 1771, there was a British rule and Tilka Manjhi who belonged to the Santhal tribal was the leader in the revolting. In 1779, the Bhumij tribe struggled against the British for the present state of West Bengal.

The conflict was seen in the Chero tribe at Palamau, after some time. The tribal rebellions developed a huge impact on the British administration, who were settled in Jharkhand in 1832. One of the last and longest tribal revolutions under ‘Birsa Munda’ was ruined in 1895 and went on till 1900.

Know the geographical boundaries

Jharkhand is located on Chhota Nagpur Plateau and Santhal Parganas. The majority of the Jharkhand area comes under the Chhota Nagpur Plateau. There are different rivers being flown in the state, which are Damodar, Brahmani, Koel, Kharkai, and Subarmarekha. We can enjoy the picturesque beauty of forests, plateaus, and hills from the Lodh falls.

There is a dense forest in the state, which has a huge population of tigers and Asian elephants. The soil found in this state comprises the disintegration of stones and rocks. The soil compositions are divided further and are discovered around the state. The red soil is being found in the Rajmahal area and Damodar valley.

Some places in Jharkhand such as Jhumri, Barkagaon, Koderma, Telaiya, and Mandar hill have micaceous soil, which has mica particles. In Hazaribagh and Dhanbad, there is a presence of sandy soil. Most of the Rajmahal area contains black soil. Western Ranchi, Palamu, Singhbhum, Santhal Parganas, and Dumka regions contain laterite soil.

Also Read: Rajasthan Essay in English

Economic aspects of Jharkhand

This state has the second-largest mineral wealth producer after Chhattisgarh. There are different minerals found in this state like iron ore, coal, copper, bauxite, uranium, graphite, and limestone. Due to its vast mineral resources, Jharkhand has expected an increase in the per capita income in the next years.

There are many industrialized cities in Jharkhand such as Ramgarh, Bokaro Steel City, Dhanbad, Ranchi, etc. the largest fertilizer industry in Jharkhand is Sindri, which has now shut down.

The main thing to know about Jharkhand is that it is mainly conquered by tribes. In this state, nature is considered an essential part of their lives and culture. People used to purchase the sacred trees to plant them in their courtyard, which seems to be a part of their tradition.

There are different rituals followed by people in Jharkhand, which are Karma Puja, Jitia Puja, Sarhul, and many others. Tusu Fair or Poush Mela are being celebrated in the state, this festival is known as a festival of harvesting.

This festival has a folk belief, which involves brighter and more colorful celebrations. The whole Chotanagpur Plateau region celebrates the festival named as Karam Festival with show and pomp, which comes after the Kunwaar-Shuki-Paksh for 15 days.

People purchase new clothes, daliya, sindoor, oil, and make some traditional dishes during these festivals. The girls and boys are treated with great importance by their respective families. They are given Karam clothes signifying that they are not married.

Also Read: Bihar Essay in English

Jharkhand has a prime language, which is none other than Hindi. People in this state also speak other languages like Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, and Munda. They are sister languages. Most of the 90 percent of the population use these languages.

It is also similar to other states when we talk about food. Jharkhand also has its traditional delicacies. It has different varieties of dishes for a variety of taste-buds. Some popular dishes of this state are Rugra, Dhuska, Phutka or Puttu, Arsa Roti, A Mushroom, Litti Chokha, Pitha, Chilka Roti, Bamboo Shoot, Thekua, Malpua, Metha Khaza, Kanda Ki Sabzi, Dudhori, etc. People enjoy such huge varieties of dishes in this state.

It has a dense train route. Many districts in Jharkhand are well-connected through the rail route. Birsa Munda Airport is an airport located in Ranchi. In the urban cities of Jharkhand, road transport is also famous. We can travel from the villages and tribal areas to the prime districts by bus.

Talking about the tourism industry in Jharkhand, it contributes a major part to the economy of the state. There are forests and hills along with museums, holy shrines, and wildlife sanctuaries in the state. These are the popular tourist attractions offered by the state to tourists from different parts of the country.

It also attracts business tourism because of different Indian and global organizations present in the state. The places you can see in Jharkhand are Daasam Falls, Ranchi Hills, Jamshedpur, Sun Temple, Netarhat, and Baidyanath Dham.

It is a less explored state that has also many well-developed cities like Dhanbad, Jamshedpur, Deogarh, Bokaro Steel City, Giridh, Phusro, Medininagar, Ranchi, etc.

This is an essay on jharkhand in english, from this entire article, we cover information regarding 10 lines on jharkhand in englishIf found anything missing let us know by commenting below. For more info kindly visit us at wikiliv.com

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10 Lines on Jharkhand in English | Essay on Jharkhand

In this article, we are providing 10 Lines on Jharkhand in English for Students & kids. In these lines, we have tried to give the facts, information, and 10 points about Jharkhand Essay in English for class 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 students.

( Set-1 ) 10 Lines on Jharkhand for students

1. Jharkhand is a state located in the east of India

2. Jharkhand was formed on November 15, 2000, after being separated from Bihar.

3. The capital of Jharkhand is Ranchi.

4. The total area of Jharkhand is 79,714 km².

5. On the basis of area it ranks 16th in India.

6. The total population of Jharkhand is 4 crores.

7 On the basis of population it has 14th place in India.

8. Hindi is the official language of Jharkhand.

9. Jamshedpur in Jharkhand has India’s first and the world’s fifth-largest Steel plant.

10. Statehood Day is celebrated every year on 15th November in Jharkhand.

10 Lines on Gujarat

10 Lines on Maharashtra

10 Sentences about Jharkhand | Essay on Jharkhand in English

( Set-2 ) 10 Lines on Jharkhand in English for students

1. The state tree of Jharkhand is Sal and the state flower is Palash.

2. The state animal of Jharkhand Elephant is the rhinoceros and the state bird is the Kokil.

3. Mahendra Singh Dhoni, archer Deepika Kumari, the oldest Indian woman to climb Mount Everest, Premlata Agarwal, and Dr. Suresh Mukhopadhyay are from Jharkhand.

4. The state animal of Jharkhand is the elephant and the state bird is the Asiatic cuckoo.

5. There are many tourist places in Jharkhand like Dasam Falls, Hungdu Falls, Tagore Heel, Stone Age Caves of Hazirabag, and Sun Temple.

6. Jharkhand has 82 Assembly seats, 14 Lok Sabha seats, and 6 Rajya Sabha seats.

7. Subarna Rekha River, Son River, Ajay River, and Mayurakshi River are the major rivers of Jharkhand.

8. 29 percent of Jharkhand is surrounded by trees and shrubs, due to which it is called Jharkhand.

9. In Jharkhand, 40 percent of the minerals of the whole of India are found.

10. There is a hot water spring named Suryakund in Hazirabag.

FAQ about Jharkhand-

Q. The capital of Jharkhand? Ans. Ranchi is the capital of Jharkhand State.

Q. Jharkhand state is formerly known as? Ans. At first, Jharkhand is a part of Bihar, which separated in 2000.

Q. Name the official Language of Jharkhand? Ans. The official language of Jharkhand is Hindi.

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Jharkhand-At a Glance

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Paragraph on Jharkhand

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Paragraph on Jharkhand in 100 Words

Jharkhand is a state in India. It is known for its rich natural resources like minerals and forests. Many people live here. Two big cities in Jharkhand are Ranchi, which is also the capital, and Jamshedpur. People speak many languages like Hindi, Santhali, and Mundari. Jharkhand is famous for its beautiful waterfalls, hills, and wildlife. It is home to different animals like elephants and tigers. The state also has many coal mines. People celebrate festivals like Sarhul and Karma with dance and songs. Jharkhand is a lovely place with a mix of nature and people’s culture.

Paragraph on Jharkhand in 200 Words

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Paragraph on Jharkhand in 250 Words

Jharkhand, a state in eastern India, is rich in natural resources like minerals and forests, which makes it special. Formed in the year 2000, it was carved out of the southern part of Bihar. Ranchi is its capital and the largest city, known for its picturesque beauty. The state’s name, Jharkhand, means ‘land of forests’, as the region is blessed with lush green forests, breathtaking waterfalls, and beautiful wildlife. It is home to several tribal communities, like the Santhals, Mundas, and Oraons, each with its unique culture and traditions. These tribes are known for their distinct dance forms and art, a sight to behold during festivals. The state’s economy primarily depends on its mineral wealth and industries such as steel, mining, and manufacturing. Jharkhand is also known for being the birthplace of many famous personalities like MS Dhoni, an internationally renowned cricketer. The state has a mix of flat land and hilly regions, offering diverse landscapes. It also has several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, like the Betla National Park and Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary, which provide vital habitats for many animals. Jharkhand’s cuisine is simple yet delicious, with dishes like Thekua and Litti Chokha being popular. Despite the challenges it faces, like poverty and underdevelopment, Jharkhand is working hard to improve its condition and is a state with immense potential.

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Rediscovering Jharkhand’s legacy of colonial buildings

The thanas, dak bungalows, jails, railway lines and many other such structures dating back to the 1800s that dot the landscape of jharkhand stand testimony to the state’s colonial past and to the political and economic significance of the region..

Published : Feb 06, 2021 06:00 IST

The official residence of the Deputy Commissioner of Chaibasa, in West Singhbhum district, Jharkhand, dates back to the 1850s.

ON January 9, 2016, when President Pranab Mukherjee inaugurated Audrey House, the 162-year-old colonial building on the premises of Ranchi’s Raj Bhavan, it provided a much-needed fillip to the rediscovery of colonial buildings of Jharkhand. Audrey House, built in 1854 by Captain Hannyington, Deputy Commissioner (DC) of Chotanagpur (1850-56), served as an extension of the Governor’s Secretariat when Ranchi was the summer capital of undivided Bihar. It had been in a state of neglect for a long time before its second spring in 2016.

The potters of Mahuadanr block of Latehar district gave the building its new lease of life. They took up the mammoth task of baking the over seven lakh pieces of khapra (semi-cylindrical clay tiles for the roof) needed to ensure that the building’s colonial aesthetic was preserved. The renowned sculptor Amitabh Mukherjee, under whose supervision the work was carried out, said that the biggest challenge was not renovating the building but conserving its original beauty. “Though we have replaced the sun-baked mud bricks with fired bricks, the walls have been plastered using the old technique of mixing sand, molasses and lime,” he said. Structural strengthening had to be done, and old wooden purlins and rafters were consolidated and part of the wooden floor was restored.

The renovation work took over two years and was carried out at an estimated cost of Rs.6.27 crore under the overall guidance of the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH), New Delhi. Audrey House now serves as the hub of art and culture in Jharkhand. One of the halls inside the house was converted into an art gallery, which exhibits select paintings of artists of the State. An audiovisual hall hosts cultural shows and art conferences and an open-air theatre stages live performances. Every Saturday, starting at 6 p.m., an event called Shani Parab is held on the premises. Artists from across the State perform and present different art forms representing the many indigenous tribes of Jharkhand.

Fascinating journey

As a history buff and researcher, my curious exploration into the history of some of these dwellings where I myself had stayed started me on a fascinating journey of discovery of the colonial buildings of Jharkhand. Sprinkled across the length and breadth of the State, these buildings are a testimony to Jharkhand’s colonial past. Shah Alam’s grant of the diwani rights of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa to the British East India Company in 1765 is what first brought present-day Jharkhand in contact with the British. Over the years, concerns ranging from the Maratha threat, tribal uprisings, entanglements with local rajas, the economics of revenue collection, the extraction and transportation of minerals, and missionary activities led to a gradual expansion of British influence. This expansion of colonial power is reflected in the network of thanas, kutchery buildings (courts), record rooms, circuit houses, dak bungalows (circuit houses along the postal route for officials to spend the nights), jails and railways that dot the landscape of Jharkhand dating back to the late 1800s.

Another important set of structures were the official residential structures, or bungalows: a hybrid of the Indian thatched hut with a verandah and the British suburban villa. Built for British administrators, all these structures represent a unique mix of imperial preferences and economic interests adapted to the hot-humid weather conditions and the availability of raw materials. In this piece, I have attempted to knit together what is known about some of these colonial structures district wise from gazettes, conversations with past and present occupants, local folklore, media reports and archival material.

The British era is wonderfully evoked in the colonial buildings in present-day Chaibasa in West Singhbhum district. The recurrent uprisings by the Ho people, especially the rebellion of 1831-32, made the British realise the futility of forcing them to submit to the traditional chiefs and led to the eventual British occupation of the area. A wooden plaque with the names of erstwhile Deputy Commissioners dates the present DC’s bungalow to the 1850s. The sprawling single-storey structure has a simple symmetrical layout; wide colonnaded verandahs that insulate the main walls from the heat outside; high ceilings, multiple doors and windows to ensure natural ventilation and light; a coal-fired fireplace; and polished cement floors (still visible in places). Other notable structures in Chaibasa that date back to this period include the present-day Circuit House, which served as a dak bungalow during Company rule, and today’s Collectorate office, which served as a civil court.

Hazaribagh district is a treasure trove of colonial buildings ranging from the initial phase of Company rule (early 1800s) such as the old British cemetery and the old armoury building (now under the Public Works Department) to the buildings such as Rattray House and Simpson’s House that date back to the 1850s and continue to be lived spaces to date. One of the most famous colonial structures in the district is the Hazaribagh Central Jail, infamous as the Jungali Kalapani, which dates back to the mid 1830s. It was on Diwali night, November 9, 1942, at the height of the Quit India Movement, that Jayaprakash Narayan (JP) and five other freedom fighters made their historic escape from this jail.

Part of the folklore of Jharkhand now, the escape was audacious: a dinner table was put near the wall. Jogender Shukla knelt on it; a knotted rope of dhoti was tied around Suraj Narayan Singh’s waist; Gulab Chand Gupta stood on Shukla’s back; Suraj climbed on his shoulders and grasping the top of the wall drew himself up while the others clung to the rope; Suraj slowly descended on the other side and signalled; within minutes, Shaligram Singh, Ramanand Mishra and JP were over the wall. JP’s escape went unnoticed until the next morning. “Operation Manhunt” was launched but proved futile. Soon, JP, along with Aruna Asaf Ali and other socialists, organised an underground movement against the British rulers until his rearrest in Punjab in September 1943.

One of Jharkhand’s most impressive examples of colonial architecture is the present Hazaribagh DC’s residence. The day after JP made good his escape, this bungalow was where the then Hazaribagh District Commissioner, K.V.S. Raman, spent a sleepless night. It is a five-room structure that stands in the centre of a 27-acre estate, which includes three artificially created lakes. The bungalow exudes colonial charm with its period furniture, old lamps, tiled roof held up by wooden rafters, wood panel–lined corridors, high ceilings replete with vents and skylights, and airy colonnaded verandah, which runs around the house. A thick forest surrounds the bungalow, and picturesque walking trails criss-cross the estate. Stepping into the bungalow, it is hard not to picture the relaxed lifestyle of the white sahibs sitting on the verandah, sipping tea and enjoying the natural beauty of Hazaribagh.

Some of the other notable structures of the district are the present-day (Old) Circuit House, which was built in 1871; the Police Training College, formerly the Roman Catholic Mount Carmel School whose chapel still houses the remains of the Catholic church built in 1865 for the British troops in the cantonment; the Dublin Mission Hospital building; and St. Columba’s College (1897), which was modelled on Christ Church college in Oxford.

Dumka district is home to several colonial heritage structures. In 1855, in the aftermath of the Santhal uprising, Santhal Parganas headquartered at Dumka was carved out of Bhagalpur and Birbhum districts. In the late 1880s, British officials administering the area began to reside here. The present-day Dumka DC’s bungalow dates back to this period. It is said to have originally belonged to the manager of the erstwhile Grant Estate of Dumka and presented as a gift to the then DC. It is a fine single-storey structure with a deep rounded porch, tall columns, high ceilings replete with skylights (including a glass-panelled roof, which has been covered since) and a terrace. Even today, the vestiges of some of the other buildings of the Grant Estate can be seen in the present-day LIC colony adjacent to the DC’s residence.

Another notable structure that dates back to the late 19th century is the present-day Dumka Club or erstwhile European Club, which functioned as an exclusive club for white men. Dumka is home to many dak bungalows constructed along quiet, remote routes that provided rest and refuge to British officers traversing these hard-to-reach areas. The dak bungalows at Katikund and Shikaripada that were built in colonial times are still in use.

Oldest churches in Jharkhand

Dumka is also home to the oldest churches in Jharkhand: St. Andrew’s Church built in 1860 and the North Evangelical Lutheran Mission founded in 1867. Interestingly, in 1967, to commemorate the centenary year of the mission, a picture of the Lutheran church building of Dumka appeared on a Norwegian stamp with the inscription “Norwegian Santhal Mission” ( Den Norske Santalmisjon ).

Netarhat, in present-day Latehar district, is home to a large number of forest and district board bungalows. The most striking structure is the Governor’s “chalet”, which at present serves as DC Latehar’s camp court (before 2003 it served as a dispensary for the Netarhat School). Literally meaning the “wooden house”, the beautiful building, which Sir Edward Gait, the British Lieutenant Governor of Bihar and Orissa, commissioned, dates back to the early 20th century. Netarhat and the chalet house served as a summer retreat for serving British officers. The chalet is famous in local folklore as the house where a British Governor’s daughter, Magnolia, fell in love with a local tribal man who worked as a household help. She eventually committed suicide by jumping off a cliff on horseback to be united with her lover at what is today called Magnolia Point. Famed for its beautiful sunsets, Magnolia Point has a memorial describing Magnolia’s ill-fated love story.

In the 1830s, Captain Wilkinson chose Ranchi, the present-day capital of Jharkhand, as the headquarters of the South-West Frontier. Legend says that it derives its name from the word “archi”, which means bamboo forest in a local tribal dialect. The heritage structures in Ranchi district etch a multifaceted story of British days. This is perhaps best reflected in the churches that dot the fast-growing urban landscape of Ranchi city. In the heart of the city is the Gossner Evangelical Lutheran (G.E.L.)Church. Set up in 1855, it can be traced to the launch of the Lutheran Mission in India in 1845. Today, the 165-year-old structure stands tall, overlooking the bustling main road. The famed cannon balls embedded in its walls are a legacy of the revolt of 1857.

Built in 1930-31 by the British architect Sadlow Ballerd, the Governor’s House, or Raj Bhavan, in Ranchi is a grand structure surrounded by 62 acres of greenery. The main structure, insulated with double Raniganj tiles, instantly exudes an old-world charm and carries the indelible mark of the British era: Burma teak wood panelling, a manually operated lift to deliver food to the dining hall, the brass bells used to announce mealtimes, the billiards tables in the recreation room, the fireplace, the shuttered doors and skylights in each of the rooms, and the steam-based cooking system in the old kitchen. Legend has it that the house has an underground tunnel leading to unknown destinations, with the trapdoors in the floor of the Durbar Hall used routinely to authenticate the story.

The present-day residences of the DC and senior superintendent of police of Ranchi date back to the late 1890s. The DC’s residence, sitting amidst over five acres of lush gardens in the heart of the city, is an example of a classical colonial bungalow with a sloping tiled roof held up by wooden rafters. Its large central room is equipped with a fireplace that opens on both sides and a chimney. The colonial period horse stables have now been refurbished into staff quarters at one end of the house. The gardens are home to a historical grand banyan tree that predates the house by at least 300 years.

Some of the other notable structures in Ranchi are the Zila School, established in 1839; the famed mental health institute, known as the Ranchi European Lunatic Asylum when it was constructed in 1918; the Commonwealth War Cemetery built in 1942; and colonial bungalows such as the present-day residence of the Chief Justice of Jharkhand, constructed in 1930-31.

Each district in Jharkhand is home to similar fading colonial treasures. The old wing of the Sadar Hospital, which dates back to 1867; the district board bungalow, which now houses the district veterinary hospital; the bungalows of the DC and the superintendent of police; and the old police station are some of the notable colonial buildings in Palamau district. Khunti district has the police station where the tribal freedom fighter Birsa Munda was imprisoned; today, a discoloured signboard marks the spot.

In Deoghar town, the office of the Sub-Divisional Magistrate (SDM), colloquially called the English office, dates back to the late 1890s. In Chatra district, the SDM’s office was where Raja Ram Mohan Roy worked as a sub-registrar in 1805-6. In present-day Dhanbad district, a colliery line was laid in 1894; the present Divisional Railway Manager’s bungalow dates back to the early 1900s. The sprawling property is a classic example of a colonial bungalow and sits atop a rising slope in the midst of a beautiful garden with a colonnaded portico and a sloping tiled roof held up by wooden rafters. The British used the cantonment in present-day Ramgarh as a large prisoners-of-war camp during the Second World War, and in June 1942, it was converted into a United States Army training centre, the first of its kind on foreign land, where Chinese troops were trained to fight against the Japanese in north Burma.

Priceless assets

The structures highlighted above provide a tantalising glimpse into the colonial heritage of Jharkhand. There are many lesser-known structures out there waiting to be (re)discovered. These heritage buildings of Jharkhand are priceless assets of the newly created State and are a testament to the political and economic significance of the region. Today, Jharkhand has the opportunity and responsibility to preserve and protect these structures. The question of posterity becomes critical as we passively witness many of these structures languishing and/or being razed because of the connivance of builders, officials and politicians. Further, many of the colonial buildings discussed in this essay are mere shadows of their grand past selves. While occupation has ensured their survival, the caretakers/occupants, often unaware of the legacy of their dwellings, have modified the structures with little regard to the authenticity of the original construction.

Even small initiatives that seek to involve citizens, especially students, can give these heritage structures a second lease of life. It is not necessary to have top-down, state-driven, big budget plans. For example, a small step could be fixing a plaque on colonial buildings currently in use by government officials or as circuit houses, and so on. Placing such a plaque with an inscription stating why the building is a historic site (for instance, mentioning the year of its construction or that a notable person lived there or that a significant event took place) would underscore its importance among the general public and alter the way it is viewed and experienced. Neighbourhood schools could be encouraged to set up heritage clubs; involving students is excellent way to keep such structures alive in collective memory. No amount of reading of history can substitute for seeing something in situ . Schools, students and citizens can be made conservation partners, asked to explore their surroundings, conduct their own research, interview elders and make their own suggestions about the historical significance of their community and surroundings and maybe even nominate places that need to be commemorated. Historical buildings and other such structures pose limitless possibilities for the way we not only study, understand and teach students history but also how we record our lives and the structures we leave behind for future generations.

Hem Borker is an assistant professor at Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.

Gopal Chandra Naskar has an M.A. in visual arts from the Government College of Art and Craft, Calcutta.

All sketches were done by Gopal Chandra Naskar and his team while on a field trip to Jharkhand.

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• The Official Tourism Site of Jharkhand, India
• MapsofIndia.com - Jharkhand, India
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Nearly two-fifths of the population of Jharkhand consists of various indigenous peoples classified as Scheduled Tribes, as well as members of the Scheduled Castes (formerly called “ untouchables ”; groups that officially occupy a low position within the Indian caste hierarchy). The Santhal , Oraon (Kurukh), Munda , Kharia , and Ho are the principal indigenous groups, and together they constitute the great majority of the total tribal population. Non-Scheduled peoples, who hold a higher status within the traditional Indian social system, constitute most of the remaining three-fifths of the population.

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Hindus constitute the religious majority in Jharkhand. The Hindu population comprises the elite upper castes ( Brahmans , Bhumihars, Rajputs , and Kayasthas), the large and diverse community of less-advantaged castes (such as the Yadavas, Kurmis, and Banias ), and the Scheduled Castes (notably, the Chamars or Mochis, Dusadhs, and Mushars). Most of the tribal groups also follow Hinduism , although Christianity is significant among the Munda, Kharia, and Oraon peoples. Some members of the Scheduled Tribes—especially from the Ho community—adhere to local religions. There also is a notable Muslim minority within the state.

Languages from the Indo-European family are the most widely spoken in Jharkhand. Most prominent of these are Hindi ; the Bihari languages of Bhojpuri, Maithili, and Magadhi; and Urdu , which is used primarily within the Muslim community. Some of the tribal languages—including Munda , Santhal, and Ho—belong to the Austroasiatic family, while other indigenous communities , such as the Oraon, speak Dravidian languages.

With just over one-tenth of its population classified as urban, Jharkhand remained one of the most rural states in India in the early 21st century. Dispersed villages are characteristic of Chota Nagpur , where settlement is confined largely to river valleys, deforested peneplains (areas reduced almost to plains by erosion), and mineral and industrial belts. The indigenous groups are concentrated mostly in the districts of Ranchi in central Jharkhand, Dumka in the northeast, and East and West Singhbhum in the southeast. The major cities and urban agglomerations are Ranchi , Jamshedpur , Dhanbad - Jharia -Sindri, and Bokaro -Chas.

Since the achievement of statehood at the turn of the 21st century, the government of Jharkhand has pursued an active course of economic planning and development. Information technology, transportation and infrastructure , agriculture, and local craft production have been among the prioritized sectors. Meanwhile, several Industrial Area Development Authorities—centred at Adityapur (near Jamshedpur ), Bokaro , and Ranchi —have been charged with land acquisition, improvement of the infrastructure, and development of public utilities , among other functions, within their areas of jurisdiction.

Jharkhand is endowed with surface water and groundwater, fertile land, and a moderate climate, all of which have helped the state build a strong agriculture sector. The state’s agricultural-development programs have especially emphasized the raising of livestock for meat, dairy products, and wool. In an effort to improve quality and to increase the output of mutton and wool, a selective sheep-breeding program was implemented in the town of Chatra, in the northwest, and wool-collection centres were established in the district of East Singhbhum. Most of the state’s goats are raised in the districts of Dumka , Deoghar , and Godda, all in the northeast, although the state also has goat farms in Sahibganj, Chatra, and Ranchi districts. There are pig farms in various towns across the state, notably in Kanke (in Ranchi district), Saraikela (near Dhanbad ), and Jamshedpur .

The Chota Nagpur plateau is the richest mineral belt in India , and it is responsible for a significant share (by value) of the country’s mineral yield. Jharkhand produces almost the entire national output of copper , kyanite (used in the manufacture of heat-resistant porcelain), pyrite (used to make sulfuric acid), and phosphate , as well as much of the output of bauxite (a source of aluminium), mica , kaolin and other clays, and iron ore . Most of these minerals are mined in the districts of East and West Singhbhum. Coal, however, accounts for the bulk of Jharkhand’s mineral production. The principal coalfields, all in the Damodar River valley in eastern Jharkhand, supply most of the coking coal of India.

The Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) is the most prominent multipurpose power project of Jharkhand. The corporation operates several thermal plants and hydroelectric dams not only in Jharkhand but also in neighbouring West Bengal; all the stations are networked within the DVC grid, which serves urban and rural areas in both states.

Traditional artisan-based cottage industries engage the majority of the manufacturing workforce of Jharkhand, particularly in Hazaribag , Ranchi , East and West Singhbhum, and Jamshedpur districts. Some artisans engage in sericulture , while others manufacture lac and glasswork, handloom products, brassware, stone carvings, cane and bamboo products, various woodworks, and pottery.

Most of the remainder of the state’s manufacturing workers are employed in metal- and agriculture-based industries. Ranchi, Bokaro , and Jamshedpur rank among the largest industrial complexes in India. East and West Singhbhum, the richest mineral-bearing districts, are particularly important for heavy industries. Copper is smelted near the town of Ghatsila, in East Singhbhum, while Jamshedpur district is the seat of iron and steel production. Chaibasa , in West Singhbhum, manufactures cement from Jamshedpur slag . Heavy machinery is produced in Ranchi, and there is sheet-glass manufacturing at Kandra in West Singhbhum. Among the principal agricultural industries are sugar refining, tobacco processing, and jute milling.

Although the road network has continued to expand since statehood, all-weather roads still reach fewer than half of Jharkhand’s villages. However, a number of national highways pass through the state, including the venerable Grand Trunk Road (one of the oldest roads in India). Road service is best on the Chota Nagpur plateau, where Allied operations during World War II brought many improvements.

The Kolkata - Delhi rail line, which opened in 1864, crosses Jharkhand. Extensive goods-handling facilities are located along the rails at Ranchi, Bokaro, Dhanbad, and Jamshedpur. In addition, ore-loading facilities are available at Lohardaga, in west-central Jharkhand, and at all the coal mines. Scheduled airlines serve Ranchi on a regular basis. Waterways, once important avenues of transport, are now of little significance in Jharkhand.

Quantitative Tightening with Slow-Moving Capital

We document shifts in investor composition during quantitative tightening, which suggest that investors adjust their portfolios at different speeds. To understand its implications for bond valuation, we develop a general equilibrium model which highlights the dynamic interaction between heterogeneous investors. In the model, long-term investors have higher risk-taking capacity, but face a portfolio adjustment cost; liquidity traders have lower risk-taking capacity, but can trade freely. Our model predicts a novel overshooting pattern: when the central bank unwinds its bond purchase, slow adjustment by long-term investors requires liquidity traders to absorb the imbalance, who demand a higher risk premium that creates excessive bond price decline and volatility in the short run. As a result, quantitative tightening is not simply a symmetric reversal of quantitative easing.

We thank Hengjie Ai, YiLi Chien, Anna Cieslak, Nicolas Crouzet, Xiang Fang, Paul Fontanier, Nicolae Gârleanu, Bryan Hardy, Arvind Krishnamurthy, Wenhao Li, Konstantin Milbradt, Gabor Pinter, Jacopo Ponticelli, Ishita Sen, and participants at the Yale Junior Macro-Finance Conference, Northwestern Kellogg, Wharton Valuation Workshop, Western Finance Association, and the Society for Economic Dynamics for discussions. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.

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10 Lines on Jharkhand |110 Words Essay on Jharkhand

These 10 lines on jharkhand in english are for students and children for classes 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 and competitive exams(junior and senior classes)..

• Jharkhand is a state in the eastern part of India.
• It is also known as the ‘The Land of Forests’.
• It shares its borders with West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Odisha.
• Jharkhand is spread over an area of 79,716 square kilometers.
• It ranks 15th largest state by area and 14th by population.
• The capital of Jharkhand is Ranchi.
• The state is known for its waterfalls, hills, and religious places.
• Mr. Hemant Soren is the chief minister of Jharkhand.
• The official language of Jharkhand is Hindi.
• Some major religious places of Jharkhand are Baidyanath Dham, Parasnath, Dewri, and Rajrappa.

5 Lines on Jharkhand | 50 Words Small Essay on Jharkhand

These 5 lines on jharkhand in english are for students and children in class 1,2,3,4,5..

• Jharkhand state is formed in the year 2000.
• It had been part of Bihar before the year 2000.
• The sub-capital of Jharkhand is Dumka.
• It consists of more than 40% of the mineral resources of India.
• It has 24 districts

Q1. Which are mineral resources found in Jharkhand?

Ans. Coal, iron, graphite, chuna, etc. minerals are found in Jharkhand.

Q2. Which famous cricketer was born in Jharkhand?

Ans. Mahindra Singh Dhoni

Q3. What is the old name of Jharkhand?

Ans. During the Mughal period, it was known as Kukara.

Q4. Which is the state flower of Jharkhand?

Ans. Palash

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