doctor degree and phd

• October 11, 2023
• Education Advice

Ph.D. vs. Doctorate: What are the Differences?

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For those who have a deep-seated attitude, pursuing a doctoral degree can be a tough yet beneficial journey. Currently enrolled in a doctorate program means that a person has already scooched over college admissions, went through high stake tests and exams, and finished all those research papers and long hours spent in university libraries hitting the books. While studying for a doctorate entails asserting oneself to an extensive amount of quality time and money , its significance and purpose usually pave the way to a lucrative end.

After having finished the Master’s Degree , students begin to think about their next step in their academic career. Then, paradoxically, while navigating through academia, they find themselves baffled by the immense terms and terminologies used to label specific degrees. Because the terms “Doctorate” and “Ph.D.” are somehow interlocked and overlap, and because “PhD” is sometimes used inconsistently, it can lead to considerable confusion. Ph.D. vs. Doctorate? You might wonder what their difference is, and why they are important. E xplaining what each of these terms stands for, the difference between them, and why they are valuable, can help you steer yourself down the right path from the outset.

Doctorate Degree vs. Ph.D.

At first glance, it is pretty easy to confuse these two terms. But it is important for everyone to be able to make a distinction between the two. In this article, we will discuss the difference between Ph.D. and Doctorate in detail in order to get rid of any confusion you may have. In the academic world, the terms Doctorate and Ph.D. are currently used interchangeably. Both of them are the top cap of the ladder. However, a doctorate is mostly used as an umbrella term covering many fields ranging from professional degrees, humanities, and scientific disciplines.

A Ph.D. or Doctor of Philosophy, on the other hand, is a subcategory of a doctoral degree, it is much more distinct and clear-cut and is usually narrower in nature encompassing only humanities and scientific fields. In plain English, when someone says they are enrolling on a doctoral degree, it means they are doing a Ph.D. in a specific field. So, technically, in common parlance, there is no difference between the two terms.

But at the other end of the spectrum, one should be careful not to confuse a professional doctoral degree with a Ph.D. The former is more practical and is designed to prepare students to apply existing knowledge to find solutions to real-life problems and has a direct application to a particular profession.

A Ph.D. is theoretical by nature and is more academic and research-focused. it is often fixed on disseminating knowledge by conducting authentic research which means reviewing and identifying gaps in current literature and evaluating the relevance of existing and emerging theories within a particular field.

What Is a Ph.D. Degree and Why Should You Go for It?

Students who acquire a Ph.D. are justly proud — they wear it as a badge of identity in the academic elite. Traditionally, a Ph.D. was associated with teaching, which from Latin licentia docendi meant “license to teach”. However, the concept of Ph.D. has been on shifting sands nowadays and has become a more general term that isn’t necessarily confined to teaching only.

The Value of a PhD

Obtaining a Ph.D. helps you capitalize on the emerging academic opportunities making you more easily identifiable to employers or businesses seeking to fill professional, higher-level job positions. Many of these career options, conversely, are not available to those who do not belong to the Ph.D. club. While pursuing a Ph.D. requires devoting a tremendous effort and time and making significant personal sacrifices pushing the boundaries of knowledge, it’s all in service of the area of study you’re most passionate and zealous about. Ultimately, once you’ve attained your Ph.D., you will have achieved the pinnacle of education— something not too many people have or are able to accomplish.

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What Is a Doctorate Degree?

A doctoral or doctorate degree is usually the most advanced degree one can earn in an academic discipline. Many pursue a doctorate degree to increase their professional credibility, be acknowledged as an expert in a specific field, and improve their resume.

A doctorate degree is a graduate-level credential that is usually earned after multiple years of graduate school. Earning a doctoral degree requires a significant level of research and work. In order to get this degree, one has to research a subject thoroughly, conduct new research and analysis, and provide a solution or interpretation into the field. But what types of doctoral degrees are available?

Types of Doctorate Degrees

There are two categories of doctorate degrees: an academic degree and a professional doctorate degree. An academic degree focuses on research, data analysis, and the evaluation of theory. A professional doctorate degree, on the other hand, is considered a terminal degree, which means that one has achieved the most advanced degree in the field. This degree is specifically designed for working professionals who want to grow in their careers.

Professional Doctorate Degrees

A professional doctorate is designed for working professionals who have experience in the field and want to increase their knowledge, improve their credibility, and advance their careers. This degree focuses on applying research to practical issues, coming up with interpretation and solutions, as well as designing effective professional practices within a particular field.

Professional doctoral degrees include:

Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)

The DBA degree is ideal for students who already have a general business background and are interested in delving deeper into the practical and theoretical aspects that underpin business education. More to the point, in DBA you will develop the ability to solve real-life problems, discover the relevant expertise to innovate and uphold complex business issues and so much more. Upon completion, DBA students will possess enhanced leadership and strategic skills as well as the tools to propel their careers in today’s marketplace. The Business Administration industry is keen on finding such graduates with business skills and this is indicated by the immense job positions currently available.

Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)

If you are interested in setting your eyes on creating lifelong learning among your students, making a positive influence in educational culture, contributing to the growing body of research in the education realm , or just enhancing your subject matter expertise, the Doctor of Education program ticks all the boxes. This degree maintains a rigorous approach in academic education that prepares graduates to showcase the skills and expertise to devise solutions in tackling the challenges in contemporary education practice and become transformational leaders in the industry.

Doctor of Computer Science (DCS)

The demand for computer scientists has reached its peak and it is among the most sought-after positions nowadays. With a degree in DCS, you will have the opportunity to design, apply innovative experiments, predict trends and, ultimately, develop a richer understanding and contribute to your area of expertise. After all, who doesn’t want an exciting and financially stable career?

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Doctor of Medicine (M.D.)

The Doctor of Medicine degree is designed to prepare you for various medical challenges in different settings nationally and internationally. This program will further develop your critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills required for safe, high-quality medical practices. It will also improve your leadership, communication, and teamwork skills for collaborative patient care.

Doctor of Optometry (O.D.)

This professional degree typically requires four years of study. It focuses on basic biological sciences such as anatomy and physiology, microbiology, neuroanatomy, and so on. This doctoral degree will prepare, educate, and train professionals to practice at the highest level of proficiency, professionalism, and integrity.

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The Doctoral of Psychology degree concentrates on the clinical and applied aspects of psychology. This type of doctorate prepares students for professional practice and clinical placement. This degree will be highly beneficial when working directly with patients who need psychology services. In addition, this degree allows doctors of psychology to confidently function as researchers and clinicians.

How to Choose a Ph.D. Program?

Choosing a Ph.D. program can be pretty challenging; it is a big academic decision and investment that requires commitment and perseverance. But how can you pick the right Ph.D. program for you? Well, there are some tips to help you choose the best fit for your goals and preferences:

• Think about the reasons why you want a Ph.D., what you expect to gain from it, and whether it is compatible with your professional goals.
• Consider your research environment.
• Take your time to research, compare, and consider multiple opportunities carefully.
• Pick a subject that interests and motivates you but is also practical.
• Ask your professors and other scholars in the field for advice.

All in all, the terms “Doctorate’’ and “Ph.D.” are in essence the same, which means all Ph.D. students are Doctoral students as well. On the other hand, earning a Ph.D. degree is no joke. If anything, Ph.D. students have the tenacity, patience, persistence, and years of hard work that you can vouch for. Ultimately, deciding what type of doctoral degree you should hop on, depends on your career goals, what you are passionate about and how you are going to achieve it.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between a doctorate and a ph.d..

In academic contexts, the terms “Doctorate” and “Ph.D.” are often used interchangeably, but there is a distinction. A Doctorate is an umbrella term covering a wide range of fields, including professional degrees, humanities, and scientific disciplines. A Ph.D., or Doctor of Philosophy, is a specific type of doctoral degree, typically focused on research and academic pursuits in the humanities and scientific fields.

Why should I pursue a Ph.D.?

Pursuing a Ph.D. can be a valuable endeavor, as it opens up academic and research opportunities, enhances your expertise in a specific field, and makes you more attractive to employers seeking candidates for high-level positions. It’s a chance to push the boundaries of knowledge and become an expert in your chosen study area.

What are the benefits of a professional doctorate?

Professional doctorate degrees, such as Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) or Doctor of Education (Ed.D.), are designed for working professionals who want to apply research to practical issues in their field. These degrees can enhance your career prospects, leadership skills, and problem-solving abilities within your profession.

How do I choose the right Ph.D. program?

To choose the right Ph.D. program, consider your career goals, research environment, and personal interests. Take your time to research and compare programs, seek advice from professors and experts in your field, and ensure that the program aligns with your professional aspirations.

What are the main differences between academic and professional doctorate degrees?

Academic doctorate degrees focus on research, theory evaluation, and data analysis, often leading to careers in academia or research. Professional doctorate degrees are more practical, designed for working professionals, and concentrate on applying research to real-world problems within a specific field.

Can I earn a Ph.D. in any field?

Ph.D. programs are available in various fields, including humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, engineering, and more. However, the specific availability of Ph.D. programs may vary by field and university.

Is a Ph.D. a challenging journey?

Yes, pursuing a Ph.D. can be a challenging journey that requires dedication, patience, and years of hard work. It involves conducting original research, writing a dissertation, and often teaching or assisting in courses. It’s a significant commitment, but it can be highly rewarding.

What are the potential career opportunities after earning a Ph.D.?

With a Ph.D., you can pursue careers in academia as a professor or researcher, work in research and development roles in various industries, or take on leadership positions in organizations. The specific career path will depend on your field of study and personal interests.

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Doctorate vs. PhD: Understanding the Key Differences [2024]

If you’re interested in pursuing a doctoral degree, you may wonder about the differences between a doctorate vs. PhD.

A doctorate and a PhD are both terminal degrees that allow you to develop specialized knowledge and skills in your chosen field. But these degrees typically have different areas of focus, requirements, and career outcomes.

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Understanding the difference between PhD and doctorate can help you pick the degree that most aligns with your career aspirations and interests.

What’s the Difference Between Doctorate vs. PhD Degrees?

A doctorate and a Ph.D. are the highest college degrees students can earn. Graduates of both types of programs receive the title of “doctor” and may qualify for specialized careers in their fields.

But, while doctorate programs focus on professional competencies and knowledge, PhD programs prioritize academic research.

What Is a Doctorate Degree?

A doctorate degree is a professional degree that enables students to become experts in a specific field or industry. This degree focuses on applying academic research and theories in the workplace to improve performance and solve problems.

Courses vary by field and program but typically emphasize professional skills like collaboration, leadership, and project management. Additionally, many doctorate programs require students to complete a capstone project that addresses real issues affecting their industry.

Graduates often qualify for advanced administrative, leadership, and managerial positions in their fields.

What Is a PhD Degree?

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree is an opportunity to strengthen your academic research skills and generate original knowledge. This degree trains students to become independent scholars who conduct cutting-edge research in their areas of expertise.

PhD curriculums cover advanced concepts and theories in a discipline. They also teach students qualitative and quantitative methodologies to design studies and conduct research. Additionally, most PhD programs require students to produce a dissertation that contributes fresh knowledge to the field.

Current professionals with PhDs often work as academic researchers and professors. They may also secure government and industry jobs.

Key Differences Between a PhD vs. Doctorate Degree

What’s a PhD degree ? What’s a doctorate degree? The main difference between a doctorate and a PhD is their area of focus. A doctorate prioritizes applied knowledge and professional skills, while a PhD emphasizes academic research. Let’s compare some more differences between a professional doctoral degree vs. PhD.

A doctorate enables students to become expert practitioners in their discipline. Students study existing concepts and theories and learn how to apply these ideas in the workplace.

By contrast, a PhD prepares students to conduct innovative research and educate others.

Goals and Outcomes

Doctorate programs help prepare students for senior administrative and leadership positions in their industries. They also help students enhance their professional competencies and tackle industry-specific challenges.

Students who pursue PhDs aim to advance their disciplines by generating new knowledge. They may also publish peer-reviewed research and teach undergraduate courses.

Student Population

Doctorate degrees are designed for current or aspiring working professionals who want to become industry leaders. These programs also enable students to increase their knowledge and credibility.

PhD programs attract students who want to expand their knowledge of research methodologies and theories. These learners also frequently pursue academic careers.

Admissions Requirements

Doctorate and PhD programs typically require students to have bachelor’s and master’s degrees.

Additionally, prospective doctorate students may be asked to provide evidence of work experience, while PhD students might demonstrate their research abilities with a writing sample.

Program Length

Requirements vary by program, but full-time students typically complete a doctorate in 3 to 5 years. Programs that require a capstone project may take longer. For those considering quick degrees, a number of universities now offer accelerated doctoral programs online .

PhD programs often take 4 to 7 years to finish. The speed at which students research and write their dissertations can significantly impact the timeline.

The curriculum for doctorate programs typically centers on practical skills and contemporary issues in the field. Topics may include communication, ethics, and leadership.

PhD programs offer classes on research methods, theories, and disciplinary trends. Students also learn how to write journal articles and present at conferences.

Assessment and Completion Requirements

Doctorate and PhD students both complete 2 or more years of coursework. They also demonstrate their knowledge during comprehensive exams.

Doctorate students may produce a capstone project that applies their knowledge to real problems. By contrast, PhD students write dissertations based on original research.

If You Have a PhD, Are You a Doctor?

Is a PhD a doctor ? While graduates who earn a PhD are referred to as doctors, a PhD is different from a Doctor of Medicine (MD).

Doctors with MDs are medical doctors who can legally prescribe medications, perform surgery, and treat patients. They typically apply existing medical knowledge instead of conducting research. Doctors with PhDs don’t have any of these abilities. Instead, they have specialized knowledge and perform academic research in a particular field.

PhD or Doctorate Degree – Which Is Right for You?

Understanding the difference between a doctorate and a PhD can help you select the right degree for you.

Professional doctorate degrees help students become leading practitioners and problem solvers. By contrast, PhD degrees enable students to hone their research skills and learn advanced concepts. Both degrees allow you to enrich your understanding of your chosen discipline or profession. They also help you boost your credentials and develop new skills.

After you decide between a doctorate degree vs. PhD, you can explore program options from accredited schools to find the best fit.

• ACADEMIC ADVICE

What’s the Difference Between a Ph.D. and a Doctorate?

• July 8, 2024

Table of Contents

Research (academic), applied (professional), what is a ph.d., is a ph.d. higher than a professional doctorate, doctoral study vs. dissertation, who is it for, what do you learn in each, can a ph.d. be called a doctor, the bottom line, what’s the difference between a ph.d. and a doctorate, are ph.d. and doctorate terms interchangeable, what are examples of other doctorate degrees besides a ph.d., do ph.d. and doctorate programs have different structures or requirements, which is more academic-focused: ph.d. or other doctorate degrees, can ph.d. holders and other doctorate degree holders use the title “dr.”.

The terms Ph.D. and Doctorate are often used interchangeably when considering advanced degrees in academia. Both degrees involve rigorous academic study and research, but their focus, duration, and requirements differ. Hence, these significant differences between the two are worth understanding before deciding which path to pursue.

In this article, we will explore the difference between a Ph.D. and a doctorate, including their definitions, the types of programs they are offered in, and the career opportunities they lead to.

What Is a Doctorate?

A doctorate degree is the highest level of academic degree that can be awarded by a university. It typically requires a minimum of three to five years of advanced study and research beyond a bachelor’s or master’s degree .

Doctoral programs are designed to prepare individuals for advanced careers in academia, research, or other professional fields. There are two main types of doctorates: Research (Academic) and Applied (Professional). Let’s talk about each in more detail.

A research doctorate, also known as an academic doctorate, is a type of doctoral degree focused on original research and advancing knowledge in a specific academic field. These programs require students to take advanced coursework in their field and complete original research contributing to the body of knowledge in their study area.

The research component is typically the program’s centerpiece, and students are expected to produce a dissertation or thesis that represents a significant contribution to their field of study. A research doctorate is highly valued in academia, and graduates often pursue careers as professors, researchers, or scholars in their field.

While a significant time commitment and dedication are required, they provide individuals with the skills and knowledge necessary to make contributions to their field and advance their careers in academia. Examples of research doctorates include the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Doctor of Science (D.Sc.), and Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) , among others.

An applied doctorate, or professional doctorate, is a type of doctoral degree that focuses on applying knowledge and skills in a specific profession or industry. These programs emphasize the practical application of research and theories to solve real-world problems in their field.

The curriculum includes coursework designed to enhance students’ professional skills, including leadership , management, or organizational behavior. An applied doctorate program’s capstone project or dissertation addresses a real-world problem or issue within the student’s profession or industry. The research is conducted in collaboration with professionals in the field.

While applied doctorate programs require a significant time commitment and dedication to a specific profession, they provide individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to become experts in their field and make a great impact. Graduates of such programs are well-prepared to take on leadership roles in their profession. The degree can lead to higher salaries and career advancement.

Examples of applied doctorates include the Doctor of Education (Ed.D.), Doctor of Business Administration (DBA), and Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.), among others.

Students who have completed advanced studies in a particular academic field and contributed original research to that field are awarded a Ph.D., also known as a Doctor of Philosophy. Ph.D. programs are geared toward developing independent scholars who can conduct original research and advance knowledge in their chosen fields.

The coursework of a Ph.D. program involves advanced studies in the student’s area of interest, coupled with a significant research component. Students must produce a dissertation or thesis that adds to the existing body of knowledge in their field of study.

Ph.D. programs generally require multiple years to complete and lead to opportunities for graduates to work as professors, scholars, or researchers within their field of specialization.

While Ph.D. degrees are commonly associated with academic careers, they can also offer advantages for graduates seeking positions in government or industry, as they demonstrate expertise in a specific area and an aptitude for original research.

Comparing a Ph.D. to a professional doctorate is difficult, as both degrees have distinct characteristics and are designed for different purposes.

A Ph.D. is primarily a research-focused degree focused on producing independent scholars who can conduct original research and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in a particular field.

On the other hand, a professional doctorate focuses on the application of knowledge and skills in a specific profession or industry. These programs typically emphasize the practical application of research and theories to solve real-world problems in their field.

Graduates of professional doctorate programs are well-prepared to take on leadership roles in their profession, and the degree can lead to career advancement and higher salaries.

So, in terms of purpose and focus, Ph.D. and professional doctorate degrees are different. It’s not a matter of one being higher than the other, but rather, it depends on an individual’s career goals and aspirations. Both degrees are considered terminal degrees, meaning they represent the highest level of academic achievement in their respective fields.

The Difference Between a Ph.D. and a Doctorate

Understanding the differences between a Ph.D. and a professional doctorate can help you make an informed decision about which program is right for you and your career goals. And while both types of degrees require extensive study and research, there are significant differences between the two.

One of the key differences between a Ph.D. and a professional doctorate is the focus of the doctoral study. Ph.D. programs typically focus on producing independent scholars who can conduct original research and advance knowledge in their chosen field.

In contrast, professional doctorate programs emphasize the practical application of research and theories to solve real-world problems in their field.

While both degrees require extensive research, Ph.D. programs often require a significant original contribution to the field in the form of a dissertation, while professional doctorate programs typically require a capstone project or applied research project that demonstrates the student’s ability to apply their knowledge to a real-world problem.

Ph.D. programs are geared toward individuals interested in pursuing an academic career, such as becoming a professor or researcher. These programs prepare students for a life of scholarship and original research.

On the contrary, professional doctorate programs are geared toward professionals already working in a specific profession or industry and wanting to advance their careers through further education. These programs provide students with the knowledge and skills needed to take on leadership roles in their profession or industry.

The content of the curriculum in Ph.D. and professional doctorate programs differs significantly. Ph.D. programs aim to give students extensive knowledge of their field of study and equip them with the skills to conduct original research.

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On the other hand, professional doctorate programs have a practical focus, with students taking courses that prepare them for leadership positions in their respective professions or industry, including management, ethics , and professional communication.

The title “Doctor” is used to refer to someone who has earned a doctoral degree, whether it is a Ph.D. or a professional doctorate. In academic and professional settings, it is common for individuals with a Ph.D. to be referred to as “Dr.” along with their name, just as someone with a professional doctorate would be.

However, it’s important to note that the title “Doctor” does not necessarily indicate that the person is a medical doctor or a physician. Additionally, it is worth noting that different countries and cultures have different conventions for how the title “Doctor” is used, so it’s always a good idea to check local customs and norms to ensure proper usage.

The decision to pursue a Ph.D. or a professional doctorate ultimately depends on your individual career goals and aspirations. Both degrees are highly respected and can lead to exciting and fulfilling careers.

Remember, the pursuit of advanced education is a challenging but rewarding journey that leads toward new opportunities, personal growth, and the chance to make a positive impact in your field.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

A Ph.D. is one type of doctorate degree but not all doctorate degrees are Ph.Ds. Ph.D. stands for Doctor of Philosophy and is typically research-focused , while a doctorate encompasses a broader range of degrees.

Not exactly. People often use “ Ph.D. ” colloquially to refer to any doctoral degree, but strictly speaking, a Ph.D. is a specific type of doctorate degree focused on original research.

Other doctorate degrees include Doctor of Education (Ed.D.), Doctor of Business Administration (DBA), Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.), Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP), and many more depending on the field of study.

Ph.D. programs emphasize research and typically require a dissertation based on original research. Other doctorate programs may have different requirements, such as applied projects, clinical practice, or professional portfolios , depending on the field .

Ph.D. programs are often considered more academically rigorous and research-oriented compared to professional or practice-based doctorate programs, which may focus more on applied knowledge and skills.

Yes, both Ph.D. holders and other doctorate degree holders are entitled to use the title “ Dr. ” as a prefix to their name. This title denotes their attainment of a doctoral degree in their respective field of study.

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Doctorate vs PhD: What’s the Difference?

Quick Highlights:

• Professional doctorates and PhDs differ in focus , duration , and potential career earnings .
• Both are doctoral degrees, but a PhD is specifically academic and focused on original research.
• Professional doctorates (like an Ed.D, M.D., DBA) are applied and tailored to specific professions.
• In most cases, you’ll need to complete a bachelor’s and a master’s degree before pursuing a doctoral degree.

In the academic world, achieving a doctoral degree represents the highest level of study within a field. These degrees grant their recipients not only more knowledge within their particular field, but also more respect and more upward mobility in their careers. 

Is a doctorate a PhD? Often, the terms doctoral degree and doctor of philosophy, or Ph.D., are used interchangeably. This isn’t 100% accurate, though. There are subtle but important differences that set a doctoral degree apart from a Ph.D. degree. These differences are critical to understand before you plan your own path through higher education.  Doctorate vs PhD, what is the difference ?

Related:  How to Prepare for your Graduate School Interview

What Is a Doctoral Degree?

A doctoral degree is a general term for a terminal degree that usually is awarded when someone pursues their studies beyond the level of a bachelor’s and a master’s degree. Doctoral degrees can be awarded in any number of fields, from education and English literature to chemistry and calculus.

Doctoral degrees typically come in two forms:

• a professional (also known as applied doctorate)
• an academic doctorate

Related: What is a Terminal Degree?

What is an Applied Doctorate Degree?

Professional or applied doctorate degrees qualify someone to work in a specific profession. This includes things like:

Doctor of Medicine (M.D.)

Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)

Doctor of Education (Ed.D.)

Degree holders with a professional doctorate degree are qualified to work at the highest level within their field. 

These professional degrees require academic research. It will culminate in a dissertation which must be defended in front of a group. A dissertation, like a thesis, is a lengthy and involved paper that incorporates research and applies a theory to make advances within the field.  

Some of the most common fields for a professional doctoral program are:

• Physical therapy
• Osteopathic medicine
• Occupational therapy
• Educational leadership
• Medicine 

We’ll discuss a few of the most common professional doctorate degree programs below.

Related: What Is The Difference Between College and University?

An Ed.D. is a professional doctorate for educators with teaching and administration responsibilities as well as those working in nonprofits and governmental agencies. These programs offer advanced leadership training which can help students advance their career. Students learn effective strategies to solve real-world problems they’ll encounter out in the field.

Ed.D. programs do not follow a standard curriculum. Each program is unique, and many can be tailored to meet the needs of each individual student. Some are offered online while others follow a more traditional format.

Doctor of Business Administration

The DBA is a professional degree for business professionals. These programs build upon the skills taught in an MBA program. Students are often accomplished executives who want to be better, more innovative business leaders.

DBA students conduct practical research that directly applies to the business world. Students will develop new insights and solutions to business challenges.

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Psychology is an area where students can choose to complete either a Ph.D. or a PsyD degree. A PsyD degree emphasizes the clinical and applied aspects of psychology. This degree is growing in popularity for several different reasons:

• Completion time is often less than a traditional PhD
• Specialization options
• Opportunity to complete a dual degree (MSW or MPH are popular)

The PsyD focuses on practice over research so students begin working on fieldwork sooner in the program. This hands-on experience is valuable as students begin to build their professional portfolio.

Related: Best Online Doctorates in Psychology

An M.D. is the degree of choice for students planning a career in medicine. These highly competitive and rigorous programs include the classroom and intensive training students need to join the medical field.

M.D. programs usually require students to complete four years of medical school followed by a residency. The residency can take between two and five years depending on the area of medicine.

While an M.D. degree requires a significant commitment of time and money, the investment plays off with a high salary and job security.

Doctor of Optometry (O.D.)

An O.D. an expert in primary eye care. They diagnose and manage diseases and disorders of the eye. An O.D. degree can take between eight and nine years of education beyond high school. Students take classes in areas like:

• gross anatomy
• neuroscience
• biochemistry

An optometrist can determine if an individual needs corrective lenses or contacts to improve their vision. They can check for signs of glaucoma or other degenerative eye conditions. In some states, an optometrist can prescribe certain medications.

Regardless of the individual field that you pursue, you can know that a doctoral degree will make you a highly qualified candidate for upper level positions in your field. 

What Is a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Degree?

Academic doctorates, on the other hand, are degrees that qualify someone to study, research, or teach at the highest level in his or her field. At some schools, like Franklin University, professional doctorates are referred to as an application oriented-degree while Ph.D.s, or academic doctorates, are referred to as research degrees. 

A Ph.D. is actually a specific type of doctoral degree. This means that rather than being completely separate from one another, Ph.D.s are really just a specific subtype of the umbrella term “doctorate degree.” 

A Ph.D. is an academic degree focused on original research and the application of new ideas to existing knowledge. This research based degree emphases research skills that allow student to contribute to the advancement of their field. Lots of people falsely believe that a Ph.D. is limited to fields in the social sciences. This is likely due to the word “philosophy” in the title. Rather than meaning philosophy in the modern sense, though, the word philosophy in a Ph.D. refers to its Latin origins, meaning “love of wisdom”. 

The reality is that Ph.D.s are research degrees available in many fields. Some of the most common degree fields for a Ph.D. include:

• Applied mathematics
• Accounting and finance
• Biomedical engineering
• Chemical engineering 
• Clinical psychology
• Computer science
• Counseling psychology
• Data analysis

No matter what kind of Ph.D. you undertake, you will always graduate from a Ph.D. program with a high level of competence, respect, and mobility within your career field. 

How To Apply for a PhD vs Doctorate Program

Once you’ve made the choice between a professional degree versus doctorate , you’ll need to figure out how to apply to your chosen program. Because Ph.D. programs are simply a specific type of a doctorate program, the application process varies more by school than it does by degree type. 

In general, when you apply to a doctoral program, you’ll need to have already completed a bachelor’s and a master’s degree. In many cases, your bachelor’s degree can be in any field. It does not need to be related to the field you’re pursuing at the professional level. In most cases, your master’s does need to be related in some way. 

If it’s not, there’s a strong likelihood that you’ll need to complete some prerequisite graduate-level classes before you can apply for your doctorate program. You’ll need to check with each program about the prerequisites before you apply. 

Once you’re sure that you meet the prerequisites required of a doctoral student, you’ll also need to get your application materials. Generally this means:

• transcripts from your undergrad and graduate school coursework
• letters of recommendation
• an essay or statement of purpose
• recent GRE or GMAT scores

Again, application requirements will vary by school so you’ll want to check directly with those you’re applying to. 

PhD vs Doctorate Degree: Which is Longer?

The amount of time it takes to complete your doctorate vs PhD degree will largely depend on what work you’ve done before it, and whether you’ll be pursuing it part-time or full-time. If you have completed a master’s in the field already, you will need to complete fewer credits to complete the doctoral degree. 

At some schools, there is an option to combine your master’s with your doctorate degree. These accelerated programs usually allow you to take a year of study off your total commitment.

Still, terminal degrees are no small time commitment. Most degrees take anywhere from five to eight years to complete when pursued full-time. In general, Ph.D. programs tend to take slightly longer than professional doctorates. For example, to complete a doctor of education (Ed.D.) degree, doctoral students must complete at least 60 credits. In contrast, Ph.D. students completing a Ph.D. in Education must complete 90 credits. 

Earning Potential of a Professional Doctorate vs PhD

While a professional doctorate and a Ph.D. are seemingly very similar, they do differ in terms of earning potential. 

This is likely because many Ph.D. programs lead to careers in teaching or research. These are two fields that are notoriously low in funding, unless you find one of the relatively less common highly paid positions in these fields. 

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average salary for a postsecondary teacher at colleges or universities is about $80,000. The average salary of postsecondary teachers in the field of scientific development and research is more, at nearly $110,000, and the average salary of a researcher in the field of medical science is nearly $90,000. 

Compare these salaries to those of professional doctorates like a medical doctor or a lawyer. A medical doctor earns an average salary of $208,000 while a lawyer receives an average salary of roughly $123,000. 

Doctoral Degree vs PhD: How Do They Stack Up?

While a Ph.D. is simply a subtype of doctorate, there are some distinct differences that set it apart from professional doctorate degrees. 

While Ph.D.s are typically heavy on research, professional doctorates are heavy on application of knowledge to a specific professional field. The body of knowledge developed in a Ph.D. program may be slightly broader, while the knowledge built in a professional doctorate program is tailored more directly to a specific career. 

Both programs have similar application processes, but the Ph.D. program may take slightly longer to complete on average than the professional doctorate program does. Finally, professional degree PhD program graduates tend to earn slightly more than Ph.D. graduates. 

If you’re interested in pursuing a doctorate degree, you’ll need to consider a professional doctorate degree vs PhD. You’ll want to research your programs before applying. Sites like CollegeRank can help you to narrow your options by providing curated college rankings geared to a number of different factors, from campus size to return on investment, and more. 

• PhD Types - Understanding Different Doctoral Degrees

Types of PhD

When is a 'PhD' not a PhD? When it's a DPhil, DBA, EdD or other type of doctorate degree.

The traditional PhD (or 'Doctor of Philosophy') is the best-known advanced research qualification, but several other types of doctoral degree exist. Some of these are academic qualifications in specific subject areas. Others are professional doctorates with a slightly different format.

The way in which candidates study for a PhD is also becoming more varied, with the opportunity to research part time or even pursue a joint doctorate degree , awarded by more than one university.

But there's no need to be confused. This page explains and compares the options available to you.

Not sure where to start? Read our step by step guide to finding the right PhD .

Designed for experienced managers and business leaders, the DBA is a prestigious and highly-specialised professional doctoral degree.

Ideal for senior teachers and policy makers, an Education Doctorate combines advanced training with original research.

Joint PhD programmes involve collaboration between two (or more) different universities. So how does that work? Who can apply? And what are the advantages (and disadvantages) of researching in this way?

The PhD is the most common variety of doctorate, but others are awarded in specific disciplines or sometimes particular countries.

Integrated PhD programmes consist of a one-year Masters followed by three years of PhD research. Find out more about what it's like to study an integrated PhD, how to apply and the funding options available.

Thinking of applying for the Doctor of Engineering (EngD)? Our guide covers everything you need to know about the qualification, including costs, applications, programme content, and how it differs from a PhD.

Comparing PhD types

Wondering which type of doctorate degree is right for you? The following table offers a quick overview of the most common types of PhD and other doctorates:

Please note that this table doesn't include every type of doctorate. Many other subjects (and countries ) award their own specific qualifications, but we've covered some of the most popular here.

You can more about some of these degree types in our guide to different varieties of doctorate .

Understanding this table

The doctorates in the above table are divided into different types, as follows:

• Academic doctorates (such as the standard PhD) are usually awarded for original research and scholarship in traditional academic subjects. They can prepare a student for various careers, but their main focus is on broadening theoretical understanding of a subject, rather than improving professional practice.
• Professional doctorates are awarded for work that contributes directly to knowledge or practice in a specific vocational field. They still involve original research and analysis, but also incorporate more practical training and instruction. Candidates may require appropriate experience.
• Higher doctorates are usually awarded later in a person's career, as a means of recognising esteemed researchers or practitioners. Students do not normally enrol for these doctorates as traditional university degrees.
• Honorary doctorates are awarded to celebrate an individual's achievements. They do not require any specific track record of academic or professional work and can be granted at the discretion of a university. Students do not enrol for these doctorates.

As a prospective postgraduate student, you only really need to concern yourself with academic or professional research degrees.

We've included higher and honorary doctorates here in order to try and prevent them being confused with more 'conventional' PhDs (and to give you some inspiration for later in your career!).

DPhil vs PhD

Many people believe that the DPhil and PhD are different degrees. This is not true. ‘DPhil’ is an abbreviation of ‘Doctor of Philosophy’. Essentially, ‘DPhil’ and ‘PhD’ are two different ways of referring to the same doctoral degree.

‘DPhil’ is traditionally a British term and so only a few universities (most notably, the University of Oxford) still use it. Most universities around the world use the term ‘PhD’. While you might have to explain to a foreign employer what a DPhil is, you can be safe in the knowledge that both degrees are the same prestigious Doctor of Philosophy award.

Ready to start searching for a PhD ? You can filter our course search by topic, location, keywords and funding.

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Doctorate Degree: What Is a Doctorate or Doctoral Degree?

Maybe you recently completed a master’s degree program and want to take your education — and your earning potential — to a higher level. Maybe you’re a high school senior who’s planning on a future career that requires you to hold a doctorate degree, such as becoming a psychiatrist or surgeon. Or, maybe you’re currently working toward your master’s or bachelor’s degree, and you want to know more about whether continuing your education is worthwhile.

Whichever stage you’ve reached in your academic or professional career, this guide will help answer the crucial question: What is a doctorate or doctoral degree, and is earning one the right choice for you? It covers all of your FAQs about doctorate degree programs, including answers to questions like:

• Is a doctorate degree the same as a PhD?
• Are there different kinds of doctorate degrees?
• What are the stages of earning your doctoral degree?
• How much does a doctorate degree increase your earning potential?

If you’ve ever wondered about the answers to any of these questions, read on to discover the basics about doctoral degrees and PhD programs.

What is a Doctorate Degree?

A doctorate degree — also called a doctoral degree — is the most rigorous and advanced type of degree that a student can earn in any field of study. Regardless of which academic area is being studied, successful completion of a doctorate program demands years of intensive research — and the ability to contribute meaningful new data, solutions, theories, or analyses to the field. Professionals who obtain doctorate degrees have extensive experience and are regarded as authorities in their specialty areas. They are frequently sought after for consulting, management, or research positions in a variety of industries. By earning a doctorate degree, you can greatly enhance the power of your resume — and with it, your earning potential.

For more details on that subject, skip ahead to the section about average salaries for students who obtain doctorate degrees. Or, continue reading for the answer to one of our most frequently asked questions: is a doctorate degree the same as a PhD?

Doctorate vs. PhD Degrees

What’s the difference between a doctoral degree and a PhD? Put simply, a PhD or Doctor of Philosophy is a doctorate degree — but only one of several varieties. Read on to learn more about the major categories of doctoral degrees and some important ways in which they differ from one another.

Types of Doctoral Degrees

You already know that there are different types of graduate and undergraduate degrees, such as a Bachelor of Arts (BA) versus a Bachelor of Science (BS), or a Master of Business Administration (MBA) versus a Master of Public Administration (MPA). A similar idea applies to doctoral degrees, which are also divided into several categories. Namely, there are two different types of doctorate degrees that students should be aware of:

• Professional doctorate degrees
• Doctor of Philosophy degrees

The sections below will compare and contrast the important differences between these two-degree types.

Professional Doctorate Degrees

Professional doctoral degrees are also referred to as terminal or applied doctoral degrees. In contrast to PhD degrees, which the following section discusses in further detail, professional degrees place more of an emphasis on real-world problem-solving and the practical application of knowledge, as opposed to exploring new advancements or ideas in research and analysis.

Professional degrees are essential for those who wish to pursue certain career paths. For example, in addition to meeting other academic and professional criteria like passing the bar exam, you will need to obtain a Juris Doctor (JD) degree if your goal is to become an attorney. In addition to the JD for lawyers, here are four additional examples of professional or applied doctorate degrees:

• Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)
• Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD)
• Doctor of Social Work (DSW)

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Degrees

This category includes the Doctor of Philosophy or PhD degree, which is applicable to various fields, such as holding a PhD in economics or psychology. However, it also includes various degrees whose titles and abbreviations may sound less familiar. For instance, did you know that a Doctor of Arts is actually a type of PhD, despite being called a DA? Here are four other examples of PhD degrees:

• Doctor of Public Health (DPH)
• Doctor in Organizational Innovation (EdD)
• Doctor of Theology (ThD)
• Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

In contrast to a professional degree, such as a JD or DPH degree, a PhD is intensely research-oriented with a strong focus on presenting new knowledge or theories via the student’s dissertation. This is also the reason why PhD programs which have nothing to do with “philosophy” in the conventional sense are described using this term.

Steps To Obtain a Doctorate

Depending on factors like the format and pace of the program, it may require anywhere from three to eight years to obtain a doctorate degree, as the section below discusses in further detail. So what will you actually be doing as a student throughout that time?

To make your academic journey manageable and help ensure you remain focused on your goals, it’s important to have a clear road map to success. When comparing programs, it’s helpful to have an understanding of the four basic stages to earning your doctorate degree:

• Complete undergraduate and graduate degree programs to gain the prerequisite knowledge, training, skills, and qualifications you will need to enter your chosen doctoral program.
• Research and compare different options in detail, then apply to a doctorate program that’s aligned with your professional goals.
• Complete all of your coursework requirements.
• Complete an original dissertation on your chosen topic of research.

Read on to learn more about these key steps to earning a doctorate degree — and what will be required of you at each checkpoint. Or, if you’re ready to apply now, get in touch with our friendly team of enrollment counselors to learn more about the coursework and criteria for your program.

Step 1: Complete Your Undergraduate and Master’s Degree

Doctorate programs, which are growing more sought-after by students and employers alike, have rigorous and competitive application requirements. In addition to meeting other criteria which vary by institution and major, students will also generally need to possess a graduate or undergraduate degree, such as a bachelor’s degree, from an accredited college or university.

If you’re at the beginning of your academic journey and are applying to undergraduate programs, you should strongly consider selecting a program that is directly relevant to the master’s and/or doctorate program you intend to eventually enroll in — for example, mapping out a career in healthcare that begins with your Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) and culminates with a doctorate, like your Doctor of Clinical Psychology (PsyD). However, it’s also possible to change careers if you’ve already completed your undergraduate degree.

With online classes and accelerated coursework, plus the option to transfer credits, National University provides the framework for you to launch or advance a rewarding career — no matter which stage of your journey you’ve reached. Explore our accredited master’s degree programs and bachelor’s degree programs for graduate and undergraduate students.

Step 2: Apply to Doctorate Programs

A doctorate program is a major investment in terms of the time, effort, and dedication required to reach your goals. It’s important to select a program that is not only reputable and accredited, but also, one that provides the support and flexibility you need in terms of scholarships and financial aid options ; is designed to help you complete your degree at an accelerated pace; features resources for U.S. military service members and Veterans, which you can learn more about here; and offers the option to complete portions of your doctorate coursework online.

National University offers three WASC-accredited doctoral programs in the fields of healthcare, psychology, and education, which you can read more about below. For additional information, contact our admissions office online or explore the following program pages.

• Doctor of Clinical Psychology Program (PsyD) — Students in our PsyD program complete a total of 180 program units covering coursework like Group Dynamics, Informed Treatment Planning, and Psychopharmacology. The PsyD program at National University is comprised of Ethnographic Placement, Beginning Practicum, Advanced Practicum, and Predoctoral Internship components culminating in a dissertation, and is designed to prepare students for roles as consultants, clinicians, evaluators, program administrators, and more.
• Doctor of Nurse Anesthesia Practice (DNAP) — The Doctor of Nurse Anesthesia Practice, or DNAP degree, is a fast-paced, three-year hybrid program that integrates online coursework with a 15-month didactic residency at NU’s Fresno campus. The DNAP degree program at National University prepares students for challenging roles in anesthesia care delivery via coursework like Anesthesia Pharmacology, Principles of Anesthesia, and Anesthesia Physiology, along with clinical rotations and a capstone project.
• Ed.D. in Organizational Innovation — Organizational innovation is an exciting academic field that looks at how to design and implement visionary solutions to a variety of challenges facing businesses, government entities, and other organizations. Coursework includes Innovation Theories and Application, Knowledge Management for Innovation, and Emerging Issues and Trends, concluding with a culminating project.

Step 3: Complete Program Coursework

In a doctoral degree program, students will typically complete a blend of core or required courses, seminars, practicums, labs, and electives, ultimately culminating in a dissertation or capstone project. Of course, as with any bachelor’s or master’s degree program, the specific nature and focus of your coursework is dependent on your area of study. For example, students in the Ed.D. program at National University complete mandatory courses in innovation theory and methods of inquiry, whereas students in our PsyD program are required to complete courses in subjects such as psychopathology, clinical theory, and multicultural awareness.

Whether it consists primarily of online or in-person study, you can expect your doctorate coursework to be rigorous. By this stage of your academic career, you’ll have completed your basic education and training and moved onto more challenging and scholarly areas of research, tackling complex real-world problems and presenting innovative, potentially even experimental solutions.

Step 4: Complete Your Dissertation

Most doctorate programs culminate in a major research project known as a dissertation, in which the student contributes to the scholarly body of work in their field by presenting their own original theories, research, or data analysis, or by building meaningfully upon the work of previous scholars and researchers. A dissertation usually takes the form of a written paper ranging anywhere in length from 100 to 300 pages, depending on the volume of data and complexity of the subject matter.

How Long Does it Take to Earn a Doctorate?

The time it takes to finish a doctorate program and earn your degree varies. However, most doctorate programs require anywhere from three to eight years to complete. The exact length of time depends on factors like the structure of your degree program; whether or not you decide to work and/or take time off between any of your courses; whether you attend your program on a full-time or part-time basis; the amount of time it takes you to finish researching, writing, and editing your dissertation; and, of course, which degree you’re pursuing.

At National University, our flexibly scheduled yet aggressively paced programs enable students to complete their education sooner — and advance along their chosen career paths faster. For example, our PsyD program may be completed in five years, while our Ed.D. and DNAP programs may be completed in as little as just three years, including options to complete portions of the program online while also integrating hands-on experience like the residency component of our accredited DNAP degree.

Demand for Doctoral Degrees

The demand for doctoral degrees continues to grow as industries seek highly specialized knowledge and advanced research skills. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), employment in doctoral and professional-level occupations is projected to grow by about 13% from 2016 to 2026, which is faster than the average growth rate for all occupations​. This increasing demand is particularly evident in fields such as healthcare, education, and technology, where the expertise and innovation brought by doctoral graduates are highly valued.

Salary Expectations for a Doctorate Degree

Pursuing a doctorate degree will expose you to new challenges and place you on the cutting edge of exciting new research in your field — and from a financial perspective, your degree will also help you to qualify for higher paid, more specialized positions. A doctorate degree or other advanced degree can also help you stand out favorably from other job applicants. So just how much can you expect to earn with a doctoral degree, depending on your chosen field and career?

According to data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), holding a doctoral degree is correlated with increased earnings, as you can see in the following table . For example, the BLS reports that holders of doctorate degrees earned median weekly pay of approximately $1,900, compared to that of master’s degree holders (about $1,570) or the holders of bachelor’s and associate’s degrees (about $1,330 and $960, respectively). While pursuing a doctorate degree requires an investment in your education, it also offers a worthwhile return in the form of enhanced lifelong earning power — especially if you are able to qualify for scholarships and/or financial aid.

Who Is a Good Fit for a Doctoral Program?

Doctoral programs are ideal for individuals with a passion for deep research and a commitment to advancing knowledge in their field. “At NU, our Doctoral programs are specifically designed to accommodate non-traditional working students with many different competing responsibilities, from individuals being employed full-time and raising children to military service members serving across the globe… thus, our flexible online approach to learning combined with individualized mentoring from our faculty truly supports these busy and demanding schedules, assisting our students to realize their dream of earning a doctorate, and going on to do great things for themselves, their families, and for others in their communities,” says Andy Riggle, Associate Vice President, O ffice of Graduate Studies .

Ready to Take the Next Step in Your Career?

A doctorate degree enhances your marketability when applying for a wide range of jobs, qualifying you for complex managerial and leadership roles in fields ranging from medicine to psychology to engineering to law. Challenge yourself and elevate your career by taking the first steps toward a doctoral degree today. Contact our admissions office to learn more about the doctorate programs we offer and how they are accredited, or apply online today.

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• PhD/Doctorate

The difference between a PhD and professional doctorate

March 27, 2018

What’s the difference between a PhD and a professional doctorate?

Some people say that a PhD prepares you to teach, while a professional doctorate is more geared toward a professional career. But the answer to the question is more complex.

Leaders in corporate organizations often benefit greatly from having a PhD, and individuals with a professional doctorate may hold adjunct or even regular faculty posts at universities. Everyone who obtains a doctoral degree from Capella University is a scholar-practitioner—meaning they are equipped with a deep understanding of foundational theory and how it directly applies to the current and future needs of their profession, as well as the skills and knowledge to research, teach, consult, and lead.

Deciding whether to pursue a PhD or professional doctorate can be a complex process. The differences between the two doctoral program types vary in every field—and they are also evolving. In terms of programs at Capella, all doctoral programs require coursework and an independent research project. Some require comprehensive exams, and many include residencies.

The primary difference between PhD and professional doctorate programs is the type of research conducted in the independent research phase.

PhD students are expected to create, expand, and contribute to knowledge, research, and theory in their field of study. This kind of discovery is often called original research.

Professional doctorate students are expected to expand and apply existing knowledge and research to existing problems in their professional field. This is often referred to as applied research.

The following graphic shows the differences between a PhD program and a professional doctorate program:

• Degree Focus
• Independent Research Project
• Career Intention*

Contribute new knowledge aimed at solving real-world problems.

Professional Doctorate

Apply existing knowledge aimed at solving real-world problems.

Five-chapter dissertation.

Five-chapter applied dissertation or paper, product, or portfolio

More interest in consulting and/or conducting research.

More interest in practicing directly in the profession.

*In many instances, both a PhD and professional doctorate prepare students for teaching at the college or university level.

Ultimately, deciding whether to pursue a PhD or professional doctorate in your field of study should start with assessing your career goals  and how you plan to apply your degree, and determining the kind of research that interests you most.

Capella University offers PhD and/or professional doctorate degree programs in business, information technology, education, nursing, health care, psychology, counseling, social work, and public service. Learn more about Capella’s doctoral degree programs.

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Applied Doctorate vs. Ph.D.: What are the Differences?

Making a choice between two similar but different things can be a challenge.

Oh, sure, some things don’t fall under the “do-or-die” category of decision making. With some things, there simply is no wrong choice.

Take a sports car versus an SUV, for example. Either is a great choice, depending on your budget, your lifestyle and your personal preferences.

What about an angus beef burger versus a textured soy protein patty? When it comes to radically opposing food choices, there’s usually a clear-cut winner.

Yet what about the more important things in life … like your career, your future and your doctoral education?

You already know the drill when it comes to deciding if a Ph.D. or doctorate is right for you:

• Investigate each type of degree program.
• Make a list of personal and professional pros and cons for each type of degree.
• Seek the wise counsel of colleagues, academic advisors and professional mentors.
• Make a confident decision about which degree is right for.

But first, let’s define the Ph.D. and the professional doctorate and then look at how they’re different from one another.

What is a Ph.D.?

A Ph.D., or Doctor of Philosophy, is a high-level degree earned after a period of three or more years of graduate-level study, culminating in the creation, submission, presentation and defense of a research dissertation.

The Ph.D. can be awarded in a wide variety of fields, including the sciences, engineering and humanities. The term “philosophy,” according to Wikipedia, “does not refer solely to the field or academic disciple of philosophy, but is used in a broader sense in accordance with its original Greek meaning, which is ‘love of wisdom.’”

For some professions, such as university professor or researcher, the Ph.D. is pretty much de rigueur. Most Ph.D.s are earned as a means of contributing original research findings to an academic community, field of study or professional discipline.  

Earning a doctorate is challenging and rewarding, but do you know what to really expect? Download this free guide for tips and insights to help you prepare for success.  

What is an applied professional doctorate.

This doctorate is an advanced, high-level degree, too, earned after a period of three or more years of graduate-level study across a wide variety of disciplines. Like the Ph.D. it, too, culminates in the creation, submission, presentation and defense of a research dissertation or similar type of comprehensive final project.

The professional doctorate is also a research-based degree, only it emphasizes looking at existing bodies of knowledge and raising questions for the purposes of solving a problem and applying theories to a real-world setting.

Applied doctorate degrees first became well established in the United Kingdom and Australia and were initially offered in the United States by for-profit colleges and universities. Employer demand for higher skill levels and actionable problem-solving, however, opened up new programs at accredited non-profit institutions.

Different than a theoretical, Ph.D. degree, the professional doctorate is often the best terminal degree for the working professional who’s driven to lead and innovate.

Applied doctoral degree programs offer the opportunity to earn a practical degree that enables both subject mastery and field application.

What is the difference between the Ph.D. and doctorate?

It’s often assumed that a Ph.D. is a teaching-only degree while a professional doctorate is for the corporate player. The truth is, either degree can be valued in an academic or professional setting, depending on the type of institution or organization. Furthermore, either degree could be right for you.

Dr. Christopher Washington, Franklin University’s provost and chief academic officer explains the fundamental difference between the Ph.D. and the applied professional doctorate degree this way:

“With a Ph.D., you generate new theory. With the professional doctorate, you start from a place of practice and what’s going on in the world. You look at existing bodies of knowledge to see what theories have been created. Then you raise questions to determine how to design experiences that test theory to practice. In cultivating these types of practitioner-oriented scholars, there’s potential for a stronger and better relationship between the scholar and the community he or she serves. Such a connection helps us convene people to tackle the hard questions.”

Here we offer a side-by-side comparison of the Ph.D. and the professional doctorate to further demonstrate the differences (and similarities):

As you can see, the differences between the Ph.D. and the applied doctorate are few – and many – most of which are directly related to how earning the degree will impact your career.

Here are a few questions to ask yourself before deciding which degree is right for you :

• Do you want to conduct research or analyze and apply it?
• Do you want to work in an academic or professional setting?
• Do you want to identify problems or lead solutions to them?

Explains Dr. Washington, “If you want to generate new theory and conduct pure science within the pursuit of an academic life, then the Ph.D. is probably more in line with what you’ll need. If, however, you want to advance knowledge within a complex, global practice context while challenging yourself professionally, consider the applied doctorate degree.”

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The Difference Between a Doctoral Degree and a Ph.D.

What Does a PhD Degree Stand For?

Many people do not understand what "Ph.D." means. Many know that it is an academic degree of some sort, but even among students still in school, the difference between a doctoral degree and a Ph.D. can still be confusing. The answer to the question "Is there a difference between a doctorate and a Ph.D.?" is yes and no.

What Is a Doctorate Degree?

A doctorate degree is the highest degree attainable in an academic field of study. A doctorate degree indicates that an individual has studied as much as possible in the area of his chosen field. It also indicates that the holder has found ways through his dissertation and course of study to add something new to the discipline and has provided a valuable new piece of scholarship to the field.

Generally, a doctorate degree is attained after several years of study in the chosen field. This does not need to be continuous study. Often, students enter their doctorate program years after they have spent time working in their chosen field. Other times, after pursuing a master's degree, a student will decide that she would like to become a professor. A doctorate is often pursued as a means of attaining that goal.

A doctorate degree is the most advanced degree an individual can achieve across disciplines. People who have received a doctorate degree in order to practice their profession include medical doctors, dentists, psychiatrists, psychologists and public school principals. However, the designation is different in various professions, which means a doctorate is not necessarily the same thing as a Ph.D.

Doctorate Degree vs. Ph.D.

The difference between a doctorate degree and a Ph.D. can sometimes be confusing, even to people who are in the field of academia themselves. A doctorate is a catch-all term, standing for the highest-attainable degree in a given discipline. The Ph.D., however, stands for "Doctor of Philosophy" and is a kind of doctorate degree, but not all doctorate degrees are Ph.D.s.

Despite the language in the title, a Ph.D. does not only refer to someone who has attained a very advanced degree in the field of philosophy. On the contrary, "Doctor of Philosophy" simply means that the person has achieved the highest-possible degree in his course of study in the humanities. A Ph.D. in divinity, a Ph.D. in philosophy and a Ph.D. in literature all fall under the umbrella of Doctor of Philosophy degrees.

Are There Doctorates Besides the Ph.D.?

The Ph.D. is the most advanced degree in a field of study, but particular fields of study have their own titles for advanced degrees. These are, generally speaking, degrees that are less directed at research and philosophy of the discipline and are earned mostly toward a professional end.

These doctorates are still formidable and still indicate a tremendous amount of study and work on the part of the degree holder. The difference is that the goal is applying the study to a particular profession rather than conducting research with the end goal of scholarship.

What Doctorates Are There Besides a Ph.D.?

There are other varieties of doctorate degrees. One of the most familiar is the M.D. This is the medical doctorate degree. It means that the individual has attained the highest level of education in the field of medicine.

A Psy.D. is a degree indicating that the individual has earned the highest level of scholarship in the study of clinical psychology. A D.D.S is a doctorate degree in the field of dentistry, as is a D.M.D.

There are numerous other doctorate degrees that are not Ph.D.s. Likewise, the difference between an LLD and a Ph.D. is that the LLD is a doctorate-level degree in the study of law. A D.Tech degree is a doctorate degree in the field of technology.

What Is a Doctoral Student?

A doctoral student can be defined as anybody currently pursuing a doctorate degree in any field of study. This generally means that the person is pursuing a Ph.D. or another similar degree and that they are enrolled in a Ph.D. or doctoral program.

In the case of medical students, it usually means that the student is currently enrolled in medical school or is completing her residency. Anyone who is currently in a program that will result in holding a Ph.D. or another kind of doctorate degree can be said to be a doctoral student.

What Is the Structure of a Doctoral Program?

Doctoral studies are different from study for a master's degree or bachelor's degree. During a period of undergraduate study, the student generally spends his time in seminars and lectures, reading and researching and often writing papers or completing projects pertaining to his coursework. At the master's level, the curriculum is much the same, although the coursework may be replaced with fieldwork in certain cases, and there is a greater emphasis on students conducting their own research. There may be more in the way of papers, presentations and projects versus the tests and lectures that characterize undergraduate work.

However, when students are pursuing a Ph.D. or a doctoral degree of any sort, they are practicing scholarship. This means that they don't attend as many lectures or seminars on their subject but instead spend most of their time researching their own independent projects, teaching undergraduate courses and generally helping to further their field of scholarship.

The culmination of a Ph.D. program is the defense of a student's dissertation, which is the extensive study project on which he has spent his program working. This project must be defensible to a committee of professors who are expecting that the student has contributed something valuable and new to the field of scholarship.

Does Having a Doctorate Mean You're a Doctor?

It's a common misconception that having a doctorate means you are a doctor. In some contexts this is true, but in others, it can be confusing. Colloquially, in the United States, the word "doctor" is typically understood to mean a physician. A physician is a medical doctor who has earned her M.D., or doctorate of medicine. This is the highest and most advanced degree attainable in the medical field.

However, anyone who receives a Ph.D. or doctoral degree can be considered to be a doctor of her particular field. Someone who has earned a Ph.D. in education is a doctor of education. Someone who has earned a Ph.D. in history is a doctor of history, and so on. In other words, the only doctorate degree that refers to a medical doctor is the M.D. Dentists are also considered doctors because they've achieved the highest degree in their particular field – D.D.S. or D.M.D. – but they are not considered medical doctors.

It is a good idea to check with someone who has a Ph.D. to see how she likes to be addressed. Many people don't require that they are addressed as "Dr." and prefer to use the salutation "Mr." or "Mrs." because calling people "Dr." often gives the impression that they're a medical doctor, which can be confusing. However, some people do ask that the amount of time and study they have given to their discipline be recognized by the use of the salutation "Dr.," so it is always wise to check individual preference to avoid offense.

Is a Doctorate Higher Than a Master's?

A doctorate degree is the highest degree that one can attain in any discipline and is therefore higher than a master's degree. A master's degree is usually the degree that students get after completing a bachelor's and deciding that they would like to pursue further study in a particular area. A master's degree generally involves more advanced coursework than a bachelor's degree, and unlike a more general B.A. or B.S., it is devoted exclusively to study in one particular discipline.

Despite the fact that a doctorate degree is considered higher than a master's degree, a master's degree is still considered a significant accomplishment. A master's degree holder is considered to be a specialist in his field and in many cases may teach at the college level without having pursued a Ph.D., although a tenure-track position without a doctorate is harder to obtain.

There are many jobs where a master's in the discipline is required for eligibility. Master's degree candidates must also put in many hours of research in order to earn their degree and in many cases may choose to publish their writing in academic journals or other publications.

Can You Get a Ph.D. Without a Master's Degree?

There are some cases in which a student may advance to a Ph.D. program without having gone through a master's program. These programs are often longer than a typical Ph.D. program and incorporate some amount of the coursework that a student would expect to undertake during a master's program.

Therefore, it is not always required to earn a master's before going on to pursue a doctorate or Ph.D., but that is the most typical path to earning an advanced degree. Most schools require that previous study.

What Is the Difference Between a D.Tech and a Ph.D.?

The D.Tech degree is a degree with which many Americans are unfamiliar. The D.Tech degree is the name given to the most advanced degree that one can pursue in the field of technology. The D.Tech has various names depending on the country in which it is awarded.

In some countries, the D.Tech is given the same sort of weight as a doctorate degree. In other countries, it is considered far less significant. In South Africa, for example, the D.Tech is given the same weight as other research doctorates, but in countries like the United States, it is considered to be closer to a professional certification.

In the United States, the National Science Foundation initially recognized the D.Tech as equivalent to a Doctor of Philosophy degree. However, in 2008, the D.Tech was re-evaluated and found to be closer to a degree reflecting a professional pursuit. It was decided that the D.Tech did not meet the criteria for a research doctorate, and it is instead considered in a professional category rather than a research category.

What Is a Research Doctorate?

The distinctions in degrees and their weights are important, particularly given the fact that different countries consider these degrees with varying levels of importance. In the United States, the emphasis placed on a research doctorate is significant. This is because it indicates that the degree holder doesn't only have a professional understanding of the discipline but has conducted significant research and has done the kind of writing and teaching that furthers the scholarship of the discipline.

This is particularly important to distinguish Ph.D. holders who have written dissertations or conducted projects that have significantly advanced the scholarship in their field. By moving the D.Tech to a designation outside of research doctorates, the National Science Foundation intended to truly honor those scholars who have made such valuable contributions to their subjects.

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Ashley Friedman is a freelance writer with experience writing about education for a variety of organizations and educational institutions as well as online media sites. She has written for Pearson Education, The University of Miami, The New York City Teaching Fellows, New Visions for Public Schools, and a number of independent secondary schools. She lives in Los Angeles.

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Comparing the differences between MD vs. PhD vs. professional doctorate

By Michael Feder

This article has been vetted by University of Phoenix's editorial advisory committee.  Read more about our editorial process.

Reviewed by Marc Booker, PhD, Vice Provost, Strategy

At a glance

• MD is the abbreviation for Doctor of Medicine and PhD stands for Doctor of Philosophy. These are two types of doctoral degrees in addition to professional doctorates. 
• An MD is a doctoral degree for medical professionals, while a PhD is an academic degree focused on original research. Somewhat similar to a PhD are professional doctorates, which focus on applying practical research to problems in workplaces or communities.   
• A professional or practice-based doctorate (EdD, DBA, etc.) can be medical, and others are for scholar-practitioners in disciplines like education, business or psychology.
• University of Phoenix does not offer MD or PhD programs, but students can earn a doctorate in business, nursing, education or healthcare that allows them to build upon their industry expertise. Learn more about the differences between these degree programs and if one of the  five doctoral programs  at University of Phoenix is right for you !

What is a doctorate? Breaking down the three types

Some people might confuse an  MD (Doctor of Medicine)  with a  PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) , and vice versa. While both an MD and a PhD are prestigious degrees near the top of the  academic ladder , they each have a different meaning and come with very  different requirements .

Different still from both of those degrees are professional doctorates, which allow industry professionals to translate their education and experience into credibility and leadership through research. Professional doctorates have similar requirements to PhDs, such as a dissertation and residency, but focus on the application of research and professional growth over original research.

Upon graduation, those who have earned any of these three degrees can call themselves a “doctor,” but the path to a degree, the purpose behind it and its applications vary based on the choice. MD graduates want to work in medicine and healthcare. PhDs want to bring new knowledge and research to the world. A practice-based doctoral graduate wants to grow in their professional expertise. (If the last one sounds like you, University of Phoenix can help!)

Keep reading to learn more about these doctoral programs and which is right for you.

What does MD stand for?

MD is an abbreviation for Doctor of Medicine and identifies a  medical practitioner  who has completed undergraduate studies and four years of medical school. An MD program teaches medical students about the human body and diseases through a combination of classroom instruction and hands-on clinical labs.

Several  types of physicians  might have this degree, depending on their area of study. For example, medical practitioners with an MD degree might become a medical doctor and potentially specialize in dermatology, cardiovascular disease, family medicine, oncology, pediatrics, neurology or preventive medicine. As you can see, this degree  can lead to a variety of career paths , depending on which specialty interests you and what your medical education is.

Learn more about online doctoral degrees at University of Phoenix. 

How to earn an MD

Becoming a Doctor of Medicine  requires a significant investment of time and money, but the reward can be well worth it. Before medical school, you’ll need to  take the Medical College Admission Test  (MCAT ® ) and earn a passing score. You’ll also need to build a portfolio of coursework and experience to help you gain admittance to medical school.

Medical school typically takes students four years to complete. You’ll learn the latest techniques and approaches for patient assessment, diagnosis and treatment. Medical schools commonly provide a combination of classroom,  research and clinical experience . You’ll work alongside peers and healthcare professionals as you develop skills in general medicine.

You’ll choose a field to specialize in during your final year of medical school. Students have more than 120 options to choose from when specializing, including  primary care,   pediatrics, geriatrics, emergency medicine and family medicine .

After graduating, you’ll complete residency training to further develop skills in your specialty. Residency typically lasts three to seven years, depending on the field you’ve selected. During the residency portion of your education, you’ll treat patients under the supervision of more experienced physicians.

Even after you begin to practice as an MD,  the educational portion of your career never stops . As practices change, patient needs evolve and research continues, MDs benefit from ongoing education to stay current.

What does PhD stand for?

A PhD, or  Doctor of Philosophy , is a doctoral degree that recognizes graduates who have completed a full postsecondary program. Students can earn a PhD in more fields than philosophy. After completing the necessary coursework, original research and hands-on experience, you can earn a PhD in fields like science, the humanities and engineering.

Earning a PhD can help unlock a wide range of potential career opportunities. Computer engineers, research scientists, statisticians, healthcare administrators, professors, chemists and other careers commonly require a PhD degree, in addition to appropriate undergraduate study.

How to earn a PhD

Becoming a PhD is also a  serious commitment  that requires an investment of  time, money and energy .

Here is what’s typically required to become a PhD:

• Complete a bachelor’s degree in your field
• Complete a master’s degree in an appropriate field
• Pass any program entrance exams
• Fulfill coursework, research and hands-on lab requirements in your program
• Finalize and defend your dissertation as a  doctoral candidate  (unless your program specifies otherwise)

It’s important to note that many PhD  programs have different requirements , prerequisites and parameters for students. Check with your preferred institution for a more detailed explanation of these requirements.

What is a professional doctorate?

While some professional or practice-based doctorate programs are medical,  others are designed for professionals in other fields . These programs are meant for  scholar-practitioners  in disciplines like education, business or psychology. One of the key differences between this degree and a PhD is the focus on applying research to a professional setting rather than conducting theoretical and research-focused studies. Often, programs are differentiated as academic versus professional.

Examples of doctoral degrees are Doctor of Education, Doctor of Nursing Practice and Doctor of Business Administration. Each of these programs focuses on a specific discipline and applying research in those areas to a professional setting.

How to earn a doctorate

While  practitioner doctoral programs  teach different skills, they all share common requirements. You’ll need to  complete a bachelor’s degree  in your field and sometimes a master’s degree, depending on program requirements.

After completing the necessary coursework and research, students also typically need to finish a supervised thesis and defend their dissertation or capstone project-specific coursework, research and hands-on labs alongside other students in the same field. However, this will depend on the specific program and its requirements.

What does the title “Dr.” really mean?

The term “doctor” or “Dr.” is commonly used today to describe a wide variety of occupations. Students who complete a doctoral degree can earn the title of “Dr.” even though they earned their credentials in a non-medical field like education or business management.

While a variety of professionals can earn a doctorate, the term is often still  reserved for medical practitioners . In conventional use,  doctors typically refer to medical physicians . However, it is appropriate to use “Dr.” if you graduated from any of the three programs discussed above.  

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What is doctoral candidacy?

Practitioner doctoral degree programs at university of phoenix.

While University of Phoenix (UOPX)  does not have  MD or PhD programs, it does offer several professional doctoral degrees that can be earned completely online. Students might choose the UOPX programs because classes are flexible and offered online, and because of the University’s unique “ Scholar-Practitioner-Leader model .”

If you are curious about a doctoral degree, the following programs are available at UOPX:

• Doctor of Business Administration  — This doctorate can help you gain strategic vision and skills to position yourself as a business leader. It explores how to solve organizational problems, how to design and conduct research studies, how to introduce innovative business ideas to the industry and more.
• Doctor of Management   — This doctorate equips you with critical thinking skills to find creative solutions to complex problems.
• Doctor of Education  — This doctoral program prepares you to use analytical, critical and innovative thinking to improve performance and solve complex problems in education.
• Doctor of Health Administration  — If you’re a health professional who is seeking greater responsibility in shaping the future of the health sector, this doctorate can help you meet the challenges inherent to today’s healthcare landscape, including economic fluctuations, burgeoning patient needs and industry-changing legislation.
• Doctor of Nursing Practice  — This doctorate is designed for working nurses who require a doctorate for advanced practice or nurses who desire their terminal degree. It does not prepare students for professional certification or state licensure as a nurse or as an advanced practice nurse.

These doctoral studies are only some of the many options for professionals who want to gain the  highest academic credentials  in their fields. Doctoral programs offer significant benefits to program graduates, including  newly developed skills , insight into field trends, hands-on research opportunities and  leadership capabilities .

Completing a doctoral program is also a strong indication to employers that you’re serious about your career and your field. With so many options for advanced study, these programs are available for most major fields. Even if you have already completed a bachelor’s or master’s degree in your discipline, a doctorate lends further credibility to your reputation and  can help prepare you for a leadership position .

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Michael Feder is a content marketing specialist at University of Phoenix, where he researches and writes on a variety of topics, ranging from healthcare to IT. He is a graduate of the Johns Hopkins University Writing Seminars program and a New Jersey native!

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Should I get a Doctor of Education (EdD) Degree?

Online degrees.

September 08, 2022 • 9 minutes

What Does a Postsecondary Education Entail?

June 29, 2023 • 9 minutes

MD vs. PhD vs. Professional Doctorate Comparison

June 22, 2023 • 8 minutes

EdD vs. PhD in Education: What’s the Difference?

Career Advice & Advancement Industry Advice Education

If you’re interested in pursuing a doctoral degree in education, one of the first questions you’ll face is: Should I apply for a Doctor of Education (EdD) or a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Education?

The decision between these two culminating degrees can be career-defining as each serves a very different purpose despite being equivalent in level. In order to ensure you choose the path that best aligns with your future goals and career path, it’s important to take the time to first understand the differences in program curriculum and future career opportunities that relate to each degree.

Read on to learn about the defining qualities and key differences of an EdD and a PhD in Education to determine which program is the right fit for you.

EdD vs. PhD in Education

A Doctor of Education  is a professional degree designed for practitioners pursuing educational leadership roles. A Doctor of Philosophy in Education , on the other hand, is designed to prepare graduates for research and teaching roles.

“With a PhD, [students are] reviewing the research, seeing a gap in the literature, and generating new knowledge based on a theory or hypothesis,” says Joseph McNabb , a professor of practice in Northeastern’s Graduate School of Education . “Conversely, an EdD student starts with a problem of practice and [works to learn] the skills it will take to resolve that complex problem of practice.”

What is an EdD degree?

An EdD, or Doctor of Education , is a professional doctorate best suited for experienced educators and mid- to senior-level working professionals who want to lead and implement change within their organization.

EdD candidates work in a broad range of fields ranging from K-12 and higher education to nonprofits, government, healthcare, and the military. What each share is a desire to transform their everyday environment and apply the lessons learned through their doctorate to a complex, critical issue facing their workplace. 

The EdD is practice-based. Students in an EdD program don’t want to just research their area of interest, but leverage that research in ways that could positively influence their community or organization’s decision-making process.

Learn More: 5 Tips for Choosing Your EdD Concentration

Those who pursue an EdD focus on qualitative, exploratory research. Students collect data and conduct individual interviews, observations, or focus groups to construct hypotheses and develop strategies that can help solve or clarify a specific problem of practice, such as how to support student veterans transitioning to civilian life or how to foster more female leaders in higher education—two dissertation topics recently explored through Northeastern’s EdD program .

What can you do with an EdD Degree?

While an EdD can be applied to a variety of industries and career options—such as K-12, higher education, the nonprofit sector, or civic service—there are several job titles you’ll likely come across within your cohort of classmates. They include:

• Postsecondary education administrators: Postsecondary education administrators work in colleges or universities, and typically oversee faculty research, academics, admissions, or student affairs. Some job titles that fall under this category include president, vice president, provost, and dean. The average annual salary for a postsecondary education administrator rings in at $102,610 .
• Elementary and secondary school education administrators: Superintendents, who are the top executives of a school district, fall under this category. They manage academic programs, spending, and the staffing of all educational facilities within their district, and typically earn an average of $111,020 per year .
• Top executives : In education, a top executive could be a “chief learning officer” or “chief academic officer”—senior-level professionals who drive and develop strategies that help their organization meet critical business goals. Top executives make an average of $103,840 per year .
• Instructional coordinators : Instructional coordinators create and manage school curricula and other educational materials. They help teachers implement effective classroom learning strategies and measure the effectiveness of what’s being taught and how. The average annual salary for instructional coordinators is $74,620 .

These are just a few of the many career opportunities available to EdD graduates.

Learn More: 8 Careers You Can Pursue with a Doctorate in Education

What is a PhD in Education?

A PhD in Education is a terminal degree best suited for individuals who want to pursue a career in academia or research at the university level.

Students in PhD or doctoral programs take a more theoretical, study-based approach to learning. In most cases, their goal is to master a specific subject or add their unique findings to a body of existing literature. PhD candidates conduct original research in the hopes of driving change in their field or inspiring others to make change based on their work.

A PhD is the degree most popular amongst those who aspire to become a professor or obtain a tenure position. Through these programs, students tend to focus on getting published in well-respected journals, presenting at national conferences, and learning how to teach future educators.

What can you do with a PhD in Education?

While some of the above roles can also be earned through a PhD program, the most common job titles for PhD-holders include:

• Postsecondary teachers: Postsecondary teachers instruct students at a college or university. When they’re not in the classroom, they’re often focused on conducting research, attending conferences, and publishing scholarly papers and books. Postsecondary teachers earn an average $84,380 per year .
• Academic researcher : Researchers often have the opportunity to create their own centers or institutes, hire staff to help carry out their work, and secure funding for that work. Salaries often vary by subject area, but a general academic researcher typically earns an average of $85,234 per year .

EdD or PhD: Which is better for you?

Once you’ve explored the differences between an EdD and PhD in Education, the most relevant question to consider will be: What’s the next step I want to take in my career, and which degree can help me achieve my professional goals? The answer to this question will determine which degree program you ultimately pursue.

Earning your doctorate can pay off no matter which path you choose. Professionals with a doctoral degree earn an average of $109,668 a year —far more than master’s degree holders. Similarly, doctoral degree holders see an unemployment rate of only 1.6% compared to the national unemployment rate of 2%.

Regardless of which degree you ultimately pursue, there is enormous potential for you to advance your career in the field of education. Evaluating your needs and values will help you understand whether an EdD or PhD in Education is best suited to your personal and professional goals.

Editor’s Note: This article was originally published in July 2017. It has since been updated for accuracy and relevance.

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• Applying to graduate school
• Master’s vs PhD | A Complete Guide to the Differences

Master's vs PhD | A Complete Guide to the Differences

Published on November 27, 2020 by Lauren Thomas . Revised on May 10, 2024.

The two most common types of graduate degrees are master’s and doctoral degrees:

• A master’s is a 1–2 year degree that can prepare you for a multitude of careers.
• A PhD, or doctoral degree, takes 3–7 years to complete (depending on the country) and prepares you for a career in academic research.

A master’s is also the necessary first step to a PhD. In the US, the master’s is built into PhD programs, while in most other countries, a separate master’s degree is required before applying for PhDs.

Master’s are far more common than PhDs. In the US, 24 million people have master’s or professional degrees, whereas only 4.5 million have doctorates.

Table of contents

Master’s vs phd at a glance, which is right for you, length of time required, career prospects, costs and salaries, application process, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about master's and phd degrees.

The table below shows the key differences between the two.

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A PhD is right for you if:

• Your goal is to become a professor at a university or some other type of professional researcher.
• You love research and are passionate about discovering the answer to a particular question.
• You are willing to spend years pursuing your research even if you have to put up with a lot of dead ends and roadblocks.

A master’s degree is the better choice if any of the following apply:

• You want to continue studies in your field, but you’re not committed to a career as a professional researcher.
• You want to develop professional skills for a specific career.
• You are willing to pay a higher upfront cost if it means finishing with your degree (and thus being able to work) much faster.
• You want the option to study part-time while working.

The length of time required to complete a PhD or master’s degree varies. Unsurprisingly, PhDs take much longer, usually between 3–7 years. Master’s degrees are usually only 1–2 years.

Length of a master’s

Master’s degrees are usually 2 years, although 1-year master’s degrees also exist, mainly in the UK.

Most of the degree consists of classes and coursework, although many master’s programs include an intensive, semester-long master’s thesis or capstone project in which students bring together all they’ve learned to produce an original piece of work.

Length of a PhD

In the US, a PhD usually takes between 5 and 7 years to complete. The first 2 years are spent on coursework. Students, even those who choose to leave without finishing the program, usually receive a master’s degree at this point.

The next 3–5 years are spent preparing a dissertation —a lengthy piece of writing based on independent research, which aims to make a significant original contribution to one’s field.

Master’s degrees tend to prepare you for a career outside of academia, while PhDs are designed to lead to a career in research.

Careers for master’s graduates

There are two types of master’s degrees: terminal and research-intensive. The career prospects are different for each.

Terminal master’s degrees are intended to prepare students for careers outside of academia. Some degrees, known as professional degrees, specifically prepare students for particular professions; these include the Master of Public Policy (MPP), Master of Business Administration (MBA), Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT), Master of Fine Arts (MFA), and Master of Public Health (MPH) degrees.

Other master’s degrees, usually Master of Arts (MA) or Master of Sciences (MS or MSc) degrees, do not necessarily lead to a specific career, but are intended to be a final degree. Examples include an MS in Communications or MS in Data Analytics.

In research-intensive master’s programs, students take coursework intended to prepare them for writing an original piece of research known as the master’s thesis . Such programs are usually intended to prepare for further study in a doctoral program.

Careers for PhD graduates

As research degrees, PhDs are usually intended to lead to an academic career. A PhD can be thought of like an apprenticeship, where students learn from professional researchers (academics) how to produce their own research.

Most students aspire to become a university professor upon the completion of their degree. However, careers in academia are highly competitive, and the skills learned in a doctoral program often lend themselves well to other types of careers.

Some graduates who find they prefer teaching to producing research go on to be teachers at liberal arts colleges or even secondary schools. Others work in research-intensive careers in the government, private sector, or at think tanks.

Below are a few examples of specific fields and non-academic careers that are common destinations of graduates of those fields.

• Computer Science
• Lab Sciences

Many government jobs, including economists at a country’s central bank, are research-intensive and require a PhD. Think tanks also hire economists to carry out independent research.

In the private sector, economic consulting and technology firms frequently hire PhDs to solve real-world problems that require complex mathematical modeling.

Graduate students from the humanities are sometimes hired by museums, who can make use of their research and writing skills to curate exhibits and run public outreach.

Humanities PhDs are often well-suited to research and grant-writing roles at nonprofits. Since so much of research is funded by grants, PhD students often gain a lot of experience applying for them, which is a useful skill in the nonprofit sector.

There are a wide range of non-academic research jobs for lab scientists with doctorates in subjects like chemistry, biology, ecology and physics.

Many PhD graduates are hired by pharmaceutical companies that need to perform research to create and test their products. Government agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), also hire lab scientists to work on research projects.

Job prospects after graduation vary widely based on the field. In fields like management, computer science, statistics, and economics, there’s little underemployment—even graduates from less well-known programs can easily find jobs that pay well and use the skills they’ve gained from the PhD.

However, in other fields, particularly in the humanities, many PhD graduates have difficulty in the job market. Unfortunately, there are far more PhD graduates than assistant professor roles, so many instead take on part-time and low-paid roles as adjunct instructors. Even non-academic careers can sometimes be difficult for PhDs to move into, as they may be seen as “overqualified”  or as lacking in relevant professional experience.

Because career options post-PhD vary so much, you should take the time to figure out what the career prospects are in your field. Doctoral programs often have detailed “placement” records online in which they list the career outcomes of their graduates immediately upon leaving the program. If you can’t find these records, contact the program and ask for them—placement information should play an important role in your choice of PhD program.

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Although PhDs take far longer to complete, students often receive a living stipend in exchange for being a teaching or research assistant. Master’s degrees are shorter but less likely to be funded.

Both master’s degrees and PhDs lead to increased salaries upon graduation. While PhDs usually earn a bit more than those with a master’s degree, in some fields, the wages are identical, meaning that no financial benefit is gained from going on to a PhD.

Cost of a master’s

The upfront cost of a master’s degree is usually higher than a doctoral degree due to the lower amount of financial aid available. However, increased salaries also arrive faster than with a doctoral degree, because people graduate much earlier from a master’s program.

Some master’s students do receive stipends for their degrees, usually as compensation for being a teaching or research assistant. In addition, many people complete master’s degrees part time while working full-time, which allows them to fund their living costs as well as tuition.

The cost varies significantly by school and program. Public schools are usually cheaper than private ones. Some master’s degrees, such as MBAs, are notoriously expensive, but also result in much higher wages afterwards that make up for the high cost.

The master’s wage premium , or the extra amount that someone with a master’s degree makes than someone with just a high school diploma, is 23% on average. Many universities provide detailed statistics on the career and salary outcomes of their students. If they do not have this online, you should feel free to contact an administrator of the program and ask.

Cost of a PhD

PhDs, particularly outside the humanities, are usually (though not always) funded, meaning that tuition fees are fully waived and students receive a small living stipend. During the last 3–5 years of a PhD, after finishing their coursework (and sometimes before), students are usually expected to work as graduate instructors or research assistants in exchange for the stipend.

Sometimes students can apply for a fellowship (such as the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Program in the United States) that relieves them of any obligations to be a teaching or research assistant. Doctoral programs in the US tend to be better funded than in the rest of the world.

Sometimes, PhD degrees can be completed part-time, but this is rare. Students are usually expected to devote at least 40 hours a week to their research and work as teaching or research assistants.

The main cost of doctoral programs comes in the form of opportunity cost—all the years that students could be working a regular, full-time job, which usually pays much better than a graduate school stipend.

The average wage premium for PhDs is 26%, which is not much higher than the master’s degree premium.

In the US, the application process is similar for master’s and PhD programs. Both will generally ask for:

• At least one application essay, often called a personal statement or statement of purpose .
• Letters of recommendation .
• A resume or CV .
• Transcripts.
• Writing samples.

Applications for both types of programs also often require a standardized test. PhDs usually require the Graduate Record Examination (GRE), which tries to measure verbal reasoning, quantitative, critical thinking , and analytical writing skills. Many master’s programs require this test as well.

Applying for a master’s

Master’s degrees programs will often ask you to respond to specific essay prompts that may ask you to reflect upon not just your academic background, but also your personal character and future career ambitions.

Northwestern University’s Kellogg Business School requires Master’s of Business Administration (MBA) applicants write two essays, one about a recent time they demonstrated leadership and the second about their personal values.

Who you should ask for your letters of recommendation varies by program. If you are applying to a research-intensive master’s program, then you should choose former professors or research supervisors. For other programs, particularly business school, current work supervisors may be a better choice.

Some professional master’s programs require a specific test. For example, to apply to law school, you must take the Law School Admissions Test, or LSAT. For business school, you must take either the GRE or the Graduate Management Admissions Test (GMAT).

Applying for a PhD

When applying for a PhD, your resume should focus more on your research background—you should especially emphasize any publications you’ve authored or presentations that you’ve given.

Similarly, your statement of purpose should discuss research that you’ve participated in, whether as an assistant or the lead author. You should detail what exactly you did in projects you’ve contributed to, whether that’s conducting a literature review, coding regressions, or writing an entire article.

Your letters of recommendations should be from former professors or supervisors who can speak to your abilities and potential as a researcher. A good rule of thumb is to avoid asking for recommendations from anyone who does not themselves have a PhD.

If you want to know more about college essays , academic writing , and AI tools , make sure to check out some of our other language articles with explanations, examples, and quizzes.

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A master’s is a 1- or 2-year graduate degree that can prepare you for a variety of careers.

All master’s involve graduate-level coursework. Some are research-intensive and intend to prepare students for further study in a PhD; these usually require their students to write a master’s thesis . Others focus on professional training for a specific career.

A PhD, which is short for philosophiae doctor (doctor of philosophy in Latin), is the highest university degree that can be obtained. In a PhD, students spend 3–5 years writing a dissertation , which aims to make a significant, original contribution to current knowledge.

A PhD is intended to prepare students for a career as a researcher, whether that be in academia, the public sector, or the private sector.

This depends on the country. In the United States, you can generally go directly to a PhD  with only a bachelor’s degree, as a master’s program is included as part of the doctoral program.

Elsewhere, you generally need to graduate from a research-intensive master’s degree before continuing to the PhD.

This varies by country. In the United States, PhDs usually take between 5–7 years: 2 years of coursework followed by 3–5 years of independent research work to produce a dissertation.

In the rest of the world, students normally have a master’s degree before beginning the PhD, so they proceed directly to the research stage and complete a PhD in 3–5 years.

A master’s degree usually has a higher upfront cost, but it also allows you to start earning a higher salary more quickly. The exact cost depends on the country and the school: private universities usually cost more than public ones, and European degrees usually cost less than North American ones. There are limited possibilities for financial aid.

PhDs often waive tuition fees and offer a living stipend in exchange for a teaching or research assistantship. However, they take many years to complete, during which time you earn very little.

In the US, the graduate school application process is similar whether you’re applying for a master’s or a PhD . Both require letters of recommendation , a statement of purpose or personal statement , a resume or CV , and transcripts. Programs in the US and Canada usually also require a certain type of standardized test—often the GRE.

Outside the US, PhD programs usually also require applicants to write a research proposal , because students are expected to begin dissertation research in the first year of their PhD.

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Ph.D Requirements

Please refer to the Graduate College deadlines for term-specific dates . Students are encouraged to complete the steps below as early in the semester as possible, and students are responsible to adhere to the published deadlines to graduate in the term desired. Failure to meet all deadlines will result in postponing graduation to a later term.

POS Committee

A student's POS committee is the group of graduate faculty who guide and evaluate the student during their graduate study. Early selection of a major professor and appointment of a POS committee is important. It is recommended that the committee be formed as early as the second semester of graduate study. Doctoral students can learn how to officially establish their committee with the Graduate College via Workday by following this how-to article:  Submit Your Graduate Committee Membership . The committee must be approved before the student can submit their Academic Plan for approval. 

Academic Plan

The Academic Plan is the list of courses that a student has taken and plans to take to meet the requirements of their graduate degree. This agreement among the student, their committee, their graduate program, and the Graduate College should be submitted as early as possible for approval. The student's initial Academic Plan must be approved by the Graduate College no later than three calendar months prior to the preliminary oral examination; the three calendar-month timeframe for scheduling a preliminary oral examination begins the day that the Graduate College approves the Academic Plan. For the plan to be approved in any given term, it must be approved by the DOGE by the published deadline for that term. Students can follow the how-to article, " Completing your Academic Plan  " when they are ready to work on their Academic Plan.

Preliminary Oral Examination

The student's Academic Plan must be approved at least three calendar months before the preliminary oral examination.

A minimum of six months must elapse between passing the preliminary oral examination and taking the final oral examination.

Requesting a Graduate Oral Exam  through Workday a minimum of two weeks before the requested exam date.

You must register for the minimum tuition fee (tuition equivalent of one credit) as an Iowa State University graduate student in the term in which the preliminary oral examination is taken.

If the preliminary oral examination is taken between terms (including the first day of classes for the later term), registration can be for either the term before or the term after the examination date.

International students holding F-1 or J-1 visas may have additional registration requirements and should contact the International Students and Scholars Office as early as possible.

Doctoral students who have completed coursework and passed (full or conditional) the preliminary oral examination are required to register each fall and spring term, regardless of whether university facilities, equipment, or staff time are used in person or in absentia.

The preliminary oral exam request must be approved by the major professor and the Graduate College. When the exam is complete, the major professor and the rest of the committee will  Submit Results of the Oral Exam .

Application for Graduation

Apply for Program Completion  through Workday before scheduling the final oral exam.

A non-refundable, one-time-only dissertation fee of $145 will be billed by the Graduate College at the time of application.

Students who will not meet the graduation requirements for a given term are responsible to withdraw their application by the cancellation deadline.

Final Oral Examination

Submit the Final Oral Exam Request through Workday a minimum of three weeks before the requested exam date. Follow this how-to article to request an exam:  Requesting a Graduate Oral Exam .

The Final Oral Exam Request must be  received  by the Graduate College no later than the cancellation deadline in the term of graduation. Students who do not meet this deadline will have their graduation cancelled by the Graduate College.

The final oral examination must be held no later than three weeks before the end of the term of graduation. See deadlines for more information.

The final oral exam request must be approved by the major professor and the Graduate College. When the exam is complete, the major professor and the rest of the committee will  Submit Results of the Oral Exam .

Open your account with ProQuest and input the title of your dissertation, which will appear in the commencement program.  http://www.etdadmin.com/cgi-bin/home

Registration/Tuition during the term of your Final Oral Exam

Students must register for the minimum tuition fee (tuition equivalent of one credit) or GR ST 681B “Examination Only” credit as an Iowa State University graduate student in the term in which the final oral examination is taken.

If the final oral examination is taken between terms (including the first day of classes for the later term), registration can be for either the term before or the term after the examination date.

International students holding F-1 or J-1 visas may have additional registration requirements and should contact the International Students and Scholars office as early as possible.

Graduate Student Approval Form

Your major professor(s) and committee members review the content and format of your final dissertation when you complete your final oral exam.

Once you pass your final oral exam and make all the changes to your dissertation, you or your major professor must submit the online Graduate Student Approval Form for routing and approval. Only one submission is required.

The Graduate College must receive the online Graduate Student Approval Form by the deadline of the graduation semester.

Verify that all grades for Incompletes and Non-Report grades from previous terms have been submitted to the Office of the Registrar.

Any conditions placed on the final oral examination must be removed by the major professor and/or committee members, as designated on the Report of Final Oral Examination.

After completing the  Thesis Checklist , you will find a link to upload your dissertation at the end of the checklist.

Upload your dissertation to ProQuest - note deadline for uploading.

The Graduate College will not review your dissertation unless we have received the Graduate Student Approval Form.

Final clearance of academic requirements will be made when current term grades have been submitted and evaluated by the Graduate College.

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PhD Programs

Doctoral programs in the public health sciences   are offered through  Emory's Laney Graduate School .

PhD Program in Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences

The field of behavioral, social, and health education sciences  (BSHES) is committed to applying a broad spectrum of behavioral and social science knowledge, theory, and methods to promote health, prevent disease, and improve quality of life. The PhD BSHE program applies a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach to research and advocates an ecological perspective to understanding and influencing the factors that shape health and illness.

Program Information | Brochure | Admissions | How to Apply

PhD Program in Biostatistics

The PhD program in biostatistics prepares students for research careers by offering a blend of theoretical and methodological courses. Our teaching curriculum is based on the principle that almost every biostatistician will have to spend at least some of his/her time on statistical analysis of real-life data.

PhD Program in Epidemiology

The PhD program in epidemiology trains future leaders in public health. Our curriculum is grounded in the methodologies of epidemiology and biostatistics enabling graduates to contribute new thinking to the field. These methodologies are applied to a broad range of clinical and public health concerns domestically and globally, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, environmental exposures, infectious diseases, and reproduction.

PhD Program in Environmental Health Sciences

The PhD program in environmental health sciences seeks to improve human health by better understanding the impact of environmental factors in the development of disease. PhD students will receive comprehensive training to become fluent in population and laboratory-based research in environmental health science by bridging the interdisciplinary areas of Exposure Science, Biological Mechanisms of Susceptibility and Disease, and Environmental Determinants of Population Health.

Program Information | Admissions | How to Apply

PhD Program in Global Health and Development

The Global Health and Development (GHD) program will train leaders and scholars who use science to improve public health policy and practice for underserved populations globally. Graduates will acquire a solid understanding of the theoretical frameworks of implementation science and relevant methodological skills required to guide programs and policies that are designed to improve health outcomes in a variety of settings across the globe. 

Program Information | Admissions | Apply 

PhD Program in Health Services Research and Health Policy

Emory's health services research and health policy program trains students to undertake original research (relying on social science theory and using sophisticated empirical analyses) to evaluate current issues in health policy. Our program combines a strongly interdisciplinary and policy-oriented public health approach with rigorous social science training in either economics or political science.

Program Information |  Admissions | How to Apply

PhD Program in Nutrition and Health Sciences

The nutrition and health sciences (NHS) program provides the expertise and skills necessary to investigate relationships between human nutrition and health, and contributes to improving nutrition worldwide. The NHS faculty were recently ranked 4th in the United States in terms of research productivity. Core strengths in metabolomics and predictive medicine, clinical nutrition, population-based intervention trials and epidemiology, and public nutrition programs ensure a quality training in whichever aspect of human nutrition that most inspires you.

• Rankings > Engineering
• AUG 5, 2024

2024 Most Affordable Online Doctorate in Engineering Degree Programs Ranking in the South

by Paweł Dąbrowski, Phd

Higher Education Data Scientist

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Chief Data Scientist & Ranking Editor

Pursuing an online doctorate in engineering can be a transformative step for students in the South, yet many face significant financial concerns and challenges in selecting the right program. With tuition costs rising and a plethora of options available, it can be overwhelming to navigate the landscape of advanced engineering degrees. This article aims to alleviate these worries by providing a comprehensive overview of the 2024 Most Affordable Online Doctorate in Engineering Degree Programs Ranking in the South. Created by the Research.com team of data scientists, this ranking is designed to help prospective students make informed decisions about their educational investments. For instance, a student at the University of Alabama, known for its robust engineering programs, might find themselves weighing the costs against potential career advancements. By exploring our carefully curated list, students will gain valuable insights into affordable options that align with their academic and professional goals, ensuring a brighter future in engineering.

• Key benefits of getting a Online Engineering degree in the South
• Graduates with an Online Engineering degree in the South can expect competitive salaries, with roles such as Engineering Program Manager earning a mean annual wage of $163,310 and Research and Development Director making around $246,440 annually. These figures reflect the high demand for skilled professionals in the engineering field.
• A graduate from Georgia Tech, for example, might pursue a career as a Research and Development Director, where they can lead innovative projects and drive advancements in technology. This role not only offers a lucrative salary but also the opportunity to make a significant impact in the engineering sector.
• Online Engineering degrees provide flexibility that traditional programs may not, allowing students to balance work and study effectively. For instance, a graduate from the University of Florida could gain practical experience while completing their degree, enhancing their resume and job prospects without sacrificing their current employment.
• What can I expect from a Online Engineering degree in the South?

When pursuing an online engineering degree in the South, students can expect a comprehensive educational experience that balances foundational knowledge with specialized skills. Graduates often share their journeys, highlighting key aspects of their programs:

• Program Duration and Structure : Most online engineering degrees take about four years to complete. Graduates recall diving into rigorous courses during the first half, focusing on essential subjects like calculus and physics. One graduate from a well-known university in Alabama mentioned how these foundational courses not only challenged them but also prepared them for the complexities of engineering.
• Specialization Opportunities : As students advance, they can choose to specialize in fields such as civil or mechanical engineering. A graduate from a prominent engineering school in Georgia fondly remembers the excitement of selecting specialized courses that allowed them to work with industry-standard software, making the learning experience feel relevant and applicable to real-world scenarios.
• Flexibility and Accessibility : The flexibility of online programs is a significant draw for many students. A graduate from a Texas university shared how they balanced their studies with a full-time job, appreciating the ability to attend classes at their convenience. This adaptability made it possible for them to pursue their passion without sacrificing other responsibilities.
• Hands-On Learning Experiences : While online learning primarily focuses on theory, many programs incorporate practical elements. A graduate from a Florida college recounted their experience with remote lab work, where they tackled real-world engineering problems. They noted that while some lab sessions required on-campus attendance, the overall blend of online and hands-on learning enriched their education.
• Employer Recognition : The evolving perception of online degrees has been a pleasant surprise for manygraduates. One noted that during job interviews, employers valued their online engineering degree just as much as traditional degrees, which boosted their confidence in the job market.

These experiences illustrate the well-rounded educational journey that online engineering students in the South can expect, blending flexibility with rigorous academic and practical training.

• Where can I work with a Online Engineering degree?

Graduates with an online engineering degree from Southern universities can expect to find diverse job opportunities across various sectors. Many alumni have shared their experiences, highlighting the exciting roles they stepped into after completing their studies. Here are some typical career paths:

• Engineering Firms : Graduates often begin their careers in engineering firms, specializing in areas like civil, mechanical, or electrical engineering. One graduate recalled working on a team that designed a new bridge in their hometown, feeling a deep sense of pride in contributing to local infrastructure.
• Technology Sector : The tech industry is a major employer for engineers, with roles in software development and systems engineering. A graduate from a well-known Southern university shared how they landed a position at a tech startup, where they helped develop an innovative app that gained national attention.
• Manufacturing and Production : Many engineers find fulfilling roles in manufacturing, focusing on process optimization. A graduate described their experience as an industrial engineer, where they implemented changes that significantly improved production efficiency at a local factory.
• Construction and Infrastructure : Civil engineering graduates frequently engage in construction projects. One graduate recounted their time managing a large construction site, overseeing the building of a new community center, and feeling a strong connection to the community.
• Research and Development : R&D positions are also popular among engineering graduates. A graduate mentioned collaborating with a university's research team on renewable energy projects, which not only advanced their career but also fueled their passion for sustainability.
• Consulting : Engineering graduates often transition into consulting roles, providing expert advice to businesses. One graduate shared how they enjoyed helping companies streamline operations and improveefficiency, finding satisfaction in solving complex problems.
• Finance and Business : The analytical skills gained during their studies open doors in finance. A graduate reflected on their role as a financial analyst, where they utilized their engineering background to assess investment opportunities.
• Government and Nonprofits : Opportunities in government and nonprofit sectors allow engineers to impact public policy and community development. A graduate expressed fulfillment in working on environmental initiatives that benefited their local area.

With a projected 4% increase in engineering jobs, graduates from Southern universities can look forward to a bright future filled with opportunities to make a difference in their communities and beyond.

• How much can I make with a Online Engineering degree in the South?

Graduates with an Online Engineering degree in the South can expect competitive salaries, particularly in specialized roles. For instance, a Research and Development Director can earn a mean annual wage of $246,440, translating to an hourly wage of $118.48. This role often involves overseeing innovative projects and leading teams, which can be incredibly rewarding for those who thrive in dynamic environments.

Engineering Program Managers also see substantial earnings, with a mean annual wage of $163,310 and an hourly wage of $78.52. Graduates often share how their experiences at universities like Georgia Tech or the University of Florida equipped them with the skills needed to excel in such positions. One graduate recounted how their coursework in project management and engineering principles directly contributed to landing a role that not only pays well but also allows for significant career growth.

Here are some key points to consider:

• High Earning Potential : Positions like Research and Development Director and Engineering Program Manager offer salaries that reflect the demand for skilled engineers in the South.
• Real-World Applications : Graduates often highlight how their education prepared them for real-world challenges, making them valuable assets in their fields.
• Networking Opportunities : Universities in the South provide ample networking opportunities, connecting students with industry leaders and potential employers, which can lead to lucrative job offers.
• Diverse Career Paths : The engineering field is vast, and graduates can find roles in various sectors, from technology to manufacturing, enhancing their earning potential.

Many graduates express excitement about their future, noting that the skills they acquired during their studies not only opened doors to high-paying jobs but also allowed them to contribute meaningfully to their communities. The combination of a solid education and the vibrant job market in the Southmakes pursuing an Online Engineering degree a promising investment in one’s future.

Table of Contents

How do we rank schools, what online engineering degree graduates have to say, key findings, how long does it take to complete a online engineering degree in the south, what’s the difference between online and on-campus engineering degree, what is the average cost of a online engineering degree in the south, what financial aid is available to online engineering degree students in the south, what are the prerequisites for enrolling in a online engineering program in the south, what courses are typically in a online engineering program in the south, what types of specializations are available in a online engineering program in the south, what career paths are available for online engineering graduates in the south, what is the job market for online engineering degree graduates in the south, other things you should know, see what experts have to say about studying engineering.

Investing in one’s education is a significant decision that can shape future career paths and opportunities. Understanding the importance of this choice, the Research.com team has meticulously crafted the “2024 Most Affordable Online Doctorate in Engineering Degree Programs Ranking in the South.” Our commitment to quality, credibility, and accuracy is reflected in the comprehensive research and analysis that underpins this ranking.

To ensure the reliability of our findings, we utilized the following data sources:

• IPEDS database
• Peterson’s database
• College Scorecard database
• National Center for Education Statistics

By exploring this ranking, readers will gain valuable insights into affordable online doctorate programs, enabling them to make informed decisions that align with their educational and financial goals. For more details on our methodology, please visit our Research.com methodology page .

# 1 position

The George Washington University

The Doctoral program in Engineering at The George Washington University boasts an impressive graduation rate of 84% and an acceptance rate of 50%. With a program length of 9 months, students can expect to graduate efficiently. The average total cost of the program is $68,625, with 76% of students receiving financial aid. For those seeking flexibility, there are 5000 online students enrolled in the program. This program offers a solid foundation for those looking to advance their career in the field of Engineering.

# 2 position

The Doctoral program at The George Washington University focuses on Engineering, with a graduation rate of 84% and a program length of 14 months. The average total cost is $82,350, with 76% of students receiving financial aid. The program has an acceptance rate of 50% and currently enrolls 5000 online students. This program offers a comprehensive education in Engineering, with a high graduation rate and a significant number of students receiving financial assistance.

# 3 position

Mississippi State University

Mississippi State University offers a Doctoral program in Engineering with a graduation rate of 60% and a program length of 16 months. The average total cost is $23,472, with 97% of students receiving financial aid. The acceptance rate is 76%, and the program has 1861 online students enrolled. This program provides a comprehensive education in engineering, making it an attractive option for those seeking to advance their career in this field.

# 4 position

Texas A&M University

Texas A&M University offers a Doctoral program in Engineering with a graduation rate of 83%. The program lasts for 15 months with an average total cost of $441,024. 78% of students receive financial aid, making it accessible to many. The acceptance rate is 64%, providing a competitive yet achievable opportunity for enrollment. With 29,972 online students enrolled, the program offers flexibility for those who prefer remote learning. Consider Texas A&M University for a comprehensive and supportive Doctoral program in Engineering.

# 5 position

Old Dominion University

Old Dominion University offers a Doctoral program in Engineering with a 49% graduation rate and a 15-month duration. The average total cost is $28,560, with 91% of students receiving financial aid. The program has an acceptance rate of 96% and currently enrolls 16,724 online students. As a potential student, you can expect a focus on engineering, a high likelihood of receiving financial aid, and a relatively high acceptance rate at Old Dominion University.

• Joshua: "Pursuing my Online Engineering degree at the University of Florida was one of the best decisions I've ever made. The flexibility of the program allowed me to balance my studies with my job, which was crucial for me as a working professional. The professors were incredibly supportive and always available for guidance, even through virtual office hours. I felt a strong sense of community despite being online, thanks to the collaborative projects and discussion forums. Graduating from such a prestigious institution has opened doors for me in my career, and I couldn't be more grateful for the experience."
• Aaron: "I chose to study at Georgia Tech for my Online Engineering degree, and it was a transformative experience. The curriculum was rigorous and challenging, pushing me to think critically and innovate. I particularly appreciated the hands-on projects that allowed me to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world problems. The networking opportunities were invaluable; I connected with industry leaders and fellow students who share my passion for engineering. The pride I felt walking across that virtual graduation stage was indescribable. Georgia Tech truly prepared me for the next chapter of my career."
• Deborah: "My journey at the University of Texas at Austin for my Online Engineering degree was nothing short of amazing. The program's emphasis on cutting-edge technology and research kept me engaged and excited about learning. I loved the interactive online labs that made complex concepts easier to grasp. The support from the faculty was exceptional; they genuinely cared about our success and were always willing to help. I also appreciated the diverse student body, which enriched my learning experience. Earning my degree from such a renowned university has given me the confidence to pursue my dreams in engineering, and I am forever thankful for the experience."
• Graduates with an Online Engineering degree in the South can earn competitive salaries, with positions like Engineering Program Manager averaging $163,310 and Research and Development Director around $246,440 annually.
• The job market for engineering graduates is strong, with a projected growth rate of about 4% from 2019 to 2029, resulting in approximately 73,100 new job openings.
• Software Development is expected to grow by 25.7%, creating over 410,000 new job opportunities, while Industrial Engineering is forecasted to grow by 11.7% by 2032.
• Tuition for engineering programs typically ranges from $10,000 to $20,000 per year for in-state students at public universities, with out-of-state tuition often exceeding $30,000 annually.
• Many engineering programs charge additional fees of $1,000 or more per semester for specialized resources and labs, and community colleges offer lower tuition options, around $3,000 to $5,000 per year.
• Financial aid options, including scholarships and grants, can significantly reduce the overall cost of obtaining an engineering degree, varying widely based on family income and other factors.

The chart above shows the distribution of the course length of Online Engineering in the South in 2024. The length of each course is given in weeks. Each bar denotes the number of institutions with program length falling into given interval.

Completing an online engineering degree in the South typically takes varying amounts of time depending on the level of the degree pursued. For an associate degree, students can expect to spend about two years, while a bachelor’s degree generally requires four years of full-time study. Master’s programs usually take an additional one to two years.

• Associate Degree : Often designed for those looking to enter the workforce quickly, these programs can be completed in about 60 credit hours. Graduates from community colleges in the South, such as those in Texas or Florida, often find themselves well-prepared for entry-level positions in engineering technology.
• Bachelor’s Degree : Most online bachelor’s programs require around 120 credit hours. For instance, students enrolled in programs at universities like the University of Alabama or Georgia Tech can complete their degrees in four years, even while balancing work and family commitments. Graduates frequently share how the flexibility of online courses allowed them to manage their time effectively, leading to a rewarding educational experience.
• Master’s Degree : For those pursuing advanced studies, a master’s degree typically requires an additional 30 to 36 credit hours. Many graduates from institutions like the University of Florida or Louisiana State University report completing their master’s in about two years, often while working in their field. The ability to apply what they learned in real-time to their jobs made the experience both practical and enriching.

Overall, the online engineering programs in the South are designed to accommodate the busy lives of students, allowing them to achieve their educational goals while maintaining a healthy work-life balance. The supportive online communities foster connections among students, making the journey feel less isolating and more collaborative.

The chart above shows the distribution of the total cost of Online Engineering in the South in 2024. Each bar denotes the number of institutions with total cost of study falling into given interval.

Online and on-campus Engineering degrees differ significantly in structure, flexibility, and learning environment. In the South, where institutions like Georgia Tech and the University of Florida offer robust engineering programs, students often weigh these differences carefully.

• Flexibility : Online programs provide the freedom to study at your own pace and schedule, making them ideal for working professionals or those with family commitments. For instance, graduates from online programs often share how they could balance their studies with full-time jobs, allowing them to apply what they learned in real-time.
• Learning Environment : On-campus programs foster a collaborative atmosphere, where students engage directly with peers and professors. Many graduates from traditional programs emphasize the value of hands-on labs and group projects, which are integral to engineering education. For example, students at the University of Alabama often highlight the camaraderie built during late-night study sessions in engineering labs.
• Networking Opportunities : On-campus students benefit from immediate access to networking events, internships, and career fairs. Graduates from Louisiana State University frequently mention how in-person interactions with industry professionals led to job offers before graduation.
• Resources and Support : Traditional programs typically offer more immediate access to campus resources, such as libraries, labs, and tutoring services. Graduates from the University of South Carolina often reflect on how these resources helped them tackle challenging coursework.
• Cost Considerations : Online degrees can sometimes be more affordable, with lower tuition rates and no commuting costs. However, on-campus programs may offer scholarships and financial aid that can offset expenses.

Ultimately, the choice between online and on-campus engineering degrees in the South hinges on personal circumstances, learning preferences, and careergoals. Each path offers unique advantages that can lead to fulfilling engineering careers.

The chart above shows the distribution of the cost of unit of study for Online Engineering in the South in 2024. The cost is given in USD per unit. Each bar denotes the number of institutions with total cost of study falling into given interval.

The average cost of obtaining an online engineering degree in the South can be quite significant, with the median total cost reaching approximately $68,625. This figure encompasses tuition, fees, and other associated expenses, making it essential for prospective students to plan accordingly. For those considering out-of-state options, the financial commitment increases dramatically, with the median total cost soaring to around $234,792. This can be a daunting figure, especially for graduates who have shared their experiences of balancing work and study while managing these expenses. Many have found that attending a public university in their home state not only provides a quality education but also helps keep costs manageable, making affordable online engineering degree costs in the South a crucial consideration.

In-state students benefit from a more favorable financial landscape, with a median total cost of about $161,592. This can make a significant difference in the overall financial burden. Graduates from institutions like the University of Florida or Georgia Tech often highlight the advantages of in-state tuition, allowing them to focus more on their studies and less on financial stress. For those looking into advanced studies, understanding the average tuition for online engineering doctorate programs in the South can further aid in financial planning.

When budgeting for an online engineering degree, students should also consider additional costs, such as:

• Textbooks and Supplies : Expect to spend around $1,000 to $2,000 annually, depending on the program.
• Living Expenses : Even online students may need to budget for housing, food, and transportation, which can vary widely based on location.

Many graduates emphasize the importance of financial aid in alleviating some of these costs. They often share stories of securing scholarships or federal grants that significantly reduced their tuition burden, allowing them to pursue their passion forengineering without overwhelming debt. Additionally, students may explore opportunities such as computer science internships to gain practical experience while managing their finances.

Ultimately, understanding the financial landscape of online engineering degrees in the South is crucial for students aiming to make informed decisions about their education and future careers.

Engineering students pursuing online degrees in the South have access to a variety of financial aid options that can significantly ease the burden of tuition costs. With approximately 78% of engineering students in the region receiving some form of financial assistance, it’s crucial to explore these resources to make education more affordable.

• Federal Aid Programs : Many students rely on Pell Grants, which provide need-based funding that doesn’t require repayment. One graduate shared how receiving a Pell Grant allowed them to focus on their studies without the stress of accumulating debt. Additionally, the Federal Work-Study Program enables students to earn money while enrolled, helping to cover living expenses.
• State-Sponsored Programs : States in the South often offer grants and scholarships specifically for residents. For instance, a graduate from a prominent university in Texas mentioned how a state scholarship not only covered a significant portion of their tuition but also motivated them to excel academically, knowing that their hard work was recognized.
• Institutional Scholarships : Many colleges and universities provide merit-based and need-based scholarships. A graduate from a well-known engineering school in Alabama recounted how an institutional scholarship made it possible for them to pursue their degree online while balancing a part-time job, allowing them to graduate debt-free.
• Professional Organizations : Scholarships from organizations like the American Society of Civil Engineers can be a game-changer. One graduate recalled how being a member of such an organization not only provided financial support but also opened doors to networking opportunities that were invaluable in their career.
• Diversity Initiatives : Programs aimed at increasing diversity in engineering, such as those from the Society of Women Engineers, offer scholarships that can make a significant difference. A graduate expressed gratitude for receiving ascholarship that not only alleviated financial stress but also connected them with a supportive community of peers.

By leveraging these financial aid options, online engineering students in the South can find the support they need to pursue their academic and career aspirations, transforming their dreams into reality.

To enroll in an online engineering program in the South, prospective students typically need to meet several prerequisites that vary by institution but generally include a high school diploma or equivalent, a strong foundation in mathematics and science, and sometimes standardized test scores. Many programs require applicants to have completed courses in calculus, physics, and chemistry, as these subjects are crucial for success in engineering studies.

For instance, graduates from a well-known university in Texas recalled how they had to excel in their high school math courses to gain admission. One graduate mentioned, “I remember spending countless nights studying calculus, knowing it would pay off when I applied to my online engineering program.” Similarly, students from a prominent university in Florida shared that they were encouraged to take Advanced Placement (AP) courses in math and science to strengthen their applications.

In addition to academic prerequisites, some programs may require applicants to submit letters of recommendation or a personal statement outlining their interest in engineering. For example, a graduate from a university in Georgia reflected on the importance of their personal statement, saying, “I poured my passion for engineering into that essay, and it made a difference in my acceptance.”

Here are some common prerequisites for online engineering programs in the South:

• High School Diploma or Equivalent : Essential for all applicants.
• Mathematics and Science Background : Completion of courses like calculus, physics, and chemistry.
• Standardized Test Scores : Some programs may require SAT or ACT scores.
• Letters of Recommendation : Often needed to support the application.
• Personal Statement : A chance to express your passion for engineering.

These requirements ensure that students are well-prepared for the rigorous coursework that online engineering programs demand, ultimately leading to a rewarding educationalexperience.

Online Engineering programs in the South typically encompass a diverse range of courses designed to equip students with both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Core courses often include:

• Engineering Mathematics : This foundational course covers calculus, differential equations, and linear algebra, essential for problem-solving in engineering contexts. Graduates often recall how mastering these concepts helped them tackle complex engineering challenges in their careers.
• Statics and Dynamics : These courses focus on the principles of forces and motion. Many graduates from Southern universities have shared how engaging with real-world projects, such as designing bridges or analyzing vehicle dynamics, made these subjects come alive.
• Thermodynamics : A staple in mechanical engineering programs, this course explores energy transfer and conversion. Students frequently mention how hands-on labs, even in an online format, allowed them to simulate real-life scenarios, such as engine performance analysis.
• Materials Science : Understanding the properties of materials is crucial for any engineer. Graduates often reflect on projects where they tested different materials for strength and durability, which directly informed their design choices in the field.
• Electrical Circuits : This course introduces students to circuit design and analysis. Many alumni have expressed excitement about virtual labs that allowed them to build and test circuits, providing a practical understanding of electrical engineering principles.
• Capstone Project : Most programs culminate in a capstone project, where students apply their knowledge to solve real-world engineering problems. Graduates often describe this experience as transformative, as it allowed them to collaborate with peers and present their solutions to industry professionals.

Institutions like the University of Florida and Georgia Tech offer robust online engineering programs, ensuring thatstudents receive a comprehensive education that prepares them for the workforce. The blend of rigorous coursework and practical application fosters a sense of accomplishment and readiness among graduates, making their educational journey both fulfilling and impactful.

Students pursuing online engineering degrees in the South have access to a diverse array of specializations that align with their interests and the demands of the job market. These programs not only prepare graduates for traditional engineering roles but also equip them with skills relevant to emerging fields. Here are some notable specializations available:

• Mechanical Engineering : Graduates often share how their focus on robotics led them to internships where they designed automated systems for local manufacturing companies, enhancing productivity and innovation.
• Civil Engineering : Many students recount their experiences working on community projects, such as designing sustainable infrastructure for flood-prone areas, which allowed them to apply their knowledge in real-world scenarios.
• Electrical Engineering : Students specializing in power generation have described their excitement in developing renewable energy solutions, contributing to projects that aim to reduce carbon footprints in their communities.
• Software Engineering : With the rise of cybersecurity threats, graduates have found fulfillment in developing secure software applications, often collaborating with local businesses to protect sensitive data. For those interested in this field, there are numerous cyber security degree opportunities available that can enhance their career prospects.
• Biomedical Engineering : Those who pursued this specialization often reflect on their involvement in creating medical devices that improve patient care, sharing stories of how their work directly impacts lives.
• Engineering Management : Graduates focusing on this area have expressed how their training in leadership and project management has prepared them for roles overseeing engineering teams, blending technical expertise with business acumen.

In addition to these traditional fields, students can explore specializations thatenhance management and analytical skills:

• Engineering Mathematics : Graduates have highlighted how mastering mathematical techniques has empowered them to tackle complex engineering problems, making them invaluable assets in their workplaces.
• Management Science : Many have shared their experiences applying scientific methods to optimize engineering processes, leading to significant improvements in project outcomes.
• Operations Management : Students focusing on this specialization often recount their roles in streamlining production processes, which have led to increased efficiency and cost savings for their employers.

As demographic trends indicate a looming shortage of engineers, particularly among women, these specializations present a vital opportunity for aspiring engineers in the South to make a meaningful impact in their fields. Additionally, affordable online engineering specializations in the South can provide accessible pathways for students looking to advance their education. For those considering further education, online doctorate engineering programs in the South are also available, offering advanced training for the next generation of engineering leaders.

Graduates of online engineering degree programs in the South have a wealth of career paths available to them, reflecting the diverse sectors that actively seek their expertise. Many find themselves in Fortune 500 companies, technology firms, and manufacturing firms, which collectively employ a significant portion of engineers—21%, 16%, and 10%, respectively. This landscape offers robust opportunities for career advancement and specialization, making it an attractive option for those exploring affordable online engineering careers in the South.

• Fortune 500 Companies : Graduates often start in entry-level positions, such as project engineers or design engineers, where they contribute to large-scale projects. Over time, they can advance to managerial roles, overseeing teams and projects, or pivot into specialized areas like systems engineering or quality assurance. One graduate shared how their initial role in a major automotive company led to a promotion to project manager, allowing them to lead innovative vehicle design initiatives.
• Technology Firms : The tech sector is ripe with opportunities for engineers, particularly in software and hardware development. Graduates frequently begin as software developers or systems analysts, with the potential to transition into roles like product manager or chief technology officer. A graduate recounted their journey from a software engineer to a lead developer, emphasizing how their online degree equipped them with the skills to tackle complex problems and drive product innovation. This sector is particularly appealing for those seeking diverse career opportunities for online engineering graduates in the South.
• Manufacturing Firms : Engineers in manufacturing often start as process engineers or production supervisors, focusing on optimizing production lines and improving efficiency. With experience, they can move into roles such as operations manager or plant manager. One graduate reflected on how their rolein a manufacturing plant allowed them to implement lean manufacturing techniques, significantly reducing waste and increasing productivity.

These career paths not only offer financial stability but also the chance to make meaningful contributions to society through innovation and problem-solving. The supportive networks and resources provided by online engineering programs in the South further enhance graduates' ability to navigate their careers successfully, fostering a sense of community and shared achievement among peers. For those interested in data-driven roles, a business intelligence analyst position can also be a rewarding option, as highlighted in this business intelligence analyst position .

Graduates of online engineering degree programs in the South are entering a robust job market characterized by diverse opportunities and competitive salaries. The engineering sector is thriving, with a projected growth rate of approximately 4% from 2019 to 2029, leading to the creation of around 73,100 new positions nationwide. In the South, this trend is mirrored by the increasing demand for skilled engineers across various industries, including technology, aerospace, and healthcare.

• Variety of Career Paths : Graduates can pursue careers in civil, mechanical, electrical, and software engineering. For instance, one recent graduate shared how their specialization in software engineering led to a position in a tech startup in Atlanta, where they felt their skills were not only valued but also essential to the company’s growth. This diversity in career options contributes to the availability of affordable engineering jobs in the South.
• Significant Growth in Specific Fields : The South is witnessing substantial growth in certain engineering sectors. Industrial engineering is expected to expand by 11.7% by 2032, while software development roles may see a remarkable 25.7% increase, resulting in over 410,000 new job openings. A graduate working in a manufacturing firm in Texas recounted how their role evolved rapidly due to the company’s expansion, highlighting the dynamic nature of the job market and the engineering career opportunities in Southern states.
• Attractive Salary Potential : While specific salary data for metropolitan areas in the South is not available, the average engineering services business in the U.S. has about 8.4 employees, indicating a thriving small business environment that often offers competitive salaries. Graduates can expect to earn significantly more than the median for all occupations, making engineering a financially rewarding career choice.
• Annual Job Openings : The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimatesapproximately 188,000 job openings each year in architecture and engineering fields, reflecting both new job creation and the need to replace retiring workers. A recent graduate from a Louisiana university shared their excitement about the numerous job fairs and networking events available, which helped them secure a position shortly after graduation. For those interested in related fields, exploring options like a cyber security degree prospects can also be beneficial.

The engineering job market in the South is vibrant and full of potential, making it an ideal choice for students pursuing online engineering degrees.

• Engineering careers are increasingly recognized as vital to addressing global challenges, such as climate change, infrastructure development, and technological advancement. The demand for skilled engineers is projected to grow significantly, with the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimating a 6% increase in employment for engineers from 2020 to 2030.
• In the South, universities like Georgia Tech and the University of Florida are at the forefront of engineering education, offering online doctorate programs that cater to working professionals. These institutions emphasize innovation and research, preparing graduates to tackle complex engineering problems on a global scale.
• The global engineering workforce is becoming more diverse, with a growing emphasis on interdisciplinary collaboration. Engineers are now expected to work alongside professionals from fields such as environmental science, data analytics, and business, reflecting the interconnected nature of modern challenges.
• Emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and renewable energy systems, are reshaping the engineering landscape. Engineers with expertise in these areas are in high demand, and online programs in the South, like those offered by the University of Alabama and North Carolina State University, are adapting curricula to meet these needs.
• Internationally, engineering careers are often associated with high earning potential. According to PayScale, the average salary for engineers in the U.S. is around $80,000, with specialized fields like petroleum and computer engineering commanding even higher salaries. This financial incentive attracts many students to pursue advanced degrees.
• The global perspective on engineering also emphasizes sustainability and ethical considerations. Engineers are increasingly tasked with designing solutions that minimize environmental impact, a trend reflected in programs at Southern universities that incorporate sustainability into theirengineering curricula.
• Networking and collaboration across borders are becoming essential in engineering. Online degree programs facilitate connections with peers and professionals worldwide, allowing students in the South to engage with global engineering communities and gain insights into international best practices.
• The rise of remote work and online education has made engineering careers more accessible. Students in the South can now pursue advanced degrees from prestigious institutions without relocating, broadening their opportunities in a competitive global job market.
• Engage with Faculty and Peers : Online students should actively participate in discussions, forums, and virtual office hours. Building relationships with professors at institutions like the University of Florida or Georgia Tech can provide valuable insights and mentorship opportunities. Engaging with classmates fosters collaboration and can lead to study groups that enhance understanding of complex engineering concepts.
• Utilize Online Resources : Take advantage of the plethora of online resources available. Websites like Coursera and edX offer supplemental courses that can deepen knowledge in specific engineering areas. Additionally, many universities in the South provide access to extensive digital libraries and databases, which are crucial for research and project work.
• Participate in Virtual Networking Events : Many universities host online networking events, webinars, and guest lectures featuring industry professionals. Attending these events can help students in the South connect with potential employers and learn about current trends in engineering fields. Networking can be particularly beneficial in regions with strong engineering industries, such as Texas and North Carolina.
• Leverage Local Industry Connections : Students should explore partnerships between their online programs and local engineering firms. Institutions like Auburn University and the University of Alabama often have ties to regional companies, providing opportunities for internships or collaborative projects that can enhance practical experience.
• Stay Organized and Self-Disciplined : Online learning requires a high degree of self-motivation. Students should create a structured schedule that allocates specific times for studying, attending lectures, and completing assignments. Tools like Trello or Asana can help manage tasks effectively, ensuring that deadlines are met without last-minute stress.
• Engage in Hands-On Projects : Whenever possible, studentsshould seek out opportunities for hands-on experience, such as labs or workshops offered by their universities. Programs at schools like the University of South Carolina often include practical components that can be completed remotely or in local facilities, allowing students to apply theoretical knowledge in real-world scenarios.
• Join Professional Organizations : Becoming a member of engineering societies, such as the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) or the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), can provide access to resources, conferences, and networking opportunities. Many of these organizations have local chapters in Southern states, facilitating connections with professionals in the field.
• Seek Feedback and Continuous Improvement : Regularly soliciting feedback from instructors and peers can help identify areas for improvement.

Studying for an engineering degree in the South equips students with a unique blend of technical expertise and interdisciplinary skills essential for today’s job market. Here’s how:

• Diverse Curriculum : Many Southern universities, such as Georgia Tech and the University of Florida, offer engineering programs that integrate courses from business, environmental science, and social sciences. This approach fosters a well-rounded education, preparing graduates to tackle complex problems that require knowledge beyond traditional engineering.
• Collaborative Projects : Programs often emphasize teamwork through collaborative projects. For instance, the University of Alabama at Birmingham encourages students to work in multidisciplinary teams, simulating real-world scenarios where engineers must collaborate with professionals from various fields, such as healthcare and technology.
• Industry Connections : The South is home to numerous industries, including aerospace, automotive, and energy. Universities like Auburn and Louisiana State University maintain strong ties with local businesses, providing students with opportunities for internships and co-op programs that enhance their understanding of how engineering intersects with other disciplines.
• Research Opportunities : Institutions such as the University of North Carolina at Charlotte engage in cutting-edge research that often crosses disciplinary boundaries. Students can participate in projects that combine engineering with fields like public policy, sustainability, and data science, equipping them with skills applicable in diverse roles.
• Focus on Innovation : Many Southern engineering programs emphasize innovation and entrepreneurship. For example, the University of South Carolina offers resources for students to develop startup ideas, blending engineering principles with business acumen, which is crucial for interdisciplinary roles in tech-driven industries.
• Cultural Competence : TheSouth’s rich cultural diversity enhances students' ability to work in global teams. Programs often include coursework or projects that address social issues, preparing graduates to engage with diverse populations and understand the societal impacts of engineering solutions.
• Flexible Learning Formats : Online engineering degrees from Southern institutions provide flexibility, allowing students to balance work and study. This adaptability is vital for those pursuing interdisciplinary roles, as it enables them to gain experience in various sectors while completing their education.

By integrating these elements, engineering programs in the South not only prepare students for traditional engineering roles but also equip them with the interdisciplinary skills necessary to thrive in a rapidly evolving job market.

• Access to Resources : Many online engineering programs in the South may not provide the same level of access to laboratories and hands-on experiences as traditional on-campus programs. This can hinder students' ability to apply theoretical knowledge in practical settings, which is crucial in engineering disciplines.
• Time Management : Balancing coursework with personal and professional responsibilities can be particularly challenging. Online students often juggle jobs, family commitments, and studies, leading to potential burnout. According to a study by the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 70% of online students work while studying, which complicates time allocation.
• Networking Opportunities : Online students may miss out on valuable networking opportunities that in-person programs offer. Building relationships with peers, faculty, and industry professionals is essential in engineering fields, and the lack of face-to-face interaction can limit these connections.
• Technical Challenges : Students may face difficulties with the technology required for online learning. Issues such as unreliable internet access, especially in rural areas of the South, can disrupt learning. A report from the Federal Communications Commission indicates that about 14% of rural Americans lack access to high-speed internet, which can be a significant barrier.
• Self-Motivation and Discipline : Online learning requires a high degree of self-discipline and motivation. Students must be proactive in managing their studies without the structured environment of a traditional classroom. Research shows that online students often report higher levels of procrastination compared to their on-campus counterparts.
• Quality of Instruction : The quality of online engineering programs can vary significantly. Prospective students in the South should carefully evaluate programs, as some may not be accredited or may lack experienced faculty. Institutions like theUniversity of Florida and Georgia Tech are known for their robust online engineering offerings, but not all programs meet the same standards.
• Financial Concerns : While online programs can be more affordable, students may still face financial challenges. The cost of technology, textbooks, and other materials can add up. Additionally, many online students may not qualify for the same financial aid options as traditional students, complicating their ability to fund their education.
• Isolation and Support : Online students often report feelings of isolation due to the lack of in-person interaction. This can affect mental health and academic performance. Institutions in the South, such as the University of Alabama and Louisiana State University, are increasingly offering virtual support services to help combat this issue, but students must actively seek out these resources.
• Sustainable Engineering : With the increasing focus on environmental issues, sustainable engineering is gaining traction. This niche emphasizes the design of systems and processes that minimize environmental impact. Universities like the University of Florida offer online programs that incorporate sustainability principles, preparing graduates to tackle climate change challenges.
• Biomedical Engineering : This interdisciplinary field merges engineering principles with medical sciences to develop technologies for healthcare. The demand for biomedical engineers is projected to grow by 5% from 2020 to 2030, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Institutions such as Georgia Tech provide online doctorate programs that focus on innovative medical devices and healthcare solutions.
• Data Engineering : As industries increasingly rely on big data, data engineering has emerged as a critical niche. This area focuses on the design and management of data systems. Online programs, like those offered by the University of Alabama at Birmingham, equip students with skills in data architecture and analytics, essential for modern engineering roles.
• Robotics and Automation : The rise of automation in manufacturing and other sectors has led to a growing need for engineers skilled in robotics. The field is expected to expand significantly, with a projected job growth of 9% through 2029. Online doctorate programs at universities such as the University of South Carolina delve into advanced robotics and intelligent systems.
• Cybersecurity Engineering : With the increasing frequency of cyber threats, cybersecurity engineering is becoming vital. This niche focuses on protecting systems and networks from attacks. Institutions like the University of Texas at Dallas offer online degrees that prepare engineers to design secure systems, addressing a critical need in today’s digital landscape.
• Renewable Energy Engineering : As the world shifts towardsrenewable energy sources, this niche is rapidly evolving. Engineers in this field work on solar, wind, and other sustainable energy technologies. Online programs at universities such as Louisiana State University focus on energy systems and sustainability, aligning with the growing demand for clean energy solutions.
• Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning : The integration of AI and machine learning into engineering processes is transforming the field. This niche focuses on developing intelligent systems that can learn and adapt. Online doctorate programs, like those at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, prepare students to innovate in AI applications across various engineering disciplines.

Choosing the right concentration within an online engineering program in the South involves several key considerations that align with your career goals, interests, and the unique offerings of institutions in the region. Here are some factors to guide your decision:

• Career Goals : Reflect on your long-term career aspirations. Are you aiming for a role in civil engineering, electrical engineering, or perhaps a niche like environmental engineering? Understanding the job market in the South can help; for instance, states like Texas and Florida have booming industries in energy and aerospace, respectively.
• Industry Demand : Research the demand for specific engineering disciplines in the South. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, fields such as civil and mechanical engineering are projected to grow significantly. Concentrating in these areas may enhance your employability.
• Program Offerings : Different universities may offer unique concentrations. For example, the University of Florida provides specialized tracks in systems engineering and construction management, while Georgia Tech is known for its robust programs in robotics and computer engineering. Investigate what each institution offers to find a match for your interests.
• Faculty Expertise : Look into the faculty's areas of research and expertise. Engaging with professors who are leaders in your desired concentration can provide invaluable mentorship and networking opportunities. Institutions like the University of Alabama at Birmingham have faculty involved in cutting-edge research in biomedical engineering.
• Accreditation and Reputation : Ensure that the program is accredited by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET). Programs with strong reputations, such as those at North Carolina State University, often have better resources and connections in the industry.
• Flexibility and Format : Consider how the program’s structure aligns with yourlifestyle. Some online programs offer asynchronous courses, allowing you to study at your own pace, while others may require synchronous attendance. This flexibility can be crucial for working professionals.
• Financial Considerations : Evaluate the cost of different concentrations and the availability of financial aid. Some programs may offer scholarships specifically for certain engineering disciplines, which can significantly reduce your overall expenses.
• Networking Opportunities : Investigate whether the program provides access to industry connections, internships, or co-op opportunities. Schools like the University of South Carolina often have partnerships with local industries, which can be beneficial for hands-on experience.
• Personal Interests : Finally, align your concentration with your personal interests and strengths.

Read our interview with Engineering experts

Bohdan W. Oppenheim

Engineering Expert

Professor Emeritus of Healthcare Systems Engineering

Loyola Marymount University

Jasna Jankovic

Associate Professor

University of Connecticut

John K. Schueller

University of Florida

Joseph Reichenberger

Professor of Civil Engineering & Environmental Science

• reddit.com (14 Apr 2021). Is An Online Engineering Degree Worth It As An Adult?. reddit.com https://www.reddit.com/r/AskEngineers/comments/mqwdfk/is_an_online_engineering_degree_worth_it_as_an/
• indeed.com (18 Apr 2024). What Can You Do With an Engineering Degree? (With 17 Jobs). [indeed.com] https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/what-can-you-do-with-an-engineering-degree
• joinhandshake.com (01 Mar 2023). Top 10 jobs for engineering majors and who’s hiring. [joinhandshake.com] https://joinhandshake.com/blog/students/engineering-jobs/
• swe.org (n.d.). Job Outlook for Engineers. [swe.org] https://swe.org/research/2024/job-outlook/
• tsu.edu (28 Jul 2024). Financial Aid and Scholarships. tsu.edu https://www.tsu.edu/admissions/financial-aid/
• allengineeringschools.com (19 Jul 2019). HOW TO PAY FOR YOUR ENGINEERING SCHOOL EDUCATION. allengineeringschools.com https://www.allengineeringschools.com/engineering-careers/article/financial-aid/
• affordablecollegesonline.org (14 Sep 2023). Financial Aid And Scholarships For STEM Students. affordablecollegesonline.org https://www.affordablecollegesonline.org/college-resource-center/financial-aid-for-stem/
• sanjac.edu (n.d.). Your Goals. Your College.. sanjac.edu https://www.sanjac.edu/index.php
• Jeff Tompkins (20 Jun 2024). Best Online Engineering Degrees Of 2024. forbes.com https://www.forbes.com/advisor/education/engineering/best-online-engineering-degree-programs/
• Alex Kale (25 Jul 2024). Best Online Engineering Degree Programs of 2024. intelligent.com https://www.intelligent.com/best-online-engineering-degree-programs/

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3 years (Full-time) 5 years (Part-time)

Candidates will be deregistered from the programme if they exceed the normal duration of the programme, unless approval is obtained from the relevant authority. 

This programme is co-hosted by the following academic departments:

Department of Biomedical Engineering;

Department of Computing;

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering;

Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering; and

Department of Mechanical Engineering.

We have a quota for admissions.  Early applications are strongly encouraged . Shortlisted candidates will be invited for interviews. Offers will be made on a rolling-basis.

An incomplete application cannot be processed promptly and may reduce your chance of admission. Please complete all relevant fields on the application form and upload all necessary documents.

Programme Aims

This programme is targeted for those who are in or are aspiring to be in senior management or principal research and development positions in companies/organisations that are involved in science, technology and engineering. The curriculum is designed to improve the candidates' skills in management of innovation and technology, enhance professional competence and expertise in specific engineering fields and strengthen capabilities in research, innovation and technology transfer from a practical perspective.

Characteristics

The programme comprises two equally weighted components: coursework and thesis. The coursework aims at reinforcing and expanding candidates' breadth of knowledge in management of innovation and advanced technologies. The thesis, which is company/organisation related, should make a significant contribution and/or provide innovative insights into professional practice in an engineering discipline.

The award “Doctor of Engineering” will be granted on successful completion of all subjects (as listed in curriculum) and a thesis. Graduates can use the title “Dr”.

An EngD candidate, upon graduation, should be able:

To understand the ethics in research;

To formulate, implement, and evaluate global operations strategies for achieving competitive advantage in a technological context; and to manage successfully the 21st century technological enterprises;

To possess the knowledge of technological innovation and transformation as well as business sustainability and apply them in technological enterprises, and to provide managers with the concepts, framework, and managerial skills to analyse, plan and lead complex systems projects;

To understand the current issues and development in the planning and choice performance management systems for firms and organisations to achieve their missions and business goals, and to apply the knowledge learnt in the selection and implementation of appropriate performance management practices for various types of organisational settings;

To understand the importance of environmental management and the role of different parties on cleaner production and sustainable product development; and to acquire the knowledge of the updated environmental technologies in handling and controlling various types of pollution; and

To investigate or conduct a critical study of an engineering problem which demonstrates innovation and creativity and results in a significant contribution to engineering practice within an industrial/professional context.

Programme Structure

Candidates are required to pass 5 Compulsory Subjects and 3 Elective Subjects, with a minimum Award GPA (AGPA) of 3.0, and complete a thesis.

Compulsory Subjects: Research Methodology; Global Operations Strategy; Systems Transformation & Analysis; Performance Management Systems & Design; Economy,  Energy & Environment: Strategies for Sustainable Development.

Elective Subjects: Technological Innovation & Strategy (recommended study trip), Strategic Lean Management (recommended study trip), a pool of guided study subjects/ special topics from the five co-hosting departments.

The thesis should be innovative and applicable in a professional context. The research results should also reach a standard worthy of publication in a peer-reviewed archival journal.

The normal duration for completing the thesis is six semesters.

Candidates are encouraged to follow a recommended study pattern.

Core Areas of Study

This is a brief summary of the core areas for the topic of thesis. Candidates are provided with detailed information on these topics for selection upon registration.

Biomedical Engineering ​ Medical Imaging, Instrumentation and Sensing, Molecular , Cellular and Tissue Engineering, Neuromusculoskeletal Science & Engineering, Prosthetics & Orthotics and Rehabilitation Engineering.

Computing ​ Networking & Mobile Computing, Smart Enterprise Information Systems & Big Data Analytics, Knowledge Engineering & Human Centered Computing, Smart Computing & Systems for Smart City, Healthcare & Green Energy, Security & Privacy and Fintech, Computing Systems & Software Engineering.

• Electrical and Electronic Engineering Power and Energy Systems, Photonic, Smart Materials & Devices, Power Electronics & Electric Vehicles, Future Mobility System, Artificial Intelligence & Signal Processing, Communications & Information Security, Microelectronics & Quantum Technology.

Industrial and Systems Engineering ​ Knowledge & Technology Management, Engineering Management, Logistics and  Supply Chain Management, Materials Technology, Laser Materials Processing, Ultra-precision Machining and Precision Metrology, Cyber Physical System, Smart Manufacturing and Logistics, Internet of Things, Robotics, Automation, Control, Mechanism Design, Transport Modelling and Data Analysis; Aviation and Maritime Studies; Industrial Organisation analysis for the transport industry, Advanced Materials Processing and Nano-manufacturing, Sustainability, Sustainable Development, Energy and Environmental Management, Waste Management, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG), and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Smart Manufacturing; Smart Logistics, Transportation and Logistics System Modeling and Optimization.

Mechanical Engineering ​ Aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, heat and mass transfer, renewable energy, Robotics, Environmental Noise of Air/Land Transportation (Computational/Experimental); Industrial Acoustics and Noise Control (Computational/Experimental); Product Sound/Noise Design Engineering; Engineering Thermofluid System Design and Optimization (Computational/Experimental); Turbomachinery (Fans/Pumps/Wind Turbines) Flow and Noise Design; Scientific Computing for Engineering Design and Analysis, Robotic manipulation; Vision-based control and automation; Artificial Intelligence; Micro-system Design; Mechatronics, Advanced energy technologies; Fuel Cells; Flow batteries; Hydrogen production.

Programme Coordinator

Prof. Xiaowen Fu

A Master's degree in an engineering discipline that is relevant to biomedical engineering, computing, electrical and electronic engineering, industrial and systems engineering or mechanical engineering (under exceptional circumstances, admission may be granted to holders of good Bachelor's degrees with Honours in a relevant engineering discipline); AND

All applicants are expected to have substantial and relevant work experience.

Applicants are also expected to demonstrate maturity, motivation, commitment and skill in communicating in English.

Applicants who obtain a degree from a university of which the language of instruction is not English are expected to fulfil the following minimum English proficiency requirement:

A score of 80 or above (on the Internet-based test), or 550 or above (on the paper-based test) in the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)*; or

An overall Band Score of at least 6 in the International English Language Testing System (IELTS)*; or

Other equivalent qualifications to be considered by the Faculty.

* All English language test scores are considered valid for two years after the date of the test.

Individual cases will be considered on their own merit by the department. Applicants may be required to attend interviews or tests to further demonstrate their language proficiency.

For further information on academic matters, please contact:

Programme Coordinator:  Prof. Xiaowen Fu (tel: (852) 2766 6329; email: [email protected] )

For further information on admission matters, please contact: Ms Stephanie Wong  (tel: (852) 3400 3813; email:  [email protected] )

Departmental Programme Leaders:

Biomedical Engineering   Dr Christina Zonghao Ma (tel: (852) 2766 7671; email:  [email protected] )

Computing Dr Henry Chan (tel: (852) 2766 7269; email:  [email protected] )

Electrical and Electronic Engineering Prof. A.P. Zhang (tel: (852) 3400 3336; email:  [email protected] )

Industrial and Systems Engineering Prof. CY Tang (tel: (852) 2766 6608; email:  [email protected] )

Mechanical Engineering Dr David Navarro-Alarcon (tel: (852) 2766 7816; email: [email protected] )

HK$93,600 per semester for full-time mode 3 credits for candidates of part-time mode

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HK$93,600 per semester for full-time mode HK$11,700 per credit for part-time mode

Remarks: Full-time candidates will be charged HK$93,600 per semester for 6 semesters (which is the normal duration for completing the programme on a full-time basis) whereas part-time candidates will be charged HK$11,700 per credit for 48 credits.

The total tuition fee of the 48-credit programme is HK$561,600 for both full-time and part-time candidates.

Full-time candidates having taken all the 48 credits earlier than the normal registration period (i.e. 6 semesters) will be required to pay the remaining fee when they submit their thesis for oral examination.

The normal duration for the completion of thesis is consecutive six semesters. Approval has to be sought for extending the completion of thesis beyond six semesters and an extension fee of HK$35,100 per semester will be charged.

Candidates have to bear flight cost, hotel accommodation fees, make extra travel insurance arrangement according to individual needs (especially for those who wish to advance or extend their stay in the destination. Basic travel insurance will be provided by the University covering the designated period of the study trip), etc. if they select overseas study trips as their electives.

One of the values of this EngD programme is to challenge my ability and capability. It is a great vehicle that I had successfully verified my patented technology under scientific analysis to prove the innovativeness of the concept. Through the EngD studying process, I had built a solid knowledge research platform so that I could creatively process my ideas with full confidence. The research result has allowed me to transform the concept into a new practical tool that it can be easily adopted into my business to tackle the current field problems as well as benefit the industry as a whole.

Though rich experience can be acquired in engineering practices, innovation and breakthrough are difficult to be obtained. The EngD programme has opened up a new door to technological innovation for me, in which creativity, methodology and practices were united coherently and perfectly, after taking courses instructed by top scientists and professors. During this period, I received 10 invention patents authorised by the National Intellectual Property Administration, PRC. One of these patents was awarded 2017 China (small valley) "Internet + transportation" innovation and entrepreneurship contest winners Award.

My colleagues were surprised by my decision of taking up a further study after 30 years of graduation from my first degree. After a few semesters of hard work, I was able to explain to them and my customers with the latest engineering knowledge such as lean management, road-map, smart manufacturing, and optimisation. They were impressed by my in-depth understanding of these engineering topics. My office is now posted with the certificates that I obtained from the reputable conferences and journals at which I had presented/published my research findings during my Engineering Doctorate (EngD) study. Complementary to my experience in the industry, the EngD programme has helped me contribute to my work with a solid academic background.

This programme is a very special and unique offering. Although you will learn a tremendous amount of knowledge, of even greater value is how it changes the way you view the world. With lectures taught by leaders in the field from across the world, and immersive study trips abroad, you will gain insights that will help you realise that many problems are simply just new opportunities. This programme will evolve you. I cannot overstate how valuable and beneficial this experience has been, both for my career and personally in my daily life. I would highly recommend the programme to anyone who wants to take their skills to the next level.

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