We apologize for the inconvenience...
To ensure we keep this website safe, please can you confirm you are a human by ticking the box below.
If you are unable to complete the above request please contact us using the below link, providing a screenshot of your experience.
https://ioppublishing.org/contacts/
- Getting Help
Goals and Objectives
- Recognize the natural and human-driven systems and processes that produce energy and affect the climate
- Explain scientific concepts in language non-scientists can understand
- Use numerical tools and publicly available scientific data to demonstrate important concepts about the Earth, its climate, and resources
Learning Objectives
The global-warming story is huge. In this module, we will look at the physics, and the next module covers the history and the impacts. Don't let it get you down; the basics are not nearly as hard as they might seem at first.
After completing this module, students will be able to:
- Recall that carbon dioxide has a well-understood and physically unavoidable warming influence on Earth’s climate
- Recognize that positive feedbacks amplify changes, and negative feedbacks reduce them
- Recall that multiple independent records from different places using different methods all show that both CO 2 and temperature are rising
- Explain that patterns of global warming in the past century can only be reproduced by considering both natural and human influences on climate
- Use a model to show that global climate always finds a steady state, but certain factors may influence how long it takes to get there
- Demonstrate that greenhouse gases are the most significant factor controlling surface temperature
2024 Theses Doctoral
Bridging the Gap Between Lab Technology and Large-Scale Application: A Technological Study of Carbon Dioxide Direct Air Capture Sorbents and Direct Air Capture In-Situ Methanation Dual Function Materials
Lin, Yuanchunyu
This thesis aims to provide different aspects to make the Direct Air Capture Dual Function Materials (DAC-DFM) project more applicable in commercialization and large-scale deployment to directly address the global warming problem caused by anthropogenic CO₂. Dual function materials are comprised of nano dispersed alkaline sorbents and a methanation catalyst to capture CO₂ from ambient air and convert it to CH₄ upon the addition of green H₂. Two sub-projects named “Ru thrifting project” and “hydrophobicity/surface modification project” were performed to study the potential optimization and tradeoff when modifying the DFM components. The major accomplishment in this thesis has been the thrifting of Ru from its original value of 5% to 1% and finally 0.25% with no sacrifice in stability but with some decrease in capacity for CO₂ capture and methanation. Given the Ru unit price (around 14 USD/g, flexible market, in March 2024), this approach would greatly reduce the overall production cost. In the hydrophobicity/surface modification project, Al₂O₃ the high surface area carrier for the DFM components, was treated using 3 different methods (high temperature calcination, acid treatment, and metal oxide doping). The goal of this study was to reduce the surface water uptake in the Al₂O₃ from humidity, present in ambient air, by increasing hydrophobicity to reduce the energy evaporation cost during temperature swing in the DFM CO₂ desorption/methanation process. Samples treated after these 3 methods showed a significant decrease in water uptake. ZrO₂ doped Na₂CO₃-Al₂O₃ sample showed a low H₂O uptake and the highest CO₂ adsorption, twice that of the CO₂ capacity of the Na₂CO₃-Al₂O₃ samples treated by calcination and acid. Such hydrophobicity study would be used to further optimize the components of DFM to meet requirements in real world applications. Future outlook for DFMs is also briefly discussed with focuses on (1) using pre-heated H₂ to increase the temperature of inner DFM coatings for increased energy efficiency, (2) increased CO₂ capture, utilization, and conversion to CH₄, as well as (3) practical acceptance of DAC hubs and CO₂ taxes/credits. A new approach of moisture swing DAC sorbents as an alternate technology to the thermal swing DFM is suggested as a future project. With loaded CO₃²⁻ on both organic ion exchange particles/membranes and inorganic silica-based granules, the CO₂ adsorption/desorption effect can be controlled by the moisture level (relative humidity) from ambient air in the inlet sample chamber.
- Environmental engineering
- Carbon dioxide
- Carbon dioxide--Absorption and adsorption
- Carbon sequestration
- Carbon dioxide mitigation
- Zirconium oxide
More About This Work
- DOI Copy DOI to clipboard
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
using global warming potentials (GWPs) over a 100-year time horizon, often derived from the IPCC Second Assessment Report (IPCC, 1995a). A discussion about different GHG metrics can be found in Sections 1.2.5 and 3.9.6 (see Annex II.9.1 for the GWP values of the different GHGs).
Compendium on methods and tools to evaluate impacts of, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change. Final draft. 1. Introduction. 1.1 Focus and scope of the compendium. This compendium is organized in a way that allows existing adaptation analysis and decision frameworks and tools to be catalogued in manner that is clear and easy to use and ...
The outcomes of global warming include: change in climate, occurrence and spread of diseases, water shortage, food insecurity, loss of livelihood, social unrest, insecurity etc. The outcomes of ...
This Toolkit is organized into four main sections, each reflecting a vital component in the process of formulating and articulating an adaptation initiative. 1. Making the Case 2. Key Steps 3. Building Consensus 4. Tools and Methodologies Throughout the text, there is advice on key information required, relevant sources, and critical issues to
The first step of the methodology is to undertake a simple screening test. This involves the uniform scaling of the amount of rain falling during a storm event within the catchment over the peak rainfall period, where the scaling factor is proportional to the assumed increase in temperature caused by climate change.
1.63 % of income at 3 °C warming and 6.53% of income at a 6 °C warming. We make a judgmental adjustment of 25% to cover unquantified sectors. The reasons for this adjustment were provided in Nordhaus and Sztorc (2013) and are given in the Appendix. With this adjustment, the estimated impact is -2.04 (+ 2.21) % of income at 3 °C warming
The methodology is able to assess projects concerned with the avoidance of GHG emissions in the use and end-of-life phase of products, as well as to account for process inputs such as ... The Global Warming Potentials (GWP) to be used are those in the Annex to Commission Delegated Regulation supplementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the
A new methodology for the assessment of. climate change impacts on a watershed scale. Slobodan P. Simonovic. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Western Ontario ...
warming in AR6.10 {2.3, Cross-Chapter Box 2.3} (Figure SPM.1) A.1.3 he T likely range of total human-caused global surface temperature increase from 1850-1900 to 2010-2019 11 is 0.8°C to 1.3°C, with a best estimate of 1.07°C. It is likely that well-mixed GHGs contributed a warming of 1.0°C to 2.0°C, other
Compendium on methods and tools to evaluate impacts of, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change. Final draft. Stakeholder approaches in general emphasize the importance of ensuring that the decisions to be analyzed, how they are analyzed, and the actions taken as a result of this analysis are driven by those who are affected by climate ...
corresponding to around a 50% amplifi cation of global mean warming). The magnitude of cryospheric feedbacks remains uncertain, contributing to the range of model climate responses at mid- to high latitudes. • There have been ongoing improvements to resolution, computational methods and parametrizations, and
Our work advances methods for projecting future climate design conditions based on data from global climate models. These models do not typically archive the hourly data required for climate design condition calculations, and they often exhibit large biases in extreme conditions, daily minimum temperatures and daily maximum temperatures needed ...
and these show that global warming will continue and accelerate. The best estimates indicate that the Earth could warm by 3°C by 2100. Even if countries reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, the Earth will continue to warm. Predictions by 2100 range from a minimum of 1.8°C to as much as 4°C rise in global average temperatures. II. CLIMATE ...
of global warming below 2°C. As a prior step, before embarking on the vulnerability and risk assessment, it is essential to prepare and plan the process, assess and define the project context and project boundaries and interactions, define the methodology for how to do the assessment including key parameters for
This paper argues for a more comprehensive look at food system vulnerability (i.e., "food security") — including not just agricultural production but also delivery, processing, and storage food. The paper also includes a review of existing research on impacts and adaptation. Miller, M. et al., 2013.
scientists have about the way that global warming and climate change affect the Earth. As you work through the case study, answer the questions and complete the global warming issue analysis worksheet. Think about the causes of global warming and its effects on the environment, where global warming is located, and how the problem of
Assembling such a global stocktake of effective climate policy interventions is so far hampered by two main obstacles: First, even though there is a plethora of data on legislative frameworks and pledged national emission reductions (8-10), systematic and cross-nationally comparable data about the specific types and mixes of implemented policy instruments are lacking.
Warmer. C-40% -20%Drier0% 20% 40%WetterGraphic F • All regions of the world will experience further climate changes, and these changes will be. ifferent depending on where you are. Changes in annual average temperatures and rainfall (precipitation) at global warming of 1.5°C (2.7°F) and 3°C (5.4°F) compared with.
PROBLEM SOLVING ACTIVITY:GLOBAL WARMING EFFECTSThe issue of global warming has been transformed from one of concern for a small group of scientists. to an item on the agenda board of world leaders. As an aid to thinking about the many interconnections of this top. c the technique of a "future wheel" can be used. One of the initi.
The Paris Conference set the global climate change efforts on a completely new and ambitious footing: all 196 Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change agreed on a common goal and approach to combatting climate change. We intend to keep global warming well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial
Goals. Recognize the natural and human-driven systems and processes that produce energy and affect the climate. Explain scientific concepts in language non-scientists can understand. Use numerical tools and publicly available scientific data to demonstrate important concepts about the Earth, its climate, and resources.
Global Warming Education climatechangeeducation.org Zero Footprint Kids Calculator For Teachers www.zerofootprintkids.com Creative Change Educational Solutions www.creativechange.net Teaching about Climate Change: Cool Schools Tackle Global Warming, edited by Tim Grant and Gail Littlejohn Low Carbon Diet, A 30 Day Program
Special and Methodology Reports. Special Report on Climate Change and Cities; 2027 IPCC Methodology Report on Inventories for Short-lived Climate Forcers; Global Warming of 1.5°C; Climate Change and Land; 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories; The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate
This thesis aims to provide different aspects to make the Direct Air Capture Dual Function Materials (DAC-DFM) project more applicable in commercialization and large-scale deployment to directly address the global warming problem caused by anthropogenic CO₂. Dual function materials are comprised of nano dispersed alkaline sorbents and a methanation catalyst to capture CO₂ from ambient air ...
%PDF-1.4 %âãÏÓ 4038 0 obj > endobj xref 4038 39 0000000016 00000 n 0000003238 00000 n 0000003433 00000 n 0000003470 00000 n 0000005171 00000 n 0000005941 00000 n 0000006637 00000 n 0000007330 00000 n 0000007439 00000 n 0000007478 00000 n 0000007591 00000 n 0000007706 00000 n 0000010330 00000 n 0000010753 00000 n 0000011159 00000 n ...
Workfront is your single collaborative system that lets you break down silos and manage all work across the organization. Consolidate work requests, streamline project intake, capture data with custom forms, and manage project reviews. Understand the work happening across your teams with dashboards and tracking tools.